YHI1BEP3HTET Y EEOT'PAJJ.

Y
IIPABOClIABHH EOfOCllOBCKl1 <I>AKYllTET - EEOfPA,lJ;

30PAH PAHKOBllll

UWKBEHocnOBEHCKHJE3HK
fIpHPYIIHHK 3a cTy.n;eHTe
aKa,n:eMCKe 2009 12010.

Ca,n:p>Kaj HaCTaBe
lliroBop H rJIaCOBII
06JIH[(H
XpecToMaTIIj a

EEOfPA,lJ;
2009.

1
 Ca.n;p.x<aj HaCTaBe upKBeHOCJIOBeHCKOr je3MKa :
O,npeljeBle upKBeHOCnOBeHCKOr je3HKa. QpKBeHOCnOBeHCKH KaO
6orocJIy')K6eHll je3HK. QpKBeHOCnOBeHCKH KaO je3HK HaYKe, 0pHrH­
HanHe H rrpeBO)l.HJIatIKe ,nenaTHOCTH. CTHnHCTHtIKa .nH<pepeHU;Hja­
u;Hja. IWKBeHOCJIOBeHCKH je3HK Kp03 HCTOPHjy. IWKBeHOCJIOBeH­
cm je3HK Y Cp6a.
IWKBeHOCJIOBeHCKa a36YKa. OCHOBHa rrpaBHJIa qHTa.H>a. <I>oHeT­
CKO-<pOHOJIOiliKH CHCTeM u;pKBeHOCJIOBeHCKOra je3HKa.
AlrrepHaUHje. )l)IjaKPHTHlJ:KH 3HaUH. AKD;eHaTCKH CHCTeM. CHCTeM
rryHKryaD;Hje. CKpaneHHue. CJIOBa Y YJI03H 6pojeBa.
MOP<POJIOiliKH CHCTeM upKBeHOCJIOBeHCKOra je3HKa. BpcTe peqH
(KJIaCH<pHKaIlHja; rrpeJIa3He rrojaBe Y o6JIacrn BpCTa pe1:J:H). ,ll;BojH­
Ha: ceMaHTH1:JKe oco6HHe. CHCTeM rra,n,e}l(a Y u;pKBeHOCJIOBeHCKOM
je3HKY. I1MeHHu;e singularia tantum H pluralia tantum. MMeHHue:
orrlIITerpaMaTH1:JKO 3Haqeae H rrapUHjanHOrpaMaTHqKe KaTeropHje,
JIeKCHqKo-rpaManI1:JKe CKYrrHHe, 06JIHI.{H (rrapa,nHrMaTCKH THrrOBH).
TIPH.n.eBH: orriliTerpaMaTHqKO 3Haqeae H rrapI.{HjanHorpaMaTHlJ:Ke
KaTeropHje, JIeKCHlJ:KO-rpaMaTHlJ:Ke cKyrrHHe, 06JIHUH (rrapa,nHrMaT­
CKH THrrOBH, KOMrrapaI.{Hja, HerrpOMeHJLHBH rrpH,lleBH). EpojeBH: orr­
II1TerpaMaTHqKO 3Haqeae H rrapI.{HjanHOrpaMaTHlJ:Ke KaTeropHje,
3Haqeae, caCTaB, 06rrHI.{H 6pojeBa. 3aMemrI.{e: rreKCHqKO-rpaMarnq­
Ka o6eJIe}l(ja, KJIacHCIHIKaI.{Hja, 06JIHUH (rrapa,nHrMaTCKH THrrOBH)
3aMeHHI.{a. rJIarOJIlI: orrIIITerpaMaTH1:JKO 3Haqeae H rrapI.{HjaJIHO­
rpaMaTHlJ:Ke KaTeropHje. rrrarOJICKe OCHOBe H HaCTaBI.{H. TIo.n.eJIa
rJIarOJIa rro Mop<l>OJIOIIImM BpCTaMa. rJIarOJICKa BpeMeHa, HaqHHH
H CTaaa (rpaljeae H yrroTPe6a). ATeMaTCKH marOJICKH 06JIHI.{H.
TIoMonHH marOJIH. TIapTHI.{HrrH: OIIIIITerpaMaTH1:JKO 3Haqeae H Ka­
TeropHje. I1PHJI03H: orrlIITerpaMarnlJ:KO 3Haqeffie H rrapUHjanHorpa­
MaTHlJ:Ke KaTeropHje. TIopeKJIO rrpHJIOra. TIopeljeH:.e rrpHJIOra.
TIpe.n.n03H: rpaMaTH1:JKO 3HaqeH:.e, <PYHKUHja, KJIaCH<pHKaUHja. Be-
3HHI.{H: rpaMaTHlJ:KO 3HaqeH:.e, <l>YHKI.{Hja, KJIacmllHKaI.{Hja. PeqI.{e:
rpaMaTHqKO 3HaqeH:.e, IPYHKI.{Hja, KJIaCH<l>HKaI.{Hja. Y3BHI.{H: rpaMa­
TH1:JKO 3Ha1:JeH:.e, <l>YHKI.{Hje, KJIacHqlHKaI.{Hja.
TBop6a pelJ:H Y I.{pKBeHOCJIOBeHCKOM je3HKY. MOp<peMCKa aaaJIH­
3a: MOp<l> H Mop<l>eMa, THrrOBH Mop<l>eMa rro 3HaqeH:.Y. KopeHCKe
MOp<l>eMe. A<l>HKCaJIHe Mop<l>eMe. <I>JIeKcHje. TBop6eHa aHaJIH3a:
TBop6eHa 6a3a, TBop6eHH HH3. ETHMOJIOIIIKa aaaJIH3a. TBop6eHH
HaQHHH.
CHHTaKCa I.{pKBeHOCJIOBeHCKor je3HKa. CltHTarMa H peQeHHI.{a Kao
OCHOBHe je.n.HHHI.{e CHHTaKCe. rpaMaTHQKO YCTPojCTBO CHHTarMe.
rpaMaTHlJ:KO YCTpojCTBO pe1:JeHHI.{e.
JIeKcHKa upKBeHOCJIOBeHCKor je3HKa. O.n.HOCH YHYTapJIeKCHlJ:Ke
CHCTeMHOCTH. CacTas neKCHKe upKBeHocnOBeHCKor je3HKa rrpeMa
KpHTepHjYMHMa reHe3e H <PYHKI.{HOHHCaH:.a. Ynora CTapocnOBeHH­
3aMa Y <popMHpaay neKCHlJ:KOr <pOH.ll.a caBpeMeHHX CJIOBeHCKHX
KH:.H}I(eBHHX Je3HKa.
IWKBeHOCJIOBeHCKH je3HK ,naHac: <PYHKI.{HOHaJIHH H COI.{HOJIHH­
rBHCrnlJ:KH aCrreKTH.
-

2
IDrrEPATYPA:
a. ITpHMapHa :

B. nHpKOBHn, fpaMaTIlKa o;pKBeHOCJIOBeHCKOr je3HKa, lieorpa,n;

1989.
K. KOINapeBIdi, PacrrpaBe 0 6orocJIyx<6eHoM je3HK}' KO,n: Cp6a
(1868-1969). -CprrcKH je3HK, lieorpa,n; - HHKIIIHll 1997, 6p. 1-2,
cTp. 197-21l.
K. KOHtIapeBHll, [(pKBeHOCJIOBeHCKH je3HK Ha pa3Meljy
MHJIeHHjYMa: rrp06JIeMH H rrepcrreKTHBe CPYHK[(HOHHCal:ba. -
CJIaBHCTHKa, lieorpa.n 2001, 6p. 5, CTp. 24-32.
K. KOHtIapeBHll, Pe[(err[(Hja [(pKBeHOCJIOBeHCKor je3HKa Y cprrcKoj
rOBopHoj H CO[(HOKYJITYPHOj cpe,n:HHII: CaBpeMeHO CTaffie H
HMrrJIHKa[(Hje 3a je3HtIKY rrOJIHTHKY [(pKBe. - [(pKBeHe CTY,n:Hje, II,
HHIII 2005, 6p. 2, CTp. 363-378.
C. I1eTKoBHll, 0 HeTatIHOM tIHTaIbY [(pKBeHOCJIOBeHCKor je3HKa Y
Halloj [(PKBH, CpeMcKH KapJIOB[(H, 1926.
IT. nopljHll, KapaKTepHcTHKa caBpeMeHor H3rOBopa [(pKBeHOr
je3HKa.- EOrOCJIOBffie, Eeorpa,n; 1931, 6p. 3, CTP. 236-245.
A. nHpHll, ilpHJIOr rrpoYtIaBal:bY aK[(eHTya[(Hje Y ,n:aHaIIIl:beM
[(pKBeHOM je3HKY.- 360pHHK EOrOCJIOBCKOr cpaKYJITeTa, II, lieorpa,n;
1951. CTp. 527-533.
):{. ITPOTHn, CKpalieHo rrHcal:be petIH.- EOrOCJIOBffie, Eeorpa,n; 1993,
6p. 1-2, CTp. 87-89.
3. PaHKOBHll, HarroMeHe 0 [(pKBeHOCJIOBeHCKoM je3HKY Y Cp6a.­
[(pKBeHe cTY.l(Hje, III, HHIII 2006, 6p. 3, CTP. 299-305.
P. EajHll, I1peBoljel:be 6orocny:>K6eHHX TeKCTOBa Y ilpaBOCJIaBHoj
[(PKBH - KapaKTepHcTHKe, rrp06JIeMH H CTaBOBH rrpeMa OBOM
rrpeBoljel:bY Y cprrcKoj H PYCKOj ilPaBOCJIaBHoj [(PKBH.- 360PHHK
MaTlf[(e cprrcKe 3a CJIaBHCTHKY, HOBH Ca,n; 2006, 6p. 70, CTp. 259­
280.
3. PaHKoBHll, YKpaTKO 0 TpaHCKpHrr[(HjH [(pKBeHOCJIOBeHCKHx
TeKCTOBa.- fO,n:HIIIl:baK, VII, <I>otIa 2008, 6p. 7, cTp. 59.0.67.

6. CeKyH.l(apHa :
C. I1eTKoBHll, PetIHHK [(pKBeHOCJIOBeHCKora je3HKa. CpeMcKH
KaprrOB[(H 1935.
J. :>KnBaHOBHll, fpaMaTHKa [(pKBeHOCJIOBeHCKor je3HKa, CpeMcKH
KapJIOB[(H 1935.

3
 CJIOBO Ha3HB CJIOBa
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 I13fOBOP

t\ ce H3fOBapa KaO H y CprrCKOM. Ka,n:a ce, y CrpaHHM pe'lllMa, rrHIIle rrOCJIe CaMOrnaCHHKa
Hajrremlie rrOCJIe j', E (YMeCTO A\ ), If:3roBapa ce ja: "i\IA, KEpXpEA, i\j''M{priA.

r y pe'IHM~ CrpaHOf nOpeKJIa HCrrpen r K X H3roBapa ce KaO 11.: EVArrEi\j'E, CVrKAtlT"h. Perr
Arr£H (HMe) npenCTaBJI:.a H3}'3eTaK.

€ (T3B. lIIHPOKO) rrHlIIe ce Ha rrOrreTKY pe'IH H H3rOBapa ceje : EC."1., Ei\tlKW, EH .

Y perrHMa CTpaHOr nopeKJIa H3fOBapa ce e: Er,;;Apx'b, En APXi'A. Ha HCTH HarrHH ce
H3fOBapa if y Be3HifKY EAA.

CJIOBO E HMa nBojaK H3fOBOP : e Hje.

Kao e H3rOBapa ce Kana CTOjIf: rrOCJIe rraJIaTaJIHHX i\ Ii H (KOjH ce jOTyjy) : ,;;E,"i\EJO, HE."1.,
~AHE, T~HE H yorrillTe rrOCJIe BeJIapHliX cyrnacHHKa : BEi\EP-R'fi'E, TEl.{.ltI.
Kao je H3rOBapa ce Kana CTOjH rrOCJIe caMomaCHHKa : ~H"'"EHi'E, ,"OE, Kao H Kana je perr
CaCTaBJbeHa on rrpenJIora H pe'IH Koja rrorrHIhe ca E: ws€'"i\JO.

CJIOBO S ce H3rOBapa Kao cprrCKO 3: S.si\W.

CJIOBO H H3fOBapa ce U Kana CTOjH Ha rrorreTKY perrH HJIH rrOCJIe cymacHHKa : H,;;BOi\HTH,
SPAHtI'T'H.
Kao ju ce H3fOBapa Kana CTojH rrOCJIe CaMOrrraCHHKa : ,"OH,"'b, BEpsi"HX'b.
Kao j ce H3fOBapa Kana je KpaTKO H y THM crryrrajeBHMa KpaTKolia je 03HarreHa CJIHTHOM :
~O.eH, KiH, ("~:>KEH. Ko,ll rrpH,lleBa, 3a prorrHKy O,ll rrapTH[(Hrra, Kpajlne H MO)Ke H30CTaTH y
H3rOBOpy - rrpeMa cprrCKOM rrpHMepy.
Kao u ca YMeKillaBaIheM rrpeTXO,llHOr CYfrraCHHKa H3rOBapa ce rrOCJIe rraJIaTaJIHHX i\ H H.

CrrOBO j' ce H3fOBapa Kao cprrCKO KpaTKO U : ."i'P'b.

Kao j H3rOBapa ce y perrH Ai\i\Hi\1!iA, aJIH H Y perrHMa y KojHMa rrOCJIe rrorreTHor"1 CJIe,llH
CaMOfJIaCHHK, a Koje ce H y cprrCKOM je3HKY H3foBapajy C rrOrreTHHM j : "'ulHA, "IEpEH,
-'WAH'l:..

CrrOBa i\ If: H HMajy ,llBojaKY maCOBHY BpenHOCT : fl, Jb H H, fb. 3a O,llpe~HBaH:.e H3rOBopa OBHX
CJIOBa Tpe6a Y3eTH Y 063HP O,llrOBapajylie H3rOBopHe MOnerre Y cprrCKOM je3HKY, O,llHOCHO, y
HenOCTaTKY TaKBHX MOnerra Tpe6a ce ocrrOHHTH Ha eTHMOJIOmjy naTOf 06JIHKa.
TaKO, H3fOBOPHO fl H H rrpHcyTHO je y 06rrH[(HMa: i\ECT1., i\HKO&ATH, XBAi\1.HO, CEi\1.H1.IH, &'b
nOrtlSEi\H, nOi\E~HOE, npHi\1.nE, AHH, n-RCH1.
libfOBOPHO Jb H fb rrpHcyTHO je y 06rrH[(HMa : nOCi\EWH, KOi\1., KOCTEi\1., HA nOCTEi\H,
&HErAA, ~AHE, ~HE, BOH1.:>KE, AOHAE:>KE (OBne je Moryh H H3rOBOp o01l.ojeJICe)

CrrOBO 41 ce H3rOBapa Kao nBOrJIaC Ulll: H£,"OI.{.l1., 4lEApOTA.

CrrOBa'b If: 1. ce He H3roBapajy.

5
CJIOBO bI ce Hal'OBapa KaO U : GbI'T'H.

CJIOBO w ce H3rOBapa KaO CpnCKO 0 : erw.

CJIOBO Wje, KaO IIITO ce H3 Ha.u;pra rpa<pHje BHJnI, CaCT8.B.1beHO H3 rpa<pHja W H '1', H 3aTO ce
H3rOBapa om: A
€ d AH HE illC'T'OVnHT'l:. p~Ka erW ill RdC'b (lI(ap 6,3).

CJIOBO 1;, HMa ,nBOjaKY $oHeTcKy peaJIH3aU;Hjy. IIocJIe naJIaTaJIHOr cymacHHKa H3roBapa ce e,
y3 YMeKIllaBaIhe npeTXO,nHOr cyrnacHHKa: Aii'T'o, H"EAHH.g, H"CAiiAC'T'RO. IIocJIe BeJIapHOr
cyrJIaCHHKa H3rOBapa ce je: AiiA"'T'H, rA.g, p"s.g. MCTO ce H3rOBapa H Ka,na CTOjH Ha not.IeTKY
pe'lJ:H: .c;;;>td:s'.

CJIOBO m ce H3roBapaja, a nHIlle ce Ha nOt.IeTKY pet.IH: mCAH, m;;R" , mpOC'T'b. Y cpe,nHHH H Ha

Kpajy pet.IH nHIlle ce 11\ a H3roBapa ce:
ja - nOCJIe BeJIapHOr cyrnacHHKa HJIH CaMOrnaCHHKa: Rp£.\\II\, nOll\c'b;
a IlOCJIe IlaJIaTaJIHOr cyrnacHHKa KOjH ce YMeKlIIaBa: HEAiiAII\, ,\\HAOC'T'blHII\.

CJIOBO v ce IlHIlle y CTpaHHM pet.IHMa H H3rOBapa:

Kao U, V, V, if: VCCOIl1:., KVp1:., 'T'v.\\n"H'b;
IlpH t.IeMY Ha,n IbHM CTOjH HeKH 3HaK -
nAVEA'b, AAVP",
Kao 6 aKO HCIlpe,n: Ibern CTOjH " HJIH e: ev,,;
Kaoj y pe'llHMa Koje y CPIlCKOM, Kao eKBHBaJIeHTy, HMajy rnacj: .\\WVCEt1, V"KfHA'b.

CJIOBO 3, ce H3rOBapa Kao KC. Cpene ce, yrJIaBHOM, y pe'llHMa Il03ajM.llieHHM H3 rpt.IKOr je3HKa
: d3,·ioc1:., 3,EHi'II\.

CJIOBO V ce H3rOBapa Kao nco Cpene ce CaMO y Il03ajM.llieHHM pe'llHMa; IbHXOB 6poj HHje
BeJIHIm: VMO,\\1:., VM'T'HP'b, o/"A,\\oniiREl\.1:. A"RiA1:., tinoKAAVo/IC1:., C",\\o/WH'b.

CJIOBO A ce H3roBapa Kao m.

CJIOBO to ce H3rOBapa Kao jy Ka.n:a CTOjH: Ha not.IeTKY pe'llH, nOCJIe CaMOrnaCHHKa H nOCJIe
BeJIapHOr cyrnacHHKa : ill !CHOC'T'H , HmpEC'T'AHHotO .M'T'ROtO.
Kao y - C YMeKIllaBaIbeM IlpeTXo,n:Hor cyrrracHHKa- Ka.n:a CTOjH H3a naJIaTaJIHOr cyrnacHHKa :
AtOSOR'b, SO;;A({;SAEH1:..
Y CTpaHHM pe'llHMa IlHIlle ce Kao .,'If: -1'lfAEE.\\1:..

/U>yre HanOMeHe 0 H3roBopy.

HenocTojaHo a. OBO HenocTojaHO a He 6erre>KH ce IlHCMOM. Ka.n:a ce COHaHTH
p, i\, M, H, Ii HaJIaJe Ha Kpajy pet.IH HJIH crrora H3a cyrrracHHKa, O,n:HOCHO, aKO ce HaJIaJe Ha
IlOt.IeTKY pet.IH a Ilocrre.n:yje HM cyrrracHHK, OH,n:a ce H3Me~y IbHX YMene HlrOBapa - a:
mTp7:t, € t Mb., I1rH'I~, H31iI1Ki\b.lllH~, KOHHCTK7:t, i\b.tTH, M3M. OBa rJIaCOBHa nojasa je HaCTaJIa
no,n YTHu;ajeM HeKa.n:alIIIber cpncKocrrOBeHCKor H3rOBopa.
CyrJIaCHH'IKe rpyne. IIPHJIHKOM H3rOBopa u;pKBeHOCJIOBeHCKor MO)l(e ,nOllH ,no
ynpomna6alba cyrJIaCHWlKHX rpyrra HJIH ,no jeOlla'lelba cyrnacHHKa. Ka.n:a ce y pe'llH
H~y cyrrracHH'lIKe rpyne, Hilp. 3AH, CTH, je,naH cyrnacHHK Hcna,na H3 H3rOBopa:
npI13AHHIl7:t, COAH~f, 'fPA~~. IIpHMep cy H3roBOPHH Mo,neJIH y cpnCKOM. Hajt.Iemlie ce
,n:elIIaBa jeOllalle1tJe cyrJIaCHHKa no 3ByqHOCTH : KOSXKM~T7:t, IifS C*MfH~, IifS 'PAKHfHiAl.
Tp~6a HM~TH y ll..W ,na npasHJIa ynponfliaBma CYrJIaCHH1fi(HX rpyrra H je.z:umqeIDa
- - .... -

6
 cyrJIaCHHKa He MOry CaCBHM ,[(OCJIe,[(HO ,[(a Ce'IIp'HMeHe Ha CBe :upKBeHOCJIOBeHCKe 06JIHKe,
jep 6H OHH Y HeKHM CJIyqajeBHMa IIOCTaJIH Hepa3}'MJbHBH H HeIIpeII03HaTJbHBH.
H3rOBopHO o. KMa pe'I IIO'IHlbe cyrJIaCHHKOM a HCIIpe'[( lbe CTOjH IIpe.[(JIOr,
CaMOCTaJIHO HJIH je ,[(OIllJIO ,[(0 cje'[(HlbaBaH:.a ca ,D;OTHtIHOM pe'IH, KOjH IIO~H:.e HCTHM HJIH
CJIH'IHHM cyrJIaCHHKOM, H3Meljy lbHX Mo:m:e ,D;ohH ,D;O IIojase H3roBopHor 0:
IUUAH. CCAAIiHMA.
AKI(eHaT. CPIICKO 06eJIeiKje H3rOBopa :upKBeHOCJIOBeHCKHX pe'IH jecTe H aK:ueHTOBaH:.e
pe'IH IIpeMa CPIICKOM HOBOIIITOKaBCKOM CHCTeMY. Pe'I je, ripe CBera, 0 pe'IHMa Koje cy
MalLe HJIH BHme H,[(eHTHqHe ca CpIICKHM. Y :upKBeHOCJIOBeHCKHM pe'IHMa Koj e He
O,D;rOBapajy CnH'IHHM CPIICKHM pe'IHMa qyBa ce IIpaBHno caMO IIpeHOIIIelba aK:ueHTa ca
IIOCJIe,[(lber CJIora.

ITPABOITI1C

€ (T3B. IliHpOKO) IIHIIIe ce Ha IIO'IeTKY petm : eC,\\b, €i\l1KW, eH .

Y pe'IHMa CTpaHOr IIOpeKJIa: €r~dPX"" endPxrA.

CJIOBO E ce IIHIIIe y cpe,[(HHH H Ha Kpajy pe'IH: ~E,\\AEK), HE,\\b, ~AHE, ~HE,

CnOBO s ce cpene y pe'IHMa : S&ofPb, S&.-s~A", SofAIE, SAdK"" SAO, S,\\IH, S.-sAW, SofHH4A ,
TaKolje H y pe'IHMa Koje cy 0,[( lbHX H3Be,[(eHe : SAd'lHbl", SAb.IH H ,[(pyre.

CJIOBO Ice IIHIIIe:

HCIIpe'[( caMornaCHHKa : ndcTblpi"E, TPlE
y pe'IHMa rp'IKOr IIOpeKJIa, r,[(e o'[(rOBapa rp'IKOM CJIOBY i HJIH '[(mpToH3HMa € t , m :
XiTWH"" 'IKOC"" 'IAWA"" Ti:\\'id,\\",
y pe'IHMa ca CJIOBeHCKHM KopeHoM : ffiHO, &IHOrpAA'" H ,\\ip'" Y 3Ha'IelbY eaCeJbeHa­
3a pa3JIHKy 0,[( ,\\HP'" Y 3Ha'IelbY nOKoj, mUUlUHa.

CJIOBO .0 IIHIIIe ce y cpe'[(HHH H Ha Kpajy pe'IH:tlHOK"" KOHAAK"" Aof 'f'0 , AtOBO. CJIOBO 0
cpene ce Ha IIO'IeTKY pe'IH: OTPOK'b, OSA'fE, 0&4", O'lH; IIocne IIpe.pKKca: COOSLtJEHtE; y
CaCTaBY CJIo:m:eHH:ua: ,\\HOrOO'lHT"iH, nEP&OOBPd~HOE; y cpe,[(HHH petiH y IIpHMepHMa:
'IOPAdH"" ',olmIA H wOH'd'A'1s'''''E ,

CnOBO O\( ce IIHIIIe Ha IIO'IeTKY pe'IH : O\fSO""ECT&O, O\fS.-s""dTH.

Y cpe,[(HHH HJIH Ha Kpajy pe'IH IIHIIIe ce '1s':sAAro'1s''f'pOBIE, &cK'Ii't(), s'd'A'1s'.

CJIOBa", H I,. ce He H3roBapajy. OCTaJIH cy y rrpaBOIIHCY 360r cBoje CJIOrOTBOpHe CPYHK:UHje,

Tj. 360r nOTpe6e,D;a ce CJIor 3aBpIIIH Ha CaMOrnaCHHK. He IIHIIIy ce Ha IIO'IeTKY petm. CJIOBO
", 03Ha'IaBa BenapHOCT ( TBp,[(ony) IIpeTXO,[(Hor cyrJIaCHHKa: &EpTEn"" &",. IToHeKa,.!.( ce
3aMelbyje najepKoM C): nOMTH, H~n.AdTH, no+\. CJIOBO b. Mo:m:e 03Ha'IaBaTH IIaJIaTaJIHOCT
npeTXO,D;Hor cyrJIaCHHKa: ~H""AHT£i\b, KOHb., &OAb.HAb.; HJIH 03Ha'IaBaTH rrpHIIa,.!.(albe
o'[(peljeHoj HCTOPHjCKOj HMeHH'IKoj OCHOBH: KOHb. (jO-ocHoBe), n'd'Tb (I-ocHoBe); HJIH
03Ha'IaBaTH Pa3JIHKOBalbe 3Ha'Ielba pe'IH: &OHb (=YHyTpa), &OH", (=BaH, HaIIOJby).

CnOBO 1,.1 ce He rrHIIIe Ha IIO'IeTKY pe'IH. Y Cpe,D;HHH pe'IH, IIHIIIe ce no crnpOCJIOBeHCKOM

y30py : CbiHO&E, Sb.ITH. fIHIIIe ce nOCJIe CJIOBa 1.\ : &'1. ciPAI.\b.1. Y 06JIH:UHMa MHO:>KHHe H
,D;BojHHe, KaKO 6H ce Pa3JIHKOBaJIH 0,[( 06JIHKa je)J;HHHe, y pe'IHMa c OCHOBOM Ha HenqaHe

7
cyrnacHHKe .('1, ~, W), .n;onynrra ce nHCaffie CJIOBa 1..1: ,\\~jKH (IiI j.n;) - ,\\~;.KI..I (A, 14 MH).
HHaqe, nOCJIe K r X He nHme ce 1..1 Hero H.

CJIOBO W ce nHme Ha noqeTKY pe"LIH :

- y npe/f>HKCHMa H npe.l(JI03HMa W, WS : W'fH4JEHi"E, WAECH~tO, W rpiwfiAh, WSIJ\'T'H;
- KaO W cpehe ce CaMO y Y3BHl{HMa W H WAE ca B H r : W POAE H£R.fiP£H'b, Wi\£
C'T'PAWHdrw 'T'AHHC'T'Rd.
Y cpe.n;HHH peqH nHlIIe ce :
- y peqHMa n03ajMJbeHHM H3 rpqKOr Je3HKa H o.n;roBapa rpqKOM CJIOBY co: KdHWH'h,
ci.\\WH'b, ~dPdWH'h;
- Y 06JIHl{HMa MHO:>KHHe H .l(BojHHe .n;a 6H ce Pa3JIHKOBaJIH o.n; 06JIHKa je.n;HHHe: nAOA'h (H
j.n;) - nAWA'h (f MH), nAOAd (f j.n;) nAWAd (H, A .n;B).
Ha Kpajy peqH nHlIIe ce:
- Ha Kpajy npHJIOra: 'T'AKW, o~sw, 3a pa3JIHKy o.n; Be3HHKa Y KojHMa ce nHlIIe 0: o~so;
- KO.n; 3aMeHHl{a H npH.l(eBa o.n;pe~eHor BH.n;a y f j.n; : 'T'OrUl, AosPdrw, 3a pa3JIHKy o.n; A j.n;:
'T'oro, AORpdro.
CHOBO W .naKJIe IIOKa3yje HHH .n;a je peq II03ajMJbeHa HHH o6ene)l{aBa HeKO rpaMaTH"LIKO
CBOJCTBO.

CJIOBO W ce IIHlIIe ce y IIpe/f>HKCHMa H IIpe.n;JI03HMa: EAA AH HE WC'T'Ol(nH'T''h p~Kd ErUI W

RAC'b (lUap 6,3).

CJIOBO fa ce IIHlIIe Ha nO"tIeTKY pe"tIH: mCAH, m';;Sd, mpOC'T'b.. Y cpe.n;HHH H Ha Kpajy peqH nHlIIe
ce ht.: spe.\\ht., noht.c'h, HEA-&Aht., ,\\HMC'T'hlHht..
Y CTpaHHM pe"tIHMa, nOCJIe CaMOrJIaCHHKa, YMeCTO ht. IIHlIIe ce d: ,\\dpid, HAid.
CJIOBO ht. cTOjH Ha IIO"tIeTKY peqH h.,;;b.lK'b y 3Ha"tIelbY je3uK (.n;eo TeJIa) H oap 2060pa, 3a
pa3JIHKy o.n; pe"tIH m':;b.IK'b Y 3Ha"tIelbY uapoo (He3Ha6o)l{a"LIKH). CJIOBOM ht. je 03HaqeH A MH H
.n;B JIH"LIHe 3aMeHHl{e 3a 3. JIHl{e (aHa/f>opcKe):.i.

CJIOBO A 06HqHO ce cpehe y peqHMa Koje 03Ha"tIaBajy:

HMeHa JIHl{a: AEpdnOH'T''h
reorpa/f>cKe Ha3HBe: AdSWP'h

JJ:HjaKPHTH"tIKH 3Hal{H H HHTepnyHKl{Hja

Y l{pKBeHOCJIOBeHCKoM je3HKy YIIoTpe6JbaBajy ce HapO"tIHTH 3Hal{H KOjH ce CTaBJbajy
H3Hal( pe"tIH, Hal( pe.n;, H 30BY ce OujaKpUmU'lKU 3ualJU. To cy aKljeumu, cnupumu (3HaK
IIpe.n;axa, nCHJIa) H 3ualJU cKpaliu6a1ba pe'lU (THTJIe), Kao H .n;pyrH 3Hal{H, Hnp. najepaK,
cJlumuaja H .n;pyrn. CHcTeM .n;HjaKpHTH"tIKHX 3HaKOBa y :u:pKBeHOCJIOBeHCKoM je3HKY
/f>0pMHpao ce y rrepHo.n;y 17. - 18. BeKa.

AKl{eHTH
Y l{pKBeHOCJIOBeHCKOM je3HKY IIocToje TpH aKl{eHaTCKa 3HaKa·: owmpu aKljenam,
meWKU aKlJeuam H KaMOpa. Pa3JIHKOBalbe aKl{eHaTCKHX 3HaKOBa HHje nOBe3aHO C HapO"tIHTHM
npoH3HomelbeM. IIpH qHTaffiY l{pKBeHOcnoBeHcKor TeKCTa, aKn;eHaT 3a Hac ry6H 3Haqaj 3aTO
IIITO ce pe"LIH HarnalIIaBajy rrpeMa cpnCKOM aKl{eHTY, Tj. IIpeMa HOBOmTOKaBCKOM
aKl{eHaTCKOM CHCTeMY. TaKO, peqH PAS'b (I-lj.n;) H PdS'b (f MH) HCTO ce H3roBapajy.
Owmpu aKljeuam (y3JIa3HH) HJIH oalht. (acut) CTaBJba ce Hal( CaMOrnaCHHKOM Ha IIO"tIeTKY H
y cpe.l(HHH pe"LIH : H.\\A\, A~XO,\\'b.

8
 TeUlKU aKlJeuam (CIlna:mH) MIl RAplR. (gravisfcTaB.JLa ce Ha.zCCaMOrnaCHHKOM Ha Kpajy
pellH : ,"OAR", COACH, ef'o. AKO naK nocne TaKBe petIH ( Koja ce 3aBpmaBa aKueHTOBaHHM
caMOrnaCHHKoM) CToje 6e3aKueHaTCKe petIH : so, iKE. AH MIl 3aMeHHUe : ,\\A\, ,\\H, TR., TH,
CR., CH, Hbl, Rbi, Oll):{a ce meUlKU aKIleHaT 3aMeFLyje oUlmpUM: COACH .\\R., C~AH MH. OBe .n:Be
pe1JH trnHe aKUeHaTCKY uenHHy.
Ka.M.opa (Ka!.l()pa, xepta1t0J.1€VTJI) HJIH o6Jle'leuqja (Y3JIa3HO-CRJIa3HH) mime ce y
o6mIIlHM€! MHO)KHHe HJIH .n:BojHHe KOjH mace HCTO Kao H 06JIHUH je.n:HHHe .n:a 6H ce
HarrpaBHJIa pa3nHKa H3Meny FbIlX : U,tipb (H j.n:) - U,,iPb (f MH), f'piX'b (H j.n:) - \Ii f'P.CX'b (f
MH).

CnHpmYCH
AKO pell noqHIbe CaMOrJIaCHHKOM, Ha,ll TIlM CaMOrJIaCHHKOM CTaBJba ce, no y30py Ha
rpllKH je3HK, cnupumyc KOjH ce y upKBeHOCJIOBeHCKOM Ha3HBa ~RATEAb.40. OH ce jaBJba Kao
mOH.Kaja (cIIHpmyc HeHHC - d) HJIH Kao zycmaja (cnHpmyc acnep - J). OBaj 3HaK y
upKBeHocnOBeHCKOM je3HKY HeMa rnaCOBHY Bpe.n:HOCT.
TOH.Kaja cTOjH Hajllemne Ha.ll nOqeTHHM CaMOrnaCHlIKOM: ErW, O\fT'pOSA.
, (

rycmaja ce peTKO nojaa.JLyje, Hajqemne y pellHMa Koje nOqHIbY U:JICUl/OM VCcwn"b.,

( ,
VnOC'T'dCb.
CmlpHTYC MO)I(e cTajaTH 3aje.n:HO C aKueHTOM - OIlITpHM HnH TeIlIKllM. CBe3e OBllX
3HaKOBa HMajy IIoce6He Ha3llBe.
CBe3a cnllpHTyca H OIliTpor aKueHTa Ha3HBa ce uco (HCO) : EC.\\b., mKW.
CBe3a cIIHpllTyca H TemKor aKueHTa Ha3llBa ce anocmpop (AnOC'T'pO~'b). OH 06HqHO
CTOjH TaMO r.n:e je IIOTpe6HO .n:a peq H3a TemKor aKUeHTa 6y.n:e je.n:HOCJIO)I(Ha. TaKBa peq je
to,
JlU'lH.a 3a.M.eH.ul/a 3. Jlulla y A j.n: II MH : H, € (A j.n:), h. (A MH).
3a 3aMeHHue OH"b. H HiKE y HeKHM 06JIHUHMa uco H anocmpop IIpe.n:cTaB.JLajy 3HaKe
rpaMaTHqKOr Pa3JIHKOBaIna : HiKE (H j.n:) - H:iKE (H MH), H/\\"b. (M j.n:) - H,\\"b. MH).en
flco H anocmpop npaBe Pa3JIHKY H Y KaTeropHjH petIH : oij (adv.) - by (praep.).

THTJIa
"YKpac" upKBeHOCJIOBeHCKor npaBonHca jecTe 3HaK KojH ce 30Be mUmlla C ). THTJIa
HMa .n:BojaKY tPYHKUHjy : 03HallaBa CKpallHBaFLe pellH a nOKa3yje H 6pOjHY Bpe,n:HOCT CJIOBa.

IIajepaK
llajepaK (nA£pOK'b, epOK"b.) HJIH anocmpop 06eJIe)I(aBa MeCTO r,n:e je HcnYIIITeH "b. HJIH
pelje b.. IlHllle ce nOCJIe npe,n:JIora KOjH ce 3aBpillaBa Ha cymacHHK : HdJ\ ~E,\\A€IO, noA ROAOIO;
nocne IIpetPHKca KOjH ce 3aBpllIaaa Ha cymacHHK KOMe nocne.n:yje caMornaCHHK : WCR.SA£HiE,
nOA~'T'H.
IIajepaK ce He IIHllle y je.n:HOCJIO)I(HHM npe.n:n03HMa : K"b., R"b., C"b..

CnHTHa
CJlumH.a HnH epaxuja (KpA'T'KAR.) je 3HaK KOjH ce CTaB.JLa H3Ha.ll cnOBa H Ha KpaJY
cnora, 03Haqaaa IherOBY Kpal'Kony H rJIaCOBHY Bpe.n:HOCTj :KpMi, ,\\6t1"

Y upKBeHOCJIOBeHCKHM TeKCTOBHMa 3a tPYC-HOTe HJIH o6jallIIheIba HCIIO,n: TeKCTa

KOPHCTH ce KARblKA (~ W). aHa YKa3yje Ha JIeKCHqKe BapHjaHTe. nOMony Ihe pell ce
npeUH3Hpa, paCKpHBa ce CMHcao 3a6opaBIheHHX pellH, nojalliFLaBa ce rpaMaTHlIKa tPopMa HJIH
ce lIHHe YMeTaFLa, )lonyHe. Y HeKHM TeKCTOBHMa OBY yJIory liMa 3ee30Ut.;a (acmepucK).

9
 )];Be-lIap3JIenHe HCKo.meHe upTHue (" ) Mory cTajaTH H3HM CnOBa V.

3H~ HHTepIIYHKllHje
3HaIlH HHTepnyaKI.{Hje y upKBeHOCnOBeHCKOM je3HKY HacTaj3JIH cy IIOCTeIIeHO H
,l(aHa.nIIbH o6.1lHK ,l(06HnH cy Y 18. BeKY. IIo HauPTY OHH cy HaM II03Ham H rOTOBO .n;a
o.nroBapajy HCTHM y CprrCKOM je3HKY.
3anema (~AnA\'T'AA\) O.n;rOBapa HCTOM 3HaKJ Y CP"CKOM je3HKY. CTPOmx npaBHna 3a
IIHC3H>e 3aIIeTe y upKBeHOCnOBeHCKOM je3HKY HeMa.
TallKa ('T'O'\jKA) TaKO~e O.n;rOBapa HCTOM 3HaKY y CP"CKOM je3HKY.
pee mallKe (ACOE'T'O'\jj'E) HMajy, y O.n;HOCY Ha CP"CKH, .n;BOCTPYKY .pYUKUHjy. OHe HajIIpe
3Haqe HCTO IIITO H .n;Be TaqKe y cprrCKOM je3HKY. C .n;pyre CTpaHe, y upKBeHOCJIOBeHCKHM
KIDHraMa YMeCTO qeCTO IIOHaBJbaHHX MOJIHTaBa H B03rnaca HaBo.n;e ce caMO JbHXOBe IIpBe
peqH (HHUHIIHT), IIpH qeMY ce YMeCTO TPH TaqKe - Kao y CP"CKOM, CTaBJbajy .n;Be TaqKe. AKO
je Y 6oroCJIy)!(6eHoj KIbH3H HaIIHCaHO ~E HAW'h: TO 3HaqH .n;a ce Ha TOM MecTY quTa
rroTIIyaa MOJIHTBa focrro.n;Jba. )];Be TaqKe HMajy, H3Me~y OCT3JlOr, H <PYHKUHjy TaqKe ca
3arreTOM.
MaJla mallKa (.\\di\AA\ 'T'O'lKA) HMa <PYHKUHjy TaqKe ca 3arreTOM y Cp"CKOM.IIo palMepH
OHa ce He palnHKyje o.n; 06HqHe TaqKe, caMO UITO ce rrocne Jbe peqeHIiua HaCTaBJba MaJIHM
cnOBOM.
TallKa ca 3anemOM (conpOCH'T'Ei\bHAA\) HMa <PYHKUHjy Kojy HMa 3HaK rrHTalba y cprrCKOM
je3HKY·
3HaK Y36UKa (O~AHRH'T'Ei\bHAA\) o.n;rOBapa CPYHKUHjH HCTor 3HaKa y CP"CKOM je3HKY.

Y upKBeHocnOBeHCKHM TeKCTOBHMa cpehy ce H 3arpa,L(e (C.\\<CC'T'H'T'EAbHAA\), Koje HMajy

HCTY .pYHKI.{Hjy Kao H y cprrCKOM je3HKY. IIOIIITO ce H3Jlale y pe.n;y- IIOMHJbeMO HX OB.n;e.

rJIACOBH
fnaCOBH ce y upKBeHocnOBeHCKOM ,l(ene Ha : caMornaCHlIKe, cyrnacHHKe H nonYBOKane.
CaMUmaCHHUH (BOKaJIH) H nonyrnacHHUH ce .n;ene Ha :
TBp.n;e (3a.n;H:.era pe.n;a) : A, 0, ~, hi, 71;
MeKe (npe.l{Jbera pe.n;a) : lA, AI., f, ii, 10, fI, I, v, H, h.
CyrnacHHUH ce ,l(ene Ha :
3a,L(JbOHenqaae : r, Il, X
YCHeHe : Ii, Ii, n, cP
3y6He : A, 5, g, t, T,~
npe.n;ffiOHeIIqaHe : In, 'I, UJ, f..!J
j e3HqHe : A, p
YCHO-HOCHe : M
3y6Ho-HOCHe: H

IIAJIATAJII13AIJ;Ii[JA
"QanaT3JlH3aIlHja je rrpOMeHa 3a.lJ.ffiOHenqamlX cyrJIaCHHKa YBelH ca CaMOrnaCHHUHMa
IIpe,l(H:,era pe,l(a.
IIPBA : Il 'f .n;PYfA:1l ~
r + NI, f, ii, 10, "= 3\ r+ii,fI= g
w t

10
 JOTOBAIbE
To je CTanaH.e cyrnacHIIKa J C npeTXO,lOIHM cyrnacHIIKoM y KBamrramBHO HOB, nanaTanHII
cyrnacHHK HnH cyrJIaCHII1:£KY rpyny.
3 - a:;, t - 11l, A - a:;A, T - IJI. fpyna t" MelLa ce y CT IInlllJl. 3a)UhOHen1{aHH r, ", X npe,p; T MelLajy
ce y I1l II 3aje.n:Ho ca T .n:ajy IJI (CT, c" .n:ajy IJI; 3A, 3r .n:ajy a:;A ).

11MEH11UE

CnOBeHCKH je3Hl\H cy H3 npaHH,l(OeBporrCKor Hacne.n:HnH CBpCTaBalLe HMeHIIl\a npeMa

OCHOBaMa. OHe cy ce CBpCTaBane rrpeMa CaMOrnaCHHKY HnH cyrJIaCHHKY Hcrrpe.n: Kojera je
cTajao HaCTaBaK. TaKo cy ce Pa3JIHKOBarre CaMOrJIaCHHG:Ke H cyrnaCHHqKe OCHOBe. BpeMeHOM
je .n:omJIO .n:o MemalLa rroje.n:HHHX OCHOBa, 06JIHl\H MalLe rrpo.n:yKTHBHHX BpCTa nOqeJIH cy.n;a
ce ry6e a fhiixosa MeCTa cy 3aY3HMaJIH 06JIHI{H H3 rrpo.n:yKTHBHHX BpCTa.

11MeHHl\e MymKor po.n:a OCHOBa Ha -0- / -jo­

y rrpoMeHY rro OBHM OCHOBaMa crra.l(ajy IIMeHlIue MymKor po.n:a Koje ce y Hj.n: 3aBpmaBajy Ha
-71, -h, -Ii. I1PHJIHKOM .n:eKJIHHal\lIje no OBHM OCHOBaMa pa3JIHKyjy ce m6poa, MelW H
MeUlO6uma BapHjaHTa. Ha m6poy BapHjaHTY o.n:Hoce ce HMeHHl\e ca 3aBpmeTKOM Ha -71 aHa
MeK)' BapHjaHTY ca 3aBpmeTKOM Ha -h, -Ii. 11MeHHl\e C OCHOBOM Ha HerrqaHe cyrnacHHKe H
cyrJIaCHHK L( crra.n:ajy y MeulO6umy rrpOMeHY, Tj. HMajy HaCTaBKe H TBp.n:e H MeKe BapHjaHTe
rrpOMeHe.

TBp.n;a npOMeHa

je.n:HHHa MHO)l{HHa .n:BO]HHa

H PAIi71 PAIiH
-
pAIiA
r pAlid -
pMi7.t, -W6.71 PAlig
,[( PASS' PASWM71
I
PdflOMd
A PdllA pAllhi pAlid
-
B f
pAlif pdliH pAllA
-
11 PdIiOM71
-
pAlihi PAIiOMA
II Pd611 Pdli1iX7.t Pdlig

11Memlue C OCHOBOM Ha Herr1{aHe cyrJIaCHHKe

je.n:HHHa MHO)KHHa .n:BojHHa

H M~a:;7.t Mga:;H, M~a:;if M~a:;A
f M~a:;d Ml/a:;hi M~a:;l/
,[( M~a:;l/ Ml/a:;€M71 Mga:;fMA
A M~a:;d Mga:;LI M~a:;A
B M~a:;l/ M~a:;H, M~a:;if M~a:;A
11 M~a:;fM71 M~a:;b.I M~a:;"MA
II M~a:;" Ml/a:;fX71, Ml/a:;dX71 Mga:;l/

11
 je,nHHHa MHO)KHHa ,l(BOJHHa
H
~

OTfl42i
~

OTI4L1
~

-
OTI4A
r -
OTQa.
... I ....

OT()Q7i,OTQ()67i
,

OTQV

~ OTI4~ - ,
OTl4e M2i
-
OTQfMA
,
A -
OT4A
, -
OT4W
- -
OT4 d
. . -
B dT'If OTl.\l.i OT4d
. . . ,
H OTL\~M2i OT41.1 OTl(fMd
JI clTl~1i OT41iX2i OT4 g

MeKa rrpOMeHa

je,nHHHa MHO)I{HHa ,nBojHHa

, ·
H I\OHI. I\OHH I\OH""
. ·
r I\OH~ I\OHI.., -/;" I\OHI¢
~
\ t I
I\OHI¢ 1\0H€M2i 1\0HfMd
A I\O"~ f':6H" I\OH""
·
B I\OHIO 1\6HH I\OH""
·
,
1M 1\0HfM2i I\OHM, -I..Mit 1\0HfMd
I

JI I\OH" "OHfX2i I\OHI¢ ·

je,nHl:IHa MHO:>KHHa ,nBOJHHa

H r.pAii roPAH ·
tip"""
r tlPA""
-
tiPA", -eli2i
·
rlPd/Q
.n: tlpAI¢ I\pAe M2i
-
t
tlpdl1l\\d
A tlpdH
tv
I\pAH rlpd""
·
.
B "PAI¢ "pdH tlp;;'""
.
M tlpAfM2i tipdH "PAfMA
JI flPAH I\PAtiX71 tiPd/Q·

MemOBHTa rrpoMeHa

je,n;HHHa MHO)KHHa .n;BojHHa

H . AP~r2i AP~3H • AP~rA
r APVrA APgr71 AP~r~
~ ,&,p~r~ ,&,pgrwM71 APvroMA
A AP~rA AP~rH ,&,p~rA
B ApVffif AP V3 H APRrA
H ,&,p~rOM2i ,&,pgrH ,&,p~roMA
JI A'~3i AP~3iX71-
i

• APRr~ -__ -

12
 je,n:HHHa MHO)[{JfHa ,n:BojHHa ~
I
H npopo,,'li npOpO~L.1 npOpWIlA
r npOpOl\A
I
npOpWI\Y1 npopwI\\l
.n: npopol\~ npOpOflWM'li npOpOtiOMA
A OpOpOflA npopo,," npopwllA
B npOpO'lf npop04b1 npOpWI\A
11 ojJOpOI\OM1i npOpWfl" npOpOI\OMA
II npopoLrli npop0l.rliX1i npopuJK~

je,n:mIHa MHO)KHHa ,n:BOJHHa

H A~X1i A~tH AgXA
r A9Xd A~X'b AgX'IJ
.n: A~XlJ A~XWM1i A~XOMC\
A A~Xc\ A~XH AgXc\
B A~Wf A~tH AgXA
11 A~XOM1i AgXH A~XOMC\
II A~[1i A~ctX'li AgXlJ

no OBHM OCHOBaMa MeI:bajy ce H HeKa JII,ftIHa HMeHa MymKor po,n:a.

H TVXWH1i HiIlOlldH
r TVXWHA HillOlldC\
.n: TVXWHlJ Hil\olldlO
A TVXWHA Hit\OlldA
B TVXWHf Hit;OAdf
11 TVXWHOM1i Hit\OAdEM7.
]I TVXWH1i Hit\OAdH

HarrOMeHe!

Je,n:HHHa:
Y ,n:aTHBY MHore HMeHHI{e OCliM HaCTaBKa -lJ, -10, Mory HMaTH jom H HaCTaBKe -OKH, -fKH.
AKY3anrs je je,n:HaK reHHTHBY Ka,n:a HMeHHI{a 03HaQaBa 6Hne. AKY3aTHB MO)Ke 6HTH je,n:HaK
HOMIIHaTHBY a He reHHTHBY H Ka,n:a HMeHHI{a 03HaQaBa 6Hne (IlK 15,23 ).
Ko,n: nHQHHX HMeHa ca 3aBpmeTKoM Ha -ii, BOKaTHB HMa HaCTaBaK -f: RH'fWHif, Movck
Y nOKaTliBY KO,n: HMeHlII{a MeKe rrpoMeHe 06HtIHO ce cpene HaCTaBaK -H, ami MO)Ke 6HTH H ­
t.
MHO)l{HHa:
HOMHHaTIIB KapaKTepHme HaCTaBaK -H, rrpH qeMY Hcrrpe,n: HaBe,n:eHor HaCTaBKa
cyrnaCHlII{H ti, r, X MeI:bajy Y 4, 3, [. Cpeny ce TaKolje H HaCTaBI{H -if, -G. OCHM Tora, HeKe
HMeHHI{e MOry lIMaTH H HaCTaBKe -OKf, -flU: KjJd'lfKf.

13
 Y reHH!HIBy, KO,n; HMelYlIJ:a mepiJe npOMeHe cpeny ce HacTaBUH -WIl'll H HyllmU. Je.llHa HCTa
HMeHHIla M01Ke HMam o6e BapHjaHTe HaCTaBKa (TIPHlJ 17, 6 ). Ko.ll MeKe rrpOMeHe MoryhH cy
HaCTaBI(H -dt, -ell'll: ,-,dpUi, i~pieK'll.
Y ,n;aTHBy ce nOHeKa,D; npe,n; HaCTaBKOM -WM'll, nojaBJLyje YMeTHyT CJIor -Ofi- :
rpAAoKWM'll, AH'OKOM'll. Y crpaHHM pellHMa Koje ce 3aBpmaBajy Ha -n'i, ,n;aTHB MOJKe HMaTH
HaCTaBaK -w YMecTo -e: ipXifpiwM'll II ijJxi~pfeM'll, I~A~WM'll H I~AieM'll.
BOKaTHB ce CJIaJKe C HOMHHaTHBOM.
Y HHcTpYMeHTaJIY ce nOHeKa,D; nojaBJLyjy HacTaBIlH -MH, -AMH.
Y JIOKaTHBY mepiJe BapHjaHTe npoMeHe lJeIlIne ce cpene HaCTaBaK -'iiX'll, a y MeKoj
BapHjaHTH -fX'll. OCHM Tora, cpeny ce HaCTaBIlH -&IX'll, -dX'll (TIoH3 22, 12; yI3JI26, 25 ) .

.Il:BojHHa:
Y ,n;BOjHHH ce no,n;y,n;apajy HOMHHaTHB, aK)'3aTHB H BOKaTHB, a TaKO~e reHHTHB H JIOKaTHB,
Kao H ,n:aTHB H HHcTpYMeHTaJI. OBO je CBojcTBeHo CBHM HMeHHqKHM npOMeHaMa.

11MeHHIle cpe,n:H>er po,n:a OCHOBa Ha -o-I-jo-

TIo OBHM OCHOBaMa ,n;eKJIHHHp~y ce HMeHHIle cpe,n:If,er po,n;a Koje ce y HOMHHaTHBY je,n;HHHe
3aBpIlIaBajy Ha -0, -f (-if ). TIPHJIHKOM ,n;eKJIHHaIlHje no OBHM OCHOBaMa Pa3JIHKyjy ce, Kao H
KO,n; HMeHHIla MyIIIKor po,n;a OBHX oCHOBa, m6piJa, MeKa H MeZU06uma BapHj aHTa. Ha mepiJy
BapHjaHTY o,n;Hoce ce HMeHHIle ca 3aBpIIIeTKOM Ha -0 a Ha MeKY BapHjaHTY ca 3aBpIIIeTKOM Ha
-f (-if ). 11MeHHIle c OCHOBOM Ha HenqaHe cyrJIaCHHKe H cyrJIaCHHK ~ cna,n:ajy y Mezuo6umy
rrpOMeHY, Tj. HMajy HaCTaBKe H TBp.ne H MeKe BapHjaHTe npOMeHe.

TBp,l(a npOMeHa

je,l(HHHa ,l(BojIfHa I

H '1AAo
.
'lAM
MHOJKHHa
-
'lAM
r 'lAM -
'1AA'll, -Wfi'll '1AA~
.II: 'fAA~ 'fAAWM21 'fAAOMd
A I
'fAAO
-
'1dAd d
B I
'1AAO -
'fdM
-
'fAM
11 '1dAOM'll '1AAbI 'fdAOMA
n 'fAA'ii '1AA'iiX'll 'fAA~

M eKanpOMeHa
je.llHHHa MHO)KHHa ,l(BOjIfHa
H MOp.-:\

(
MOP" MWP" -
r MOph.
I
MOpfH MWPIO -
.II:
I
M0910 MOp6M'll MOPfMd
, , I
A . MOpf M09h. MWPH
( B MOP'
I
MOp~ MWP"
I

I I
11 MOpfM'll MWPH MOpfMA.
,
n MOPIl.
I
~Oph\X'll MWplO ..
-. ...

14
 je.n:mma MHOIKHHa .n:BojHHa

MeIIIOBHTa rrpOMeHa
je.n:HHHa MHOIKHHa .n:BojHHa
H 1\H!.\l: I\H~/l.
,
I 1\"1.4:\
r I\",-,d 1\"1.47> I\Hl.4g
.n: I\"'-'~ 1\"'-'€ M7> I\"~fMA
"
I
A I\H'-'E 1\"1.4 A I\"l.4d
"
B 1\",-,1: i\lfU.A I\HU.A
M I\"'-'fMll AH'-'''' I\"l.4fMd
JI I\H~Tf AI{~fX7> I\"l.4g

Ko.n: HMeImua cpe.n:H>er po.n:a HOMHHaTHB, aKY3aTHB H BOKamB cy je.n:HaKH.

Y HHCTpYMeHTaJIY MHOIKHHe rrOHeKa.n: ce, rro.n: YTHuajeM PYCKOr je3HKa, cpene HaCTaBaK -AIM"
(Tponap, 8, jYJIH).
Y JIOKaTHBY MHOIKHHe MeKe H Mewo«ume npoMeHe cpeny ce H HaCTaBUH -HX7> H -fX7>
O.n:HOCHO -AX7>; KO.n: MeKe rrpoMeHe cpene ce H HaCTaBaK -AlX7>.

MMeHHue lKeHCKor H MYIIIKor po.n:a OCHOBa Ha -a- / -ja­

110 OBOj Bpcm MeFbajy ce HMeHHUe lKeHCKor H MaJI06pojHe HMemrue MYIIIKor po.n:a Koje ce
y HOMHHaTHBY 3aBpIIIaBajy Ha -II. HJIH -AI. MMeHHue OBHX OCHOBa .n:eJIe ce Ha TpH rro.n:rpyrre,
06pa3yjynH m«poy, MeKY H Mewo«umy BapHjaHTY npOMeHe. Y m«poy BapHjaHTY YJIa3e
HMeHHUe C OCHOBOM Ha TBp.n:H caMOrJIaCHHK, y MeKY C OCHOBOM Ha MeKH CaMOrrraCHHK H Ha
-j (c\lAiJ. ). AKO ce OCHOBa HMeHHua OBHX OCHOBa 3aBpIIIaBa Ha HerrqaHH cyrnacmIK HJIH Ha -1.4­
, oH.n:a ce TaKBe HMeHHUe MeFbajy rro Meuw«umoj rrpoMeHH.

TBp.n:a rrpoMeHa
)l{eHcKH po.n:
je.n:HHHa MHOIKHHa .n:BojHHa
H mfHd m€",:>, m€HTf
,
r mEH"i mEHIl
,
m€HS
,
,n: mfHTf mt:HdM7> mEHAMII.
A mmS m€HI.I m€H-li
,
B tfifHO
- m€""i tfi€HTf

15
 11 if\fHOIO if\fHdMr.I if\fHdMd -
JI if\fH1i if\fHdX7. if\6H~

M yrlIIm pO,n
Je,nmma MHO)llliHa ,nBojHHa
, ,
H liOfliOAi\ li06liO,o\hl li06liO,o\ofi
r 60fKO,o\hl KOfliO,o\7. li0 6 liO,o\\l
,
,n; KOE60,o\ofi 60f1iO,o\dM'b 1i0fliO,o\dMd
,
A 60f60,o\\l 6061i0,o\hl 60660,o\ofi
,
B 60ffiO,o\O fi066O,o\hl fi06fiO,o\'ii
11 Ii offi0,0\010 6Of60,o\dMH 1i0ffiOAi\Md
JI fiOf60,o\ofi 60f60Ai\X'b KOfliO,o\\l

MeKa rrpOMeHa
)I(eHCKH pO,ll
je,nmma MHO)l{HHa ,nBOJHHa
H 3 fMIl h\ 3 fMIIH 36 MII11
,
r 3 EMAH 3fMfllh 36 MllIO
,n; 3 fMIIH 3fMII~M'b
I
3fMMMd
A 3 fM I\IO 3 rM I\" 36
MA
"
B 3 EMilf
I

3 fMIIH MII
36 "
11 3fMllfIO 3fMII~MH 3fMIIMMd
JI. 3 fMIIH 3fMi\~X'b 36 M I\IO

MYJJJKH po,n
je,nHHHa MHO)l{HHa ,nBojHHa
H c\lMJ. C\l,o\i'H c\l,o\iH
r c\l,o\iti c~,o\iH. C~AfH t\l,o\itO
,n; C\l,o\iH c\l,o\i~M'b c\l,o\i~Md
A c\l,o\itb c\l,o\iH c\l,o\TH
B c\l,o\if c\l,o\iH c\l,o\iH
11 C\l,o\iflO ,\l,o\j~MH c\l,o\UMd
JI c\l,o\iH t\l,o\i~X'b c\l,o\itO

MeJJJOBHTa rrpOMeHa
)I(eHCKH po,n
je.nHHHa MHO)llliHa ,nBojHHa
H ,o\\lwA ,o\~WH ,o\\lWH
-
r A\lwti ,o\~W'b ,o\\lwg
,n; ,o\\lWlf ,o\\lWdM'b ,o\\lWdi\\d
A ,o\~Ill\l ,o\~Ill'" ,o\\lIllH
B ,o\\lWf ,o\~WIt ,o\\lwH
11 ,o\\llllflO A\lllldMH A\lllldMd
JI A\lIllH At?WdX71 A\llllg

16
 MLymKIi pO,ll;
Je,ll;Hlflm MHO)l(IiHa ,ll;BOJIiHa
H ..
IOHOlUd I¢HUJlUH .oHWlUH
r ..
IOHOlUH
..
IOHOlU'b .oHWlU~
,[( .oHOlUH tOHOWdM'b tOHOlUdMd
A .oHOW~ tOHOWhl .oHWWH
... "
B IOHOW~ tOHUJWH IOHWlUH
11 "
IOHOWEIO "
IOHOWdMH "
IOHOWdMd
JI "
IOHOWH tOHOWdX'b tOHOW~

I1MeHHu:e C OCHOBOM Ha HerrqaHM cyrnacHMK

MyIllKM R )f(eHCKM po.!{
Je.!{HHHa MHO)f(IiHa ,ll;BojRHa
,
H KMAhitld KAdAhltlH 6MAh11 rli
r KMAhitlH 6MAhitl'b 6MAWtl~
,[( KMAhiL\,1i 6MAhitldM'b 6MAhitldMd
"
A 6MAhitl~ 6AdAhltlH 6AdAhl 4t
i B 6MAh!tlO 6MAhltlH
~

6t\dA 4tw
11 KMAhitlOfO 6MAhitldMH 6MAhitldMd
JI KMA bI 4 1i KMAh!tldX'b ".
6t\dAWld~

Je.!{HIiHa MHO)f(MHa .!{BoJIiHa

H 'A~ra cA~rH tA~3i
r 'A~r" tA~r'b tA~r~
,[( CA~3t CA~rAM'b 'l\~rAMd
A cA~rg CA~r" 'A~3i
B CA~ro 'A~r" cA~3i
11 'l\~rolO CI\~rAMH cA~rAMd
JI tA~3t CA~rAX'b cA~r~

je.!{HllHa MHO)f(MHa ,n:BojIiHa

H CHOXd ,"UJX" tHwct
r CHOXH CHOX'b CHUJX~
,[( 'Hoct tH°XAM'b tHOXAMA
A tHOX~ CHUJX" CHUJ'i
B CHOXO CHWXI1 tHW~
11 CHOXOfO CHoXdMH tH°XdMd
JI tHoCt CHOXdX'b . rHUJX~ -
ITo OBHM OCHOBaMa Meffia y ce H HeKa nMqHa IiMeHa MymKor Ii )l(eHCKOr pO,ll;a.
H ,nltid IlediA MApid
r iI~ti" Iledi" MAp'iH
,[( iI~4t IlcAi" Mt\p'iH
A iI~ti~ IlCdilO Mdp'ilO

13 iI~r;o
- IlcAif Mdpif

17
 M .rf~I\OIO - I1cdiflo
I1c~iH
..dlA.phlO
]I lf~lrli M£lp'iH

HanOMeHe!
l1MeH.IU:~e MymKor po,n.a Ha -i£l Y JIOKaTHBY je,n.HHHe MOry HMaTH HaCTaBaK -fM'6: HCdifM'6.
TIpe,n. i Y ,n.amBY H JIOKamBY je,n.HHHe H HOMHHaTHBY, aKY3arnBY H BOKarnBY ,n.BojHHe
HMeHBqa C OCHOBOM Ha 1\, r, X' OBH KpajlbB cymaCHBqH Melbajy ce Y Lt,3,c. M3Y3eTaK je
HMeHHqa ndCXd, r,n.e ce X Melba He Y c, Ben Y Lt: ndcLtt.
MMeHHqe Koje ce 3aBpIIIaBajy Ha -'Id, -md, -Wd, -qlL\, -Ltd (Mpfmd, nplfT'Id, C~Wd, f\~tpd, A1;6.HLtd
) Y BOKarnBY HMajy HaCTaBaK -f YMeCTO -0, a Y BHCTpYMeHTaJIY -flO YMeCTO -010.

HMeHBqe OCHOBa Ha -i-

Y OBe OCHOBe CITa.n.ajy HMeHHqe YrJIaBHOM iKeHCKor H MaJIH 6poj BMeHB.Qa MYllIKor po,n.a Koje
ce Y HOMBHaTHBY je.n:HBHe 3aBpIIIaBajy Ha -I., aJIH KO.n: KOjHX He' .n:OJIa3H .n:o YMeKIIIaBalba
Kpajlber cyrJIaCHHKa OCHOBe.
Y CTapBM TeKCTOBBMa ITO OBBM OCHOBaMa MelbaJIe cy ce H MHore BMeHH.Qe MYllIKor po.n:a
(TdT!., rOA~Iib., rOtT!. H .n:p. ), Koje ce ca.n.a Melbajy Kao HMeHH.Qe oeHOBa Ha -0-/ -jo-.

)l{eHcKH po.n:
je.n:HBHa MHOiKBHa .n:BojHHa

PdAOCTfMll pAAOtTb.Md, -fMd

PdAWCTH PdAWtTH

MlyIIIK1I po.n:
je.n.HHHa , MHOiKHHa .n:BOJHHa
H n~T!. n~Tn n\hH
r n~TH "~hfH, -iH n\/Titb
.n: n~TH n~T€Mll n~TI.Md
A n~TI. n~TH n~TH
B n~TI., -f n~Tn n~TH
M n~TfMll "~Tl.MH n~Tb.Mt\
]I n~lTtl n~TiXll n~Titb

OCHM Tora, ITO OBHM OCHOBaMa Meaajy ce H HMeHHqe Koje HMajy caMO 06JIHKe MHOiKHHe
(pluralia tantum ): mCAH, nEp,", MOtpH, MOAif.
,
H AIOAH, AIOAif M04JH
r '
AIOAEH
. ,
MOL(JfH
~

,
.n: AIOAfM'6 MOL(JfMll
,
A AIOAH MOL(JH
B AIOAH. o1.tOAif M2,L(JH
M - ... ...
AIOAIlMH MOL(JhMH -

18
 HMeHH:u:a romoAh Y MHO:>KHHH HMa IIpOMeHY IIO OBHM OCHOBaMa.

MMeHH:u:e MJIIIKOr po,na OCHOBa Ha -n-

Y IIpOMeHY IIO OBHM OCHOBaMa YJI33e HMeHH:u:e MYIUKOr po,na Koje ce Y HOMHHaTHBY je,nHHHe
3aBpIIIaBajy Ha -Hh, y3 IIpO,nY:>KaBaIbe OCHOBe y KOCHM IIa,l(e:>KHMa. OBe HMeHH:u:e y CTapHHH cy
HMaJIe 3aBpIIIeTaK Ha -1.1, IIOHeKa,l( C ,no,naTKOM cylj>HKca -1l71: IldMblll'b (.JlK 17, 29 ).
KapaKTepHCTJIlma oco6HHa IIpOMeHe no OBHM OCHOBaMa je HaCTaBaK reHHTHBa je.ll;HHHe -f.
Ko,n HMeHH:u:a A~Hh, 'Tm~HI. H IlOPfH!. HeMa OBe H3MeHe y OCHOBH.

je.ll;HHHa MHO:>KHHa ,nBOJHHa

H AiH!.
-
AHH, -if I AUH
r AH!: AHiH, -iii I AHit¢, AHI¢

lI. AHH, AHfliH AH€ M 'b AfH(!')M!l

A Aim,
-
AHH
-
AHH
B
,
AfH!.
-
AHH, -if
-
AHH
,
II AHfM'b AfHhMH AEH!.M!l
Jl AH" AH~X'b AuiKl, AHI¢

je,nHIma MHO:>KHHa ,nBOJHHa

H nt\dMfHh, nt\dM!.1 nt\dM€ H H, -f ndM€ H U
r nt\dMEHE nt\dMfHiIi, -EH ndMEH)$

lI. ndMEHU nt\AMEH€M7> ~HhMA' nt\AMEHEMA

,
A nMMfHh nt\AM€HH H
€ H
B nt\AMbI, nt\AMEHh nt\dM€ H H nt\dM€ H H
,
II nt\dMEHEM7> hMH ,nt\AMEHhMA, nt\dMEHEMA
11 nt\AMEHH nhdMfHEX71 nt\dMfH)$

Kao HMeHHI{a nt\AM"H!. MeIbajy ce HMeHH:u:e: IldMEHh, pEMfHh, IlPEMfH!. H IlOpfHh.

Ko.n. HMeHH:u:e IlAMEHh YMecTo 06JIHKa MHO)l(HHe KOPHCTH ce 36HPHH 06JIHK IlAMfHiL

llMeHH:u:e )l(eHCKOr po,na Ha -u-

Y OBY rpyny cna.n.ajy HMeHH:u:e )l(eHCKOr po.n.a Koje y CBHM 06JIH:U:HMa, OCHM HOMHHaTHBa
je.n.HHHe, HMajy npoIIIHpeIbe OCHOBe -Oli-. OCHM Tora, y OBY rpyny cna,l(ajy H HMeHH:u:e
"pOKh H U,iPllOK!., KO,n KOjHX OCHOBa HOMHHaTHBa o,nroBapa OCHOBaMa KOCHX IIa,l(e)l(a.

je,nHHHa MHO)l(HHa ,nBojHHa !

H Clifllph' CHfllPWKH ClifllPWKH
r ' .
~
t:lUtlpOKnf tKfllPWKIKl
, ,
lI. tlUIlPOK!lM71 CKfllPOK!lM!l
,
I
A CIUtlPOKh tlUIlPWKH tKEtlPWKH
,
B ClUtlp!.! ClUIlPWKH ClUIlPWKH
II tKfllPOKilO C:HftlPOHAMH tHltlP OK!lMA
Jl tliEllpOHH
. . CIUtlPOKAX71
'
tKfl\pWKIKl '.
, <
....

19
 je,zuuma MHO)l(HHa
H lI,i 1l0KI:.
I

lI,6P"KH
r lI,fPlliU
I
. lI,fPIlKfH
~

,[{ lI,ipllKH lI,ipllKdMn

,
A U,fP"OKb U,~PtlKH
B I

l\fP"K~, L\fP"OKb L\€P"KH U,6pIlKH

I
H lI,i 1l0Kil¢ U,iptlKAMH lIf pt\KAMA
]I U,fPKKH U,EptlKd 'b. U,iPI\WKito

HMemrne )l(eHCKOr po.n;a OCHOBa Ha -p-

Y npoMeHY no OBHM OCHOBaMa cna.n;ajy HMeHHne )l(eHCKOr po.n;a Koje ce Y HOMHHaTHBY
je.n;H1me 3aBpmaBajy Ila -H, a Y OCTaJIHM 06JIHnHMa HMajy npoillHpeFbe OCHOBe Ha -~p-.

Je,l1;Hlma MHO)l(HHa .n;BOJHHa

H MdTH MdT6PH MdT"P"
I

4A
MdTfPf
Md'ffPH
M~'ffPh
MdTfpm, Md'ffPfH
Md'ffpfMn
MATep"
MdT6pito
Md'ffPfMA
MATep"
B I
MdT" MdT6P" MdT6P"
I

11 MdTfpifO
I
Md'ffPb.MH MdTfPfMd
]I MdTfPH Md'ffPf"l('b. MdT6pito

e.n;HHHa MHO)l(HHa .n;BO HHa

H Att.ll)
A 6 ito

HMeHHne cpe.n;Fber po.n;a oeHOBa Ha -n-, -t- H -s-

Y npOMeHY no OBHM OCHOBaMa cn3,lJ,ajy HMeHHne cpe.n;:a.er po.n;a c rrpo.ny}KaBaH>eM

OCHOBe y I<OCHM na,ne)l(HMa. Y OBoj npOMeHH MoryliHo je H3.n;BojHTH no.n;rpyne.

1. HMeHHn;e Koje ce y HOMHHaTHBY, aKY3aTHBY H BOKaTHBY je.n;HHHe 3aBpmaBajy Ha -M;:o., a

y OCTaJIMM na,u;C}KHMa HMajy npomHpeFbe -fH-.

20
 Je.llHHHa MHOJKHHa .llBojHHa
/ H HMAI
-
HMfHd
..
HM6HH
r HMfHf
-
HMEH7> HMfHll
,l{ .. - , -

t
HM"HH HMfH6M7>. HMfHWM7> HMfHEMA. -dMA
A ..
HMAI
-
HMfHA HM6HH
B .
HMAI
-
HMfHd HM6HH
If "MflffM7>
-
HMfHl.', -
HMfHEMA, -dMA
!

n "
HMflfH HMfHiiX71. iiMfH~
Y OBY rrO.llrpyrry crr8,!J;ajy HMeHHIJ.e: 6pEMAI, nAEMAI, dlMAI H J(pyre HMemIlJ.e Koje cc y
. .
HOMHHaTHBY JeJ(HHHe 3aBpIJlaBaJY Ha -MAl.

2. IfMeHHIJ.e Koje ce y HOMHHaTHBY, aKY3aTHBY H BOKaTHBY je.llHHHe 3aapIIIaaajy Ha -AI (-A ),

a y OCTaJIHM rraJ(eJKHMa HMajy rrpOIIIHpeffiC -AlT- (-AT- ).

-
jeJ(HHHa
­
MHO)KHHa
-
J(BOJHHa i
H OTPO'fd OTPO'fATd. OTPW'fATH

(
( A
r
.n
-
OTPO'fATf
-
OTPO'fATH
-
OTPO'fd
-
OTPO'fdT7I.
r OTPO'fAT6 M 7I., OTPO'fdTUJM'b
OTPO'fd'fd.
OTpO'fAT~

-
O'fATfMd., -AMd.
OTPW'Id TH
B -
OTPO'ld
-
OTPO'fA'fd.
-
OTPUJ'IATH
If
-
OTPO'fATfM7>
- ,
OTPO'ld. T!.I OTPO'ldTfMA, -t\.MA
n -
OTPO'fATH OTPO'fdTiiX'b OTpO'fAT~
-
IIo OBOM o6pacIJ.Y MCffiajy cc H HMCHHIJ.e: mpfllb., KOgAb., 06'1A, IOIf'fA H J(pyre.

3. IfMCHHIJ.C Kojc cc y HOMHHaTHBY, aKY3aTHBY H BOKaTHBY jeJ(HHHe 3aapillaBajy Ha -0, a Y

OCTaJIHM 06JIHIJ.HMa HMajy rrpOIJlHpelf>e -riC-.

jC.llHHHa MHOJKHHa J(BojHHa

,
H HEllO HfllftA Hfli6tH
r HfllHi: Hfllfe7> HEllH~
)J; HfllHlf IfEllH6M7I. HEllf[fMA

'( A
B
HEllO
HEllO
HfllHA
HfllftA
HEll6 CH
Hfll6 cH
If HmftfM7I. Hfliftl.l "fliftEMd.
n HflifeH Hffm-liX7> Hfllf[~

IIo OBOM o6pacIJ.Y MCffiajy CC H HMcHHIJ.e: tAOKO, '1~AO, T-liAo, MiKO, 1l0AO, dllO, OVXO H J(Pyrc.

IfMCHHIJ.a tAOIlO Y je.llHHHH o6pa3yje 06JIHKe KaKO C rrpOIIIHpefficM OCHOBC TaKO H 6e3 ffiera.
IIpOIIIHpeffie O,n:CyCTByjc y TOM CJIyqajy K8,!J;a RMeHRIJ.a tAOKO 03HaQaaa XpHCTa. IIPH TOMC
KOPHCTH ce 06JIRK BOKaTRBa tAOKf. Tpe6a HaJIOMCHYTH ,n:a ce KO,n: RMCHHIJ.a cpCJ(ffier po,n:a
BOKaTHB CJIaJKe C HOMRHaTRBOM. 06JIHK tAOKf y 3HaQeffiY Eor - enOBO, XPRCTOC, rrpe,n:CTaBJba
H3Y3CTaK.

21
 I1MeHIfqe OIlO II 0YXO y je;llHIfHIf II MHO)l(IfHIf MelLajY·Ce C npOlimpelLeM -H-,.a y ;llBOjIfHll
6e3 lLera.

...
H O'iH °VWH
r O'lifO
A ,
ofwifO
A ,

L{ O'lHMA OyWHMA
A
.
O'iH
..
OyWH
...
B O'iH OYWH
11 -
O'lHMd
~

OVUJtiMd
n o'filO oYUJilO

3AMEHl1QE

3aMeHIfqe cy npOMeHJI,IfBe peqIf KojllMa ce 3aMeH.yjy IfMeHllqe, npIf.neBIf IfllIf 6pojeBIf,

O.nHOCHO lLIfMa ce ynyhyje Ha llmJ,a II npe,1(MeTe IIllII Ha IbIfXOBe oco6IIHe.

ITo CBOMe 3Ha'-le1bY 3aMeHIIqe ce .nene y cne.nehe rpyne:

nIIqHe: A321, T(.'r, OH21 (oHA,oHo);
nOBpaTHa: ufi6;
nOKa3He: TOH (TA / T~Ii'>, TO / TOf ), ciH (cU, tif ), OK21 (OKA, OKO ), OKb.lli (OKAIi'>, OKN ),
Tcu;iH (Tc\dli'>, Tc\t\O~ ), TAt\OKI..;H (TA.liOKdIi'>, TAt\OKOf ), TOAHI\21 (TOAHI\A, TOAHI\O ),
CH~~KWH(rH~fKAIi'>, tH~"KOf );
npIfcBojHe: MOH, TKOH, CKO", HdUJ21, K~UJ21;
ynIITHe: 1\'1'0, 'ITO; 1l111, '1iii; !\dlliA, t\AIlOK21/ t\c\t\oKwA, rdt\OK21 / rdIlOKb.iH,IlOAHIl21 /IlOAHlliH,
t\OTOPI..IH;
O;llHOCHe: Hffif (lliffif, f€ fif ), A
€ HIl21 / A
€ f1IliH, rdt\21 / rdlllH;
o.npe~eHe: K~CI..,KCt1\Il'b / KCt1\t\iH, r~M'b / r~MI..IH, t\iHffiAO, H"'b / HHhIH, KCt1\'1fClliH;
HeO;llpe~eHe: H'IiIlTO, "'6'1'1'0, Hl4t\iH;
o;llpuqHe: HHKTO, HH'ITO, HH"TOffi~, HH'ITOffi~, HHKiA, HHKOTOpt..II'L

ITo muny npOMeHe, 3aMeHIfqe ce .nene y .nBe rpyne. Y npBy rpyny cna.najy 3aMeHIIqe
.\321, Th'" Ufi6, ynIITHe t\TO, 'ITO, HeO;llpe~eHe Hl4IlTO, Hl4'lTO II O;llpIIQHe HHIlTO, HH'ITO. To
cy TIB. je;llHopo;llHe 3aMeHIIqe, Tj. He Meffiajy ce no PO;llOBHMa. OCTane 3aMeHHqe -
TpOpO)lHe - cna.najy y ;llpyry rpyny If MeIbajy ce Kao 3aMeHIIqa OH21 (OHA, OHO ).
TaKo~e, o;llBajajy ce m6poa II MeKa BapIIjaHTa npOMeHe. Y BapIIjaHTY MeKe npOMeHe
cna.najy 3aMeHHqe Hffif (!dffiE, f€ fif ), MOH, TKOH, CKOH, ciA (ri&., tif ), '1iH, 'ITO. Y TIIn TBp;lle
npOMeHe cna.najy 3aMeHHqe TOH (TA / 'I'dii'>, TO / TO~ ), C~M21, OU (OKA, OKO ), HH21, A
€ HIl21,
KOAti~'b, rdt\OK21, Ilc\t\h'i, Tdt\it'i. 3aMeHIfqe H~UJ'b, KAW21, Kfth IIMajy HacT!ffiKe II TBp";lle II MeKe
BapIfJaHTe npOMeHe.

nllqRC 3aMeHIfqe 3a 1 II 2. mqe If nOBpaTHa 3aMeHIfqa IfMajy IfCTe HaCTaBKe, CRMO nOBpaTHa
. 3aMeHIfqa HeMa-06JIHKe MHO:>KlUle If .nBojWIe, a y je;llHHlHI HeMa o6mKa~oMIfHaTIIBa.

22
 JIwme 3aMemU.{e 3a 1 H 2. JIHI.{e

Je,l:(HHHa MHO>KHHa ,l:(BoJHHa

...
MW
H
r
1.\3 71
MfH€ HAt71
. K1i, MI.;
HAlO
)J; MH1i, MH HdM71 HAMA
A MfHf, M~ HdCb, Hbi Hbi
B - - j -

Ii MHOIO HAMH HAMI.\

JI MH1i HAC71 I HAlO

M.p. )K. P. Cpo p.

! H 'f1.1
,
lIb.;
,
Rd., Kb.i
,
r 'HH€ KAC71 KthO
)J; 'f'EH1i, TH
I
KI.\M71 KAMI.\
A TfHf, T~ K4C71, Rbi K!.'
B - - -
Ii TOIiOIO KAMH KAMA
JI Tfli1i KAC71 KAIO i

IloBpaTHa 3aMeHHQa

H -
,
r tfli€
)J; m.1i, CH
A UHf, c~
B -
Ii rosolO
JI us1i

06paTHTe rra)l<IbY Ha TO, ,l:(a:

Y reHHTHBY je,l:(HHHe CTOjll HaCTaBaK -6, a Y aKY3aTllBY -~;
Y .n.aTHBY H JIOKaTllBY je,l:(HllHe llMajy HaCTaBaK -11.
Y ,l:(aTllBY II aKY3aTHBY je,l:(HllHe II aKY3aTllBY MHO)l(llHe Moryna cy ,l:(Ba 06JIllKa - rryHll II
KpaTKll. OBH rryHll H KpaTKll 06JIllQH llMajy HCTO 3HaqeH>e. Ka,l:(a KpaTKll 06JIllI.{H cToje rrOCJIe
peqll Koja llMa aKI.{eHaT Ha KpajH>eM BOKaJIY, OH,l:(a KpaTKll 06JIHI.{ll 3aMeHllI.{e ry6e CBOj
aKQeHaT, a KO,l:( rrpeTXO,l:(He peqH MeH>a ce aKI.{eHaT y OIIITPll. OBll KpaTKll 06JIHI.{ll 3aMeHllI.{a
Ha3llBajy ce eH.1UlUmUllKUM. MeijYTllM, aKO Ha OBllM 3aMeHllI.{aMa rra,l:(a JIOrllqKll aKI.{eHaT,
OH,l:(a OHe Taj aKQeHaT He ry6e, HllTH ce MeH>a aKI.{eHaT rrpeTXO,l:(He peqll.
AKO ce aKY3aTllB rrOBpaTHe 3aMeHHI.{e ,l:(O,l:(aje rJIarOJIY, marOJI rrocTaje rrOBpaTHII: MOAHM71­
MOAHMCHI. Ii3Meijy rnarOJIa II rrOBpaTHe 3aMeHllQe MO)Ke ce rrojaBllTll JIllqHa 3aMeHllQa:
.MOAHM TH CHI, rAH.

- -
23
JIH9Ha 3aMeHHIJ;a 3. JIHIJ;a ),lo6Hlla je 3Ha'Ielbe llH'IHOr ),lOCTa KaCHO. Y CTapHM TeKCTOBHMa.
3aMemlua OH71 HMa 3HaqeIbe lIOKa3He 3aMeHHIle "Taj". Y OBOM 3HaQeIbY OHa ce IIOHeKa,ll
cpene H y caBpeMeHHM 6orocJIYilC6eHHM KIbHraMa. 3aTO ce .neKJIHH3.JlHja OBe 3aMeHHIle
pa3JIHKYje O),l ),leKnHHa.I{Hje 3aMeHHua 3a 1 H 2. nHUe H lIoBpaTHe. OBa 3aMeHHua Melba ce He
CaMO lIO lIa,z:(e)l(lfMa H 6poj eBHMa, Ben H ITO PO),lOBHMa.

M. p. )1(, p. cpo p.
~ ~

H "
OH71 OHa, OHO
r
~ ., ~

r€ u)
r€ u) €~

.n €M~
~

+
H
€
.
€M~
+
A € r o, H 10 €
B - - -
M I1M7l I€ O HM7l
JI M
€ 71 (§H € " 71
M

M.p. )IC p. cp. p.

.omi -
H OWE OHH
r HX7l HX 71 "X7l
.n ~
HM7l
'/'
HM71
~

HM7l
+
A HX7l, J. HX'b, J. ~

B - - -
M ~H HMH HMH
JI HX7l "X7l "X7l

M. p. )K. p. cp.p.
H OHA OWS OHA
r -, .,
t€ O I€ O I€ O
.n HMA
+
HMA
+
HMA
.
A ~ ~ ~

B -... -. -
..
M HMA HMA HMA
JI t€ O
-,
I€ O
-,
I€ O

06paTHTe rraIKlbY Ha TO ),la 3aMeHHue M. p. Y reHHTHBY je),lHHHe HMajy HaCTaBaK -W, a y

aKY3aTImy -0.
Y KOCHM rra),leIKHMa, rroelle rrpe),lllOra, llH'IHa 3aMeHHIJ;a ),106Hja H- Koje ce 06aBe3HO jOTyje:
uJ HfM71, 3A mo.
3aMeHHua M. p. Y aKY3aTHBY it cKpanyje y h: HdHh, KOHh, 3dH!..
06llHUH reHHTHBa OBe 3aMeHHUe KopHcTe ce 3a 03Ha'IaBalbe rrpHcBojHe 3aMeHHIJ;e 3. llHua
lbe206, lbe206a, lbe2060. 06llHK lIPHcBojHe 3aMeHHIle r€ WK71 lIOCBe.nOQeH je je)J;HHM
npHMepoM (PHMJb 8, 9 ).

TIoKa3He 3aMeHHue
M.p. IK. p. Cp.p.

r Toru) Toru)

.
~,
TOH, Toro
.TOM~

24
 M. p. )1(. p. cp. p.
A A

H 1'iu njll\ 1'AII\, 1'A

-r 1'-lix'll 1'-lix'b 1'-lix'b
J{ nM'll 1'-liM'll 1'ofiM'll
A
-
A 1'1.111\, 1'ofiX'b 1'I.j 11\, 1'ofiX'b 1'AII\1 1'A
B - - -
M 1'ofiMH 1'ofiMH 1'ofiMH
n 1'ofiX'b, 1'I.j X71 1'ofi X71 , nlX71 1'ofi X'b, 1'I.'X71

M.p. )1(. p. CPO p.

A

H 1'A 1'11 1'A., 1'11

r 1'WIO nuto 1'WIO
J{ 1'ofiMd 1'ofiMA 1'ofiMd
A 1'd
- 1'ofi 1'~, 1'11
!

B - -
M 1'1i.MA 1'ofiMd 1'1i.Md
n 1'WIO 1'Wto 1'WIO

M.p. )1(. p. cpo p.

H cUi, riff ,,~ ci~, d:
r Hrw [f~ Cfrw
J{ UM~ tiff nM~
A nrc, rUi dtO dE, d
B - -, -
M CHM71 CUM'l1 rHM71
n riM'll dM'l1 rfM'b

M.p. )1(. p. cpo p.

H dH rill\
A
-
rjll\
r tHX71 tHX71 CHX'b
J{
A

tHM'b
-
tHM'l1
-
rHM'b
A CHX'b, d~ till\
- cjll\-
B - - -
M CHMH eHMH eHM"
n 'HXa 'HXa - . nix a
.

M. p. )1(. p. cpo p.
A

H cill\ riff riff

r nlO mo,
-
cilO nlO
,
J{ eHMA nfMA CffMA
A cjll\ - -,
(IH !:itt

25
 B­ - - -, - -
H niMI\ ,"MI\
I
'HMA
, ,
II (flO (flO (flO
\

no o6pacuy TOH MeH.ajy ce 3aMeHHue: TOHffiAf, 'dM71, ""71, dli71, Tdti71,

"If ,... , I ,

~ti71,TOAHti71,~AHti71,tiOAHti71,Ii'~ti71.

Bpoj A
€ HH71 yrro-rpe6JbaBa ce y 3HaQeFbY Heo.[(pegeHe 3aMeHHue (€AHH71 Iff AO1f.'6ti71 ­
H'litiiH 'UAOKoIiti71 ), H MeFba ce ITO o6pacuy 3aMeHHue TOH.

M.p. )K. p. cpo p.

H MOH MOb. MOf
r MOfrw MOfb. MOfrw

.n: MOfMg MoUi MOfMS

A MOfro, MOH MOIO MO~
B - - -
11 MOHM71 MOflO MOHM71
n MOI:M71 MOfH MOfM71

M.p. )1(. p. cpo p.

H MOH MO~, (MW.i) MO~, (i\\w.i)
r MOliX71 MOHX71 MOHX71

.n: MO"M71, (MWHM71) MO"M71, (MUJHM71) MO"M71, (MWHM71)

A MO~, MOHX71 MO~, MOHX71 MO~, (MW.i)
B - - -
If -;OHMH ,"OHMH MOHMH
n OHX71 MoHX71 MOtiX71

M.p. )1(. p. cpo p.

A

H MO~ MOH Mott

r A\O€IO MOGIO MO(51O
,
!
.n: MOHMIl
-
MOHMA MOHMIl
A MO~, MOt. Moil
B
11 MOHMA MOHMIl MOHMA
n MOGIO MO€IO MO€IO

M.p. )1(. p. cp.p.

r
A
B

-,
HllllIfH
.

26
 M. p. )l(. p. Cpo p.
H HdWH
,
HAWfiI
-
nAWA
r HAWHX7t HdWHXIl Hd WH X7t -
)l HdWHMIl HdWHMIl HdWHMIl
A HAWfiI, HdwHXIl
,
HAWfiI HAWA
- I

B - - -
IiI HdwHMH HdwHMH fldWHMH
11 HAWHXIl HdWHXIl HdWHX7t

M.p. )1(. p. cpo p.

H -
HAWA HAwH HAWH
r.L ,
iiAlil€/Q HAlil€/Q iidlil€i¢
,n: HAWHMA
,
HAWHMA HAwHMA
A
{

HAWA HAWH HAWH

B - - -
IiI HAWHMA HAWHMA HAWHMA
11 HAW€to HAW€IO HdW€1O

ITPHcBojHe 3aMeHHll.e MOH, TKOH, mOH rrOHeKa,u ce 3aMeffiyjy KpaTKHM 06JIHll.HMa ,naTHBa
3aMeHHll.a 3a 1 H 2. JIHll.e H rrOBpaTHe (MH, TH, c" ).
3aMeHHll.e HAW'b, KdW'b rrpHIIa,uajy MeuL06umoj rrpOMeHH, 1]. OHe ce yrJIaBHOM Meffiajy rro
MeKoj rrpOMeHH, caMO IIITO ce jOTOBaHH BOKarrH 3aMeffiyjy TBP,nHM. Y MHO)1(HHH HaCTaBaK -0.
HMa <PYHKll.Hjy Pa3JIHKOBalba rra,ue)Ka.

YnHTHe 3aMemru:e
M.p_ )1(. p. cp. p. i

H tliii, tloii I\dfil I\Of

r I\OfrW 1\0 f 0. 1\0frW i
,n: tlOfM~ I\oui 1\0fM~
A tliii, tlOfrO I\~IO tlOf
B - - -
,
IiI 1\0HM'b, l\iHM'b 1\0fto 1\0HM'b, I\IHM'b
{

11 1\0fM'b I Koni tlOfMIl

M.p. )1(. p. cp.p.

H _tllH, tlOH Kifil, tlOfil
-
tlAfiI
r tlOHXll, r;iHXIl KOHXIl, l\iHXIl 1\0HXIl, fliHXIl
)l flOHM7t (flWHMIl), tlIHM7t flOHMIl (I'iWHMIl), KIHMIl I'iOHMIl (I'iWHM7t), I'i(HMIl
A 1'i0fil, l'iifil, 1'i0HXIl, lliHX7t KOfil, 1\10., I'iOHXIl, l'iiHXIl
-
I'iAfiI
B - - -
IiI I'iOHMH, KIHMH 1'i0HMH, I'ilHMH KOHMH, I'iIHMH
11 ~OHXIl, KiHXIl _KOHX7t, ~iHXIl K,9Hl:Il, l'iiHXIl
- , .. ~-

27
 M.p. )1(. cp.p.
~
, t
H I\dAl I\IH I\IH
tlWflO (tlOflO) I\WflO (tl Oflo ) I\WflO (tlOflO)

tlOHMd, ';IHMd
-
tlOHMd, ,;iHMd
,
tlOHMd, tl(HMd

tldAl tliH tliH

Ii KOHMd, tliHMd KOHMd, KIHMA tlOHMd, tliHMd

J1 !\uJflO (Kono) tlWflO (tlOflO)

H tlTO 'tTO
r Korw 'tfrw, 'tfrw, 'lfrOrW
)l KOMI1, tlOfM~ 'tfMI1, 'lfCoMI1
A Koro 'ITO, 'tHO
B -

Hf­ tlHM7>
KOM7>
'lHM7>

'tfM7>, 'lHOM7>

Kao 3aMeHIIlla tliH, 1\0':; MeFbajy CC 3aMCHIIlle: 'ti", H1itliH, HHtliH, ,;iHmAO.
YmUHe 3aMCmm;e tlTO, 'ITO MeI-bajy ce CaMO y je,runIHH. Kao OHe Mea.ajy ce H 3aMeHIIu;e:
HHI\TO,HH'tTO, HHtlTOmf, HH'lTOmf,H1itlTO,H1i'lTO.
AKa CC O'upIIQHa 3aMCHIIl(a 3,UPY)1(yjc CrrpC,UJIoroM, OH CC CTaBJba II3MCljy HH II 3aMciml(c:
HfPdAth.UH HH WtlOMmf (MT 22, 16 ).

OrrIIITa (O,UpeljeHa ) 3aMCHHlla

M.p. )1(. p. Cpo p.
,
H K~n, {iCAI IHf
,
r
~
Ktfrw Kurw
)l KtfMg KCfMSi
A KCfro, Kfc!. KCIO Kef
B - - -
Ii Kt1iM7> KtflO KC1iM7>
,
J1 KrfM7> Ktf" KtfM7>

M.p. )1(. p; Cp.p.

~ .
H Imi 6tAl KtAl
r 6t1i 7> Kt1i 7>
)l 6c-liM7> 6t-liM71
~

A RtAl
B
Ii Kt1iMH Kt1iMH
11 Km 71 luf 71

28
 3aMeHIU.J;a Idt.. HMa 06JIHICe H no MeKoj-rt: no TBp.uoj np""oMeHH. ,[{BOjHHY, no CBOM 3HaIJeH,y,
OBa 3aMeHHn:a HeMa. ,[{BOjHHY TaKolje HeMa HH 3aMeHHn:a Kojaje H3 lbe npOHCTeKJIa - IU&\K'6.

M. p. )1(. p. cp. p.
H limf Mmf € l fif
. , . , .
r € r Wlt\E € A lmf € r Wlt\f
,,­
,[{ €M~lfif € H mf €M~lt\f
.
A "It\E. € r Oll\f I¢lt\f € l t\f
B - -
M "Mlt\E € f Olt\f "Mml'
n € M lt\l' € t 'imf € M mf

M.p. )1(. p. cp. p.

~ ~ ~
H Hlt\E IAlt\E IAlt\E
r HX mf tiXlfif HXlt\f I

;n: ~
HMlt\E
~
HMlt\E
~
HMlt\E
~
~
A iXIml', IAlt\E
H Hxmf. tAlt\E IAlt\E
B - - -
H ..
HM"lt\E HMHmf HMHlt\E
-

n HxmE "xmf HXlt\l'

~
M.p.
of
)1(. p.
~
cp. p. I
!
H 1Alt\l' lAlt\f IA It\l'
r .,
€ f Omf
-,
€ f Olt\f
-,
(;fOlt\f
;n: HMdmf
.
HMAmf HMAmE
~ ~ ~
A lAmE IAlt\E lAmE
B -... - -
..
H HMAlt\E HMAlt\f HMAmf
n -,
f€ OmE GtOlt\f
-,
f€ OmE

Ko.u 3aMeHHn:e Mlt\E, idmf, emE H OCTaJIHX 3aMeHHn:e Koje ce 3aBprnaBajy peIJn:oM -It\E HJIH -It\AO
Melba ce CaMO npBH .ueo, a peIJn:a -It\E, -It\AO oCTaje HenpoMelbeHa.

I1PM,[{EBM
I1pH.L{eBII 06HIJHO cToje y3 HMeHHn:e H 6JIH)I(e HX o.upeljyjy. Ca HMeHHn:oM y3 KOjy cToje
CJIa)I(Y ce y po.uy, 6pojy H na.n;e:>KY. Pa3[IHKyjeMo .uBa 06JIHKa npH.ueBa : KpaTKH (npocTH) HJIH
Heo.upeljeHH BH.u H .uyrH (CJIO)l(eHH) HJIH o.upeijeHH BH.u. Heo.upeljeHH BH.u liMa HMeHCKY
npOMeHY a o.upeljeHH BH.u 3aMeHHIJKy.

Heo.upeljeHH BH.L{
Y OBY rpyrry npH.ueBa cna.n;ajy npH.ueBH KOjH ce y HOMHHaTHBY je.L{HHHe 3aBprnaBajy Ha -'6
HJIH -Is (M. p. ), -A HJIH -AI ()I(. p. ) H -0 HJIH -f (cp. p. ). Ta .L{BOjaKOCT 3aBprneTKa CBpCTaBa

29
 IIpH,l(eBe HeO,l(peg.eHOr BH,l(a y ,l(Be BapHjaHTe npoMeHe - TBp,l(Y II MeKY. KaKO HMajy HaCTaBKe
rrpOMeHe HMeHHna, rrpOMeHa rrpH.lleBa Heo'[{peljeHor BHJla crra,L{a Y HMeHCKY rrpOMeHY.

TBp,l(a rrpOMeHa
Y OBY npOMeHY cna.uajy npH,l(eBH KOjH ce Y HOMHHarnBY je,WIHHe 3aspmasajy Ha -7. (M. p. ),
p. ) H -0 (cp. p. ). npH,l(eBH MYlliKor H cpe,l(lber pO,l(a Melbajy ce no 06pacny npOMeHe
-d ()lC
HMeHHna MymKor H cpC,l(lber pO,l(a OCHOBa Ha -0-, a npH,l(eBH )l{eHCKOr pO,l(a no 06pacny
npOMeHe HMeHHna )I(eHCKOr pO,l(a OCHOBa Ha -a-.

M.p. )I{. p. cpo p.

H AOliP'l> AOlipA AOlipo
r AOHPd AOl'Pb.1 AOIiPd
,n AOlipg AOliP1i AOIlPS
A AOIiP'l>, AOIiPJ.. AOIlPS AOliPO
B AOliPf A06pA AOlipo
H AOIlPbIM'l> AOlipolO AOIiPklM71
JI AOIiP1i AOIiP1i AOliP1i

M. p. )K. p. cpo p.
\
H AOIlP" AWlijlbl AWllpd
r AWIiP71 AWIiP71 AWIlP'l>
,n AWliPbIM71 AWlipblM71 AWSPklM7.
A AWEpbl AWlipb.1 AWlipA
,
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34
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36
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37
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nem lIJIH "aTeMaTcKa" npcTa. llpe3eHTCKY npcry o,npeljyjeMo rrpeMa 2. JI. je,nH. rrpe3eHTa.
BpcTe cy: I e, II - ne, III - je, IV - i, V aTeMaTCKa.

TIpe3eHT (ca,nawILe npeMe)

llpany ca,n:aIIIILOCT 03HaQanajy HecnpIIIeHH rJIarOJlH y 0600KY rrpe3eHTa, ,nOK 0600K
rrpe3eHTa CBpmeHIIX rJIarOJIa 06HT.JH0 liMa 3HaQeILe 6y,nyhHoCTH.
rpa,n:H ce o,n rrpe3eHTCKe OCHone.
Ko,n rnarona I. II. II III npcTe HaCTaB[{H cy:

I
Je,nHlIHa MHO)KHHa ,nnojHHa

1. ~, 10 EM'll EIiA, Elit

2. Ern" ETE ETt.\, ETt
3. ET'll ~T'll, lOT'll ETA, ETt

Ko,n rJIarona IV npCTe:

je.n;HHHa MHO)KHHa ,nBojllHa

L ~, 10 "M'll "IiA, HKt

2. HW" "TE "TA, "Tt
3. "T'll IlT'h, ~T'h "TA, "Tt

AKO ce OCHona 3anpmaBa Ha 1\, H, P HJIU nOKan, Y1. JI. je,nHHHe HaCTaBaK je -10.
Ko,n rnarona 1. npCTe ca OCHOBOM Ha 3a,n:ILOHerrQaHe CYrJIaCHHKe 1\, r BpIIIlI ce Hcrrpe,n
HaCTanKa f rrpna nanaTanH3auHja.
Ko,n rnarona 4. npcTe, aKO ce OCHona 3anpmana Ha Ii, K, M, n caMO y 1. JI. je,llHHHe ,no,naje ce
eneHTeTCKO 1\ (Koje ce j oryje) ITa HaCTanD:lI.
A ffiA. t = W, T = 1.tJ.:3 ffi Y 1. n. je,nHHHe POAJlTH > pOffiA\:l, pOAJlWJI
Ko,n rJIarona 3. BpcTe KOjU y OCHonH HMajy CeKBeHD:Y -OK4-. -fKt\-. ona CeKBeHD:a ,naje -'il-.
,,'ilnOKt\TH> I\'iln\:l-

MHO)KHHa ,nnOJlIHa

1. ~tMb

6mi (-T1i)

38
 AKo C OBHM 06JIHn:HMa rrpeJeHTa CTOjH o.npnn:afLe, OHJJ:a ce O.npH1:JHa peqn:a CJIHBa C
marOJICKHM 06JIHKOM Y je.nHY peq Ha cJIe.neliH HaqHH: Hi + 6CMb >H'BtMb, HI' + C€ H > H-liCH, Hf
+ C€ Tb> H-liCTb HT.n., OCHM 06JIHKa 3. JI. MH: HI' C~T".

1. H-licMb H-liCMW H-iitliA (-lit)

2. H-licH H-liCTf H-iitTA (-Tt)
3. H-licTb Hi C~Tb H-lieTA (-Tt)

06pamu na:JICfbY! Y 2. IT. j.u; rrpe3eHTa Y cprrcKoM je3HKY HacTaBaKje -Ul, .u;oKje Y
n:pKBeHOCJIOBeHCKoM HaCTaBaK -WHo
Y 1. IT. MH Y CprrcKoMje HaCTaBaK -MO, a y n:pKBeHOCJIOBeHCKOM -M'O.

AOPHCT

AopHCT je 06ITHK rrpOIImor BpeMeHa KOjH ce Haj'lemlie cpelie Y n:pKBeHOCITOBeHCKOM

je3HKY. 03Ha'laBa pa.nI-bY Roja ce 3aBpUlHIT<l y rrpOlliITOCTH. 06JIHl~H aopHCTa Mory 6HTH
06pIDOBaHH KaKO o,n: UflcPUflumU6fle OCHOBe, TaKO H o,n: npe3eflmCKe OCHOBe, rrpBeHCTBeHO o,n:
rrrarOITa CBpmeHor BH,n:a.

O,n: UflcPUflumU6fle OCHOBe aopHCT ce o6pIDyje aKO ce OHa 3aBpmaBa Ha CGMOZllaCflUK. Y

TOM CITY'lajy, HaCTaBaK aopHCTa ,n:o,n:aje ce .u;HpeKTHO Ha OCHOBY HH<pHHHTHBa. Y 2. H 3. IT. j,n:
HaCTaBaK Je flYflmu.

je,n:HHHa MHO)KHHa .u;BoJHHa I

1. -'('0 -,(OM'O -'(OM (-,(OKt)
2. - -en -tTA (-tTt)
3. - -W!\' -eTA (-erl)

. .
AKo marOJI HMa IIOBpaTHH Cy<pHKC -eM, OHAa Taj cyqmKc TaKO H OCTaje Ha Kpajy pe'lH
,
nOCJIe HaCTaBKa: MOi\H-X-eM, MOi\H-eb. MOi\H-XOIiA-eb..
rJIarOJIH liiTH, H!\''1dTH, 3!\''1dTH, IiHTH, tli\h.TH, n-iiTH (a TaKo~e H rrrarOJIH Tor KopeHa C
npe<pHKCHMa, Hnp.: mh.TH, npih.TH ) y 2. H 3. IT. j.u;, Kao rrpaBHIIo, HMajy 3aBpmeTaK -T'O YMecTo
yo6HQajeHor HYITTOr HaCTaBKa.

AKO ce uwpuflumu6fla OCHOBa 3aBpIIIaBa Ha CYZllaCflUK, OH.u;a ce aopHcT o6pIDyje o,n:

rrpe3eHTcKe OCHOBe. ~l1crrpe,n: HaCTaBKa ce y TOM CITY'lajy rrojaBrr.yje CaMOmaCHHI<; -0- (KOjH
cnaja OCHOBY H HaCTaBaK; CBe3a ). Y 2. H 3. II. j,n:, 3a Koje je KapaKTepHCTHqaa HyIITH
HaCTaBaK, crrajajyliH caMomaCHHK -0- rrpeITIDH Y -E. Ha HCTH HaQHH 06pIDYjy ce 06ITHn:H
aopHcTa H o,n: marOITa C HH<pHHHTHBHOM OCHOBOM Ha -41H. Y 2. H 3. II. j,n: KO,n: rnx marOIIa
rrpe,n: HHqJHKCOM -0- ,n:emaBa ce aJITepHaUHja tl, t, '1,r, m.

Je,n:HHHa MHO)KHHa .u;BojHHa

1. -0-,('0 -O-XOM'O -O-,(OIiA (-o-xod)

2. -I' -o-cn -o-eT!\' (-o-eTt)
3. -c)-WA -o-eTA (-o-en)
- ..
-I'
.

39
 AKO Y HHcPHHHTIIBY rrpe,l:( -TH CTOjH CYcPHKC -Hll-, oH.l:(a ce OH Y aopHcry HeKa):( qysa a HeKa):(
Hcrra):(a. AKo rrpe,l:( HaBe.n:eHHM CYcPHKCOM CTojH CaM02JlaClIUK, OH.l:(a Taj CyljJHKC ocrnje, a aKO
CTojH CY2JlaCHUK - OH 06H'llIO Hcrra,n;a.
A.~HllTH > A.~H'J- > A.~H'JX"'; Kocr;pfCH'JTH > Kon,pft- > KOCtiPHOX'"
Ko,l:( marOJIa PfltJH y 1. JI. j.n: H 3. JI. MH OCHM yo6H"IajeHHx 06JlliKa pfr;oXb H Pff;OWA cpeny
ce H cTapH 06JIHI..{H p1iX'" H p1iWA.
rJIaroJI IihlTH o6pa3yje o6mIKe aOpHCTa o.n: .n:Bejy OCHOBa: Ilhl- H ll'Ii-.

IlhIXOM71 1 IlhIXOKd, -1; 1

1. 1lI:IX7> 1 Ii1iX'l1
Ii1iXOM7> ll1ixoKA, -1;
"~U'l'd, -1;/
2. 111.'1, IihICT7> 1 1i1; IihlCH 1 Ii1iCH
Il1iCTII., -1;
IihICTA, -il
3. libi, Iihll:T7> 1 1i1; Ilh'Wd 1 li1iwA
Il1iCTd, -1;

:HMnep<peKaT je je.n:Ho o.n: rrpOIIIJIHX BpeMeHa I.{pKBeHocnoBeHcKora je3HKa. Y

rpaMaTHKaMa upKBeHOCJIOBeHCKor je3HKa OHO ce jom Ha3HBa H npoUlJlo npooY:JICeHo 6peMe.
I1Mrrep<peKaT H3pa)KaBa pa.n:Ihy Koja CTOjH y Y3ajaMHOM O.n:HOCY C .n:pyroM Pa):(IhOM,
OCHOBHOM. OCHOBHa pa,n;Iha H3pa)KaBa ce, no npaBHny, aopHCTOM.
06JIHUH HMrrep<peKTa o6pa3yjy ce rroMony CY<PHKca -c.\-, -H.- H cne.n:eliHx HaCTaBaKa:

je.n:HHHa MHO)KIIHa JJ:BOjHHa

l. -X7> -XOM7> -XOliA, -xolii

2. -Wf -C:Tf -C:TA, -c:Ti
I 3. -Wf -X'J -C:TA-, -C:Ti

06paTHTe rra)KH>y Ha TO )J;a ce o.n: HaCTaBaKa aopHCTa pa3nHKyjy caMO 06JIHUH 2. H 3. JI. j.n: H
3. n. MH.
06nHI.{H HMrrepcpeKTa je.n:HHx rnarOJIa o6pa3yjy ce o.n: um!mHumuBHe OCHOBe, a .n:pyrHx o.n:
npe3eHmCKe OCHOBe.
O.n: uHrjJuHumuBHe OCHOBe o6pa3yjy ce o6nHUH HMrrepcpeKTa y cne.n:enHM cnyqajeBHMa:
1. aKO ce HHCPHHHTHBHa OCHOBa 3aBpmaBa Ha -c.\- HJIH -H.-, H Y TOM cnyqajy, nomTO ce
CY<PHKC HMrrepcpeKTa cnHBa ca 3aBpIlIHHM caMOfnaCHHKOM HHCPHHHTHBHe OCHOBe,
HaCTaBUH HMrrepcpeKTa .n:o,l:(ajy ce .n:HpeKTHD-Ha HHCPHHHTHBHY OCHOBY:
nHC:ATH > nHC:AX7>, lifAH'IATH > IUAH'IAX7>, OYMfP41liAA.TH > OYMfP41KAA.X71.
06mUlH HMnepcPeKTa KOjH ce o6pasyjy OJ( rnaroJIa C HHcPHHHTHBHOM OCHOBOM Ha -1\-, -191-,
rro.n:y.n:apajy ce C o6JIHUHMa aopHCTa (OCHM 2. H 3. n. j.n: H 3. JI. MH ). Y TOM cnyqajy Moryhe je
pa3nHKOBarn aopHCT o.n: HMrrepcpeKTa Ha OCHOBY CHHTaKCH1JKOr CKJIorra peqeHHI(e
(HMlleptPeKaT H3proKaBa pa,n;Ihy Koja CTojH y Y3ajaMHOM OJJ:HOCY C OCHOBHOM pa,n;IhOM ).
Taxolje Tpe6a 3anaMTHTH .n:a npIl npeBO.ny Ha cpnCKR je3RK aopRCT qemlie O)ll'OBapa rnarOJIY
c~pmeHor BMa a HMnepcPeKaT YBeK o.n:roB~pa rnarony HeCBpmeHor BH.l:(a. • ,,. ",

40
 2. AKo ce IfHCPIfHHTIlBHa oCHoBa 3aBpmana Ha ~YCPHKC -t-, oHJ(a ce CYCPIfKC OCHOBe cnlfBa
ca CycplfKCOM HMrrepcpeKTa (t + ~ = ~): 1i0A'IiTH > 1i00b.X'l1, XOT1iTH > XOTb.X'l1, npn1iTH n!pnb.x'l1.
3. AKo ce HHcpHHIfTIIBHa OCHOBa 3anpmana Ha CYCPHKC -H-, oHJ(a ce CYCPIfKC HHcpHHHTIlBHe
OCHOBe CJlHBa ca CYCPHKCOM HMrrepcpeKTa (H + ~ = ~ ): MOAHTHt~ > MOAH-t~ > MOAb.Xt~. Y
O,ll;pefjeHIIM cnyqajeBHMa Y KopeHY ce BpmH aJITepH~Hja cymacHIfKa:
Ii +j = IiA AI¢IiHTH - AI¢IiAb. X'l1
, ,
Ii +j = KA AOKHTH - A06.A~ X'l1
, ,
M + j = MA K'pOnHTH - K'pOnA~ X'l1
, ,
n + j = nA AOMHTH - AOMA~ X'l1
, ,
g + j = m KOgHTH - Komd X'l1
, ,
t +j = W HOtHTH - HOllldX'l1
, ,
A + j mA XOAHTH - xomM X'b
, ,
(t)T + j = 41 K'pHTHTH - IlPHfJdX'l1
06nlfI:UI HMrrepcpeKTa o6paJyjy ce o,n: npe3ellmCKe OCHOBe Y cne,ll;enHM cnyqajeBHMa:
1. AKO ce HHcpHHHTIlBHa OCHOBa 3aBpmaBa Ha cymacHIfK. Y TY rpyrry cna.n:ajy H maronH c
HH(iJHHIfTHBOM Ha -41H. YIcnpe.1l cyqJHKCa HMnepcpeKTa 1\ 11 r ce Meffiajy y 'I n m: IUt:'rH
> KfA-~ > K~A-h.-X'l1, M041H > Mor-~ > MOm-d-X'b, Tfl11H >Tfll-~ >Tf'l-d-X'b.
2. AKo ce HHCPHHHTHBHa OCHOBa 3aBpIIIaBa Ha KopeHcKH caMomaCHIfK. IIpH TOMe Bpnm ce
aJITepHa[(lfja CYCPIfKCaJIHOr caMomaCHIfKa If cymacHIfKa Y KopeHY jep ce H3Me~y
KopeHCKor cyrnacHHKa H HaCTaBKa cTaBffiaj, II1TO ce 1f3paliaBa rrHcaffieM CJIOBa~: rHd-TH
> rOH-1¢ > rOff-tlI-X'l1, SKd-Tff > SOK-\? > S06-~-X'l1, Il,\-TfI> €Mt\-IO > €MA-~-X'l1, if-TH > HA-~ >
HA-.tlI-X'l1, nfl-Tfl > ni-I¢ > ni-tlI-X'l1, n1i;'TfI > no-IO > no-.tlI-X'l1.

O.n: IToMoliHor marOJIa IiblTH HMrrep$eKaT maCH:

je,n:HHHa MHO)KHHa ,ll;BOJIfHa
IifilXOKd
l. Ii.tllX'l1 Ii.tllXOM'l1
(IitxoKd)
li~tTd
2. Ii~Wf li~tT~
(IiteTd)
IifiltTA
3. Ii.tlllllf IifilX~
i (IitfTd)

I1MIIepanm (3arroBe.n;HH HaqHH)

rnarOJICKH HaqHH je rpaMaTHqKa KaTeroplfja marOJIa KOjOM ce H3pa)KaBa O,n:HOC ca.n:p)l(IfHe
IfCKaJa rrpeMa CTBapHOCTII.
YIMrrepaTHB je maronCKH HaqHH KOjHM ce HKroyje )l(effia HnH 3anOBeCT ,ll;a ce BpIIIH HJIH
1f3BpIIlH pa.n:ffia.
rpa.n;1f ce o,n: rrpe3eHTCKe OCHOBe.
Ko,n: marOJIa I, II BpCTe HaCTaBUH cy:

1. / ~M21 ~6i\(rdi)
2. H HT~ HTi\(T1t)
3. (Ad +rrpe3eHT (Ad +npe3eHT (HTi\(T1t))
3 .n. j,ll;.) 3.n.MH.)
III, IV BpCTe HaCTaBUIf cy:
Ko,ll; marona

OCHOBa Ha BOKaJI + if 1. / HM21 HKi\(K1t)

2. H,if .. - - - Hn
_. _., tin HTd(~ii)

41
 3. (AA+rrpe3eHT (AA+rrpe3eHT HTA(Ti)

3.JIJ.n.) 3.JI.MH.)
AKo ce OCHOBa 3aBpmaBa Ha t;, r OH.,l(a ce rrpe.Il HaCTaBKOM HMrrepaTHBa OBH cyrJIaCHH[(H
Mel:bajy y 'I, iii HJIH 1(, 8 : pfqJH> Pl(bl, Ad pf'lfT71, Pl(fM!l, PI(HTf, Ad Pft;\lT71; nOMOlf..lH > nOM08H ­
nOMOll'ifM71.

I1epQ.JeKaT
IIepQ?eKaT 03HaqaBa pa.nI:bY y rrpOmJIOCTH, Koja ce BpillHJIa HJIH 3aBpillHJIa rrpe OHor
BpeMeHa Ka.na ce 0 I:boj roBOpH.
IIepIPeKaT ce cacTOjH H3 rrapTH[(Hrra rrpeTepHTa aKTHBHOr II H 06JIHKa rrpe3eHTa rroMoliHor
marOJIa €I:Mh.

Je.nHHHa MHO:>KHHa .nBojHHa

~

l. HfCU1, -a, -0 €CMb HHAl1 €CMb' mCAA, -Ii 6cd, --Ii

2. HfCA71, -a, -0 €nf
"
mtAH
-
€tTf HHAd, -Ii 6mi, -1i
3. "EtA 71, -a, -0 €CTb HHII.H C~Tb "HAd, -If ~CTa, -11

IIrrYCKBaMrrepQ.JeKaT
IIJIycKBa~mepQ?eKaT H3pIDKaBa TaRBY pa.nI:bY y rrpOillJIOCTH Koja je rrpeTXO.IlHJIa .npyroj
pa.nI:bH y rrpOillJIOCTH. CacTojH ce H3 rrapTHI(Hrra rrpeTepHTa aRTHBHor II Ii 06JIHKa
HMrrepQ?eKTa rroMoliHor marOJIa Iib.lTH.

I1oTeHIJ:Iljarr (rroro.n6eHII HatIHH )

IIoTeHlI,Hjarr je rJIarOJICKH HaYIHH KOjHM ce HCKa3xje MoryliHocT .na ce BpIIIH HJIH H3BpillH
marOJICKa pa.nl:ba.
IIoro,I(6eIIu naT.nm rrOTeII[(njarr - cacTojH ce 113 rrapTIIIJ.Ima rrpeTepIITa aKTIiBHOr II II o6mrKa
aopHcTa rroMoliHor marOJIa Iib.lTH.

cPyryp I
A. Ko.n marOJIa CBpmeHora BH,lla HaCTaBI(H 6y.nylier BpeMeHa rro.nY.Ilapajy ce C
HaCTaB[(IIMa ca.naml:ber BpeMeHa. MO)l{e ce pehH .na 06mI[(H ca.nallII:ber BpeMeHa rJIarOJIa
CBpmeHor BH.na y 3aBHCHOCTH o.n KOHTeKCTa .no6Hjajy 3Haqelbe HJIH ca.nailll:ber BpeMeHa HJIH
6Y.Ilylier BpeMeHa. 03HaQaBa pa.nlbY Koja lie ce BpmHTH H 3aBpmHTH y 6y.nyliHOCTH.
E. Ko.Il marOJIa HeCBpmeHor BH.na rpa.nH ce CJIaraIbeM 06JIHKa rrpe3eHTa rroMoliHHX
rJIaroJIa tiM'6TH, t1d'lATH, x()'riTH H HHQ?HHHTHBa rJIarOJIa KOjH ce Melba. 03HaQaBa Pa.nIDy Koja
lie ce BpmHTH y 6y.nyhHoCTH, aJIH HHje Ha3HaQeHo.na JIH lie ce H 3aBpillHTH.

jeAHllHa MHO:iKHHa ABojllHa

l. HMAM71 XKAAHTH HMAMb.I X'KMHTH HMAIIA X'KAAHTH
2. HMdlllH XKAAHTH HMATE XKdAHTH HMATd XIlAAHTH
3. HMAT71 X'KMHTH HMd~T71 XKdAHTH HMdTd X'KAAHTH

!I>yrypII

42
 OlHa1:J:aBa pa.n:u:.y Koja ne ce .ueCHTH y 6y.uyllHOCTH rrpe HeKe .upyre pa.n:u:.e, H laTO ce 30Be
H npe.u6y.uyne BpeMe HJIH 6y.uyne CBpmeHO BpeMe. IlpHJIHt{HO ce peTKO noja.BJbyje y
u;pKBeHOCJIOBeHCKOM je3HKY. YnoTpe6JbaBa ce H y 3aBHCHHM pe'leHHu;aMa CBe3HHKOM Aqtf.
CacTojH ce H3 rrapnlU;Hna npeTepHTa aKTHBHor II H 06JIHKa npe3eHTa nOMOllHor marOJIa
Iihl'l'H.

I10MOhHII rJIarOJI eCMh

npe3eHT 1. € ' Mk €'Mkl '€ Kd(Kil)
2. C€ H €''I'e € ''I'd ('I'il)
3. '3''1'11 '~'I'11 € ''I'd ('I'il)

1. Hil'Mb Hil'Mbl Hil'Kd(Kil)

2. HilCH Hil''I'e Hil ''I'd ('I'il)
3. Hil ''I'b Her~'I'k Hil''I'd('I'il)
TIapTHUHII rrpe3eHTa aKTHBHH
HeO)lpel)eHH BH)l I '~4JH I
O)lpel)eHH BH)l 'bui( t~4JiH) '~4Jd& '~4JH

I10MOhHII rJIarOJI llhITH

npe3eHT
1. Ii~A~ Ii~AfM71 Ii~AeKd(liil)
2. Ii~AnuH Ii~Af''I'f Ii ~ Af'l'd('I'il)
3. Ii~Af''I'71 Ii~A~'I'71 Ii ~ Af''I'd( 'I'il)
aopHCT
1. IibIX21 IibIXOM71 IibIXOKd(liil)
2. libl, Ii bit 'I' 21 liblt'l'f liblt'l'd('fil)
3. libl, Iiblt'l'71 IikllUA Ii bU'I'd('fil)
I1MneptPeKT
1. Ii&X21 1i&'X0M71 Ii&XOKA(liil)
2. Ii&lm Ii&,rre 1i&''I'A('I'il)
3. li&lUf Ii&X~ Ii &''I'A( 'I'il)
KpanH (cTapHjH) 06JIliK aopliCTa
1.liilX21 liilXOM21 liilXOKA(liil)
2.liil liil,rre liil,'I' d( 'I'il)
3.liil liilX~ liil''I'd('fil)
napmU;I1n npe3eHTa aKmBHH
Heo.upeqeHH BH)l I Ii~A~4-IH I
o.l(peqeHH BH.IJ; .1i~AhlH(4JiH) Ii~A~4-Id&

43
 · rrapTHD;Hrr rrpeTepHT aKTHBHH I
HeO)lpe~eHH BH)l Ii hili'll IihililUH Ii hili'll
OJlPe~eHH BH,!l Ii hilihU1 ( lUiH) IihiIiUJt\iI\ lihfliun~

rrapTHUHrr rrpeTepHT aKTHBHH II

Iihl t\7l. Iihft\A Iihlt\O

I1apnn.:um rrpe3eHTa aKTHBHH

rpa.n;H ce o.n; 3. lLMH. rrpe3CHTa, o.n;6Hje cc HaCTaBaK -T71, H Ha OHO InTO OCTaHe .n;o.n;ajy ce
HaCTaBllH rrapTHllHrra. O.n:rOBapa cprrCKOM rJIarOJICKOM npHJIOry ca.n:anrIber BpeMeHa.
I BpCTa M. ffi. cp.
Heo.n;pe~eHH BH.n: (mMA) 41" (H~Mt\)
o.n:pe~eHH BH.n: hlti(41 iti) 4lAfi\ 4l~j;

II BpCTa HeMa napTHI.\HIT (rnarOJIH CBprneHora BH)la)

III, IV spCTa ffi.

Heo.n:pe~eHH BH.n:

o.n:pe~eHH BH)l

KO)l rJI. JE BpCTe Y M. H cpo p. o.n:6Hja ce -IOT7.. Ko.n; rJIarOJIa 4. BpCTe o.n:6HjaI:beM -T7.
.n;06HjaMO rrapTHUHrr M.. H cpo p. Heo.n;pe~eHor BH.n:a.

M. p~ )lC p. cp.p.
~ ~ ~
" ,
H oynoKA~ oynOKAIOLfJH oynoKdIOLfJf,
I
oynOK/\~

r -
oynoKAIOLtJcI.
-
oynoKAIOLfJH
-
oynoKAIOI1JA.
.n: ovnoKAIOLfJ~ -
oyn OKAIOLfJH OvnOKAIOLfJ~
A -
oynoKdIOLfJ71, -4M oVnoK.iIOLfJ~
- -
oynoKdlOqu, ovnoK.i~
B -
oynoKd~
-
oynoKdIOLfJH -
oynoKdlOLfJf, ovnoKA~
-
H -
oynoK.iIOLtJHM7.
- I
oynoKdIOLfJEIO
-
oynOKAIOLfJHM71
JI -
oynoKllIOLfJfM71
-
OYflOKdIOLfJH
-
oynoKdlOLfJEM71

M. p. )1(. p. cpo p.
! - - - , - - - -
H oynoKAIOLfJE oynoK/\IOLfJ~, -IiAIOLfJf, -LfJhl oynoKcl.IOLfJcI.
r oynOKdlOLfJHXf1 oynoKdlOLfJHX71 oYnoKdIOLfJ HX7.
.n: - ,
oynoKdlOLfJ hiM71
-
oynoKAIOLfJhlM71 -
oynoKdlOLfJhlM71
A oYnoKdIOLfJHX7., -LfJhI oYnoKdIOLfJHX7., oynoKdlOLfJ~
- -
oynoKAIOLfJA
B - I
oynoKdlOLfJf
- t -
oynoKdlOLfJAI, -KAIOLtU, -LfJL.1
-
oynoKdlOLfJA
-
H oynotidlOtpHMH
- ,
oynol1AlOtpHMH - I
oynolidlOLfJHMH
J1 I oYnoKAfOLfJHX7. oYnOKAfOLfJHX7. - oynoKAIOLfJlfX71 -

44
 M. . iK. p. Cp.p.
H oYnoKAlOqJL.I, oynoKAlOqJ1i oynoKAlOqJbI, oynoKAlOqJ1i
r OvnOKAlOqJ~ OvnOIiAlOqJtl
- .
JJ: I
oynoKdlOqJHMd, -{:Md OlfnOKdlOqJHMd, -{:Md
A oynOKAlOqJhI, oynoKAlOqJi oynoKdlOqJbI, oynoKdlOlfJi
B oynoKdlOqJbI, oynoKAlOqJi oynoKdlOqJbI, oynoKdlOqJ1i
- . -
M oynOKAlOqJHMd, -fMd oynoKdlOqJHMd, -EMd oynoKdlOqJHMd, -EMd
11 oynoKAlOtptl oynoKAlOqJ\l oynoK~lOqJ\l

O.n;peljeHH BH.n;
M.p. iK.p. cpo p.
H - ,.
oyno6dtl\H
-
oyno6dlOtpdtl\ I ovnOKdlOtpff
r -
oynoKAlOtpdrw
-
oynoKdlOqJitl\
-
o 'In OKAlOlfJdrw
}l ovnoKAlOquM~
-
oynoKdlOqJfH
-
oynolidlOtpEM~
A -
oynodlOtpiH, -dro O\tfiOKdlOtptllO
-
oyno6AIOtpff
B -
oynoKdtl\H
-
oynoKAlOtpdtl\
-
oynoKdKltpH
. - -
11 oynoliAlOtpHM71 oynoKdlOqJflO oynoKAlOqlHM71
11 -
o 'In OIiAlOtpfM71
-
oynolidlOtpfH
-
oynoKAlOtpfM71

M.p. iK. p. cp.p.

H -
oynoKAlOtpiH
-
oynoKAlOtphltl\
- -
oynoKdKltpdtl\ I
r o,rnoKAlOtpHX71 oynoKAlOtpHX71 oynOKAKltpHX71
JJ: - ,
oynoKdlOtpL.IM71
-
oynodlOtpL.IM71 +*OK~lOlfJbIM71
A oYnoKAlOtpL.ltI\, -HX71 oynoKAlOtpbltl\, -HX'b OKdlOtpdtl\
B oynoKAlOtpiH -
oynoKdlOtpbltl\ 1 oynoKAlOtpdtl\
11 - ,
oynoKdlOtpHMH
-
oynoKAlOtpHMH oynOKAlOtpHMH
11 OYI10fiAlOqJHX71 o yn OEAlOtp!-fX'li oynoEtilOtpHX'b

M.p. iK. p. cp. p.

H
r

A oynoKdlOtpdtl\ I
B oynoKc\lOqJc\tI\
-
oyn OKAlOtpHMd

IIapTHlI.HII IIp~3eHTa IISCHBa

rpa.n;n ce o.n; l.JI.MH. rrpe3eHTa. Ko.n; marOJIa I n II BpCTe y:MeCTO E 6nne o. Y cprrCKOM je
CaqYBaH CaMO Y rroje.n;HHaqHnM rrpHMepnMa (JIaKOM, rrHTOM ).
M. m. 'po
HeO.l{peljeHH BH.n; MO

• _ O.LqJeljeHH BH.lL MOE

45
 M.p. )1(, p. cpo p.
I ,
H K~AOM71 KM,OMd KfAOMO
,
r IifAOMA. IifAOMhl IUAOMA.

.n K~AoMli
, ,
lifAOM'it KfAoMli
A [UAOM71, KfAOMd K~AOMli K~AOMO
B [UAOMf [UAOMd KfAOMO
t t
H lifAOMI.IM71 KfAOMOIO KfAOMI.IM71
n KfAoMoft K~AoM'it KfAoM'it

M.p. )1(. p. cpo p.

t ,
H 6JAOMH KfAWMl.1 KfAWMI\
r KfAOMI.1X71 KfAOMI.IX71 KfAOMblX71

.n KfAWMI.IM71 KfAWMI.IM'b KfAWMI.IM71

A IifAOMI.IX71, -WMI.I IifAOMI.IX7t, -WMbI IifAwMd
B IUAOMH KfAWMl.1 KfAWMI\
11 KfAWMl.1 KfAOMl.lMH KfAWMl.1
n KfAOMI.IX71 KfAoMhIX71 IifAOMI.IX71

M.p. :iK. p. Cpo p.

H KfAWMd IlifAwM'it lifAWM'it
r KfAWM~ KfAWM~ I KfAWM~
, ,
.n KfAOMl.lMI\ KIiAOMI.IMI\ KIiAOMI.IMA
A KfAWMA KIiAwMoft IifAwMt
B KIiAWMA KfAwMt KfAwMoft
,
If IifAOMl.lMA [UAOMI.IMI\ KfAOMl.lMA
n KfAwMIl IUAwMIl , IUAwMIl

O.n;peljeHH BH,n;
M.p. )1(. p. cpo p.

M.p. )1(. p. cpo p.

,
H KfAoMiH IiIiAWMl.lbI IUAwMdbl
r KfAOMI.IX71 IifA OMH X 7t IifAOMI.IX7t
, ,
)l; KfAwMWM71 6.I'AWMI.IM71 IifAWMI.IM'b
A KfAWMl.lbI, -OMI.IX'b IifAwMW~, .OMI.IX71 KfAwMAbI
B IifAoMiH Ii~AWMWbI IifAwMdbl
H - KfAoMb.IMH MAOMI.IMH - ,­ - -IiEAOMWMH - -"

46
 M.p. iK. p. Cp. p.
H IUAWMA~ KM.OMofiH (UAOM1m
r KfAWM~1O KfAWM~1O KfAWM~1O
.[( KfAOMIJMA KfAOMIJMA IifAOMklMA
A KfAWMA~ KfAoM1m IifAoM-Im !

B KfAWMA~ KfAoM1m KfAoM"iH

JiI KfAoMblMA KfAoMblMA KfAoMblMA
J1 KfAWM~1O KfAuJM~1O KfAWM~1O

IIapTUilun npeTePUT aKTMBHM npBM

06pa3yje ce 06UQHO OJ( cBprneHux rnarona a 03HaQaBa pa.nH:.y Koja ce J(orO)lHna rrpe HeKe
J(pyre pa.nfbe. OJ(roBapa cprrcKoM rnaronCKOM rrpurrory rrpornrroM.
rpa.n:H ce OJ( HHCPHHHTUBHe OCROBe.
AKO ce UH<pHHUTUBHa OCHOBa 3aBprnaBa Ha CaMOrnaCHHK, HaCTaBUU CY:

M. ffi. ,;p.
HeO)lpe~eHH BUJ( K'll KWH K'll
O)lpe~eHH BH)l KWhU'f(hlH) KW(\~

AKO ce HH<pHHHTHBHa OCHOBa 3aBprnaBa Ha cyrrracHHK, HacTaBUu cy:

M. ffi.

HeO,l(pe~eHU BH)l 'll WH

OJ(pe~eHU BH)l Wh/H(hlH) W(\~

HTH = WfA71, npiHTH = npHwfA71, ~TH = fM71, npi~TH = npiE:M71, Oy[H~TH = oycon71, HA'fATH
HA'ffH71, pAm~TH pAmfH71.

KO)l rnarona 2. H 4. BpCTe oBaj rrapTHUHrr ce rpa.nH H OJ( HH<imHHTHBHe H O)l rnaronCKe
OCHOBe.
KOtt\PHH~TH = KOtt\pHH~K'll / KOtt\pn:'b.

M. p. iK. p. cp.p.
H H~I:71 - Hfi:WH HfC71, Hhwf
, ,
r HHWA HftWIi HHWA
.[( HftW~ HfewH HfcW~
A HfCW71, -A Hfewb' Hh71, HfeWf
B I
HH71 I HfewH Hfe71, HfcWf
11 HfCWHM71 HfCWflO HfCWlIM71

47
 I HfewH .. I
M.p. )1<' p. cpo p.
H -
HfeWf
I
HfCW~
-
HfeWd
r HEI::H1HXL HftWHXL HfCWHXL
, ,
.[( HftWLIML HUWLIML JfHWLIML
A H~CHlHXL, HffW~ HfCWHXL, HfCW~
-
H~tWd
- - -
B HfeWE Hfrw~ HfeWd
11 HfewHMH HffWHMH HhwHMH
n HhUlHXL HfewHX71 HfrwHX71

M.p. )1(. p. cpo p.

H -
HHWd H~ewH, H~cwt H~CWH, H~CUJt
r H~rw~ tlf'W~ HfCW~
JJ: HfewHMd, -EMd HfcWHMd, -ft\\d HfCWHMd, -EMd
A -
HHWd HfrwH, HfCWt HfewH, Hfrwt
B -
HECWd HfewH, HfCWt H~CWH, Kfcw*
11 HfCHlHMd, -EMd HfeWHMd, -EMd HfCWHMd, -EMd
JI Hfrw~ HfCUJ~ H~CUJ~

O.npeUeHI:I BI:I,[(
M.p. )1(. p. cpo p.

r HfCWdfW

B HfCl,lIf, HhwiH

M.p. )1(. p. cpo p.

H HfeUJiH HirwLI~
-
H~'UJd~

r HhwHX71 HfCWHX71 HffUJHX71

)l HfCWblML HhwblM'b HfrUJLIM71
.
A HfcW"'~, -HX71 HhUJLI~, -HX71 HnWd~
.
B HfeUJ!H HfCWbI~ HfCWd~

·11 HfeWHMH HitUJHMH HfeWHMH

J1 HffWHX71 Hft:UJHX71 HhUJHX'b

M. p. )1(. p. cp.p.
i H HirwiH HfcwiH
r
HfCWHMA HftWHMd
A HfrwiH
,
HfeWm
-
.
B HErWd~ HitwiH

48
 ITapnU.l;IHI rrpeTepHT aKTHBHH II (rrapTHUHrr rrep<peKTa)
OBaj rrapTKIJ;Krr je y CprrCKOM marOIlCKIi rrpImeB pa,n;Hlf KIlK npOlliJIK. IlpeBo.l(K ce pa,n;HHM
marOIlCKHM npK.l(eBOM. Y Ila:m y CaCTaB CIlO)KeHOr rrpOlliJIOr BpeMeHa.
rpa,n;a ce O,n: KHCPHHHTHBHe OCHOBe H HaCTaBaKa:

M. m. 'po
Je,ll;H. I\'b. I\d 1\0

MHO:>K. I\H I\H I\H

,ll;BOJ. 1\ A. AH AA.
H'fH = W"A71,WA{\~ WAO

TIapTHUHn npeTepHTa naCHBHH

YnOTpe6JbaBa ce 3a TBOp6y rraCHBHOr CTaTba. rpa,ll,H ce O,ll, HH<pHHHTHBHe OCHOBe H
HaCTaBaKa. O,ll,rOBapa CprrCKOM TprrHOM rnarOnCKOM rrpH,lI,eBy.
AKO ce HHqlHHHTHBHa OCHOBa 3aBpIIIaBa Ha act):
M. in. Cpo
H'b. HA. HO

AKO ce HwilHHHTHBHa OCHOBa 3aBpmaBa Ha cyrnaCHHK:

M. m. Cpo
fH'b. eHA. eHO

M. m. 'po
'f'b. 'fA. 'fO
Ko,n: marOIla 4. BpcTe rpa.n:H ce o,n: rrpe3eHTcKe OCHOBe (Ba)Ke H CBa rrpaBHna peqeHa KO,ll,
rrpe3eHTa):

M. in. Cpo
fH'b. Wd eHO

ATeMaTCKH rJIarOJIH

OCHM marona 6[Mb TO cy: stAt'fH1 Ad'fH 1 IdC'fH H HMt'fH.

IIpe3eHT
je,l1.HllHa MHOJKHHa ,I1.Bo.iHHa
l. S'iiM'b. s'iiMbi S'iiSA.
2. sm.. MUTE K'iiC'fd

49
1 3. IwlH'fa

. HMnepaTHB
je)(HIIHa MH01KHHa roJQjllHa
1. - Kt,A.HM7J Kt,A.Hlld
2. Ktifi,A.h Kt,A.H'rf K'li,A.HTA
3. ,A.A Ktr'fa ( KtrH) ,A. A Kt,A. ht'fa Kt,A.HTA

TIapTI1I(HII rrpe3eHTa aKTHBHH:

OApeijeHH BllA: Kt,A.blH ( Kt,A.~4Jj'H), Ilt,A.~qIdht, K-6,A.~4Ir:r:

TIapTlIlJ,Hn npe3eHTa naCHBHH

Heo.n;peljeHH BH)]; - K-6,A.OMh, -MA, -MO.
O,n;peljeHH BH)]; - K-6,A.OMblH, -MAht, -MOE.

AOPHCT
jeAHHHa MHOJKHHa .n;BojHHa
1. K-6,A.-6X'b K-6,A.-6XO M'b K-6,A.-6XO KA
2. K-6,A.-6 6-6,A.rBr'rf K-6,A.-6rTA
3. K-6,A.-6 K-6,A.-6WA K-6,A.-6rT/\

je)J,HHHa MHO:HOfHa .n;BojHHa

1. 6-6,A.htX''b KrB,A.htXOM'b K-6AhtXOKA
2. K-6,A.htWE K-6,A.htr'rf 6-6,A.htrTA
3. K-6,A.htWE K-6,A.htX~ 6-6,A.htrTA

TIapTHUHrr rrperepHTa aKTHBHH I H II Kao H rraCHBHH rroTII)'HO cy rrpaBMJIHH.

TIapTHlI,Hn npeTepHTa aKTHBHH I

Heo.n;pe1)eHH BH)]; - K-6A-6K'b, K-6A-6KUJH, K-6,A.-6K'b.
O.n;peljeHH BH)]; - K-6ArBKhIH (K-6A-6KWi"H), K-6A-6KWAht, K-6A-6KW';';.

TIapTHlI,lIn npeTeplITa aKTHBHH II - 6-6A-61\'b, K-6A-61\A, K-6A-61\O.

3. ,A.ATH

4. TIpeseHT
je,ll,HHHa MHOLKHHa )J,BojHHa
1. ,A.AM'b ,A.AMbI ,A. AKA
2. ,A.MH ,A.At'f'; ,A. M 'fA
3. ,A..M'f'b
'"

AdAht'f'b 4\,Ar'fd
-
-

50
 lIMIIepaTHB

.ie~HllHa MHOJKIIHa ~BO.iHR3

1. - AdAHM71 AdAHKd
2. AdifiAb AdAH'l'f AdAH'fd
3. Ad AM'f71 Ad AdAt:-.'f71 AdAH'fd

AOPHCT (CTapHjH 06J1HK)

je~HHH3 MHO)lQfHa ~BojHHa

1. AdX'b AAXOM'b AAXOHA
.2. AM'f'b AM'fd AM'fd
3. AdC'f'b AdWd AM'fA

AOPHCT (HOBHjH 06J1HK) HMnepcPeK3T

je~HHRa MHOJKHH3 ~BojuRa

1. AdAOX71 AdAOXOM'b AdAOXOKA
2. AdM AdAOt'f" AdAOt'fd
3. AdA" AAAOUJd AAAOC'fd

.ie~HHRa MHOJKUHa )J,BojlfHa

1. Ad.At:-. X'b. AAARlXOM'b. AdAt:-.XOHA
2. AdAri\Wf AdARlC'fE AAAt:-.C'fd
3. AdAt:-.WE AdAri\X~ AdAri\C'fd

HMlIep<peKaT lIO lIpaBMJIY He 6M Tpe6aJIo J(a 6Y)le, aJIM ce lIojaBJbyje y

6orocJIy:JK6eHMM KI-hI1raMa XVII M XVIII BeKa. fJIaroJII1 np"Ad'fH, nOAd'fH 11 )lpyrI1
CJIO)l{eHM HeMajy I1MlIep<peKaT. fIapTI1UMlI lIpe3eHTa aKTI1BHM He lIOCTOjM lIOIliTO
je OBO CBpllIeHM rJIarolI, amI ce HaBOJ(M y HeKHM rpaMaTI1KaMa M TeKCTOBMMa M
rJIaCM AdAbIH.

IIapTH~Hn npeTepHTa aKTHBHH I

HeO)lpeljeHM BH,ll - AdH'b, AdHWH, AdH'b.
O)lpeljeHI1 BH)l - AdHblH (AdHwi"H), AdHWdt:-., AdHWU.
IIap~Hn npeTepHT3 aKTHBRH II - AAA71, AdM, AdAO

3. rdC'fH

IIpeaeRT

51
 je)J;HlIHa MHO)I{HHa )J;Bojn:Ha
~ ~ ~

1. I!\M'll I!\MbI 1!\6d

-
2. I!\(H -
I!\tT~
-
I!\tTd
-
3. IdrT'h -
I!\AhlT'h
-
hUTA

JIMrrepaTHB

je)J;HHHa - MHO)I{HHa )J;Bojn:Ha

1. - -
IdAHM'll
~

IdAHHA
2. -
IdffiAh
-
I!\AHn
-
I!\AHTA
3. -
AA ldeT'll
-
Ad IdAhlT'll
-
AA IdAHTA

IIapTn:nHrr rrpe3eHTa aKTHBHH

Heo):(peijeHH BlU( - hiA~4JH.
O):(peijeHH BM - rdAhlH (rdA~4Ji'H), rdA~4JAhI, tdA~41t:t:.
I1apTHnHrr rrpe3eHTa rraCHBHH
Heo):(peljeHH BlU( - tdAOMh, rdAOMA, tdAOMO.
O):(peljeHH BM - tdAOMhIH, tdAOMAhI, tdAOMN.
AOPHCT (CTapn:jH 06JIHK)
.ie)J;HHHa MHOJKHHa )1;Bojn:Ha
1. rdX'h rdXOM'h rdXOHA
2. -
IdtT'll
-
IdtT~
-
IdtTd
3. -
IdtT'b
-
I!\UJA
-
I!\tTd

AOPHCT (HOBHjH 06JIHK)

je,lJ;HHHa MHOJKHHa )J;BojHHa

1. IdAOX'b IdAOXOM'll IdAoXOKA
2. -
idAI'
-
I!\ANT~
-
IdANTA
I
-
3. fl\M -
I!\AOWA
-
ldAOtTA

je)J;HHHa MHO)I{HHa )J;BojHHa

1. rdAhlX'll IdAhIXOM 'A I!\AhI XOKd
2. -
IdAhlW~
-
IdAhltn
-
IdAhltTA
3. -
fdAhlwr; rdAhlX~
-
IdAhltTd

I1apTn:nHII IIpeTepHTa aKTHBHH I

Heo.upeijeHH-BlU( - IdA'b., rdAWH, idA'll
O.upeijeHH BlU( - IdAwiH (rdAhIH), IdAWdhl, IdAWEE

IIpe3eHT

je)l;HHHa MHOJKHHa )J;BOjHH~

52
 L HMdM71
-
HMdMl1' HMdKd
2. HMdUJH HMd'ff HMdTd
3. HMdT71 HM~T71 HMdTd

OBaj fJIaroJI MMa .uBa 06JIMKa rrpe3eH'ra. ,[(pyrn je rrpaBMJIaH:

HM1i10, HMrGriUJH •..

IIapTHnHn npe3eHTa aKTMBHH

Heo.llpeljeHw BI1.ll - HM~LJ1H.
O.llpel)eHM BI1.ll - HM~LJliH ( HMbltt), HM~LJld~, HM~LJlriri.
OCTaJIW o6JIwQw OBor fJIarOJIa rpa.ue ce rrpaBMJIHO Kao TeMaTCKM marOJIW
Tpetie rrpe3eHTCKe BpCTe.

A3EYQHI1 IIPErJ1E,n CKPAnEmlI~A

fI
drfA'll, dfAtllil'i, APXArfA71, d"A71, AnA'll, dnMKiH, APxiEi'lllnK71
Il
Ilf'll, IlmiH, Ilm-TKO, Ilm-TKfHHhlH, IlfMATH, Ili'{A, IliiaaH71, Iliir71, IlArKfH71, IliirouoKm71IlArTb, IiAtAOK
HTH, IlfgniiTHblH, Il~XAHi£, Il;\:Ainif, IlrorMroAHKblH, lliirtJHw,
IlfoIiArTHiA, IlATb, IlfAnTKo, lliir'llTHKblH
ft
KAllA, KA'I~A, KA'IHTKO, KOtKPHif, KOCKPtH~TH, KiiKOM~~fHlt\71, Kiit\OM~~HHU,A,
KogApmAHif
r
rAb, rAtTKo, rAPb, rAHH'll, rAtTKOKATH, rilmA, rilmA, riibl, rAMTH, rAfAn., r;\:An.H,
r;\An., rAfT71, rA71, riirwAhI, rAAATH
4
4X71, AXKHbIH, AKA, AXOKHW, AKA71, Aiiu,A, AKTKO, AWA, AH71, AOf:1ATKfHHW
G
GJTKO, GtT-TKo, npmTKfHHbll'f, GVAif, Gvr-Aif, GVAiT71, GnKn71, ent\on'll, elrKntTKo
£;

liiAb, lHAbuliH, mC71, ItPAHM71, hpAHMAb, IPAHMAb

R

ill
MP71, MPOCTh, MATb, MAPAif, MATbIHn., MATKA, MTH, MTPb, MTfPOAiKtTKfHHAn.,
illpiA, MGHt,'l!, MGH~A, Mit'l!, MMAii~71, MAH~71, MAH~'l!, MAAHfll,'l!,
MAMHtT6A, MAMtn., MGTfAb, MHorolirATHiH, MOHAWIlH
H
H60, H6tHbU1, HW'l!, HHi, HAn., H6HbllO, HfKftflTIUHHl.ln., HA'1PTAHif, H~IiAnOA~'IHI.IX'l!
C)

53
6471,.. 6Gb, 6GHTKO, 6GHll71, 6G~cll71, 6'ichI, mIlHX71
n
npfMpocT.. , npTOA71, npnlifH71, npKH71, np1iH71, npPoll71, npTf'fA, npHW, npfiAoIiHL.lMH,
nAT", nSH"'A, nOaijil1l~CA, npHlllTKif, njiK1u, njiKblH, njiKonpfcTOAbHH4L.1
f
pmTKO, pomTKO, pmCTKO, pmTKfH71, PAKHo'tfTHA
G
CT71, CTblli, eTHTMb, eTAb, di71, enCHTEAb, cne71, CIPfHHHIl71, CAH4f, CAH4fOlipAgHW, Cp4f. epW. eTpTb, C
MpTI., CMPTH'iiH, C~~TKO, CjiliCtidA U.jiIlOKI., CTdp'tfllHX, COfijiUlHfiWf,
COAjiaidHh
T
o 0 "
Tp4d, TP'ffU71, TP'fHIlI1M71, TopmTfi~~T71, TiipAUJ
01£
OY'fTAb, OY'fHIl71, OY'fH4b1, OY'fH'fftH, oyejiAHUJ, oYIiAamTH
X
XPTOC71, XPTOK71, XpTiAI1HH71, XpTiAHbl, X~AomTKO
ij
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