Dav Xii Literature 2023 24

LITERATURE SECTION
1
FLAMINGO
Ch. 1 - THE LAST LESSON
By: ALPHONSE DAUDET
Q.1 Read the given extract and answer the questions given. 1x6
But nothing happened. M. Hamel saw me and said very kindly, “Go to your place
quickly, little Franz. We were beginning without you.”
I jumped over the bench and sat down at my desk. Not till then, when I had got a
little over my fright, did I see that our teacher had on his beautiful green coat, his
frilled shirt, and the little black silk cap, all embroidered, that he never wore except
on inspection and prize days.
Franz felt that the atmosphere in the school was unusual and serious. To add to it,
the last benches of the classroom were occupied by the senior village men – Hauser,
who was wearing his three-cornered hat, the retired mayor, postmaster, etc.
i. ‘But nothing happened.' State the tone of the speaker.
ii. M. Hamel's demeanour is sharply in contrast to Franz's expectation. What could
be the reason for such a change in attitude?
A. M Hamel intentionally wore such a look.
B. Everyone in the class had learnt the given task.
C. The teacher had lost his job as a French teacher.
D. He was retiring the very next day.
iii. Complete the sentence suitably.
The reason for the unusual atmosphere enveloping the entire class was
______________
iv. State the reason for which the elderly people of the village gathered in the
classroom.
v. What does M Hamel 's putting on his Sunday Best signify?
vi. The speaker is in a confused state of mind. Pick up the option that underlines the
reason of his confusion.
1. The teacher's kind behaviour.
2. The overall school atmosphere.
3. The Prussian soldiers drilling.
4. The crowd in front of the bulletin board.
A. Only 1
B. 1, 2, & 4
C. 2&3
D. 1&4
Q.2. Read the given extract and answer the questions given 1x6
Usually, when school began, there was a great bustle, which could be heard out in
the street, the opening and closing of desks, lessons repeated in unison, very loud,
with our hands over our ears to understand better, and the teacher’s great ruler
rapping on the table. But now it was all so still! I had counted on the commotion to
get to my desk without being seen; but, of course, that day everything had to be as
quiet as Sunday morning. Through the window, I saw my classmates, already in
their places, and M. Hamel walking up and down with his terrible iron ruler under
his arm. I had to open the door and go in before everybody. You can imagine how
I blushed and how frightened I was.
i. List any two sensory details present in this extract.
ii. Why does the protagonist feel anxious about entering the classroom on this
particular day?
A. No one was present in the class.
B. The entire classroom was in a state of utter clamour.
C. M Hamel was angry with the class.
D. Franz was late for his class. 2
iii. Complete the sentence appropriately.
The phrase ‘ as quiet as Sunday morning ‘ suggests that____________
iv. Pick evidence from the extract that helps on infer that this was not the
protagonist‘s first time being late to school.
v. Explain the phrase ‘terrible iron ruler’.
vi. Choose the correct headlines for the given extract.
A. The Fears of Late comers
B. Importance of punctuality
C. Rigidity of the school system.
D. The anxiety of a young student.
Q.3. Read the given extract and answer the questions given. 1x6
Poor man! It was in honour of this last lesson that he had put on his fine Sunday
clothes, and now I understood why the old men of the village were sitting there in
the back of the room. It was because they were sorry, too, that they had not gone
to school more. It was their way of thanking our master for his forty years of faithful
service and of showing their respect for the country that was theirs no more.
i. Why do you think the narrator refer to his teacher as ‘poor man!’?
A. He emphasises with M Hamel as he had to leave the city.
B. He believes that M Hamel‘s “fine Sunday clothes” clearly reflected that he
was not rich.
C. He feels sorry for M Hamel as it was his last French class.
D. He thinks that M Hamel‘s patriotism and sense of duty resulted in his poverty.
ii. Which of the following idioms might describe the villager’s act of attending the
last lesson most accurately?
A. Too good to miss.
B. Too little, too late.
C. Too many cooks spoils the broth.
D. Too cool for school.
iii. Pick the evidence from the extract that helps infer that the villagers were
remorseful.
iv. Complete the sentence appropriately.
It was France itself, and the last French lesson a desperate attempt to ---------------
v. Do you think M Hamel was faithful to his profession? State a reason.
vi. ‘The country was theirs no more”, means_____________.
Then, from one thing to another, M. Hamel went on to talk of the French language,
saying that it was the most beautiful language in the world — the clearest, the most
logical; that we must guard it among us and never forget it, because when a people
are enslaved, as long as they hold fast to their language it is as if they had the key
to their prison. Then he opened a grammar and read us our lesson. I was amazed to
see how well I understood it. All he said seemed so easy, so easy!
i. Which of the following can be attributed to M Hamel’s declaration about the
French language?
A. Subject expert.
B. Nostalgic pride
C. Factual accuracy
D. Patriotism
ii. Read the quotes given below.
1. Those who know nothing of foreign languages, know nothing of their own.
(Johann W Goethe)
2. Language is the road map of a culture it tells you where it's people come from
and where they are going. (Rita Mae Brown)
3. A poor man is like a foreigner in his own country.( Ali Ibn Abi Talib)
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4. The greatest propaganda in the world is our mother tongue, that what we learnt
as children and which we learn unconsciously. That shapes our perceptions for
life. ( Marshall Mcluhan)
A. Option (I)
B. Option (ii)
C. Option (III)
D. Option (iv)
iii. “I was amazed to see how well I understood it”.
Pick the evidence which explains why Franz found the grammar lesson easy that
day
iv. Complete the sentence suitably.
Franz was able to understand the grammar lesson easily because he was
_________
v. What suggestion did the speaker give to the listener?

vi. State the reason that Franz was remorseful for neglecting his lessons before.
Q.5. Answer ANY FIVE of the following SIX questions, in about 40-50 words. 2x5
i. I heard M. Hamel say to me, “I won’t scold you, little Franz; you must feel bad
enough. See how it is! Every day we have said to ourselves, ‘Bah! I’ve plenty of
time. I’ll learn it tomorrow.’ And now you see where we’ve come out.
Procrastination is the hallmark of Alsace’s approach to learning. Justify with
reference to the text The Last Lesson.
ii. "They looked like little flags floating everywhere in the school-room, hung from
the rod at the top of our desks. You ought to have seen how everyone set to work,
and how quiet it was! The only sound was the scratching of the pens over the
paper." This signifies that the classroom is charged with patriotism blended with
the realisation of the significance of mother tongue. Elaborate.
iii. Mention two things about M Hamel that surprised Franz on his last day at school.
iv. “We’ve all a great deal to reproach ourselves with,” said M. Hamel. Refer to the
context and explain what he wanted to convey to his students.
v. If this had been M. Hamel’s first lesson, how do you think the school experience
of the students might have been impacted?
vi. “What a thunderclap these words were to me!” What were the words that shocked
and surprised the narrator?
Q.6. Answer ANY ONE of the following questions. 5
i. Language is the road map of a culture. It tells you where its people come from
and where they are going. Justify this statement with reference how Hamel
demonstrated his last lesson in the story.
ii. Franz from The Last Lesson and the peddler from The Rattrap demonstrate the
importance of learning from our mistakes to evolve into better people. Imagine that
Shubhangi, your friend, feels as if she has made a mistake by not taking her
academics seriously. Write a note to Shubhangi in 120–150 words discussing
instances from the two texts to give her an insight into the human tendency to make
mistakes and learn from them.
You may begin like this:
Shubhangi, all of us have made mistakes at one point or another in our lives. After
all, to err is human...........
ANSWERS
Q.1. Answer the following: 1x6
i. surprised
ii. The teacher had lost his job as a French teacher
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iii. The order from Berlin to effect German as replacement for French language.
iv. The village elders gathering in the back of the class signifies their love for M
Hamel. The were there to express their gratitude to their dear teacher for serving
them lovingly for 40 years.
v. Neither was it a prize day or an inspection day when he generally put on his
Sunday best. He had put on his Sunday Best as a mark of respect to French
Language and his love for his country.
vi. (E) 1, 2, & 4
i. The sounds of the opening and closing of desk.
The loud lessons repeated in unison.
The teacher’s ruler rapping on the table.
ii. D. Franz was late for his class.
iii. The school was unusually calm and quiet as if it were a Sunday rather than a
bustling school day.
iv. The protagonist seems to have a plan to sneak into the class without being noticed,
suggested that they may have been in similar type of situations before.
v. M Hamel’s discipline and strictness.
vi. B. Importance of punctuality.
i. C. He feels sorry for M Hamel as it was his last French class.
ii. B. Too little, too late.
iii. It was because they were sorry too that they had not gone to school more.
iv. Hold on to the remnants of what they have.
v. Yes, indeed. He was a strict teacher when it came to studies. He served them with
dedication for 40 years.
vi. Now France was occupied by Germans. They have lost their identity as French men
i. D. Patriotism
ii. B. Option (ii)
iii. That day Franz was listening to the French lesson with all attention. Therefore, he
understood it well, which amazed him the most.
iv. receptive
v. The speaker suggests to the listeners to save their mother tongue from being
perished. It was going to be the key to their freedom someday.
vi. …’ I was amazed to see how well I understood it. All his teacher said seemed to be
easy.’
2. Answer in about 40-50 words (1x4)
i. Alsace has been always lazy in lessons. They have never tried to grasp their mother
tongue in real earnest. Franz is only an example. The little ones were engaged in
farm activities by their parents, and M Hamel himself was to blame for their plight
in learning. Alsace believed that things like learning can be postponed. This idea
of procrastination was embedded deeply in them.
ii. M Hamel’s last lesson was profoundly French. He displayed an exemplary aura to
motivate his countrymen to be lovers of their language which could be key to their
freedom. In everything he taught there was a mark of patriotism. The round hands
in handwriting & the tone he had were lashed with nationalistic feelings which had
great impact on his Alsace audience.
iii. M Hamel didn’t scold Franz for being late; instead he told him very kindly to go
to his place. Also, that day he was dressed in his best clothes; he was in his
beautiful green coat, frilled shirt and little black silk cap with embroidery, which
he wore only on inspection or prize days.
iv. M. Hamel said it to Franz when he felt embarrassed at not being able to answer.
He consoles Franz by saying everyone in Alsace is to be blamed for not learning
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their mother tongue parents, teachers, and children all are to be blamed. Alsace
puts off learning for tomorrow.
v. If "The Last Lesson" had been M. Hamel's first lesson, it's possible that the
school experience of the students would have been very different. M. Hamel's
passionate and dedicated teaching style may have inspired the students to take
their studies more seriously and to appreciate the value of education.
vi. When M. Hamel mounted on the chair and announced that he was there to teach
his last French lesson that day, Franz was shocked and surprised. He felt very
guilty for deliberately ignoring to learn his native language and he suddenly
developed a strange fascination for his language and his school.
3. Answer in about 120-150 words 5 marks
i. Language is the road map of a culture. It tells you where its people come from and
where they are going. Language is the backbone of the culture of any nation.
Freedom in many countries has been achieved through the effective use of
language. India did get its freedom largely owing to well-coordinated
communication amongst freedom fighters. Hindi predominantly played a
significant role in mobilising ammunitions against the British Raj until finally they
were overthrown. M Hamel in his last lesson explained emotionally they value of
their mother tongue by saying that it was the most beautiful, clearest language in
the world. If ever they desired for freedom their love for the language someday
would bring them their freedom. His audience seemed to have realised their
mistake and were all ear to him. Thus, M Hamel was full of patriotic fervour in
dealing with his last French lesson which the entire Alsace listened to with rapt
attention.
ii.
Shubhangi, all of us have made mistakes at one point or another in our lives. After
all, to err is human. Mistakes are common - all of us, whether old or young, may
make numerous mistakes. For example, little Franz is careless, indisciplined, and
unpunctual while the vagabond, who is much older than Franz, remains greedy and
chooses to engage in petty thievery.
If not corrected in time, our mistakes bring our growth to a standstill. As in the case
of Franz, since he does not take Mr. Hamel’s classes seriously, he is unable to learn
French despite being present in the classroom. The man with the rattrap, on the
other hand, is not satisfied by people’s kindness to him. Instead, he steals from
compassionate people like the old crofter who shared his meal with him and gave
him a place to rest, without any remorse. He also greedily pretends to be the master
blacksmith’s long-lost acquaintance, hoping for money from the blacksmith.
However, when they are confronted with their respective situations, they realize
their mistakes. Franz attends the last lesson only to realize that he had lost the only
opportunity to learn his mother tongue while the vagabond who pretended to be
Captain Von Stahle was taken aback by the goodness of Edla.
Upon this realization, Franz is filled with remorse and tries his best to recite the
lesson. He is unable to do so and feels guilty, so he listens to the remaining part of
the lesson with rapt attention. Similarly, inspired by Edla’s kindness to him, the
rattrap man returns the stolen money.
Both of these characters thus realize their mistakes and take initiative to fix them.
They make the choice to evolve into better people by learning from their mistakes,
something that makes a difference in their lives.
Ch. 2 - LOST SPRING
BY: Anees Jung
Food is more important for survival than an identity. “If at the end of the day we
can feed our families and go to bed without an aching stomach, we would rather
live here than in the fields that gave us no grain,” say a group of women in tattered
saris when I ask them why they left their beautiful land of green fields and rivers.
Wherever they find food, they pitch their6 tents that become transit homes. Children
grow up in them, becoming partners in survival. And survival in Seemapuri means
rag-picking. Through the years, it has acquired the proportions of a fine art.
Garbage to them is gold. It is their daily bread, a roof over their heads, even if it is
a leaking roof. But for a child it is even more.
i. Complete the sentence with ONE word:
The phrase ‘transit homes’ refer to the dwellings that are _____________.
ii. Identify the figure of speech used in the sentence “Garbage to them is gold”.
iii. Which term best indicate the line ‘Food is more important for survival than an
identity’
iv. What does ‘acquired the proportions of a fine art’ mean?
A. Rag-Picking has regained its lost status.
B. A segment of rag pickers is skilled in fine arts.
C. Rag-Picking has attained the position of a skill.
D. Only a few people are experts in rag-picking.
v. Complete the sentence with one word.
For the elders garbage is a means of __________.
vi. Identify the line from the text that bears evidence to the fact that
Extreme poverty forces the children of Seemapuri to lead such a miserable life.
Unaware of what his name represents, he roams the streets with his friends, an army
of barefoot boys who appear like the morning birds and disappear at noon. Over
the months, I have come to recognise each of them.
“Why aren’t you wearing chappals?” I ask one.
“My mother did not bring them down from the shelf,” he answers simply.
“Even if she did he will throw them off,” adds another who is wearing shoes that
do not match.
When I comment on it, he shuffles his feet and says nothing. “I want shoes,” says
a third boy who has never owned a pair all his life. Travelling across the country I
have seen children walking barefoot, in cities, on village roads. It is not lack of
money but a tradition to stay barefoot, is one explanation. I wonder if this is only
an excuse to explain away a perpetual state of poverty.
i. State the the writer’s purpose in allowing the boys to speak for themselves via
dialogue, as opposed to only a writer’s commentary.
ii. The line, “It is not lack of money but a tradition to stay barefoot” can be best
classified as:
A. A fact B. An opinion
C. A theme D. A plot point
iii. Explain any one possible inference that can be drawn from the line, “an army of
barefoot boys who appear like the morning birds and disappear at noon”.
iv. Identify the line from the text that bears evidence to the fact that the writer’s
association with the boys is not a recent one.
v. Based on the context provided in the extract, select the most likely comment that
the writer would have made based on the boy’s reaction to the mismatched shoes.
A. “Why are your shoes mismatched? That’s not a good look.”
B. “Don’t worry about your shoes, you can wear a matching pair later.”
C. “I like your shoes. What matters is that they protect your feet.”
D. “Have you chosen to mismatch your shoes?”
vi. Complete the sentence with ONE word.
The phrase “he answers simply”, suggests that the boy’s response to the writer’s
question about why he wasn’t wearing chappals was ____________________
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Q.3. Answer ANY FIVE of the following questions, in about 40-50 words. 2X5
i. What all things comprise the vicious circle from where there is no escape?
Why are promises to the poor rarely kept?
ii. Mukesh’s dreams loom like a mirage amidst the dust of streets that feel his
iii. town Firozabad. Justify the statement in the light of contrast in the mindsets of
Mukesh and the people of Firozabad.
Why do you think Mukesh is content to dream of cars and doesn’t dream of
iv. flying a plane?
Do you believe that ‘God-given lineage can be broken’? Support your position
v. with a rationale.
How do you think the author’s life might have been impacted after her
vi. interactions with the children and their families mentioned in ‘Lost Spring’?
Q.4. Answer ANY ONE of the following questions in 120-150 words. 5
i. The story, ‘Lost Spring’ highlights the apathy of society and those in power to
end the vicious cycle of poverty.
Comment on the statement with evidences from the text.
OR
ii. Certain traditions and lineage, condemn thousands of children to a life of abject
poverty and choke their aspirations. You are Manab/Manabi, a student of class XII.
With reference to the topic ‘Lost Spring’, prepare a talk to given by you in the
seminar organsied by the Department of English of your school.
ANSWERS
1. Temporary
2. Hyperbole
3. Necessity
4. C. Rag-Picking has attained the position of a skill.
5. Survival
6. And survival in Seemapuri means rag-picking.
Q.2. Answer the following:
i. - To give voice to their hopes, dreams and struggles in a way that is immediate and
relatable.
- To add a sense of authenticity and realism to the story.
- To make the experience more engaging and memorable for the reader. (Any one)
ii. B. An opinion
iii. * The boys are barefoot which suggests that they may come from poor or
marginalised background and do not have access to proper footwear.
* The phrase “an army of barefoot boys” implies that the boys are a unified group,
and that they have a sense of solidarity or shared identity.
* The comparison to “morning birds” suggests that the boys are lively and energetic
and that they move around quickly and unpredictably.
* The fact that the boys “disappear at noon” suggests that their time is limited or
constrained in some way, and that they may need to return to their home or other
responsibilities.
* The use of word “disappear” may also imply that the boys are overlooked or
ignored by the wider society and that they are not given the recognition or support
that they need.
* The phrase “like the morning birds” could also imply that the boys are vulnerable
and their carefree lifestyle may be disrupted by external factors such as poverty,
exploitation or violence.
(Any one- explanation needed via reference to the line)
iv. The line from the text: “Over the months, I have come to recognise each of them.”
v. C. “I like your shoes. What matters is that they protect your feet.”
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vi. Straightforward/ uncomplicated/ direct/ clear
Q.3. Answer ANY FIVE of the following questions, in about 40-50 words. 2x5
i. Vicious circle comprises of class difference, poverty, unequal distribution of
opportunities and economic power and being trapped in the traditional work
legacy.
ii. The promises made to poor children are seldom kept. Often, they are not taken
seriously or have been made on the pretext of retaining a child’s fancy for
something. This keeps the child hoping for a better possibility till he/she realises
the truth
iii. He has not allowed the harsh realities of his life kill his dreams. Though he is forced
to work as child labor in bangle-making industry, he has a dream of becoming a
motor mechanic. However, the possibility of his dream becoming a reality is
bleak. His circumstances are not encouraging.
iv. Mukesh dreams of owning a car one day but doesn't dream of flying a plane
because his aspirations are limited by the environment in which he lives.
v. Contrary to his Grandmother's believe that a God-given lineage can never be
broken, Mukesh wants to be a motor mechanic. Though born in the caste of
bangle makers Mukesh does not want to confine himself to the traditional so
called 'God given lineage and wishes to explore beyond it.
vi. Overall, the author's interactions with the teenagers and their households stated in
"Lost Spring" probably impacted her lifestyles with the aid of deepening her
appreciation of the social and monetary troubles in India, and inspiring her to use
her writing as a device for social change.
Q.4. Answer in 120-150 words: (Suggested value points)
i. - the miserable plight of thousands of poor people whose life is completely marred
by abject poverty and thoughtless traditions.
- work extremely hard in the most pathetic conditions.
- accept poverty and exploitation as their destiny.
ii. - To tackle this issue, we need to focus on creating more equitable opportunities
for all children regardless of their family's social standing.
- This can be done through investing in education, providing access to
resources and training, and creating employment opportunities that are open
to all.
Ch. 3 - DEEP WATER
BY: William Douglas
Q.1. Read the given extract and answer the following questions. 1x6
And then in the midst of the terror came a touch of reason. I must remember to
jump when I hit the bottom. At last I felt the tiles under me. My toes reached out
as if to grab them. I jumped with everything I had. But the jump made no difference.
The water was still around me. I looked for ropes, ladders, water wings. Nothing
but water. A mass of yellow water held me. Stark terror took an even deeper hold
on me, like a great charge of electricity. I shook and trembled with fright. My arms
wouldn’t move. My legs wouldn’t move. I tried to call for help, to call for mother.
Nothing happened.
i. i. Pick out an expression that shows the use of tactile imagery. 1
__________________.
ii. ‘in the midst of the terror came a touch of reason’well justifies that
A. the narrator was acquainted with the place
B. it was a shallow pool
C. he knew he would be saved
D. the terror had not made his mind numb
iii. In the phrase ‘everything I had’, ‘everything’ refers to
iv. Stark terror taking a deeper hold on the narrator is an effect. State the cause behind
this.
v. The narrator’s try to call for mother spells
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out a universal trait. What is it?
vi. Which of the following literary devices can be found in the expression, ‘Stark
terror took an even deeper hold on me.’
A. Simile
B. Personification
C. Repetition
D. Invocation
Q.2. Read the given extract and answer the following questions
It had happened when I was ten or eleven years old. I had decided to learn to swim. 1x6
There was a pool at the Y.M.C.A. in Yakima that offered exactly the opportunity.
The Yakima River was treacherous. Mother continually warned against it, and kept
fresh in my mind the details of each drowning in the river. But the Y.M.C.A. pool
was safe. It was only two or three feet deep at the shallow end; and while it was
nine feet deep at the other, the drop was gradual. I got a pair of water wings and
went to the pool. I hated to walk naked into it and show my skinny legs. But I
subdued my pride and did it. From the beginning, however, I had an aversion to
the water when I was in it.
i. List one trait of mother evident in the extract.
ii. The narrator’s aversion to the water was because ___________.
A. he had decided to learn to swim.
B. the Yakima river was treacherous.
C. he hated to walk naked into water.
D. The text has no information to complete the sentence.
iii. On the basis of the information given in the extract, complete the given analogy
with a word from this.
treacherous : warning :: _________ : allowed
iv. The objective behind mother’s efforts was to ______________.
v. Which of the following is not specific to the Y.M.C.A. pool?
A. It gives each learner a pair of water wings.
B. It had a gradual drop.
C. It was nine feet deep at one end.
D. It was two or three feet deep at the shallow end.
vi. The narrator’s pride was to ______________. 1
Q.3. Read the given extract and answer the following questions: 1x6
My introduction to the Y.M.CA. Swimming pool revived unpleasant memories
and stirred childish fears. But in a little while I gathered confidence. I paddled
with my new water wings, watching the other boys and trying to learn by aping
them. I did this two or three times on different days and was just beginning to feel
at ease in the water when the misadventure happened. I went to the pool when no
one else was there. The place was quiet. The water was still, and the tiled bottom
was as white and clean as a bathtub. I was timid about going in alone, so I sat on
the side of the pool to wait for others.
i. Choose the one that does not have a cause-effect relationship. 1
A. unpleasant memories - childish fears
B. went to the pool - no one else was there
C. felt timid - sat on the side
D. gathered confidence - paddled with new water wings
ii. Which of the following was an act of courage?
A. I gathered confidence.
B. I paddled with my new water wings.
C. I went to the pool when no one else was there.
D. I sat on the side of the pool to wait for others.
iii. The extract shows a remarkable juxtaposition of contrasting happenings like
‘beginning to feel at ease’ and ‘misadventure happened’
Similarly, find an appropriate contrast for the event ‘revived unpleasant
memories’
iv. Pick out an example of simile from the extract.
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v. Complete the sentence.
___________ from the passage can replace the phrase, ‘came back to memory’.
vi. Fill in the blanks with a suitable word. 1

The unpleasant memories spring from the reflection of the ______ incident.
Q.4. Answer ANY FIVE of the following questions, in about 40-50 words. (5x2=10)
i. The feelings of fear make one handicapped. Justify the statement with the
happening in the narrator’s life.
ii. “The Yakima River was treacherous. Mother continually warned against it, and
kept fresh in my mind the details of each drowning in the river.’
On the basis of your understanding of the given extract, write your observations
of the narrator.
iii. Narrate in your own words how the narrator’s fear of water got strengthened.
iv. Draw a comparison between the Yakima River and the Y.M.C.A. pool.
v. Elaborate the feelings of the narrator when he went out on his fishing trips.
vi. Bullying can often turn fatal. Validate the statement on the basis of your
understanding of the lesson
Q.5. Answer ANY ONE of the following two questions, in about 120-150 words. 5
i. As a reader, you have been impressed by the ‘never-say-die’ spirit displayed by
the narrator. Write a speech highlighting the actions of William Douglas and
expressing your feelings.
ii. ‘All we have to fear is fear itself.’ This comes out to be a magical expression.
Narrate how the realization of the truth of the statement can beautify one’s life.
Write your answer in a paragraph.
ANSWERS
Q.1. Read the given extract and answer the following questions. 1X6
i. At last I felt the tiles under me.
ii. D. the terror had not made his mind numb
iii. the strength left in him
iv. Getting nothing like ropes, ladders, water wings for support, thinking of mother
v. for help during moments of adversity / danger
vi. B. Personification
2. Read the given extract and answer the following questions. 1X6
careful / caring / concerned
i. D. The text has no information to complete the sentence.
ii. safe
iii. prevent the narrator from deciding in favour of the River Yakima / make the
iv. narrator conscious about the dangerous behaviour of the river
v. A. It gives each learner a pair of water wings.
vi. not to expose himself naked before others / not to show his skinny legs / thin
body
3. Read the given extract and answer the following questions. 1x6
i. B. went to the pool - no one else was there
ii. B. I paddled with my new water wings.
iii. gathered confidence
iv. the tiled bottom was as white and clean as a bathtub
v. revived
vi. beach
Q. 4. Answer ANY FIVE of the following six questions, in about 40-50 words. 5x2
CLUES:
i. - went into the waters, terrified, felt paralysed, handicapped, could not enjoy
with friends
ii. - decided to learn to swim, probably talked of going to the Yakima river, but
mother tried to make him aware of the dangers.
iii. - incident at the beach in California, got fear of water, misadventure in the
Y.M.C.A. pool, fear of water strengthened
11
iv. - Yakima river-uncertain, treacherous, cases of drowning, Y.M.C.A. pool –
nine feet at one end, two or three feet at the other end, gradual drop,
considered safe
v. - could not enjoy, haunted by the fear of water, deprived of the joy of canoeing,
boating, fishing, swimming
vi. - the activity of the big boy, an act of carelessness, the narrator’s life in danger
i. (Format – speech writing)
- William Douglas- an inspiration, faced a tragedy, thrown into the water of a
pool, not learnt swimming, but kept his cool, was not out of wits, made his
calculations, planned to hit the bottom, make a big jump, come to the surface,
lie flat and paddle to the edge, failed but stuck to his plan, tried to second
time, made his efforts, never gave up, stopped when he became unconscious
ii. - reference to the unfortunate incident experienced by William Douglas, his
feelings of handicap, life ruined, deprived of the joys, at last planned to
overcome this, engaged an instructor, made several attempts without the
presence of the instructor, fear is a negative factor, pulls back, prevents growth
and recreation, life loses all charms, realization is important, determination
can help one proceed, out of fear, makes one feel able, life becomes beautiful
THE RATTRAP
BY: Selma Lagerlof
"Since you have been so nice to me all day long, as if l was a captain, l want to be
nice to you, in return, as if l was a real captain-for l do not want you to be
embarrassed at this Christmas season by a thief, but you can give back the money
to the old man on the roadside, who has the money pouch hanging on the window
frame as a bait for poor wanderers.
The rattrap is a Christmas present from a rat who would have been caught in this
world's rattrap if he had not been caught in this world's rattrap if he had not been
raised to captain, because in that way he got power to clear himself.
"Written with friendship and high regard,
Captain von Stahle"
i. Which of the following cannot be attributed to the peddler, according to the
extract?
A. Indebtedness
B. Reform
C. Self-pity
D. Self- awareness
ii. Rattrap as a Christmas present is suggestive of the peddler's______
iii. Which of the following doesn't list the meaning of "frame" as has been used in
the extract.
A. a person's body with reference to it's size or built.
B. a single complete picture in a series forming a cinema, television, or video
film.
C. the triangular structure for positioning the red balls in snooker.
D. a thin solid object that seals a container or hole; a lid.
iv. This communication from the peddler includes:
1.a promise
2.regret
3.an apology
4.shame
A. only 4
B. only 1
C. 1 and 3
D. 2 and 4 12
v. The peddler gifted a rattrap as a Christmas present. Infer one reason for doing so.
vi. "The old man on the roadside, who has the money pouch hanging on the window
frame as a bait for poor wanderers" Write the tone used in this line.
Q.2 Read the following extract and answer the questions that follow: 1x6
As he walked along with the money in his pocket he felt quite pleased with his
smartness. He realised, of course, that at first he dared not continue on the public
highway, but must turn off the road, into the woods. During the first hours this
caused him no difficulty. Later in the day it became worse, for it was a big and
confusing forest which he had gotten into. He tried, to be sure, to walk in a definite
direction, but the paths twisted back and forth so strangely! He walked and walked
without coming to the end of the wood, and finally he realised that he had only
been walking around in the same part of the forest. All at once he recalled his
thoughts about the world and the rattrap. Now his own turn had come.
i. Infer one reason for the peddler feeling quite pleased.
ii. Rewrite the sentence by replacing the underlined phrase.
"He realised that he must turn off the road.
iii. How would you judge the Rattrap seller being pleased with his smartness?
iv. "Now his own turn had come.” Which of the following reflect this statement.
A. He had become confused in the forest
B. He had been feeling guilty of what he had done
C. He had fallen prey to the Rattrap
D. He had become a criminal
v. The peddler dared not continue on the public highway since —---- ( complete the
sentence)
vi. How would you characterise the mood of the extract?
A. Mysterious and restful
B. Ominous, despairing
C. Thoughtful and whimsical
D. Philosophical and anguish
Q.3. Answer the following questions in about 40-50 words each. 2 x5
i. Despite his philosophical insights, the peddler fails to resist temptations. What
would you attribute this to? Give an instance from the text.
ii. Rationalize the peddler's philosophy of the world as a rattrap.
iii. Validate the reasons that the iron master give for his friend's bad condition.
iv. Explain Edla's logic for not letting the fake captain Von Stahle go.
v. Christmas is the spirit of selfishness, forgiveness and becoming better. Edla
Williamson is the epitome of this spirit. Justify.
vi. A mistaken identity led to discovery of a new one for the Rattrap peddler. How
did this impact him?
i. Elaborate on the theme of loneliness that shaped the world view of the peddler in
the story "The Rattrap ".
ii. Love, kindness and compassion are among other human attributes that brings a
transformation in human heart. Elucidate this statement with reference to the
story The Rattrap'.
ANSWERS
Q.1. Read the given extract and answer the following questions 1X6
i. C. Self-pity
ii. peddler's transformation to honesty
iii. D. a thin solid object that seals a container or hole; a lid.
iv. C. 1 and 3
v. It was all he had, represents his honesty and simplicity.
vi. Sarcastic
Q.2. i. For his smartness resulting in his favour.
ii. turn off- away 13
iii. He had broken the trust by stealing the money intensifying the feeling of
disgust.
iv. C
v. he had the money in his pocket.
vi. B
Q.3. Answer ANY FIVE of the following questions in 40-50 words 2x5
i. Temptation natural, like a poor rat got tempted by the wealth, tried to escape but
got lost, realization came but already caught.
ii. The riches, comfort and luxuries are baits, people are tempted by this, once
caught, no way to get out, everything comes to close.
iii. His resigning from the army ruined him, should not have resigned.
iv. He had been invited, it's a Christmas time, wants to spend the Christmas a guest,
does not seem good to send away the peddler, against good manners.
v. Despite knowing the truth, she convinced her father to give the peddler shelter,
treated him with respect. Forgives him for not telling the truth.
vi. Mistaken identity of the captain and the resultant goodness received by the
peddler gave him the power to clear his conscience, becomes a better human
being
Clues:
i. All the characters in the story suffer from loneliness, the tramp appears to lead a
sad and monotonous life with no one to share his feelings.
Provides a glimpse into human nature. The peddler was alone, had no good life,
no one to share his feelings, chased by all wherever he went, got no human touch,
had no such concern for others and on the whole towards the society. When he
thought negative of the society, got immense pleasure.
After stealing money from the crofter he again became alone and he started
finding and realising his own views.
Likewise the old crofter lives alone and is happy to get someone to talk, it seems
as if he was waiting for someone.
The Iron master and his daughter Edla have no company for Christmas and is
happy to get someone to give company at the time of Christmas celebration, even
if Edla comes to know his identity.
All have a kind of desire to be with people and have a disliking to loneliness.
Being with people the peddler at last realises his mistakes and rectifies it which
makes him change his world view.
ii. Edla's kindness, compassion, and caring behaviour finally made the peddler change
his ways. Was surprised to see the behaviour of the unknown girl towards her, even
she knew the truth, she argued with her father gave him all he needed, her emotional
generosity to serve and make someone happy on Christmas.
All these positive attitudes brought a great change in him and compelled him to
introspect and realise his own stand. He could recall the affection and caring nature
of the Crofter and realised his mistakes. Got a great transformation in his own self,
surrendered himself to the guilt and returned the money and expressed his
obligation to Edla by writing a letter.
Thus the goodness of the peddler brought out.
Ch. 5 – INDIGO
By: Louis Fischer
“You think that in this unequal fight it would be helpful if we have an
Englishman on our side .This shows weakness of your heart .The cause is just
and you must rely upon yourselves to a prop in Mr. Andrews because he
happens to be an Englishman”
i. Complete the following with reference to Mahatma’s decision to not accept an
Englishman
The usage of the word “weakness “suggests that…………..
14
ii. How can we say, “Unacceptance of the Englishmen” was insightful, in
understanding the decision made by Gandhiji?
iii. Complete the following with an appropriate option.
If unequal fight should not include an Englishman, then making oneself a prop in
Mr. Andrew is an example of _____________
A. Defensive stance
B. Protective measure
C. Concern measure
D. Self-reliance measure
iv. Find textual clue from the extract which suggests that Mahatma Gandhi was a
self-respecting and self-dependent people.
v. ‘Necessity is the mother of Invention ‘
Support the above statement using the loud and clear voice raised against
Britisher in Champaran. State any one detail from the text.
vi. Based on the above, what would it mean to the speaker if Indians are assisted and
needed a ‘PROP’?
A report came in that a peasant had been mal treated in a nearby village .Gandhi
decided to go and see ; t next morning he started out on the back of an elephant
.He had not proceeded far when police Superintendent ‘s messenger overtook him
and ordered him to return to town. Gandhi complied. The messenger drove
Gandhi home where he served him an official notice to quit champaran quickly
.Gandhi signed a receipt for the notice and wrote on it that he would disobey
the order
i. Based on the extract, which of the following can we infer about Gandhi?
A. He is a dynamic in his way and would listen when taken a decision.

B. He occupation his to make people realise his aura and power
C. His generosity increased as he always stand in favour of the people
D. He is spirited enough to make the Britisher understand that India and
its natural resources are for Indians.
ii. What does the incident of climbing on the back of Elephant and proceeding
suggest about his actions?
iii. Complete the given sentence appropriately.
Gandhi signed a receipt for the notice and wrote on it that he would disobey the
order ………………………
iv. Which of these lines uses ‘overtook’ in the same way as the following expression
in the extract?
“Superintendent’s messenger overtook him…….”
A. My friend overtook me and showed me he spoke better than me

B. She overtook the other runners and went on to win the race.
C. Seasickness can overtake passengers when ship encounters a storm.
D. Make sure your accessories don’t overtake your flowers.
v. Complete the given sentence appropriately
The author of the extract has a/an ………tone while describing the above
situation
vi. Which of the following headlines best suggests the central idea of the extract?
A. The alert of the hour
B. Rebel for a cause
C. Disobedience is a way of protest
D. Voice raise to demand rights.
Q.3. Answer ANY FIVE of the following in about 40-50 words 2x5
15
i. How was Gandhiji‘s strategy of sacrifice and non-violence, in Champaran Indigo
movement, a formidable catalyst for change?
ii. Raj Kumar Shukla was illiterate but resolved .Throw light on this statement.
iii. List the places that Gandhi visited between his first meeting with Shukla and his
arrival at Champaran
iv. What was the attitude of the average Indian in smaller localities toward advocates
of “home rule”?
v. “Freedom from fear is more than legal justice for the poor “.Do you think that the
poor of India are free from fear after independence?
vi. Imagine that Gandhiji meets someone who has given up in life. What advice
would he give to such a person .State any one feature of freedom from the lesson”
Indigo” and relate the advice to it.
Q.4. Answer ANY ONE of the following in 120-150 words: 5
i. Explore the contributions of Gandhi's wife, disciples, and other volunteers in
bringing development to Champaran. How did their involvement support the
journey of self-reliance and courage among the suppressed farmers? Discuss the
collaborative efforts and their impact on the overall theme of the story
ii. Analyse the role of Mahatma Gandhi in the development of self-reliance and
courage among the farmers in Champaran. How did his initiatives, such as
education and health campaigns, contribute to their empowerment? Write a diary
about the significance of Gandhi's emphasis on improving the lives of people in his
politics. You are Rajkumar Shukla.
ANSWERS
i. The usage of the word “weakness “suggests that incapability to sustain and
survive under tough situation or during tough time .The Britishers started to
dominate to Indian considering themselves as weak and incapable in any field
to get any opportunity and favours .
Further dependency on a Englishmen would prove the same for the same thing.
ii. Gandhiji believed no step (like inclusion of Englishman Andrew) of the Indians
should be marked as weakness in the fight to achieve equal status.
iii. D. self-reliant measures
iv. the word ‘unequal fight’
v. Gandhiji said to the Indians that in this unequal fight between haves and have-
nots, the struggle is going to be tough and being independent and fearless one
could be victory. Dependence would again mean slavery and exhibiting qualities
of fear, withdraw and non-confidence.
vi. Prop is suggestive of pillar who is inclined if it did not avail support and it would
also weakness on the part of Indians.
i. D. He is spirited enough to make the Britisher understand that India and its
natural resources are for Indians.
ii. Gandhi’s spirited nature to face all difficulties with a brave face
iii. It is because he is a citizen of the country and can freely reside and take action
against all things which are against Indians
iv. A. serious or concerned
v. Disobedience
vi. C. Disobedience is a way of protest
Q.3. Answer ANY FIVE of the following questions: 2x5
i. The Champaran episode began as an attempt to ease the sufferings of large number
of poor peasants. He got spontaneous support of thousands of people. Gandhi
admits that what he had done was a very ordinary thing. He declared that the British
could not order him about in his own country. Hence, he considered the Champaran
episode as a turning- point in his life.
ii. Rajkumar Shukla is described as being ‘resolute’ because even after being told
about the prior engagements of Gandhi 16 at Cawnpore and other parts across the
county, he does not quit. He continues to accompany Gandhi everywhere.
Furthermore, he persistently asks Gandhi to fix a date for his visit to his native
district of Champaran. His resolution and determination finally impresses Gandhi
and the latter complies with his request.
iii. Gandhi visited Cawnpore, his ashram near Ahemadabad, Calcutta, Patna,
Muzzafarpur before he reached Champaran.
iv. The average Indians in smaller localities were scared to show sympathy for the
advocates of home-rule due to the fear and control instilled by British. They were
not courageous enough to say or act anything against these rulers as they were
afraid of the dire consequences of helping the advocates of home rule. Therefore,
even though there were people or officials who were supportive of people like
Gandhiji were afraid to express their support explicitly.
v. According to Gandhi, freedom from fear is the first step towards self-reliance.
However, it is unfortunate that the poor of the country are not free from fear, even
decades after the independence. Their actions, work, etc. are still under pressure,
they are under the mercy of the bureaucratic system.
vi. If Gandhi were to meet a depressed person he would probably said the following
things.
We all have days when we lose motivation, but when they happen. Don’t be too
hard on yourself .It can be difficult sometimes to judge whether we need to push a
bit harder, or are just banging our head against a wall. Check your purpose, your
chances of success, whether you really have to do it all yourself, and what you're
going to get out of it. Find the balance between being kind to yourself and being
your own boot camp leader! You don't have to wait for motivation to hit you. But
you do have to work to stay on track – take action, organize your goals, and be
diligent with your routine. And be flexible: we often give up on goals because we're
unwilling to compromise our original expectations. Always think about your
"whys" and what you're learning. And when something's not right, feel free to
change direction.
Q.4. Answer ANY ONE of the following questions: 5
i. With Gandhiji’s handpicked squad of great lawyers like Babu Braj Kishore Prasad
and Dr. Anugrah Narayan Sinha, a complete inquiry and assessment of the villages
were done. This accounted for the general state of degenerate living, brutalities,
and terrible episodes of indigo farmer suffering. An ashram was established by
Gandhi established.
He went to several villages. He interrogated and documented the statements of

almost 8,000 peasants. In this way, he was able to fully comprehend their grievance
and the underlying causes. Hundreds of riots from many communities gathered to
express their dissatisfaction with the indigo cultivation system. He concluded that
the cultivators’ illiteracy was among the key reasons why the European planters
were able to control them. Gandhi formed voluntary organizations to improve the
economic and educational situations of the people.
The Bihar Planters’ Association was adamantly opposed to the probe, claiming that
it provided a skewed picture and could incite riots hostility against them. They
requested that Gandhi’s investigation be halted and that, if necessary, the
government itself conduct an unbiased investigation. As public pressure for the
government to establish a Commission of Inquiry grew, the Lieutenant Governor
in Council decided to convene a Committee of Inquiry to investigate and report on
the agrarian situation in Champaran. Gandhiji was named as one of the group’s
members.
ii. BEGINNING OF THE DIARY ENTRY – 5
April….., 19…… time
Today, It was a mesmerizing experience with Gandhiji .It has been 30 days of his
stay here in Champaran……….. 17
- Gandhi saw the educational cultural and social backwardness in the villages
of Champaran and wanted to do something about it immediately.
- he continued his stay in Champaran even after indigo sharecropping
disappeared.
- He appealed to two young men, who were teachers and their wives to
engage volunteers for improving conditions of health and hygiene. Since the
health conditions were miserable in Champaran, Gandhiji got a doctor to
volunteer his services for six months.
- He spread awareness regarding education. Primary schools were opened in
six villages. Kasturbai taught the ashram rules on personal cleanliness and
community sanitation.
- He noticed the filthy state of women’s clothes and asked his wife, Kasturba
to talk to them about it. During his long stay in Champaran Gandhiji also
kept a long distance watch on the ashram. In everything Gandhiji did, he
tried to mould a new free India that could stand on its own feet
CH. 6 - POETS AND PANCAKES

By: Asokamitran
Q.1. Read the given extract and answer the following questions 1x6
The make-up room had the look of a hair-cutting salon with lights at all angles
around half a dozen large mirrors. They were all incandescent lights, so you can
imagine the fiery misery of those subjected to make-up. The make-up department
was first headed by a Bengali who became too big for a studio and left. He was
succeeded by a Maharashtrian who was assisted by a Dharwar Kannadiga, an
Andhra, a Madras Indian Christian, an Anglo-Burmese, and the usual local Tamils.
All this shows that there was a great deal of national integration long before A.I.R.
and Doordarshan began broadcasting programs on national integration.
i. Mention the similarities of the make-up room and a hair-cutting salon.
ii. Describe the fiery misery.
iii. Explain “a great deal of national integration”.
iv. Gemini studio was a symbol of ______
A. National integration
B. Coordination
C. Friendship
D. a world in miniature
v. ‘Antimeria’ is the use of a word in a rare and different grammatical form for a
purpose such as changing nouns to verbs.
Find this literary device used in the extract.
vi. Describe, how can pancakes change one’s personality.
Q.2. Answer the following questions in about 40-50 words each. 2x5
i. Explain ‘the fiery misery’ of those subjected to make-up’.
ii. Mention the example of national integration that the author refers to.
iii. Clarify the ‘office boy’s disappointment.
iv. The author appears to be doing nothing at the studios. Explain.
v. Subbu is described as a many-sided genius. List four of his special abilities
vi. The legal adviser is referred to as the opposite by others. Validate
i. Kothamangalam Subbu was a ‘many-sided genius’ but disappointed. Draft a diary
entry as Subbu elaborating his emotions.
ii. ‘Subbu was a troubleshooter.’ Give an account of Subbu’s qualities of head and
heart.
ANSWERS
Q.1. Read the following extracts and answer the questions that follow: 1x6
i. Many large mirrors and lights at all angles.
ii. There are lights and mirrors in the studio
18
iii. People from corners of the country assembled in the studio
iv. A. National integration
v. Headed.
vi. The people of the make-up branch could change one’s personality with pancakes
Q.2. Answer each of the following in 40-50 words
i. By ‘the fiery misery’ of those subjected to make-up, the writer is trying to throw
light upon the difficulties actors and actresses have to face because of half a
dozen mirrors surrounded with large light bulbs. The bulbs generated a lot of heat
and were definitely not a pleasure for the eyes.
ii. At first, a Bengali was the head of the make-up studio but then he outgrew
Gemini Studios and left it for better opportunities. After him, it was supervised by
a Maharashtrian who was assisted by a Dharwar Kannadiga, an Andhra, a Madras
Indian Christian, an Anglo-Burmese and the usual local Tamils. The fact that
people from different cultures worked together puts forward the post-
independence national integration scenario. It shows that people were united way
before All India Radio and Doordarshan raised the concept.
iii. The ‘office boy’ had the duty of slapping paints on the faces of players at the time
of crowd-shooting. He joined Gemini Studios with a dream of becoming a first-
rate actor, screen-writer or producer.
iv. The author’s job was to cut and collect newspaper clippings or sometimes even
writing them by hand. This was easier and lesser in comparison to what others
were doing at the Studio.
v. Subbu, as a man of many qualities, had the ability to look cheerful at all times,
was an excellent actor who could portray his roles in several ways, was an
accomplished poet, and loved anyone he met.
vi. The legal adviser was referred to as the opposite by others because he once resorted
to blackmailing an actress by recording her while she was throwing tantrums on
the set. This is not considered to be legal, thus he was usually called the opposite.
i. You may begin this way.
“I reflect very often about my dreams and my profession……
It is through the character of Kothamangalam Subbu, that the author depicts a

caricature of the so-called ‘go-getters’ who are not really talented but manage to
create an aura of talent around themselves. Though officially on the rolls of the
Story Department at Gemini Studios, he was always with the boss. Subbu directs
all his energies and creativity to his boss’ advantage. He delves into the various
spheres of film-making successfully giving the impression of being a brilliant
story-writer, a talented actor and a man who is always ready with many solutions
for any problem. He makes the art of film-making appear rather easy for his boss.
Thus, Subbu with his scheming nature takes advantage of his boss’ gullibility and
passes off himself as a multi-sided genius with multi-faceted abilities.
ii. Subbu was a perfectly selfish go-getter whose obsequiousness brought him close
to his boss and shot him to number two position at Gemini Studios. He was a very
conniving person who took advantage of his boss’ gullibility and portrayed himself
as a rather competent and able person. Though he was undeserving and lacked
talent, he always remained cheerful and did not let anything dampen his spirits. He
always had something good to say about everyone. Film-making appeared easy
with an expert like Subbu around. He used all his energy and creativity to his boss’
advantage. Subbu was also a great poet and an amazing actor. He wrote truly
original poems for the masses and as an actor he played secondary roles better than
the main actors. His sycophancy to his boss earned him enemies. Also he angered
many such people who considered themselves much more talented and deserving
than him.
19
CH. 7. THE INTERVIEW
By: Christopher Silvester Umberto Eco
Mukund: Not everyone can do that of course. Your non-fictional writing, your
scholarly work has a certain playful and personal quality about it. It is a marked
departure from a regular academic style — which is invariably depersonalised and
often dry and boring. Have you consciously adopted an informal approach or is it
something that just came naturally to you?
Umberto Eco: When I presented my first Doctoral dissertation in Italy, one of the
Professors said, “Scholars learn a lot of a certain subject, then they make a lot of
false hypotheses, then they correct them and at the end, they put the conclusions.
You, on the contrary, told the story of your research. Even including your trials and
errors.” At the same time, he recognised I was right and went on to publish my
dissertation as a book, which meant he appreciated it.
i. “Not everyone can do that of course.” Substantiate the reference
ii. Mukund’s general opinion about ‘a regular academic style’ is suggestive that
such writings are ____.
iii. The word ‘dissertation’ as discussed in the above extract can also be substituted
with:
A. Disintegration C. Extempore
B. Letter D. Disquisition
iv. What according to you is the tone of the interviewer used in the above extract?
v. Which statement from the text suggests the interviewee’s regular deviation from
previous works?
vi. Pick evidence from the extract that can help in inferring the interviewee’s clarity
of thought.
Q.2. Answer ANY FIVE of the following questions in 40-50 words: 2x5
i. What is the attitude of most celebrates towards interviews? Substantiate with
examples.
ii. Analyse Rudyard Kipling as a man who contradicts his own opinion regarding
interviews.
iii. In spite of the ‘drawbacks’ the interview is a ‘supremely serviceable medium of
communication’. Justify the statement.
iv. Umberto Eco does many things, but says, ‘I am always doing the same thing but
that is more difficult to explain.’ What does he mean to say?
v. Give a short note on Eco’s academic writing style.
vi. Deduce the meaning of the expression “thumbprints on his windpipe.”
Q.3. Answer ANY ONE of the following: 5

i.
ii. Give a pen portrait of Umberto Eco after reading the extract of the interview of
Eco that was taken by Mukund Padmanabhan.
ANSWERS
Q.1. Read the extract and answer the questions that follow: 1x6
i. The style of his writing is unique unlike other academic writings which is
interesting with playful and personal quality to it.
ii. Uninteresting and boring
iii. D. Disquisition
iv. Light-hearted
v. It is a marked departure from a regular academic style
vi. Not everyone can do that of course
Q.2. Answer ANY FIVE of the following questions in 40-50 words : 2x5
i. Most of the celebrity writers despise the interview as an unwarranted intrusion
into their lives or feel that it somehow diminishes them. They consider
themselves as a victim of an interview
20
ii. Rudyard Kipling disliked being interviewed as he believed it is an immoral and
criminal activity to invade into a person's personal life. He also termed interviews
as a cowardly act and that no respectable man would want to be a part of an
interview.
iii. Many celebrities consider the interview ‘an unwarranted intrusion’ in their lives.
But it has become a commonplace feature of journalism. It is a great serviceable
medium of communication. We get the most vivid impressions of our
contemporaries only through interviews. Everything reaches us in the simplest
and true form when one asks questions of another.
iv. Umberto Eco says that he has philosophical interests which reflect in all his
writings, fiction and nonfiction. In this way, he does the same thing, though he
seems to pursue various activities: writing notes for newspapers, teaching novels,
writing essays, children’s books etc.
v. Eco’s academic writing style can be said as a narrative which is personalised and
interesting. Eco’s writing style is not dull and boring like the others.
vi. Thumbprints on his windpipe expresses the blockage to any person’s freedom and
privacy. It can be considered as a suffocation felt by the interviewees
Q.3. Answer ANY ONE of the following: 5
i. Mukund Padmanabhan was a reporter from ‘The Hindu’. In the context of the
chapter, reveal his traits as an interviewer.
Mukund Padmanabhan was surely a successful and well thought-out reporter who
always used to ask answerable and dexterous questions to his interviewees. He used
to plan and prepare to conduct an interview of a celebrity. He never asked ugly or
embarrassing questions and on the other hand, the celebrity whom he interviewed
always seemed to be comfortable with his questions. Through the interviews,
readers not only got the information about the celebrities but many other important
aspects of Mukund’s personality also came in their knowledge. He asked brief and
quality questions to his interviewees scrupulously. He let the interviewees speak in
their own manner and never tried to interrupt or cross-questioned them.
His interviewees used to be free and frank with him. He was always a prepared
interviewer. Mukund, in advance arranged the information and personality traits of
his interviewees and then with full preparations started his sessions. In all we can
say that Mukund Padmanabhan was a disciplined and dedicated interviewer.
ii. ‘The Interview’ is an extract from an interview of Umberto Eco. The interviewer
Padmanabhan helps us know many aspects of his writings, style and ideas. He
emerges as a many-sided genius. Even the novelist David Lodge can’t understand
how Umberto Eco can do all things he does. Eco answers it very modestly.
He only gives the impression of doing many things. Actually, he is doing the same
thing. He pursues his philosophical interests through his academic writings and
novels. Eco himself tells the secret of his success. He feels there a lot of ‘empty
spaces’ in our lives. He calls them ‘interstices’. He works in these empty spaces.
He utilises them to his advantage.
Umberto Eco prefers himself to be called an academician rather than a novelist. He
wrote more than 40 philosophical writings against just five novels. He started
writing novels just by accident and that too at a late age of 50. Modesty and honesty
are the signs of a great writer like Eco. Mukund Padmanabhan asks the reason
behind the huge success of ‘The Name of the Rose’. Umberto honestly replies that
the success of this novel is a mystery even to him. Perhaps, he wrote it at an
appropriate time. Had it been written 10 years before or after, perhaps it wouldn’t
have been such a huge success.
21
Ch. 8. GOING PLACES
By: A. R. Barton
When I leave, Sophie said, coming home from school, I'm going to have a boutique.
Jansie linking arms with her along the street; looked doubtful. Takes money, Soaf
something like that."
I'll find it,' Sophie said, staring far down the street. Take you a long time to save
that much."
Well, I'll be manager then-- yes, of course to begin with, Till I've got enough. But
anyway, I know just how it's all going to look."
They wouldn't make you manager straight off, Soaf."
I'll be Mary Quant,' Sophie said. I'll be a natural. They'll see it from the start. I'll
have the most amazing shop this city's ever seen.'
Jansie, knowing they were both earmarked for the biscuit factory, became
melancholy. She wished Sophie wouldn't say these things.
i. Which of the following would NOT be the example of satire used in the extract?
A. ________________Well I'll be the manager then...
B. ________________I'll be Mary Quant...
C. _________________they were both earmarked for the biscuit factory
D. _________________looked doubtful
ii. Complete the following analogy correctly: -
She has a heart of gold: Metaphor
I’ll be like Mary Quant: _____________
iii. Write the word from the extract which is synonym of desolation.
iv. ……. She wished Sophie wouldn't say these things………
What was the significant thing which Jansie might have wished that Sophie
would not say as per the extract?
v. On the basis of the extract, choose the correct option with reference to (1) and (2)
(1) Sophie and Jansie are talking about their Future Prospects.
(2) Jansie tries to enthuse Sophie to reach her goal.
A. (1) is True but (2) is False.
B. (2) is True but (1) is False
C. (1) is the reason for (2)
D. Both (1) and (2) cannot be inferred from the extract.
vi. List two responses given in the extract which underline Sophie’s poor financial
condition.
Q.2. Answer the following questions in 40-50 words: 2 x5
i. Jansie was a true friend of Sophie. Elaborate.
ii. What are the indicators given in the chapter Going Places, that reveal Sophie’s
socio-economic background?
iii. Describe the story made by Sophie.
iv. Describe the reason for which Sophie liked her brother, Geoff more than any
other person.
v. The story is written in a manner that makes it difficult to point out clearly if
Sophie met Danny Casey or not. Suggest possible reasons for such writing.
vi. Sophie is caught between the world she lives in and the world she wants to live
in. Elucidate.
Q.3. Answer ANY ONE of the following in 120-150 words. 5
i. Danny Casey was just a wild fantasy of Sophie or a wonderful reality. Elucidate.
ii. A mother plays a significant role in a family but in the chapter ‘Going Places’
Sophie’s mother has been portrayed only at one place –busy in doing domestic
chores and there is no dialogue of her mother. Imagine yourself as Sophie’s
mother who is worried about her daughter and wants to guide her. Write a diary
entry expressing her thoughts and concerns. Support your response with reference
to the story.
You may begin this way. Being a mother, 22
I have been working tirelessly……….
ANSWERS
Q.1. Read the extracts and answer the following questions; 1x6
i. D. looked doubtful...
ii. simile
iii. melancholy
iv. Sophie would not fantasize
v. a.(1) is True but (2) is False
vi. a. “Takes money…Take you a long time to save that much.”
b. Jansie, knowing they were both earmarked for the biscuit factory…
Q.2. Answer ANY FIVE of the following questions: 2x5
i. Jansie was a realistic and practical girl. She knew very well about her socio-
economic background and accepted it. Being a true friend of Sophie, she often
reminded her of the reality of their lives. She knew that Sophie lived in the
world of her fantasy. But she always used to discourage her from living in that
world because she knew that it would be disheartening for Sophie.
ii. • Her father had to work really hard to bring up the family members and could
not afford a decent house for them
• Her brother Geoff worked as an apprentice mechanic immediately after
leaving school
• Sophie was earmarked to work in a biscuit factory after completing school
• Her father owned a bicycle
iii. The story “Going Places” was written by A.R. Barton. Sophie was the central
character of the story. She wanted to impress her brother so that she can explore
the world. Sophie said that she met Danny Casey in the arcade while looking at
the clothes in Royce’s window. She asked him if he was Danny Casey. Casey
replied that it was right. They talked to each other. She wanted to take his
autograph for his younger brother Derek but neither of them had a pen. Casey
promised that he would come the next Saturday for giving his autograph.
iv. Sophie relied on her brother Geoff as the one person who would lend an ear to
her imaginative thoughts and treasured aspirations. She had complete faith in
Geoff to safeguard her confidences.
v. The story is written in a way that makes it difficult to determine whether or not
Sophie met Danny Casey because the author wants to create a sense of
ambiguity and suspense. The reader is left to wonder whether Sophie is telling
the truth or whether she is simply fantasizing. This ambiguity allows the reader
to interpret the story in different ways and to reflect on their own dreams and
aspirations.
vi. Sophie's aspirations for a better life contrast starkly with her current
circumstances. She grapples with the disparity between her dreams of a
sophisticated, glamorous world – depicted through her desire for a boutique or a
connection with Danny Casey – and the harsh reality of her family's financial
struggles and limited opportunities.
i. Value points:
Sophie – never met Danny Casey in reality.
Sophie – only saw Casey playing football as a spectator – playing from a
distance.
Sophie – lives in an imaginary world and worshipped a young sports star as a
hero.
Her meeting with Casey – wild fantasy.
Casey stood beside her while she selected clothes.
Casey suggested a meeting in the next week & promised an autograph.
Meeting with Casey – flight of Sophie from one dream to another.
ii. Being a mother, I have been working tirelessly but the members of my family
take me for granted. Every Saturday my husband, my children- Derek Geoff and
Sophie go to watch football match leaving 23
me behind at home to do domestic
chore. They never asked about my wish. I also want to go with them to enjoy
football match of team united, but I am not worried about this. Actually, I am
worried about my daughter Sophie. I have been observing her. Her behaviour has
changed. She is boastful in nature now. She does not accept our reality. I ought
to be firm in my stance, rather than surrendering meekly.
VISTAS
(SUPPLEMENTARY READER)
Ch. 1 – THE THIRD LEVEL
By: Jack Finney
But I have never ever found the corridor that leads to the third level at Grand
Central Station, although I've tried often enough.
Louisa was pretty worried when I told her all about this and didn't want me to
look for the third level any more ,and after while I stopped ; I went back to my
stamps . But now we're both looking, every week end, because now we have proof
that the third level is still there. My friend Sam Weiner disappeared! Nobody
knew where, but I sort of suspected because Sam's a city boy , and I used to tell
him about Galesburg - I went to School there- and he always said he liked the
sound of the place .And that's where he is ,all right .In 1894.
i. Choose the option that Best demonstrates the relevant traits of Charley and
Louisa, respectively, based on the extract provided.
A. reckless and careful
B. inquisitive and caring
C. carefree and inquisitive
D. escapist and loving
ii. " ....because Sam's a city boy, " this means Sam ___________
iii. Charley’s remark “I went back to my stamps “indicated what he was feeling. Pick
the option that correctly states his feelings.
1. disappeared 2. curious
3. resigned 4. incapable
5. inquisitive 6. successful
( a) 2 and 6 (b) 1 and 3

( c) 3 and 5 ( d ) 2 and 4
iv. Charley says, “And that's where he is, all right. In 1894." What does this reveal
about?
Q.2. Answer ANY TWO of the following in about 40-50 words each : 2x2
i. Describe in your own words what you infer from Sam's letter to Charley.
ii. Describe the reason for which Charley could not be convinced by his
distractions that Third Level was only a wish fulfilment.
iii. How does Charley make his description of the third level very realistic?
Q.3. Answer ANY ONE the following in about 120 - 150 words. 5
i. ‘It’s easy to judge others and give advice, but much more difficult to apply it to
ourselves.’ Elaborate with reference to the character of Sam in The Third Level.
ii. The modern life is full of insecurity, fear, worry and stress. We need to
overcome them through different ways. Write a paragraph with reference to The
Third level and express your thoughts about the ways to overcome it
ANSWERS
i. B. Inquisitive and caring
ii. was born and raised in a city
iii. B. 1 and 3 24
iv. Attempt to prove and assert that he was right about the existence of the third
level.
Q.2. Answer ANY TWO of the following questions in 40-50 words. 2x2
i. - Found in the collection of Charlie’s grand father
- Letter confirms that Galesburg is an excellent place to escape from modern
life.
- Sam also inspires Charley and Levisa to keep looking for the third level
ii. – charley argued that his grandfather was into stamp collection even though
fully contented and lived in peaceful times who did not seek such refuge.
- So not convinced by his distraction that third level was only a wish fulfilment
iii. Through his vivid description:
Rooms of the third level smaller fewer ticket window and train gates
information booth was in centre- open flame gas lights and brakes spittoons on
the flour everyone in the station was dressed in nineteenth century dress.
Q.3. Answer ANY ONE of the following questions in 120-150 words. 5

i. In the story "The Third Level," the character of Sam initially expresses scepticism
and doubt about Charley's belief that the third level of the Grand Central Terminal
is a portal to the past. He is quick to judge Charley's claims and to offer rational
explanations for the seemingly impossible phenomenon.
However, as the story progresses, Sam begins to experience a change of heart. He

becomes increasingly fascinated by Charley's obsession with the third level and
begins to wonder if there might be some truth to his friend's claims. Eventually,
Sam himself discovers the third level and travels back in time, confirming
Charley's belief in the process.
Sam's journey in the story highlights the difficulty of applying our own advice
and beliefs to our own lives. Despite his rational mind and scepticism, he
eventually comes to believe in the possibility of time travel and the existence of
the third level. This suggests that it can be much harder to change our own minds
and beliefs than it is to offer advice or solutions to others.
ii. We can overcome the anxieties and insecurities:
- Getting involved in same practical and beneficial activities.
- Cultivating hobbies and spending times with family and friends going on
trips and excursion
- Pursuing meditation and exercise
- Reading good books joining hobby classes
- Attending social activities like birthdays and wedding
- Writing diaries can help us relieve our worries can get rid of stress
boredom and insecurities.
THE TIGER KING
By: Kalki
The State banned tiger hunting by anyone except the Maharaja. A proclamation
was issued to the effect that if anyone dared to fling so much as a stone at a
tiger, all his wealth and property would be confiscated. The Maharaja vowed he
would attend to all other matters only after killing the hundred tigers.
Initially, the king seemed well set to realise his ambition. Not that he faced no
dangers. There were times when the bullet missed its mark, the tiger leapt
upon him and he fought the beast with his bare hands. Each time it was
the Maharaja who won.
25
i. How does the first sentence of the extract take after the activity of the people in
power at present time?
ii. What does the tiger king’s not attending to all other matters of the state
indicate?
iii. The king’s fighting the beast with his bare hands shows
A. he lost his head and heart
B. his false ego replete with sheer recklessness
C. he wanted to prove his skill of fighting
D. his desire to prove his kingly status
iv. Complete the following analogy finding the appropriate word given in the
extract.
outlawed: : banned pronouncement : : --------------------
Q.2. Answer ANY TWO of the following in about 40-50 words each 2 x2
i. What impression do you form of the Tiger King from his steps in saving his
kingdom?
ii. State in what ways the Tiger King was indicative of whims
iii. From that day onwards, it was celebration time for all tigers inhabiting
Pratibandapuram’. Bring out the irony in this statement.
Q.3. Answer ANY ONE OF the following questions in 120-150 words 5

i. Imagine yourself to be one of the hunters in the story ‘The Tiger King’. You have
come to know that The Maharaja is aware of his missing bullet from a reliable
source, puncturing his ego, which really fills you with consuming trepidation that
you may be a victim of his eccentric whims the next day. So, write a diary in 120-
150 words, expressing your feelings of intense apprehension and your plan of
action that may help you the next day to confront the narcissistic, self-centred,
arrogant, selfish and cruel tiger king.
ii. “The operation is successful. The maharaja is dead.” Comment on the irony of
the situation.
ANSWERS
i. It is almost like a sneak peek into the dynamics of authority and how they wield
their influence exhibiting how those with authority sometimes exploit it for
personal gain while imposing restrictions on others- a relevant commentary on
power dynamics, the evidence of which is enough to resemble the selfish motives
of those in power at present time.
ii. The tiger king was a quintessence of sheer carelessness, courting absolute
failure as an effective administrator driven by superstition to be the foe of
keystone species-Tigers.
iii. B. his false ego replete with sheer recklessness
iv. Proclamation
Q.2. Answer the following questions in 40-50 words: 2 marks
each
i. The Tiger King is in dangers of obsession and greed consumed by desire for
power, fame, and wealth, scared of losing his power. He had to spend a ransom
of three lakh rupees to impress the British official and discourage him from
killing the tigers.
ii. The Tiger King kills 70 tigers in 10 years, which brings the species closer to
extinction-uses his authority to tax people according to his whims- marries for the
convenience of killing more tigers-flaunting his wealth.
iii. It was a celebration as killing tigers was banned by the state. It is ironical
because the state head, the Maharaja had full right to kill tigers.
i. Format: Day Date Time
I am quite apprehensive of the light of my life which, I feel, will extinguish
tomorrow. The Maharaja now comes to 26 know that he failed to shoot the hundredth
tiger, which I shot. I did this to save myself from the wrath of the king but now I
cannot escape the doubled wrath of the king, whose ego has been punctured. May
be, I will be hanged tomorrow. But I must try my wit and wisdom to get rid of
this terrible situation. I may die but I think I will raise my voice, which I know,
will hurt the foolish king, who must subject me to the draconian punishment. But
I am sure my words of protest will instil in others with powerful and intellectual
inspiration so that they can start a rebellion against the king to lead a life full of
sheer freedom and uninterrupted happiness.(Any other relevant points/ideas may
be accepted)
ii. The king was sick. Surgeons were called from Madras to treat the Maharaja. The
whole incident is a satire on the life of rich and people in power. Everything in
their life should be grand be it a disease, purchases or treatment. So when the
Maharaja got hurt by a wooden splinter, specialist from Madras were called The
surgeons discussed and debated for some time and decided to operate At the end
of the operation they said the operation was successful but the Maharaja was dead.
As if the procedure was important to them but life had no meaning for them. The
job of doctors is to save people and not highlight the technicalities of the
treatment. But here it was just that,
Poor Maharaja was relegated to a nonentity whose life was not of much
consequences to them.
27
THE JOURNEY TO THE END OF THE EARTH
By-Tishani Doshi
Q.1 Read the given extract and answer the questions. (1x4)
For a sun-worshipping South Indian like myself, two weeks in a place where 90
percent of the Earth’s total ice volumes are stored is a chilling prospect (not just for
circulatory and metabolic functions, but also for the imagination). It’s like walking
into a giant ping-pong ball devoid of any human markers – no trees, billboards,
buildings. You lose all earthly sense of perspective and time here. The visual scale
ranges from the microscopic to the mighty: midges and mites to blue whales and
icebergs as big as countries (the largest recorded was the size of Belgium). Days go
on and on and on in surreal 24-hour austral summer light, and a ubiquitous silence,
interrupted only by the occasional avalanche or calving ice sheet, consecrates the
place. It’s an immersion that will force you to place yourself in the context of the
earth’s geological history. And for humans, the prognosis isn’t good.
i. A chilling prospect refers to-
A. A cold future
B. A dark time ahead
C. A frightening possibility
D. A shivering situation
ii. What makes you lose all earthly sense of perspective and time at Antarctica?
iii. Complete the analogy-
Ubiquitous : silence ::All pervading:_________
iv. Which of the following is the correct meaning of prognosis?
A. Ignorance
B. Outcome
C. Prediction
D. Hindsight
Q.2 Answer the following questions in about 40-50 words each. (2X2)
i. What according to Tishani Doshi is the reason for which Students on Ice
programme has been very successful?
ii. Antarctica is the perfect place to study how little changes in the environment can
have big repercussions. Why?
Q.3 Answer the following question in about 120-10 words. (1X5)
‘A visit to Antarctica is important to realise the effect of global warming’. Justify
the statement in the light of the lesson A Journey to the end of the Earth.
KEY TO ANSWERS
Q.1 i. C. A frightening possibility
ii. No human markers and 24 hour summer light
iii. Noise
iv. C. Prediction
Q.2 i. Value Points- Impossible to be near South Pole and not be affected by- forces
one to think seriously and act for one’s future to avoid disaster.
ii. Value Points- Simple ecosystem- lack of bio-diversity- clearly visible effect of
modernisation and global warming.
Q.3 Value Points- 90 percent of world’s ice present here- ice melting means deluge in
other parts of the world-scenes of collapsing ice shelves- glaciers retreating-
Phytoplankton getting affected by depletion of ozone layer – any other relevant
point.
THE ENEMY
By- Pearl S. Buck
“You are well”, Sadao agreed. He lowered his voice. “You are so well that I think
if I put my boat on the shore tonight, with food and extra clothing in it, you might
be able to row to that little island not far from the coast. It is so near the coast that
it has been worth fortifying. Nobody lives 28 on it because in storm it is submerged.
But this is not the season of storm. You could live there until you saw a Korean
fishing boat pass by. They pass quite near the island because the water is many
fathoms deep there.”
The young man stared at him, slowly comprehending. ‘Do I have to?’ he asked.
“I think so,” Sadao said gently. “You understand-it is not hidden.....
i. Which traits of Dr. Sadao are highlighted when he arranges food and clothing and
other things for the P.O.W (White Man) to escape?
A. A kind and compassionate person
B. An experienced sailor
C. A good event organiser
D. A good advisor
ii. Identify the speaker’s tone in the expression, “Do I have to?” is: -
A. Pleading
B. Irritated
C. Commanding
D. Fearful and doubtful
The phrase “But this is not the season of storm.” Suggests that____________.
iv. Which of the following headlines best suggests the central idea of the extract?
A. A friend in need is a friend indeed.
B. Survival of the fittest.
C. Humanity vs Patriotism
D. Impact of war in the human minds.
Q.2 Answer the following questions in about 40-50 words.
i. The chapter ‘The Enemy’ explains beautifully the difference between humanity
and patriotism. Elucidate the statement with reference to the text.
ii. What forced Dr. Sadao to be impatient and irritable with his patient? Justify
describing the incident.
Q.3 Answer the following question in about 120-150 words.
There are moments in life when we must make hard choices between our roles as
private individuals and as citizens with a sense of loyalty to the nation. As Dr.
Sadao, write a diary entry, expressing the thought that humanity is higher to
Patriotism. You may begin this way.
I have served my country since my return from America. My feelings for the
Americans during my stay in America had not changed…
KEY TO ANSWERS
Q.1 i. A. A kind and compassionate person
ii. D. Fearful and doubtful
iii. The island will not be submerged and is safe to hide
iv. C. Humanity vs Patriotism
Q.2 i. Value Points- Both humanity and patriotism beautifully portrayed- Sadao is
patriotic- treats POW as a doctor but informs the General about the POW as a
patriot- avoids emotional attachment with POW- his humanity becomes more
demanding than his patriotism due to the casual actions of the General.
i. Value Points- As he was not able to help his wife when she was vomiting –
could not bear the stress on his wife due to the presence of the white man
Q.3 Value Points- Didn’t have a great appreciation for the Americans during my stay
in America - just seriously pursued my studies- more than the duty of a doctor
towards a patient, my feeling for another helpless man forced me to take the
American home and save his life – as a patriot informed the General- the selfish
and casual attitude of the General made me reconsider my decision- the American
could have attacked my family members- may be his humanity stopped him- my
humanity overpowered my patriotism as I think, helping him escape would not
make me a traitor.
ON THE 29 FACE OF IT
By- Susan Hill
Mr. Lamb: I'm not fond of curtains. Shutting things out, shutting things in. I like
the light and the darkness, and the windows open, to hear the wind.
Derry: Yes, I like that. When it's raining, I like to hear it on the roof.
Mr Lamb: So you're not lost, are you? Not altogether? You do hear things. You
listen.
Derry: They talk about me. Downstairs, when I'm not there. "What'll he ever do?
What's going to happen to him when we've gone? However will he get on in this
world Looking like that? With that on his face? That's what they say.
i. Mr. Lamb talks about light and darkness. Why does he tell Derry about it?
1. To explain that light is better than darkness and should be valued.
2. To emphasize that God has made these things to be enjoyed by one and
all.
3. To highlight his personal preferences and impose them on Derry.
4. To remind Derry that all aspects of life should be enjoyed irrespective of
any situation in life.
(a) 1&2
(b) 2&3
(c) 1&4
(d) 2&4
ii. Mr.Lamb's tone when he says, 'I'm not fond of curtains, shutting things out,
shutting things in" is _____
iii. "So you're not lost, are you? Not altogether?
What does Mr. Lamb want to do through this statement?
iv. The following statement is close to Derry's feelings when he says, "They talk
about me. Downstairs, when I'm not there. 'What'll he ever do?"
Statement: Derry's anguish when he hears his parents talk about him.
(True/False)
Q.2 Answer the following questions in about 40-50 words. (2X2)
i. Derry says "I 'm not afraid..... People are afraid of me.". How does Lamb react to
it, and why?
ii. How does Derry try to convince his mother that he must go back to Mr. Lamb?
The lesson “On the Face of it” is an apt depiction of the loneliness and sense of
alienation experienced by people on account of a disability. Explain.
KEY TO ANSWERS
Q.1 i. (d)
ii. reflective
iii. Mr. Lamb wants to make Derry realise that he also has feelings like normal
people
iv. True
Q,2 Value Points
i.-Lamb says that Derry is afraid of people, he wants to avoid them
-should accept the world as it is.
ii. -Mr. Lamb tells him the things that really matter to him and they are not related
to his face. Derry wants to go to him because he likes the place where Lamb lives
He wants to help him This is why he tries to convince his mother about his
decision to go to Mr Lamb
Q.3 Value Points
A disabled person is often neglected and shabbily treated -The actual pain caused
by disability is often much less than the sense of alienation felt by him. A person
with physical impairment expects to be treated nicely. He wants hope and
encouragement for a meaningful life - If he is given freedom to decide his own
30
course of life, he will feel hopeful and confident.
MEMORIES OF CHILDHOOD
By- Zitkala Sa and Bama
Q.1 Read the given extract and answer the questions. (1X4)
I cried aloud, shaking my head all the while until I felt the cold blades of the
scissors against my neck, and heard them gnaw off one of my thick braids. Then I
lost my spirit. Since the day I was taken from my mother I had suffered extreme
indignities. People had stared at me. I had been tossed about in the air like a
wooden puppet. And now my long hair was shingled like a coward's! In my
anguish I moaned for my mother, but no one came to comfort me. Not a soul
reasoned quietly with me, as my own mother used to do; for now I was only one
of many little animals driven by a herder.
i. How would you describe the author's tone when she says, "I was only one of many
little animals driven by a herder"?
a) austere
b) apathetic
c) dismal
d) resentful
ii. Choose the correct option with reference to the two statements given below.
Statement 1: The author had been subjected to humiliation when she was
separated from her mother.
Statement 2: Nobody was able to ease her distress and empathise with her.
a) Statement 1 is true but Statement 2 is false.
b) Statement 1 is false but Statement 2 is true.
c) Both Statement 1 and Statement cannot be inferred from the passage
d) Both Statement 1 and Statement 2 can be inferred from the passage
iii. Then I lost my spirit'. Choose the option that DOES NOT refer to 'spirit'.
1. resolve
2. energy
3. determination
4. Indifference
5. enthusiasm
6. will power
a) 1, 2 and 5
b) 2,4 and 6
c) 1, 3 and 6
d) 3, 4 and 6
iv. Look at the given clues on certain books. Which of the following conveys the idea
of the extract?
Option 1: So you want to talk about race
Option 2: Can I touch your hair?
Option 3: The hate you give
Option 4: Stamped from the beginning
a) Option 1
b) Option 2
c) Option 3
d) Option 4
i. 'For now I was one of many little animals driven by a herder! What compels the
author to make this remark?
ii. Why was Zitkala-Sa terrified by the information that was delivered to her by
Judewin?
Injustice meted out so commonly to the weaker sections of society leaves a deep
and lasting impression on the minds of children. Justify this statement based on
your understanding of ‘Memories of Childhood’
KEY TO31ANSWERS
Q.1 i. Answer: C
ii. Answer: D
iii. Answer: C
iv. Answer: D
Q,2 Value Points
i. Zitkala-Sa was a Native American- her hair was cut short despite the fact that
long hair was a distinct part of her cultural identity- eventually realised that she,
along with the rest of the Native Americans, were considered to be no better than
animals who had no choice
ii. Judewin understood a few words of English and had overheard the paleface
woman making plans to cut their hair- Zitkala-Sa was terribly disturbed by the
information as her mother had told her that shingled hair was only worn by
cowards and short hair by mourners
Q.3 Value Points
Memories of Childhood' consists of two autobiographical accounts written by
authors living in a different time, across different countries and cultures - despite
these differences, both stories connect at a human level highlighting the dishonour
and injustice suffered by both authors at a young age- one of the stories is by a
Native American author Zitkala-Sa who fought the repressive atmosphere within a
British boarding school, the other is by a Tamil Dalit writer Bama who agonises
over the way her people are treated within the society - Zitkala-Sa's fight to keep
her hair, a symbol of her identity, and Bama's emotional turmoil when she first
understood the concept of untouchability were events that led them to pen these
stories in their later years - effectively highlights the fact that injustice, oppression
and exploitation in any form cannot escape being noticed, especially by children,
and that it leaves a lasting impact throughout their lives
MY MOTHER AT 66
By- Kamala Das
....and felt that old
familiar ache, my childhood’s fear,
but all I said was, see you soon, Amma,
all I did was smile and smile and smile …
i. Choose the option that best demonstrates the relevance of the phrase “childhood’s
fear” based on the extract provided.
A. fear of death and decay
B. fear of whipping
C. fear of loss
D. epistemology of destruction
ii. What does the use of the phrase “all I said…” suggest about the poet’s parting
words?
iii. Select the statement that is NOT TRUE with reference to the poet’s parting
words.
A. she is anxious about her mother’s deteriorating health
B. she falls short of words to convey her true feelings
C. she was thinking about the epistemology of loss
D. poet’s parting words reveal her fear
iv. State whether the given statement is TRUE or FALSE.
In the phrase “smile and smile,” smiles are merely a deliberate attempt to hide her
real fears.
v. “See you soon, Amma”, in this phrase what underlying message does the poet
want to convey to her mother?
vi. Complete the sentence appropriately.
The phrase “old familiar ache” refers to ______________
32
i. In the poem My Mother at Sixty-Six if the poet would have revealed her true
feelings to her mother while parting, how different might be the impact of the
poem on the readers?
ii. The narrative style used by Kamala Das in this poem signifies a particular aspect
of thoughts of the poet. Comment.
Imagine the mother gets to know of the poet’s personal fears. Write a letter, as the
mother, telling the daughter why she must not dwell on these fears.
You may begin this way:

Pallipuram
Cochin, Kerala
27Nov. XXXX
My dear Kamala
I am writing to you because when you left me at the airport, I felt
something wasn’t right. Judging by how little you spoke that day
………….(continue)………
With love Amma
KEY TO ANSWERS
Q,1 i. A
ii. She wants to say a lot of things but she falls short of words to convey her true
feelings.
iii. C
iv. True
v. Hope and optimism
vi. The agony and pain of separation from her mother that the poet felt in her
childhood, as she feared that she might lose her mother
Q.2 i. Value Points- mother not aware of her daughter’s true feelings – readers do not
expect any reaction from her – but with this ending readers would be left in
anticipation of the mother’s response/ reaction
ii. Value Points- the poem consists of a single thread of thought – mixed with
harsh realities of human life
Q.3 Value Points- The cycle of life- the phases and stages of life- the process of
growing up and the common problems of old age like loneliness, boredom,
inability to sleep, dementia and health related issues – everyone goes through the
same stages of life-inevitable part of life- acceptance of situations and changes as
they come.
KEEPING QUIET
By- Pablo Neruda
Q.1 Read the following extract and answer the questions. (1X6)
“ Those who prepare green wars,
Wars with gas, wars with fire,
Victory with no survivors,
Would put on clean clothes
And walk about with their
Brothers
In the shade doing nothing.”
i. Which figure of speech is used in the third line of the given extract?
33
1. Simile
2. Paradox
3. Hyperbole
4. Alliteration
5. Metaphor
Choose the most appropriate option.

(i) Only 2
(ii) 2 and 3
(iii) 1, 4 and 5
(iv) Only 3
ii. Identify the phrase from the extract that suggests the following.
Those people who are involved in destructing our mother earth.
iii. What quality of the people can be inferred from the given extract?
(i) Destructive people (ii) Constructive people
(iii) Eco-friendly people (iv) Peaceful people
iv. Complete the following analogy correctly.
A Thing of Beauty: John Keats :: Keeping Quiet : ______________
given below.
(1) The poem calls for change as much in the individual as human society at large.
(2) Green wars mean to be calm and to plant more trees.
(i) (1) is true but (2) is false.

(ii) (2) is true but (1) is false.
(iii) (2) can be inferred from (1).
(iv) (2) is the reason of (1)
vi. Fill in the blank with an appropriate word, with reference to the extract. The irony
in ...victory with no survivors' is if no one is left to enjoy the glory of triumph, the
victory is rendered ______________.

i. What advice does the poet give to the war-mongers?
ii. “If we were not so single minded”
What does the poet mean by the statement?
Keeping quiet is essential for the sustenance of humanity. Justify the statement
with reference to the poem.
KEY TO ANSWERS
Q.1 i. (ii) 2 and 3
ii. Those who prepare green wars
iii. (i) Destructive people
iv. Pablo Neruda
v. (i) (1) is true but (2) is false.
vi. Meaningless / useless.
Q.2 i. Value points- War brings destruction – should shed all our ill-will,
hatred/malicious nature – develop feelings of brotherhood- find time from our
busy life and be a part of nature
ii. Value points - in the suffocating rate-race for amassing wealth we have
forgotten ourselves and become very selfish in our intentions
34
Q.3 Value points- Pablo Neruda’s ‘Keeping Quiet’ is a beacon of light in the dreary
desert where humanity gropes in darkness. It is like a lighthouse for the ship lost
in the fathomless sea. This must be an eye-opener for the modern man who is a
part of suffocating rat-race for survival. In the poem the poet requests the
humanity to take a break from this competitive world as the meaning of life is lost
in the process of amassing wealth. The break will provide us the time for self-
introspection and we will realize that we are the children of same God and tied in
the string of universal brotherhood. The break will make us understand the futility
of war and we are killing our own people. This will help us establish peace and
happiness in the world.
A THING OF BEAUTY
By- John Keats
A thing of beauty is a joy forever

Its loveliness increases, it will never
Pass into nothingness; but will keep
A bower quiet for us, and a sleep
Full of sweet dreams, and health, and quiet breathing.
i. Which of the following themes is best represented in the given extract?

A. The power of imagination of an artist
B. The transformative power of beauty that provides solace and joy
C. The immortality of art and literature
D. The inevitability of death
ii. State whether the given statement is TRUE or FALSE, with reference to the
extract.
By portraying beauty as a source of inspiration and consolation, the poet conveys
the message that it is essential for individuals to seek and appreciate the beauty
only in the world of imagination.

The poet uses "bower" as a symbol to represent natural beauty because.
iv. The use of the phrase "a joy forever" creates a powerful image of beauty that
___________________________________.
v. Based on the poem’s rhyme scheme, evident in lines 1-5, of the given extract,
which words would rhyme with line 5?
Immortality, pleasing, nothingness
vi. Select the option that is NOT true about The poem A thing of Beauty:
A. Beauty leaves an indelible imprint on our heart and soul.
B. Beauty of a thing never truly fades away.
C. Beauty is fleeting and can be preserved indefinitely
D. Beauty brings eternal happiness and delight
i. Keats has used literary devices such as imagery and symbolism in "A Thing of
1.
Beauty" to create a vivid image that contribute to the overall meaning of the poem.
What might be the impact on the reader if the narration were more factual than
imagery?
ii. How might the message of the poem, A Thing of Beauty be different, if the
following three lines were omitted?
And such too is the grandeur of the dooms
We have imagined for the mighty dead;
All lovely tales that we have heard or35 read:
John Keats celebrates beauty in all its perspectives. It‘s not the physical world or
nature but the human nature too which plays a vital role in this modern times to
heal our wounds. Beauty can be appealing by someone's personality traits, a
thoughtful deed or kind words. Imagine you are to deliver a speech in the morning
assembly as the school counsellor on the topic ― Human Beauty and its healing
effects. Write the speech in about 120-150 words as per your understanding of the
poem ‘A thing of Beauty‘.
You may begin like this-
A very good morning to one and all present in this morning assembly. Beauty is
not physical, but spiritual. It is eternal. It is most powerful force that binds us to
this world.
KEY TO ANSWERS
Q.1 i. B-the transformative power of beauty that provides solace and joy
[In the extract the concept of beauty is portrayed as a transformative and
uplifting force that brings solace, joy, and inspiration to individuals )
ii. FALSE
(The poet conveys the message that it is essential for individuals to seek and
appreciate the beauty not only in the world of imagination but in every form
seen in this earth.
iii. it suggest the power of nature to inspire and rejuvenate the human spirit. The
"bower" symbolizes a place of refuge and tranquillity .
iv. that transcends time and continues to bring joy even as time passes / brings
eternal happiness and delight
v. pleasing [rhymes with breathing , which is the last word of line 5]

vi. C .beauty is fleeting and can be preserved indefinitely
(beauty is not short lived and yet cannot be preserved indefinitely)
Q.2 Value Points

i. .If more factual than imagery, the impact on the reader would likely be less
emotional and engaging as :
- Symbols & images help readers connect with the experience with nature on a
deeper level.
- allow readers to visualize the scene in their minds and feel like they are a part of
it. .
-In "A Thing of Beauty," the poet employs vivid imagery and symbolism to
enhance the reader's understanding and emotional connection to the poem.
- They create a visual representation of the beauty found in nature that further
emphasizes the theme. The imageries represent an ideal realm of beauty and
happiness that exists within the imagination.
ii. Value points-
If the mentioned three lines were omitted, the poem would not have rightly
reflected the theme of beauty that revolves around its transient nature and its
ability to bring joy and solace to our lives.
- The poem emphasizes that beauty can be found in various forms, such as in
nature and art. The poet suggests that beauty has the power to provide lasting
happiness. It not only showcases the beauty present in the natural world but also
in the world of magnificent creative art ,architecture ,monuments which attracts,
inspire & rejuvenates generations forever.
-Without the image of grandeur of the dooms, lovely tales, art & creativity, the
portrayal of beauty in the poem would have been incomplete
36
Q.3 Value Points
A very good morning to one and all present in this morning assembly.
Beauty is not physical, but spiritual. It is eternal. It is most powerful force that
binds us to this world..
Today, I stand before you to talk about a topic that is often regarded as superficial
but holds immense power and significance in our lives: human beauty and its
healing impact. In a world that is filled with challenges and hardships, beauty has
the ability to uplift our spirits, inspire hope, and bring solace to our souls.
Human beauty encompasses far more than just physical appearances. It transcends
the outer layers and resides deep within us, radiating through our actions, words,
and attitudes. It is the kindness in a stranger's smile, the compassion in a friend's
embrace, and the genuine love and care that we extend to one another.
Beauty has a remarkable healing impact on our lives. It has the power to mend
broken hearts, soothe troubled minds, and provide comfort in times of sorrow.
When we appreciate and embrace beauty, we find ourselves transcending the
confines of our troubles, even if only momentarily. It offers us a reprieve from the
weight of the world, allowing us to rejuvenate and heal.
Moreover, beauty fosters connection and unity among individuals.. It is a universal
language that speaks to the depths of our souls, reminding us of our shared
humanity. Whether it is through a shared appreciation for art, music, or the simple
act of acknowledging one another's intrinsic worth, beauty brings people together
and creates a sense of belonging.By recognizing and nurturing the beauty within
ourselves and others, we can cultivate a culture of compassion, empathy, and
understanding. We have the power to create a ripple effect of positivity, spreading
healing and light to those around us.
So, let us never dismiss the importance of beauty in our lives. Let us seek it out,
appreciate it, and create it in our interactions with others. Let us be agents of
healing, using the power of beauty to uplift and inspire. Together, we can make
the world a more beautiful place, one act of kindness, one expression of love, and
one moment of awe-inspiring beauty at a time.
Thank you.
A ROADSIDE STAND
By- Robert Frost
Q.1. Read the given extract and answer the questions. (1x6)
It is in the news that all these pitiful kin
Are to be brought out and mercifully gathered in
To live in villages, next to the theatre and the store,
Where they won’t have to think for themselves anymore,
While greedy good-doers, beneficent beasts of prey’
Swarm over their lives enforcing benefits
That are calculated to soothe them out of their wits,
And by teaching them how to sleep they sleep all day
Destroy their sleeping at night the ancient way
i. What is the tone of the poet in the above lines?

(a) aggressive
(b) tolerant
(c) sarcastic
(d) resigned
(e) sentimental
Choose the most appropriate option.
a. Only (a)
b. (b) and (c)
c. (a), (d) and (e)
37
d. Only (c)
ii. Identify the phrase from the extract, that suggests the following-
No one bothers to take ‘their’ consent before pushing the promise of a better life,
their way.
iii. Which quality of the villagers can be inferred through these lines?
a. gullible
b. futuristic
c. hypocritical
d. ambitious
iv. Complete the following analogy correctly. Do NOT repeat from used example.
greedy good doers : alliteration : : ______________ : oxymoron
given below.
1. The city dwellers make promises for the betterment of the villagers.
2. The city dwellers have ulterior motives.
a. 1 is true but 2 is false
b. 2 is true but 1 is false
c. 2 is the reason for 1
d. Both 1 and 2 cannot be inferred from the extract
vi. Fill in the blank with an appropriate word, with reference to the extract.
‘......calculated to soothe them out of their wits’ implies that ‘them’ are being
_____________________________.
i. Towards the end of the poem, why does the poet seek an unrealistic solution for
the poor people's distress even through earlier he had blamed them for their
'childish longing in vain'
ii. Comment on the significance of the symbol of car in the poem ‘A Roadside
Stand’.

Imagine a car stops and actually buys from the roadside stand. Keeping in mind
the reaction you think the peasants would have, write a diary entry as the farmer
describing not only your immediate experience but also your after-thoughts on
being able to earn 'city-money'.
KEY TO ANSWERS
Q.1 i. d. Only (c)
ii. enforcing benefits
iii. a. gullible
iv. iv. beneficent beasts of prey
v. c. 2 is the reason for 1
vi. manipulated/fooled/duped (any one)
Q.2 i. Value Points- The poet, unlike the greedy good-doers, genuinely wishes to get
the poor people out of their pain, poverty, and endless miseries but he is sad and
helpless to see that there is no one to help them come out of their poverty. This
helplessness drives the poet to seek an unrealistic solution for poor people's
misery.
ii. Value Points- The symbol of the car in the poem "A Roadside Stand"
represents urbanization, modernity, and progress. It contrasts with the traditional
rural life depicted by the roadside stand, emphasizing the impact of urbanization
on the simplicity and authenticity of the countryside.
38
Q.3 Value Points- Personal experience of a rural peasant- thanks God- smells the city
money- touches it on his head- expresses satisfaction- nurtures hopes of getting
another passer-by- makes planning for a little celebration- special dishes prepared-
prepares for the next day- squeal of brakes, rushes out of the shed- folds hands- car
stops- asks direction- car hurtled down the road- farmer still hopes to get a
customer whom he regards next to God.
AUNT JENNIFER’S TIGERS
By- Adrienne Rich
When Aunt is dead, her terrified hands will lie
Still ringed with ordeals she was mastered by.
The tigers in the panel that she made
Will go on prancing, proud and unafraid.
i. Aunts married life is full of——- and ————
ii. The unpleasant experience of aunt reflects that
A. She was dominated by the tigers and was denied freedom
B. She was forced to live in the world of green
C. The wedding band was uncomfortable
D. She was dominated by her husband and was denied freedom.
iii. Jennifer made the tigers to —————
iv. . The tigers were different from her in nature as
A. Aunt Jennifer was meek and submissive whereas the tigers were strong and
courageous
B. Aunt Jennifer was strong and courageous whereas the tigers were meek and
submissive
C. They were not different at all
D. Aunt Jennifer was meek and submissive whereas her husband was strong and
courageous
v. Complete the analogy-
scared: terrified:: tribulation :———-
vi. Find the word from the stanza, which means same as ‘dominated’
i. The poet uses the image of ‘fingers fluttering through the wool’ to highlight Aunt
Jennifer’s victimisation. Explain.
ii How is Aunt Jennifer different from her tigers?
In a predominantly male dominated society, women have been facing oppression
from time to time. Analyse the changes that have been brought about in the society
for uplifting the position of women, like Aunt Jennifer
KEY TO ANSWERS
Q.1 i. hardships and ordeals
ii. D
iii. to express her desire for freedom
iv. A
v. ordeals
vi. mastered
Q.2 i. Value Points- Aunt Jennifer is a victim of gender oppression.

- She lives a life of total domination and constant fear.
- She feels nervous and terrified
- Her hands shake and flutter through her wool as she sits down to knit.
39
ii. Value Points- Aunt Jennifer is terrified weak, and unsure of herself. She is
burdened by her married life. Living a life on her own terms is a far-fetched dream
for her. However the Tigers are proud, free, dauntless and sure of themselves.
Q.3 Value Points- The girl child’s education should be given importance
Women are not given equal opportunities equal to men in life, whether it is
upbringing, education or employment. Society should change so that women are
treated equally to men. Women should be empowered to take their own decisions
in life.
********
40

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LITERATURE SECTION

v. What suggestion did the speaker give to the listener?

You may begin like this:

vi. Fill in the blanks with a suitable word. 1

A. He is a dynamic in his way and would listen when taken a decision.

“Superintendent’s messenger overtook him…….”

A. My friend overtook me and showed me he spoke better than me

He went to several villages. He interrogated and documented the statements of

CH. 6 - POETS AND PANCAKES

It is through the character of Kothamangalam Subbu, that the author depicts a

Q.3. Answer ANY ONE of the following: 5

( a) 2 and 6 (b) 1 and 3

Q.3. Answer ANY ONE of the following questions in 120-150 words. 5

However, as the story progresses, Sam begins to experience a change of heart. He

Q.3. Answer ANY ONE OF the following questions in 120-150 words 5

You may begin this way:

Choose the most appropriate option.

(i) (1) is true but (2) is false.

Q.2 Answer the following questions in about 40-50 words. (2X2)

A thing of beauty is a joy forever

i. Which of the following themes is best represented in the given extract?

iii. Complete the sentence appropriately.

v. pleasing [rhymes with breathing , which is the last word of line 5]

Q.2 Value Points

i. What is the tone of the poet in the above lines?

Q.3 Answer the following question in about 120-150 words. (1X5)

Q.2 i. Value Points- Aunt Jennifer is a victim of gender oppression.

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