Bicol University

INSTITUTE OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION, SPORTS AND

RECREATION
Legazpi City

BADMINTON
HISTORY

 Badminton could be traced back to more than 2000 years ago to the ancient game called
Battledore (bat or paddle) and Shuttlecock (also called “bird” or “birdie”), similar games
were played for centuries across Greece, Egypt, China, India, and Japan.
 The game was called “poona” in India during the 18th century.
 British military officers stationed there became interested and the game was taken back to
England in 1860’s where the rules of badminton were set out.
 Isaac Spratt, a London toy dealer, published a booklet, Badminton Battledore - a new game in
1860.
 The new sport was launched in 1873 at the Badminton House, Gloucestershire, owned by the
Duke of Beaufort. Until 1887, the sport was played in England under the rules that prevailed
in India.
 The Bath Badminton Club standardized the rules and made the game applicable to English
ideas.
 In 1893, the Badminton Association of England published the first set of rules similar to
today's rules.
 The International Badminton Federation (IBF) (now known as Badminton World Federation)
was established in 1934 with Canada, Denmark, England, France, the Netherlands, Ireland,
New Zealand, Scotland, and Wales as its founding members. India joined as an affiliate in
1936.
 The first All-England championship for men was held in 1899 and in 1900 the pioneer
tournament for women was arranged.
 In Philippines, it was in the 1920 when British and American expatriates introduced
badminton in the country.
 In 1952, the Philippine Badminton Association (PBA) was created and became the first
national badminton group, organized by 28 badminton clubs.
 Badminton became a demo sport at the Munich Olympics in 1972.
 Since 1992, badminton has been an Olympic sport. At that time, only singles and doubles
were listed.
 By 1996, Mixed Doubles was included in the Atlanta
Olympic Games,

EQUIPMENT

RACKET

• Badminton racquets are light, with top quality racquets

weighing between 79 and 91 grams including the strings.
 • They are composed of many different materials ranging from carbon fiber composite (graphite
reinforced plastic) to solid steel, which may be augmented by a variety of materials.
• The racket shall be a frame not exceeding 680 mm in overall length and 230 mm in overall width
consisting of the main parts.
• The handle is the part of the racket intended to be gripped by a player.
• The stringed area is the part of the racket with which it is intended that a player hits the shuttle.
• The head bounds the stringed area.
• The shaft connects the handle to the head and the throat connects the shaft to the head.
• The throat connects the head to the shaft.

SHUTTLECOCK

• The shuttle shall be made of natural and / or synthetic materials. From whatever material the
shuttle is made, the flight characteristics generally shall be similar to those produced by a natural
feathered shuttle with a cork base covered by a thin layer of leather.
• The shuttle shall have 16 feathers fixed in the base.
• The feathers shall have a uniform length between 62 mm to 70 mm when measured from the tip
to the top of the base.
• The tips of the feathers shall lie on a circle with a diameter from 58 mm to 68 mm.
• The base shall be 25 mm to 28 mm in diameter and rounded on the bottom.
• The shuttle shall weigh from 4.74 to 5.50 grams.

COURT AND COURT EQUIPMENT

• The court shall be a rectangle

marked out with lines 40 mm wide.
• The posts shall be 1.55 meters in
height from the surface of the court
and shall remain vertical when the
net is strained.
• The net shall be made of fine cord of
dark color and even thickness with a
mesh of not less than l5 mm and not
more than 20 mm.
• The net shall be 760 mm in depth
and at least 6.1 meters wide.
• The top of the net shall be edged
with a 75 mm white tape doubled
over a cord or cable running through
the tape.
• The top of the net from the surface
of the court shall be 1.524 meters at
the centre of the court and 1.55
meters over the side lines for
doubles.

TOSS

• Before play commences, a toss shall

be conducted and the side winning
the toss shall exercise the choice in
either :
 • to serve or receive first;
• to start play at one end of the court or the other.
• The side losing the toss shall then exercise the remaining choice.

SCORING SYSTEM

• A match shall consist of the best of three games, unless otherwise arranged.
• A game shall be won by the side which first scores 21 points.
• The side winning a rally shall add a point to its score.
• If the score becomes 20-all, the side which gains a two point lead first, shall win that game.
• If the score becomes 29-all, the side scoring the 30th point shall win that game.

CHANGE OF ENDS

• Players shall change ends:

• at the end of the first game;
• at the end of the second game, if there is to be a third game; and
• in the third game when a side first scores 11 points.
•

SERVICE

• the server and the receiver shall stand within diagonally opposite service courts without touching
the boundary lines of these service courts;
• some part of both feet of the server and the receiver shall remain in contact with the surface of the
court in a stationary position from the start of the service until the service is delivered;
• the server's racket shall initially hit the base of the shuttle;
• the whole shuttle shall be below the server's waist at the instant of being hit by the server's racket.
• the shaft of the server's racket at the instant of hitting the shuttle shall be pointing in a downward
direction;
• the movement of the server's racket shall continue forward from the start of the service until the
service is delivered ;

SERVICE COURT ERRORS

• A service court error has been made when a player:

• has served or received out of turn; or
• has served or received from the wrong service court;
• If a service court error is discovered, the error shall be corrected and the existing score shall
stand.

FAULTS

• if a service is not correct if in play, the shuttle:

• lands outside the boundaries of the court
• passes through or under the net;
• fails to pass over the net;
• touches the ceiling or side walls;
• touches the person or dress of a player;
• touches any other object or person outside the court;
• is caught and held on the racket and then slung during the execution of a stroke;
• is hit twice in succession by the same player.
 • is hit by a player and the player's partner successively; or
• touches a player's racket and does not travel towards the opponent's court;
• if, in play, a player:
• touches the net or its supports with racket, person or dress;
• invades an opponent's court over the net with racket or person
• invades an opponent's court under the net with racket or person.
• obstructs an opponent, i.e. prevents an opponent from making a legal stroke where the shuttle is
followed over the net;
• if a player is guilty of flagrant, repeated or persistent offences.

LETS
It shall be a "let, if:
• the server serves before the receiver is ready
• during service, the receiver and the server are both faulted;
• after the service is returned, the shuttle is:
• caught on the net and remains suspended on its top, or
• after passing over the net is caught in the net;
• during play, the shuttle disintegrates and the base completely separates from the rest of the
shuttle;
• in the opinion of the umpire, play is disrupted or a player of the opposing side is distracted by a
coach;
• a line judge is unsighted and the umpire is unable to make a decision; or
• any unforeseen or accidental situation has occurred.
• When a "let" occurs, play since the last service shall not count and the player who served last
shall serve again.

SHUTTLE NOT IN PLAY

• it strikes the net or post and starts to fall towards the surface of the court on the striker's side of
the net;
• it hits the surface of the court; or
• a "fault" or a "let" has occurred.

CONTINUOUS PLAY

• Play shall be continuous from the first service until the match is concluded.
• Intervals:
• not exceeding 60 seconds during each game when the leading score reaches 11 points; and
• not exceeding 120 seconds between the first and second game, and between the second and third
game shall be allowed in all matches.

OFFICIALS AND APPEALS

• The Referee shall be in overall charge of the tournament or event of which a match forms part.
• The umpire, where appointed, shall be in charge of the match, the court and its immediate
surrounds. The umpire shall report to the Referee.
• The service judge shall call service faults made by the server should they occur.
• A line judge shall indicate whether a shuttle landed "in" or "out" on the line(s) assigned.

An umpire shall:

• uphold and enforce the Laws of Badminton and, especially, call a "fault" or a "let" should either
occur;
 • give a decision on any appeal regarding a point of dispute, if made before the next service is
delivered;
• ensure players and spectators are kept informed of the progress of the match;
• appoint or replace line judges or a service judge in consultation with the Referee;
• where an appointed official is unsighted, carry out that official's duties or play a "let";
BASIC SKILLS

 GRIP

Benefits of a good grip;

• More powerful smashes
• More accurate net shots and serves
• Stronger smash defense, and ready for both sides
• Deceptive strokes

Forehand Grip/V-Grip

Backhand Grip/Thumb Grip

 SERVICE

Flick / Backhand Serve

Forehand Serve

 BASIC BADMINTON STROKES

 Forehand Stroke

 Backhand Stroke

• Drive

• Dropshot

Hairpin Dropshot

Cross Court Dropshot

Overhead Dropshot

Underhand Dropshot

• Clear
 Underhand Clear

Overhead Clear

Backhand Clear

Underhand Backhand Clear

• Smash

 FOOTWORK

TERMINOLOGIES

Alley - Extension of the court by l 1/2 feet on both sides for doubles play.
Attack - Usually means smashing everything and forcing your opponent to make mistakes.
Back alley - Area between the back boundary line and the long service line for doubles.
Backcourt - Back third of the court, in the area of the back boundary lines.
Backhand - Usually hit on the other side of your forehand. Some players think they can get away without
having to play backhand shots. The backhand was invented precisely for such players.

Baseline - Back boundary line at each end of the court, parallel to the net.
Carry - An illegal tactic, also called a sling or throw, in which the shuttle is caught and held on the
racquet and then slung during the execution of a stroke.
Center or base position - Location in the center of the court to which a singles player tries to return after
each shot.
Center line - Line perpendicular to the net that separates the left and right service courts.
Clear - A shot hit deep to the opponent's back boundary line. The high clear is a defensive shot, while the
flatter attacking clear is used offensively.
Deception and disguise - Deception is usually preceded by disguise. If you cannot tell whether the other
guy is going to execute a clear, smash or drop, he has good deception.
Defend - Usually means lifting and returning smashes and drops.
Drive - A fast and low shot that makes a horizontal flight over the net.
Drop - A shot hit softly and with finesse to fall rapidly and close to the net on the opponent's side.
Fault - A violation of the playing rules, either in serving, receiving, or during play.
Feather - Goose feather. Makes great shuttle.
Flick - A quick wrist and forearm rotation that surprises an opponent by changing an apparently soft shot
into a faster passing one; used primarily on the serve and at the net.
Footwork - The way you move about on court is called footwork. Good footwork makes you look
graceful and allows you to get to shots with the least amount of movement, and that equates to efficiency.
Fluke - Shot that is hit by the racquet frame and end up winning a point inadvertently. Also called a lucky
shot.
Forecourt - Front third of the court, between the net and the short service line.
Forehand - The forehand was invented for those who don't have a backhand. See backhand.
Grip - The way you hold a racguet is called grip. There are different grips for different strokes. Grip is
also what you use to wrap your handle with. Grip is also what's felt when you are moving back and forth
on the court. Some surfaces provide better grip than others.
Hairpin net shot - Shot made from below and very close to the net with the shuttle rising, just clearing
the net, and then dropping sharply down the other side. The shuttle's flight approximates the shape of a
hairpin.
Halfcourt shot - A shot hit low and to midcourt, used effectively in doubles against the front-and-back
formation.
Half smash - A half smash is not a half-hearted shot. It is a deliberate toned down smash, usually
executed with a slice of the racquet to slow down the speed of the shuttle, causing it to fall quickly short
of the short service line..
Let - A legitimate cessation of play to allow a rally to be replayed.
Long service line - In singles, the back boundary line. In doubles a line 2 l/2 feet inside the back
boundary line. The serve may not go past this line.
 Match - A series of games to determine a winner.
Midcourt - The middle third of the court, halfway between the net and the back boundary line.
Mine - Similar to I got it.
Net shot - Shot hit from the forecourt that just clears the net and drops sharply.
Power - Power is measured in how hard and fast you can smash a shuttle. 100 to 150 mph - you're okay.
150 to 200mph - you're pretty powerful. 200 to 250 mph - you should consider training for the Grand Prix
tourneys.
Push shot - Gentle shot played by pushing the shuttle with little wrist motion, usually from net or
midcourt to the opponent's midcourt.
Racquet - Instrument used by player to hit shuttlethingy. Weight: About 3 ounces. Length: about 27
inches. Made of: Ceramic, graphite, or boron frame; sheep-gut or synthetic string.
Rally - Exchange of shots while the shuttle is in play.
Rubber - A rubber set is the third and deciding set of a 3 set match.
Serve or service - Stroke used to put shuttlethingy into play at the start of each rally.
Service court - Area into which the serve must be delivered. Different for singles and doubles play.
Service over - Means exactly that. Your service is over, and it's now your opponent to serve.
Short service line - The line 6 l/2 feet from the net which a serve must reach to be legal.
Smash - Hard-hit overhead shot that forces the shuttle sharply downward. Badminton's primary attacking
stroke.
Speed and stamina - Training is about speed and stamina. The reason for speed and stamina is so that
you can hit powerful shots faster, and more of them than your opponent without keeling over to puke after
each rally.
Straight sets - When you win in straight sets, it means you have beaten your opponent in 2 sets, straight.
Tendinitis - An inflammatory joint condition that all badminton players suffer from, sooner or later.
Tram lines - The area between the doubles side boundary lines and the singles side boundary lines.
Warm up - Other than the conventional stretching or moving about to get the blood flowing, warming up
also consists of hitting the shuttle in various ways with a partner or opponent for a few minutes before
actual play begins.
Wood shot - Shot that results when the frame of the racquet hits the base of the shuttle. Once illegal, this
shot was ruled acceptable by the International Badminton Federation in 1963.
Walk over - When a player is unable to play or did not show up for a match, it's a walk over.
Wrist - A necessary anatomical part if you want to excel in badminton.

ANNOUNCEMENTS AND INTRODUCTIONS

1.1 ‘Ladies and Gentlemen:

1.1.1 on my right, ...... (player name), ...... (country name), and on my left, ...... (player name), ......(country name);

1.1.2 on my right, ...... (player names), ...... (country name), and on my left ….. (player names), ......(country name)

1.1.3 on my right, ….. (country / team name), represented by ….. (player name), and on my left, …..(country/team

name), represented by ….. (player name); or

1.1.4 on my right, ….. (country / team name), represented by ….. (player names), and on my left, …..

(country / team name), represented by ….. (player names)

1.2.1 ...... (player name) to serve; or

1.2.2 ...... (country/team name) to serve;

1.3.1 ...... (player name) to serve to ...... (player name);

1.3.2 ...... (player name) to ...... (player name);’

To be used in the order shown in the table below, as appropriate:

Event Singles Doubles

Individual 1.1.1, 1.2.1 1.1.2, 1.3.1

Team 1.1.3, 1.2.2 1.1.4, 1.2.2, 1.3.2

2. Start of match and calling the score

2.1 ‘Love all’

2.2 ‘Play’

2.3 ‘Service over’

2.4 ‘Interval’

 not exceeding 60 seconds during each game when the leading score reaches 11 points; and
 not exceeding 120 seconds between the first and second game, and between the second and
thirdgame shall be allowed in all matches.

2.5 ‘Court ... ’ (number) ‘20 seconds’

2.6 ‘... game point ... ’ e.g. ‘20 game point 6’, or ‘29 game point 28’

2.7 ‘... match point ... ’ e.g. ‘20 match point 8’, or ‘29 match point 28’

2.8 ‘... game point all’ e.g. ‘29 game point all’

2.9 ‘… match point all’ e.g. ‘29 match point all’

2.10 ‘Game’

2.11 ‘First game won by ...... ’ (in team championship, use name of country / team) ‘ ... ’ (score)

2.12 ‘Second game’

2.13 ‘Second game won by ...... ’ (in team championship, use name of country / team) ‘ ... ’ (score)

2.14 ‘One game all’

2.15 ‘Final Game’

3.GeneralCommunication

3.1 ‘Come here for the toss’

3.2 ‘Who will serve?’

3.3 ‘Choose your end’

3.4 Who will receive?’

3.5 ‘Are you ready?’

3.6 ‘Ready to play’

3.7 ‘Place your bag properly in the basket’

3.8 ‘Serve from …’

3.9 ‘Receive in …’

3.10 ‘Right service court’

3.11 ‘Left service court’

3.12 ‘You missed the shuttle during service’

3.13 ‘The receiver is not ready’

3.14 ‘You attempted the return of service’

3.15 ‘You must not influence the line judge’

3.16 ‘You must not influence the service judge’

3.17 ‘Come here’

3.18 ‘Is the shuttle OK?’

3.19 ‘Test the shuttle’

3.20 ‘Change the shuttle’

3.21 ‘Do not change the shuttle’

3.22 ‘Play a let’

3.23 ‘Change ends’

3.24 ‘You did not change ends’

3.25 ‘You served from the wrong service court’

3.26 ‘You received from the wrong service court’

3.27 ‘You served out of turn’

3.28 ‘You received out of turn’

3.29 ‘You must not interfere with the shuttle’

3.30 ‘The shuttle passed through the net’

3.31 ‘The shuttle did not pass over the net’

3.32 ‘The shuttle touched you’

3.33 ‘You touched the net’

3.34 ‘A shuttle came on the court’

3.35 ‘You are standing in the wrong service court’

3.36 ‘You distracted your opponent’

3.37 ‘Your coach distracted your opponent’

3.38 ‘You hit the shuttle twice’

3.39 ‘You slung the shuttle’

3.40 ‘You invaded your opponent’s court’

3.41 ‘You obstructed your opponent’

 3.42 ‘Are you retiring?’

3.43 ‘Fault – receiver’

3.44 ‘Service fault called’

3.45 ‘Service delayed, play must be continuous’

3.46 ‘You must not delay the game’

3.47 ‘You left the court without permission’

3.48 ‘Play is suspended’

3.49 ‘ ...... ’ (name of player) ‘warning for misconduct’

3.50 ‘ ...... ’ (name of player) ‘fault for misconduct’

3.51 ‘ ...... ’ (name of player) ‘disqualified for misconduct’

3.52 ‘Fault’

3.53 ‘Let’

3.54 ‘Out’

3.55 ‘Line judge – signal’

3.56 ‘Service judge – signal’

3.57 ‘Correction IN’

3.58 ‘Correction OUT’

3.59 ‘Wipe the court’

3.60 ‘Coach leave the court’

3.61 ‘Switch off your mobile phone’

4. End of Match

4.1 ‘Match won by ...... ’ (name of player/team) ‘...’ (scores)

4.2 ‘...... ’ (name of player/team) ‘retired’

4.3 ‘...... ’ (name of player/team) ‘disqualified’

References:

 Mosston, M. & Ashworth, S. (2002). Teaching Physical Education (6th Ed.) Toronto
 Chen, G., & Chen, C. (2008). Coaching Badminton 101. Coach Choices/Healthy Learning, Ca: Monterey.
 Badminton Handbook, Training - Tactics – Competition, Bernd-Volker Brahms,
 Badminton for Beginners, Ralph Ballou
 BWF HANDBOOK II (Laws of Badminton & Regulations)