“Of Judicature” by Sir Francis Bacon is an essay that delves into the role and characteristics of judges and

the administration of justice. Here is a more detailed summary of the essay:

1. **Introduction**: Bacon begins by highlighting the importance of the judiciary in maintaining

order and justice in society. He believes that the function of judges is vital to the well-being of
the state.

2. **Qualities of a Good Judge**: Bacon emphasizes the qualities that a good judge should
possess. These include wisdom, experience, integrity, and a deep understanding of human
nature. A judge should be well-versed in the law and have the ability to make impartial
decisions.

3. **Independence and Impartiality**: The essay stresses the importance of judges being
independent and impartial. Judges should not be influenced by personal biases, external
pressures, or bribes. They should be like “lions” in their courage to uphold the law and like
“lambs” in their discretion and fairness.

4. **Interpretation of Law**: Bacon discusses the correct interpretation and application of the law.
Judges should have a deep understanding of legal principles and ensure that justice is done,
even if it means deviating from a strict application of the law in certain cases.

5. **Equity**: Bacon introduces the concept of equity, which allows judges to provide relief when
strict application of the law would lead to injustice. This discretionary power is a crucial aspect of
a judge’s role.

6. **Prevention of Corruption**: The essay touches upon the issue of corruption among judges
and warns against it. Judges should be incorruptible and maintain the highest standards of
integrity.

7. **Judiciary as a Pillar of the State**: Bacon underscores that the judiciary is one of the pillars of
the state. The efficiency and integrity of the judicial system are essential for the well-being and
stability of the nation.
 8. **Historical and International Examples**: Bacon supports his arguments by referencing
historical and international examples of just and unjust judiciaries. He cites examples from
Roman law, where a group of senators were selected to be judges, and from other nations to
illustrate various judicial systems.

In “Of Judicature,” Bacon emphasizes that judges should be wise, impartial, and incorruptible, serving as
both protectors of the law and champions of justice. He discusses the nuances of interpreting and
applying the law, the Importance of equity, and the significance of maintaining the integrity of the
judicial system. Ultimately, he sees a strong and impartial judiciary as a cornerstone of a just and stable
society.