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24 - Folyamatos Igeidők, Statikus Igék, Folyamatos Jelen
24 - Folyamatos Igeidők, Statikus Igék, Folyamatos Jelen
Ha a magyarban ki akarjuk fejezni ezt a jelentésárnyalatot, többnyire az „épp/éppen” szót tesszük bele a
mondatba. (Ez az angolban nem kell, mert a folyamatos igealak pontosan ezt váltja ki.)
A magyarban jellemző, hogy ezt a hosszan tartósságot úgy különböztetjük meg a mozzanatosságtól (l.
egyszerű igeidők), hogy nem teszünk igekötőt az igéhez, vagy ha van igekötő, azt nem az ige elé, hanem
mögé tesszük.
(v.ö.: Lehunytam a szemem. → egy pillanatig tartott→ angolban: egyszerű igeidő: I closed my eyes.)
pl. Ezen a héten egy szállodában lakom. (I am living in a hotel this week.)
– folyamatos jelen
A múlt héten szállodában laktam. (I was living in a hotel last week.)
– folyamatos múlt
A jövő héten szállodában fogok lakni. (I will be living in a hotel next week.)
– folyamatos jövő
EGYSZERŰ vs. FOLYAMATOS SZEMLÉLET - TÁBLÁZATBAN
EGYSZERŰ FOLYAMATOS
● szokásos, valamilyen gyakorisággal ● a szokásostól eltérő, ideiglenes cselekvés
ismétlődő cselekvés
I play football every day. I am living in a hotel this week.
↔
I played football every day. I was living in a hotel last week.
I will play football every day. I will be living in a hotel next week.
Néhány időhatározó időtartamot, időhosszt határoz meg. Ezek mellett sokszor jellemző a
folyamatos igeforma.
ALAKJA
A folyamatos jelen segédigéje: E/1: AM; E/3: IS; E/2, T/1, T/2, T/3: ARE
Ezt használjuk kijelentő, állító mondatokban és kérdezéskor, valamint tagadáskor is!
Ehhez kapcsolódik az adott ige (főige) –ING-es alakja. Tehát:
ÖSSZEVONÁS:
- Az „is” és „are” segédige a „not” tagadószóval összevonható, az „am” viszont nem!:
pl. He is not writing. = He isn’t writing. We are not sleeping = We aren’t sleeping.
- Ha az ige néma –e-re végződik, az –ing toldalék előtt ez az –e kiesik. pl. come → coming
- Ha az ige ie-re végződik, az –ing toldalék előtt ez az –ie –y-ra változik. pl. die → dying; lie → lying
A magyarban előfordulhat:
● egyetlen pillanatig tartó (mozzanatos) - az ’éppen’ időhatározó
jelenbeli esemény - nincs igekötő, vagy az ige után áll
And now he drinks it. ↔ - folyamatosságra utaló képző
(És most megissza.) - folyamatos jelentésű rokon értelmű szó
- az irányultság megadásához hozzátett „felé” (pl.
A magyarban jellemző az igekötő (az ige előtt). Álltam felfelé.)
STATIKUS IGÉK
Míg a legtöbb igének lehet folyamatos vagy egyszerű alakja is a szituációtól függően, a
statikus igéknek nem szoktuk a folyamatos alakját használni (nagyon kivételes esetektől
eltekintve).
A statikus igék legfontosabb csoportjai:
pl. This fish tastes awful! (Ennek a halnak rossz íze van.)
1. 2. 3. 4.
give flowers paint the fence read a story make a doghouse
to his mother to his sister
5. 6. 7. 8.
sit on his father’s give a balloon do the shopping walk his dog
knee to his daughter
1. He – a cigarette (smoke)
2. We – tea (drink)
3. Mary – to the shop (go)
4. They – here (come)
5. She – an English paper (read)
6. John – in the garden (work)
7. I – an apple (eat)
8. You – at the table (sit)
9. Eve – a letter (write)
10. Ann – tea (make)
3) Look at the pictures and give short answers. If your answer is ’no’, give the right
activity.
“at the bus stop”' ; “a man” ; ”a bus” ; “(for) a taxi” ; “in front of the cinema” ; “two ladies”
1. What’s Helen doing? 2. What’s Vivian doing? 3. What’s Peter doing? (go 4. What are the policemen
(watch TV) (phone – Robert) – to Liana’s house) doing? (watch – the man)
5. What’s the cat doing? 6. What are Robert and 7. What are Mr. And Mrs. 8. What is Anna doing?
(sit – on the floor) Helen doing? (wait – at Brown doing? (wash – (have –orange juice)
the bus stop) their car)
7) Write the questions (1-6) and the answers (a-f) in the Present Continuous then match
the questions to the responses.
1. Why (you read) my letter? a) she (not shut) it, she (open) it.
2. Why (Melissa shut) the window? b) I (not read) your letter, I (look) at the stamp
3. What (you do) with my mobile phone? on the envelope.
4. (your sister buy) a chocolate ice- c) I (not make) a phone call, I (send) a text
cream? message.
5. (your friends play) football? d) No, they (not play) football, they (play)
6. Why (Sheila dance) on the table? volleyball.
e) She (not dance), she (sing) her new song!
f) No, she (not buy) a chocolate ice-cream, she
(buy) a coffee one.
1. Anya alszik.
2. Sok ember áll a buszmegállóban.
3. Néhányan a felhőket nézik, mások pedig fütyörésznek.
4. Linda épp a barátjával beszélget.
5. Mit esztek? Csak teát iszunk és rágót rágunk.
6. Tom könyvet olvas, én pedig nevetek, mert fejjel lefelé tartja a könyvet. (fejjel lefelé=
upside down)
7. Helen és Robert épp reggeliznek.
8. Kinek telefonálsz?
9. Miért nem írod a leckédet?
10. Hány fiú focizik pillanatnyilag?
9) Write DON’T, DOESN’T, ISN’T, AREN’T or AM NOT in the blank space in each
sentence.
11) Write down the appropriate present form of the verb in brackets.
smell
class, but today she _________________________(sit) in
Do
the front row.
10. ________you ___________________(smell) gas? I
_______________(think) the new stove
_________________________(leak).
11. "Where are you?" "I __________________________(sit) in the
kitchen." "What ________you _______________________(do) there?"
"I __________________(help) mother."
12. ________you __________________________(wash) your hands before
every meal?
13. Why ________you ________________________(wear) a coat this
morning? I never ________________________(wear) one till October.
14. Joan ______________________(still do) her homework. Her sister, who
__________________________(always work) quicker, _____________________(play)
in the garden.
15. She ___________________________ (not understand) you.
16. Why ________ you__________________(look) at me like that?
17. I ________________________(never go) to school at the weekends.
18. Where ________ your friend _______________(live)?
19. She _____________________(wait) for her friend at present.
20. I _____________________(like) dogs very much.
21. I can hear that your dog _______________________(bark).
22. Tony _________________________(never write)
me.
23. I ____________________(not understand)
Mathematics but I _________________ (like)
Physics.
24. Where _______ you ________________(go) now?
25. Mick ______________________(always watch) TV in the
evenings.
26. Why _______ she ______________ (wash) her clothes in
this dark bathroom?
Because there ______________(be) no light.
27. What ________ Paul and Tom ___________________(do) in the
garden?
28. It is Saturday night. Laura and Molly ______________________
(want) to go to the disco. Laura _____________________(stand) in
front of the mirror. She _____________________(want) to look
beautiful. Molly ________________(be) in the bathroom. She
____________________(brush) her hair. Their friends
________________(be) in the disco, they _________________(wait) for them
but they ____________________(still be) at home.
12) Translate the following sentences into English.
2)
1. He is smoking a cigarette. 6. John is working in the garden.
2. We are drinking tea. 7. I am eating an apple.
3. Mary is going to the shop. 8. You are sitting at the table.
4. They are coming here. 9. Eve is writing a letter.
5. She is reading an English paper. 10. Ann is making tea.
3)
1. No, she isn’t. She is relaxing / sitting in an armchair and she is drinking tea.
2. No, he isn’t. He is reading a newspaper.
3. No, he isn’t. He is having a shower.
4. Yes, they are.
5. Yes, he is.
4)
It’s the Rush Hour
A lot of people are standing at the bus stop. A man is running to the bus stop. Others are waiting at the crossing.
A bus is coming round the corner. A lady is waiting for a taxi. A young man and a girl are standing in front of
the cinema. A lot of people are looking at the shop windows. Two ladies are coming out of a shop.
5)
Where are a lot of people waiting?
Who is running to the bus stop?
What is coming round the corner?
What is a lady waiting for?
Where are a young man and a girl standing?
Who are (/is) coming out of a shop?
6)
1. She is watching TV. 5. It is sitting on the floor.
2. She is phoning Robert. 6. They are waiting at the bus stop.
3. He is going to Liana’s house. 7. They are washing their car.
4. They are watching the man. 8. She is having orange juice.
7)
2. – a Why is Melissa shutting the window? She is not shutting it, she is opening it.
3. – c What are you doing with my mobile phone? I am not making a phone call, I am sending a text message.
4. – f Is your sister buying a chocolate ice-cream? No, she is not buying a chocolate ice-cream, she is buying a
coffe one.
5. – d Are your friends playing football? No, they are not playing football, they are playing volleyball.
6. – e Why is Sheila dancing on the table? She is not dancing, she is singing her new song!
8)
1. Mum is sleeping.
2. A lot of people are standing at the bus stop.
3. Some people are watching the clouds, and others are whistling.
4. Linda is talking to his friend.
5. What are you eating? We are just drinking tea and chewing bubble gums.
6. Tom is reading a book and I am laughing because he is holding the book upside down.
7. Helen and Robert are having breakfast.
8. Who are you phoning?
9. Why aren’t you writing your homework?
10. How many boys are playing football at the moment?
9)
1. aren’t 4. aren’t 7. isn’t 10. don’t
2. don’t 5. isn’t 8. doesn’t
3. don’t 6. doesn’t 9. don’t
10)
1. is bringing 4. is making 7. grows 10. is running
2. often listens 5. gives 8. are building
3. are writing 6. is reading 9. drinks
11.
11)
1. She goes to school every day.
2. The sun always shines in Egypt.
3. It often rains in winter.
4. It is raining now.is cooking some food in the kitchen at present; she always cooks in the morning.
5. The sun rises in the east; now it is setting and night is falling.
6. That man in the white hat who is walking past the window lives next door.
7. Architects make the plans of buildings.
8. She usually sits at the back of the class, but today she is sitting in the front row.
9. Do you smell gas? I think the new stove is leaking.
10. "Where are you?" "I am sitting in the kitchen." "What are you doing there?" "I am helping mother."
11. Do you wash your hands before every meal?
12. Why are you wearing a coat this morning? I never wear one till October.
13. Joan is still doing her homework. Her sister, who always works quicker, is playing in the garden.
14. She doesn’t understand you.
15. Why are you looking at me like that?
16. I never go to school at the weekends.
17. Where does your friend live?
18. She is waiting for her friend at present.
19. I like dogs very much.
20. I can hear that your dog is barking.
21. Tony never writes me.
22. I don’t understand Mathematics but I like Physics.
23. Where are you going now?
24. Mick always watches TV in the evenings.
25. Why is she washing her clothes in this dark bathroom?
26. Because there is no light.
27. What are Paul and Tom doing in the garden?
28. It is Saturday night. Laura and Molly want to go to the disco. Laura is standing in front of the mirror. She
wants to look beautiful. Molly is in the bathroom. She is brushing her hair. Their friends are in the disco,
they are waiting for them but they are still at home.
12)
1. Paul usually drinks coffee but today he is drinking tea.
2. The last train always leaves from the station at 11.30.
3. I always buy milk but my dog never drinks it.
4. I go to Great Britain every year.
5. It is getting colder and colder.
6. Why are you looking at me like that?
7. I want to talk to you.
8. What does this word mean?
9. I like playing the guitar but now I am listening to the radio.
10. My uncle is not a journalist but now he is writing an article.