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Badminton
History
 The game was called “poona” in India during the 18 th century.
 British military officers stationed there became interested and the game was
taken back toEngland in 1860’s where the rules of badminton were set out.
 Isaac Spratt, a London toy dealer, published a booklet, Badminton Battledore - a
new game in 1860.
 The new sport was launched in 1873 at the Badminton House, Gloucestershire,
owned by the Duke of Beaufort. Until 1887, the sport was played in England
under the rules that prevailed in India.
 The Bath Badminton Club standardized the rules and made the game applicable
to English ideas.
 In 1893, the Badminton Association of England published the first set of rules
similar to today's rules.
 The International Badminton Federation (IBF) (now known as Badminton World
Federation) was established in 1934 with Canada, Denmark, England, France,
the Netherlands, Ireland, New Zealand, Scotland, and Wales as its founding
members. India joined as an affiliate in 1936.
 The first All-England championship for men was held in 1899 and in 1900 the
pioneer tournament for women was arranged.
 In Philippines, it was in the 1920 when British and American expatriates
introduced badminton in the country.
 In 1952, the Philippine Badminton Association (PBA) was created and became
the first national badminton group, organized by 28 badminton clubs.
 Since 1992, badminton has been an Olympic sport with five events: men's and
women's singles, men's and women's doubles, and mixed doubles, in which each
pair is a man and a woman.

Equipment
RACKET

• Badminton racquets are light, with top quality racquets weighing between 79 and
91 grams including the strings.
• They are composed of many different materials ranging from carbon fiber
composite (graphite reinforced plastic) to solid steel, which may be augmented by
a variety of materials.
• The racket shall be a frame not exceeding 680 mm in overall length and 230 mm
in overall width consisting of the main parts.
• The handle is the part of the racket intended to be gripped by a player.
• The stringed area is the part of the racket with which it is intended that a player
hits the shuttle.
• The head bounds the stringed area.

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• The shaft connects the handle to the head and the throat connects the shaft to
the head.

SHUTTLECOCK

• The shuttle shall be made of natural and / or synthetic materials. From

whatever material the shuttle is made, the flight characteristics generally shall
be similar to those produced by a natural feathered shuttle with a cork base
covered by a thin layer of leather.
• The shuttle shall have 16 feathers fixed in the base.
• The feathers shall have a uniform length between 62 mm to 70 mm when
measured from the tip to the top of the base.
• The tips of the feathers shall lie on a circle with a diameter from 58 mm to 68
mm.
• The base shall be 25 mm to 28 mm in diameter and rounded on the bottom.
• The shuttle shall weigh from 4.74 to 5.50 grams.
•
COURT AND COURT EQUIPMENT

• The court shall be a rectangle marked out with lines 40 mm wide.

• The posts shall be 1.55 meters in height from the surface of the court and
shall remain vertical when the net is strained.
• The net shall be made of fine cord of dark color and even thickness with a
mesh of not less than l5 mm and not more than 20 mm.
• The net shall be 760 mm in depth and at least 6.1 meters wide. The top of the
net shall be edged with a 75 mm white tape doubled over a cord or cable
running through the tape.The top of the net from the surface of the court shall
be 1.524 meters at the centre of the court and 1.55 meters over the side lines
for doubles.

TOSS

• Before play commences, a toss shall be conducted and the side winning the
toss shall exercise the choice in either :

• to serve or receive first;

• to start play at one end of the court or the other.
• The side losing the toss shall then exercise the remaining choice.
SCORING SYSTEM

• A match shall consist of the best of three games, unless otherwise arranged.
• A game shall be won by the side which first scores 21 points.
• The side winning a rally shall add a point to its score.
• If the score becomes 20-all, the side which gains a two point lead first, shall
win that game.
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• If the score becomes 29-all, the side scoring the 30th point shall win that
game.

CHANGE OF ENDS

• Players shall change ends:

• at the end of the first game;
• at the end of the second game, if there is to be a third game;
and
• in the third game when a side first scores 11 points.

SERVICE

• the server and the receiver shall stand within diagonally opposite service
courts without touching the boundary lines of these service courts;
• some part of both feet of the server and the receiver shall remain in contact
with the surface of the court in a stationary position from the start of the
service until the service is delivered;
• the server's racket shall initially hit the base of the shuttle;
• the whole shuttle shall be below the server's waist at the instant of being hit by
the server's racket.
• the shaft of the server's racket at the instant of hitting the shuttle shall be
pointing in a downward direction;
• the movement of the server's racket shall continue forward from the start of
the service until the service is delivered ;

SERVICE COURT ERRORS

• A service court error has been made when a player:

• has served or received out of turn; or
• has served or received from the wrong service court;
• If a service court error is discovered, the error shall be corrected and the
existing score shall stand.

FAULTS 

• if a service is not correct if in play, the shuttle:

• lands outside the boundaries of the court
• passes through or under the net;
• fails to pass over the net;
• touches the ceiling or side walls;
• touches the person or dress of a player;
• touches any other object or person outside the court;

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• is caught and held on the racket and then slung during the execution of a
stroke;
• is hit twice in succession by the same player.
• is hit by a player and the player's partner successively; or
• touches a player's racket and does not travel towards the opponent's court;
• if, in play, a player:
• touches the net or its supports with racket, person or dress;
• invades an opponent's court over the net with racket or person
• invades an opponent's court under the net with racket or person.
• obstructs an opponent, i.e. prevents an opponent from making a legal stroke
where the shuttle is followed over the net;
• if a player is guilty of flagrant, repeated or persistent offences.

LETS
It shall be a "let, if:
• the server serves before the receiver is ready
• during service, the receiver and the server are both faulted;
• after the service is returned, the shuttle is:
• caught on the net and remains suspended on its top, or
• after passing over the net is caught in the net;
• during play, the shuttle disintegrates and the base completely separates from
the rest of the shuttle;
• in the opinion of the umpire, play is disrupted or a player of the opposing side
is distracted by a coach;
• a line judge is unsighted and the umpire is unable to make a decision; or
• any unforeseen or accidental situation has occurred.
• When a "let" occurs, play since the last service shall not count and the player
who served last shall serve again.

SHUTTLE NOT IN PLAY 

• it strikes the net or post and starts to fall towards the surface of the court on
the striker's side of the net;
• it hits the surface of the court; or
• a "fault" or a "let" has occurred.

CONTINUOUS PLAY  

• Play shall be continuous from the first service until the match is concluded.
• Intervals:
• not exceeding 60 seconds during each game when the leading score reaches
11 points; and
• not exceeding 120 seconds between the first and second game, and between
the second and third game shall be allowed in all matches.

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OFFICIALS AND APPEALS

• The Referee shall be in overall charge of the tournament or event of which a

match forms part.
• The umpire, where appointed, shall be in charge of the match, the court and
its immediate surrounds. The umpire shall report to the Referee.
• The service judge shall call service faults made by the server should they
occur.
• A line judge shall indicate whether a shuttle landed "in" or "out" on the line(s)
assigned.

An umpire shall:

• uphold and enforce the Laws of Badminton and, especially, call a "fault" or a
"let" should either occur;
• give a decision on any appeal regarding a point of dispute, if made before the
next service is delivered;
• ensure players and spectators are kept informed of the progress of the match;
• appoint or replace line judges or a service judge in consultation with the
Referee;
• where an appointed official is unsighted, carry out that official's duties or play
a "let";

BASIC SKILLS
 GRIP

Benefits of a good grip;

• More powerful smashes
• More accurate net shots and serves
• Stronger smash defense, and ready for both sides
• Deceptive strokes

Forehand Grip/V-Grip

Backhand Grip/Thumb Grip

 SERVICE

Flick / Backhand Serve

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Forehand Serve

 BASIC BADMINTON STROKES

• Forehand Stroke

• Backhand Stroke

• Drive

• Dropshot

Hairpin Dropshot

Cross Court Dropshot

Overhead Dropshot

Underhand Dropshot

• Clear

Underhand Clear

Overhead Clear

Backhand Clear

Underhand Backhand Clear

• Smash

 FOOTWORK

TERMINOLOGIES
Alley - Extension of the court by l 1/2 feet on both sides for doubles play.
Attack - Usually means smashing everything and forcing your opponent to make
mistakes.
Back alley - Area between the back boundary line and the long service line for
doubles.
Backcourt - Back third of the court, in the area of the back boundary lines.
Backhand - Usually hit on the other side of your forehand. Some players think they
can get away without having to play backhand shots. The backhand was invented
precisely for such players.

Baseline - Back boundary line at each end of the court, parallel to the net.
Carry - An illegal tactic, also called a sling or throw, in which the shuttle is caught
and held on the racquet and then slung during the execution of a stroke.

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Center or base position - Location in the center of the court to which a singles
player tries to return after each shot.
Center line - Line perpendicular to the net that separates the left and right service
courts.
Clear - A shot hit deep to the opponent's back boundary line. The high clear is a
defensive shot, while the flatter attacking clear is used offensively.
Deception and disguise - Deception is usually preceded by disguise. If you cannot
tell whether the other guy is going to execute a clear, smash or drop, he has good
deception.
Defend - Usually means lifting and returning smashes and drops.
Drive - A fast and low shot that makes a horizontal flight over the net.
Drop - A shot hit softly and with finesse to fall rapidly and close to the net on the
opponent's side.
Fault - A violation of the playing rules, either in serving, receiving, or during play.
Feather - Goose feather. Makes great shuttle.
Flick - A quick wrist and forearm rotation that surprises an opponent by changing an
apparently soft shot into a faster passing one; used primarily on the serve and at the
net.
Footwork - The way you move about on court is called footwork. Good footwork
makes you look graceful and allows you to get to shots with the least amount of
movement, and that equates to efficiency.
Fluke - Shot that is hit by the racquet frame and end up winning a point
inadvertently. Also called a lucky shot.
Forecourt - Front third of the court, between the net and the short service line.
Forehand - The forehand was invented for those who don't have a backhand. See
backhand.
Grip - The way you hold a racguet is called grip. There are different grips for
different strokes. Grip is also what you use to wrap your handle with. Grip is also
what's felt when you are moving back and forth on the court. Some surfaces provide
better grip than others.
Hairpin net shot - Shot made from below and very close to the net with the shuttle
rising, just clearing the net, and then dropping sharply down the other side. The
shuttle's flight approximates the shape of a hairpin.
Halfcourt shot - A shot hit low and to midcourt, used effectively in doubles against
the front-and-back formation.
Half smash - A half smash is not a half-hearted shot. It is a deliberate toned down
smash, usually executed with a slice of the racquet to slow down the speed of the
shuttle, causing it to fall quickly short of the short service line..
Let - A legitimate cessation of play to allow a rally to be replayed.
Long service line - In singles, the back boundary line. In doubles a line 2 l/2 feet
inside the back boundary line. The serve may not go past this line.
Match - A series of games to determine a winner.
Midcourt - The middle third of the court, halfway between the net and the back
boundary line.

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Mine - Similar to I got it.

Net shot - Shot hit from the forecourt that just clears the net and drops sharply.
Power - Power is measured in how hard and fast you can smash a shuttle. 100 to
150 mph - you're okay. 150 to 200mph - you're pretty powerful. 200 to 250 mph - you
should consider training for the Grand Prix tourneys.
Push shot - Gentle shot played by pushing the shuttle with little wrist motion, usually
from net or midcourt to the opponent's midcourt.
Racquet - Instrument used by player to hit shuttle thingy. Weight: About 3 ounces.
Length: about 27 inches. Made of: Ceramic, graphite, or boron frame; sheep-gut or
synthetic string.
Rally - Exchange of shots while the shuttle is in play.
Rubber - A rubber set is the third and deciding set of a 3 set match.
Serve or service - Stroke used to put shuttle thingy into play at the start of each
rally.
Service court - Area into which the serve must be delivered. Different for singles
and doubles play.
Service over - Means exactly that. Your service is over, and it's now your opponent
to serve.
Short service line - The line 6 l/2 feet from the net which a serve must reach to be
legal.
Smash - Hard-hit overhead shot that forces the shuttle sharply downward.
Badminton's primary attacking stroke.
Speed and stamina - Training is about speed and stamina. The reason for speed
and stamina is so that you can hit powerful shots faster, and more of them than your
opponent without keeling over to puke after each rally.
Straight sets - When you win in straight sets, it means you have beaten your
opponent in 2 sets, straight.
Tendinitis - An inflammatory joint condition that all badminton players suffer from,
sooner or later.
Tram lines - The area between the doubles side boundary lines and the singles side
boundary lines.
Warm up - Other than the conventional stretching or moving about to get the blood
flowing, warming up also consists of hitting the shuttle in various ways with a partner
or opponent for a few minutes before actual play begins.
Wood shot - Shot that results when the frame of the racquet hits the base of the
shuttle. Once illegal, this shot was ruled acceptable by the International Badminton
Federation in 1963.
Walk over - When a player is unable to play or did not show up for a match, it's a
walk over.
Wrist - A necessary anatomical part if you want to excel in badminton.

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