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AOB, 111 . 0 . r aepiHYXIIIH, A . M. B opOHL40B "' AP· npeAIIICJl . A . M. BopOHL40B ,
111 .0 . raepliiTYXIiiH; n oA peA. A . H. HayMOBa. - Tyna: roc. My3e~-3anoeeAHiiiK
«KynliiKOBO none», 2008. - 397 c.: 11111.
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C60pHI1K Hay'IHbiX CTaT9i1 no 11TOraM pa60Tbl C9MI1Hapa « B epxHee noAOHb9 B CI1CT9M9 3THO·
KYllbTYPHbiX KOHTaKTOB B 3noxy PI1MCKI1X B1111RHI1i1», npOW9AW9rO B r. Ty11e 2- 4 HOR6pR 2006 r. Ha
CTpaH11UaX 113AaHIIlR np9ACTaB119Hbl pe3yllbTaTbl 06Cy)I(A9HI1R aKTyaJlbHbiX np0611eM 11 HOBble M a -
T9pllla11bl, CBR3aHHbl9 C 113Y'i9HI19M CYAb60HOCHbiX, HO e~e Clla60 11CC119AOBa HHbiX, nep110AOB B 11C·
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3YllbTaTOB 113Y'i9HI1R 0KCKO· AOHCKOrO peri10Ha.
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 7

H. P. AxMetJ.OB
OKCIUIE QlHEY.Jihl 1
8 Macclt18e APe8HOCTe~ 111- V 8eK08 u,eHTpanbHbiX o6nacTe~ Pocc1.11.1 qm6y-
flbl 3aHI.1MaiOT oco6oe MecTo. CpeAit1 Hlt1X 8b1Aem110TCS'I KaK cep1.1111 ¢1116yn lt1HO-
KynbrypHoro npOit1CXO>t<AeHit1S'I - npW1epHOMOpCKit1e lt1 YepHS'IX08CKI.1e, MeCTHble
HaxOAKI-1 KOTOpbiX YaCTit1YHO paCCMOTpeHbl 8 CTa8WeM ~e Aa8HO KJlaCCI.1YeCKit1M
TPYAe A. K. AM6po3a (AM6p03 , 1966] , TaK 1t1 xapaKTepHble AJls:l KYJlbTYP OKCKO-
ro HaCeJleHI.1S'I Tlt1nbl cp1.16y11, S'I8JlS'IIO~It1eCS'I 3THOKYilbTypHbiMit1 1.1HAit1KaTOpaMI.1 AJlS'I
KYflbTyp 8epxHe~ 1t1 cpeAHe~ 0Kit1. K HI-1M OTHOCS'ITCS'I OKCK1t1e cp1.16yllbl C <<KHOnKO~»
Ha HO>KKe, ps:~3aHO-OKCKit1e 1.1 Hlt1:>KHeOKCKI.1e KpeCT081t1AHble cp1.16yllbl. Ps:~3aHO-OKC­
KI-1e KpeCT081t1AHble cp1.16y11bl 1t1 lt1X MeCTO 8 COCTa8e norpe6aJlbHbiX KOMnlleKC08
y>Ke paccMaTplt18anlt1cb 8 lllt1Teparype (AxMeA08, 6enou.epK08cKas:~ , 1998; Ax-
MeAOB, 1999]. HecKOJlbKO no ApyroMy o6cTOit1T Aeno c OKCK1t1Mit1 ¢1.16ynaM1t1 c
«KHOnKOi:i» Ha HO>KKe, KOTOpble Aa8HO CYit1TaiOTCS'I KYilbTypHbiM lt1HAit1KaTOpOM
APe8HOCTei:i MO~It1HCKO~ KYilbTYPbl 111 T PaAI.1U.It10HHO np01.1380AHTCS'I OT Clt1Jlb-
Ho npo¢1.1111.1p08aHHbiX cp1116yn n03AHep1.1MCKOrO 8peMeHit1 (<!>pO!l08, 1970.
C. 80-81]. B nocneAHee 8peMs:~ K HI-1M o6pa~anacb r. A . Maccanlt1Tit1Ha, OAHa-
KO nOJlHas:l C080KynHOCTb HaXOAOK 6bllla e~ HeAOCTynHa (Maccalli'ITI.1Ha, 1999].
Aei:ICT81.1TellbHO Ha1.16onee 6nlt13Kit1e npoTOTit1nbl 3Tit1X ¢1.16yn - cep111s:~ cpeA-
HeAHenpo8CKI.1X Clt1JlbHOnpo¢1t11llt1p08aHHbiX ¢1t16yn , 8b1AelleHHaS'I E. n. ropoX08C-
KI-1M. 0Ha pa381t18aeT ¢opMbl ¢1116yn AnbMrpeH IV, 84 111 nwe8opCKI.1X ¢1.16yn,
<<npOL-1380AHbiX OT Clt1JlbHOnpo¢1.1n1.1p08aHHbiX», 8Topo~ non081t1Hbl II 8eKa H.a.
Hanwme CTOi:IKit1 C A8YMS'I OT8epCTit1S'IMit1 AJlS'I OCI-1 npy>Kit1Hbl lt1 TeTit18bl C6Jllt1:>KaeT
1-1x c HaXOAKaMit1 A8YY!leHHbiX ¢1.16yn c rpe6HeM Ha AY>KKe 111 8biCOKit1M nplt1eM-
HI-1KOM 8TOpO~ nOArpynnbl Clt1JlbHOnpocplt11llt1p08aHHbiX cp1116yn 3anaAHbiX Tlt1-
nOB II - HaYana Ill 88. nplt1YeM Halt16onee 61llt13Ka no KOHCTPYKU.It11t1 HaXOAKa 1.13
enos:~ 8 Onb81t11t1 , y KOTopo~ nplt1CYTCT8yeT xapaKTepHbl~ rpe6eHb c A8YMS'I oT-
sepcTI.1S'IMI.1 AJlS'I KpenneHI-151 0Cit1 np~lt1Hbl 1.1 TeTit18bl , 3aXOAS'I~It1~ Ha Cnlt1HKY cp1.1-
6ynbl [ropox08CKI.1171, 1988. C. 36, 198- 199, Ta6n . 6, 15- 17; AM6po3, 1966.
C. 38- 39, Ta6n. 7 , 13- 14]. Cy~eCT8yeT 1.1 Apyras:~ 8epCit1S'I, no KOTOpO~ 8epx-
HeOKCKI.1e cplt16yllbl C8S'13aHbl no np01.1CXO>t<AeHit110 1.1CKJ110Yit1TellbHO C 3anaAH0-
6anTCKI.1M Mlt1POM 111 111x npoTOTII1naMI.1 s:i8Jls:IIOTCS'I Aep1.18aTbl ¢1116yn AnbMrpeH IV,
92 [Kazanski, 2000. P. 433].
C 3THOKYilbTypHbiM lt1MnyllbCOM 1.13 10rQ-80CTOYHO~ 6aJ1Tit11t1 C8S'13bl8aeT cpop-
MI-1pOBaHI.1e npoTOTit1n08 OKCKit1X ¢1116yn 8 apeane Klt1e8CKollt KYilbTypbl B. V1 . Ky-
naKOB [KynaK08 , 2002. C. 17]. no-81t1Ait1MOMy, peweHit1e aToro 80npoca e~e
BnepeAI-1 1.1 6yAeT 3a81.1CeTb OT HaxOAOK nOKa e~e Helt138eCTHOrO «npoMe>KYTOY-
HOrQ» Tlt1na , OTHocs:~~erocs:~ KO 8peMeH1.1 nep8ollt non081.1Hbl - cepeAit1Hbl Ill 8e-
Ka- neplt10AY, KOrAa HOCit1Telllt1 Klt1e8CKO~ KyllbTypbl 8 pe3yllbTaTe YepHS'IX08CKO-
ro BTOp)f(eHI.1S'I nOKit1AaiOT n oAeCeHbe lt1 yYaCT8YIOT 8 cpopM1t1p08aHit11t1 MOW,It1HC-
K0.:1 KYilbTypbl [061lOMCbKI.1~, 1999. C. 82] .
8 Jli060M CJlyYae 8epXHeOKCKit1e cp1116yllbl S'I8Jls:IIOTCS'I n03AHit1Mit1 pe1llt1KTa-
MI-1 <j:l1.16y11 paHHeplt1MCKOro 8peMeHI.1 , nplt1HaAJ1e>KaW,It1Mit1 lt1HOKYilbTYPHOIIt AJlS'I
6acce.:1Ha 8epxHero TeYeHit1S'I p. OKI-1 TPaA111U.It11t1.

1
Pa6oTa BblnOnHeHa npll1 no.QAeplKKe POCCII1HCKOrO ryMaHII1TapHoro HayYHOro Cl>OHAa
~ 070100194a. AeTOp BblpaJKaeT 111CKpeHHIOIO 6naroAaPHOCTb r. A. Maccanii1TII1Hoi1, E. 10. Taenii1H-
~eeoi1, 6 . E. s:IHII1weecKoMy, B. 10. Koeamo, A. 6 . Cene3Heey 3a noMO~b a c6ope MaTepll1ana 111 ao3-
MOJKHOCTb pa60Tbl C HeOny611111KOBaHHbiMII1 <)>~-t6ynaMII1 1113 COCHOBKII1-2, MOlKaHCKa, ce11111~a Ha 6e-
pery p. E11111HK111, A. H. raep111noea- 3a npeA<>CTaeneHHble MaTepll1anbl ero 111ccneA<>BaHII1i1 1983 r.
Ha MOrll111bHII1Ke YHAP111X. B pa6oTe 111CnOnb30BaHbl TaKJKe p111cyHKII1 A. K. AM6po3a 1113 ero apx111ea.
8 H. P. A.utedo6

8 TeX CllyYaSIX , KOrAa 3H1 cf>V16yllbl npOVICXOASIT Vl3 VICCileAOBaHHbiX nor-

pe6allbHbiX KOMnlleKCOB, OHVI npeACTaBJleHbl napaMVI OAHOTVInHbiX cf>V16yll
{ W aHbKOBO), ABe cf>V16yllbl OAHOrO TVIna HaliiAeHbl H. V1. 6 yllbiYOBbiM npVI VIC-
CileAOBaHVIVI MO~VIHCKOrO ropOAVI~a VI TO>Ke MOrllVI npeACTaBJlSITb C060i/1 na-
py. 0 napHOCTVI MO>KeT CBVIAeTellbCTBOBaTb VI TO , YTO cpeAVI cf>V16yll BCTpeYe-
Hbl 3K3eMnllSlpbl C npaBbi MVI VI JleBbiMVI npVIeMHVIKaMVI. napHble cf>V16Yilbl MOr-
JlVI VICnOilb30BaTbCSI B COCTaBe >KeHCKOrO KOCTIOMa A/lSI 3aCTerVIBaHVISI
TYHVIK006pa3HOrO KOCTIOMa, B03MO>KHO , nOXO>Kero Ha n03AHeaHTVIYHblli1 nen-
JlOC. 3Ta YepTa pe3KO BbiAellfleT APeBHOCTVI MO~VIHCKolil KYilbTYPbl Ha ¢oHe
conpeAellbHbiX necHbiX KYilbryp, s KOTOpbiX TPaAVIU.VISI HoweHVISI napHbiX ¢V16y11
He npocne>t<VIBaeTCSI.
B ee ¢VI6Yilbl llVITble, Vl3roTosneHbl Vl3 6poH3bl , 3a VICKiliOYeHVIeM ¢VI6Yilbl
Vl3 HaXOAKVI B Pbi6HOBCKOM paliiOHe PSI3aHCKOi/1 061laCTVI , KOTOpaSI OTJlVITa V13
0/lOBSIHVICTO-CBVIHU.OBOrO CnllaBa.
A aHHble o sepxHeOKCKVIX ¢VI6ynax c KHonKolil co6paHbl s Ta6nVIu.e 1.
Ta6nHLCB 1 N2 <t>opMa <t>opMa Bblpe3oa
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nm 1
TMn 1 A
1 MOUIIIIHO 7,5 2 ,7 0 ,5 1, 1 1 ,3 CerMeHT 1 ,4 n oATpeyr OllbHaf!
TMn 1 6
2 MOUIIIIHO 8 ,4 2, 8 0 ,5 1,3 1,7 CerMeHT 2,2 noATpeyronbHaSI
TMn 1 B
3 MOUII!IHO 7 ,3 2 ,5 0 ,7 1, 1 1,4 CerMeHT 1' 1 CMflr 'leHHO-
nOATpeyrOJlbHaf!
4 CepeHCK 9 2,9 0 ,7 1,2 1 ,3 CerMeHT 1,2 CMflr'leHHO-
n OATpeyrOJlbHaf!
5 Ory6c Koe 8 ,6 2 ,8 0 ,4 1,4 1,4 nnocKIIIiii 1,6 noAnpS!MOyrDJlbHaf!
AIIICK
nm2
TMn 2 A
6 WaHbKOBo 5 ,8 1,9 0 ,7 1,5 1,2 nnoc KIIIiii 0,4 YYTb HaMe'leHHble
KypraH 1 AIIICK TpeyrOJlbHble
7 W a HbKOBO 5,9 1,5 0 ,6 1 1,5 n nocKIIIiii 0 ,3 -
Kypr aH 1 AIIICK
8 KalKaKill 6 ,7 1,7 0 ,7 1 1' 1 nnoCKIIIiii -
AIIICK
9 COCHOBKa- 2 6 ,8 1,7 0 ,75 1 ,3 1,5 n noc KIIIiii 0 ,7 -
AIIICK
10 Pb16HOBCK111iii 6 ,4 2,2 1,3 1,4 2, 1 nnoCKIIIiii 0 ,3 -
p-OH AIIICK
TMn 2 6
11 WaTpi!IUIIII, n.85 7 ,9 3 ,3 1, 1 1,7 2,3 nnoc KIIIiii 0,7 -
AIIICK
12 YHAPIIIX 7,3 3 ,3 0 ,9 1,8 2 ,5 nnoCKIIIiii 0 ,7 -
AIIICK
13 WyMOWb 8,8 3 ,5 1,2 1,8 2,4 nnoCKIIIiii 0 ,7 -
AIIICK
14 3aKonlllll.le n.3 8 ,5 3 ,5 1 ,4 2,1 2, 1 nnoCKIIIiii 0 ,8 -
AIIICK
 H. P. Ax.;u eoo6 9

15 WaHbKOBO >8,6 1,9 1,3 2,4 2,3 nnocKI-11ii 0,7 - npo,qonJKeHHe

KypraH 3 A1>1CK Ta6nHLfbl 1
16 WaHbKOBO 9,9 3, 1 1,2 2,7 2,2 nnocKI-11ii 0,7 HaMeYeHHble
KypraH 3 A1>1CK Tpeyr011bHI-1KI-1
17 WaHbKOBO OK.
3,4
18 n o pe'lbe 8,8 3,5 1,2 1,7 2, 1 n nocKI-11ii 0,4 -
A1>1CK
TMn 2 B

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Kypr aH 2 A1>1CK
20 WaHbKOBO 4 ,2 0K.1,6
KypraH 2
21 KynaKOBCKI-11ii 10,3 3,7 1,9 2,4 3,1 n no CKI-11ii 0,5 -
A1>1CK

~CXOASl 1113 pa3MepOB Q)lll6yn Ill COYeTa HIIISl pa3111114HbiX 31leMeHTOB Q>op-
Mbl MO>KHO npeAJlO>KIIITb CJleAYIOll.lYIO KJlaCCIIIQ>IIIKaU,IIIOHHYIO CXeMy :

TMn 1 - ,llyroew,llHO nporHyYble qm6ynbl, ce'leHue cerMeHTOBI-1.l!HOe,

C Bb/COKI-1M npueMHI-1KOM, KHOnKa cerMeHTOBI-1,llHOU </JOpMbl.
nonTIIIn a - MeHbWIIIX pa3Mepos, KHOnKa cnerKa nOAHSlTa, nepeKllaAIIIHa
npa KTIIIYeCKIII He BbiCyYnae T 3a KpaSl CniiiHKIII , HIII>KHSlSl YaCTb HO>KKIII ABYCKaTHaSl,
C BOrHyYOiil HIII>KHelil CTOpOHOiil , npllleMHIIIK BbiCOKIIIIil Ill y3KIIIIil, B sepxHelil YaCTIII
KOpnyca TpeyroJlbHble Bblpe3bl , OTBepCTIIISl B sepxHelil nnaCTIIIHe pa3HOB.e11111KIIIe ,
none peYHbllil rpe6eHb Ha c niiiHKe BbiAeneHHbllil , y3KIIIIil (MOll.liiiHCKoe ropOAIIIll.le ) .
no yCTOiiiYIIIBOMy MHeHIIIIO IIICC11eAOBaTeJ1elil, Q>1116yna nOATIIIna a BXOA11111a B COG-
TaB MOW.IIIHCKOrO KflaAa B CBSl3111 C TeM, 4TO 6bl1la BnepBble Ony611111KOBaHa
H . ~ . 6ynbiYOBbiM Ha OAHOIII Ta6n111u,e c npeAMeTaMIII 1113 MOLL\IIIHCKoro KllaAa. OA-
HaKo B Onli1Cb OTAe11a apxeonOriiiYeCKIIIX naMSlTHIIIKOB r~M OHa BHeCeHa cpeAIII
HaxOAOK s c noe ropOAIIIll.la [6ynbi40B, 1899. Ta6n . XII : 4] (KaT. N!! 1) (p111c. 1: 1).
noATIIIn 6 - KHOnKa nOAHSlTa Ha HeBbiCOKOiil HO>KKe, nepeKJlaAIIIHa CJler-
Ka BbiCTynae T 3a KpaSl cniiiHKIII Q>1116ynb1, penbeQ>HaSl, s s e pxHelil YaCTIII c niiiH-
KL-1 CI>1MMeTp1114Hble TpeyrOJlbHble Bblpe3 bl , o :rsepCT IIISl B nnaCTIIIHe Aep>Ka TeJlSl
pa3 HOBeJ1111KIIIe: OTBepCTIIIe AJlSl OCIII npy>KIIIHbl 601lbWe OTBepCTIIISl AJl.Sl TeTIIIBbl
(OA1>1H 3 K3 eMnnSlp - MOLL\IIIHCKoe ropOAIIILL\e) (KaT. N!! 2) (p111c. 1: 2) (B JliiiTepa-
rype paccMaTplllsaeTCSl BMecTe c BbiWeon~t~caHHOiil Q>~t~6ynolil) .
noATIIIn B - B s e pxHelil YaCTIII nOAnPSlMOyrOJlbHble rny60KIIIe Bblpe3bl.
H1>1>KHSlSl YaCTb CniiiHKIII OQ>OpMJleHa B BIIIAe Tpex rpaHe lil , KHOnKa Ha OYeHb Ma-
n eHbKOiil HO>KKe (TPIII 3 K3eMnnSlpa) . 0AHa HaliiAe Ha Ha ropOAIIILL\e CepeHCK
[<Pp0110B, 1970. C. 80-81, PIIIC . 1: 3] ; OAHa Ha 0ry6CKOM ropOAIIILL\e ; no piii-
CYHKy , 11106e3 HO npeAOCTaBne HHOMy r . A. M accaJliiiTIIIHOiil , K 3TOMY >Ke nOATIII-
ny MO>KHO OTHeCTIII Q>1116yny 1113 HaXOAOK Ha MOll.liiiHCKOM ropOAIIILL\e [Q>OTO
ony6niiiKOBaHo , CM . CoKpOBIIILL\a Kany>KCKoro Kpa Sl , 2005] (KaT. N!! 3 , 4, 5 ,
P1-1c. 1: 3 - 5). Y Q>1116y11b1 1113 Ory6cKoro ropOAIIILL\a KHOnKa BblnonHeHa s BIIIAe
nllOCKOrO AIIICKa, 4TO C61liii>KaeT ee C Q>1116y11aM111 Tlllna 2. 3TO , B03MO>KHO, yKa-
3biBaeT Ha 4yYb 6onee n03AHIOIO n03111U,IIIIO 3 TOiil Q>1116yJ1bl no OTHOWeHIIIIO K OC:
TallbHbiM Q>1116y11aM 3TQrO nOATIIIna. tJ,pyraSl OC06eHHOCTb 3 TOiil Q>1116yJ1bl COCT0-
1.1T B Q>opMe YaCTIII CniiiHKIII , np11111erai0Ll..\elil K KHOnKe, OHa MaCCIIIBHa, a ee Bepx-
HSlSl nosepxHoCTb noAHSlTa Ha yposeHb nonepeYHoro rpe6HSl .
Y Q>1116y11 3 TOrO Tlllna Aep>KaTeJlb MeXaHIII3Ma paCWIIIpSleTCSl K HIII>KHeMy
KOH4Y Ill BbiCyYnaeT BHyYpb, OTBepCTIIIe Af1Sl OCIII npy>KIIIHbl 6011bWe no pa3 Me-
py, YeM OTBepCTIIIe AJ1Sl TeTIIIBbl.
10 H. P. AxMeooo

TMn 2 - cna6o nporHyrble, ce'leH/IIe TpeyronbHoe, c nnocKoilf KHOnKoilf

OBaflbHOilf /llfl/11 KanneB/11/l,HOilf c{JOpMbl.
8HyTpll1 Tll1na no Be11Wlii1He 111 nponOpl..\11151M BbiAe/leHbl nOAT111nbl :
noATII1n a - A/1111Ha 5 ,8 - 6,8 CM; Wll1pii1Ha Cnii1HKII1 y npy>KII1Hbl- 1 , 5 -1 ,9 CM;
W111p111Ha Cnii1HKII1 y KHOnKII1 - 0 ,6-0,75 CM, KHOnKII1 CJlerKa OBallbHble 111/1111 Kan-
lleB111AHble - OT 1 X 1 ,5 CM AO 1 ,5 X 1 ,2 CM. np111eMHII1KII1 MalleHbKII1e, nps:!MO-
yrOJlbHble, BbiCOTa npll1eMHII1KOB - 0,3- 0 ,7 CM (KaT. N !! 7, 8, 9) (p111c. 2: 7-9).
Y HaxoAOK 1113 KypraHa 1 W a HbKOBa 111 CocHOBKII1-2 Ha o6paTHoli1 c TopoHe cnii1H-
KII1 npOCJle>KII1BaeTC51 npOAOJlbHblill Jlii1Teii!Hblill WOB , BbiXOA51W,II1ill Ha OCHOBaHII1e
np111eMH111Ka . K 3TOMY >Ke T111ny OTHOCII1TC51 HaXOAKa 1113 Pb16HoscKoro pailloHa Ps:~-
3aHcKoill 061laCTII1. 0Ha npeACTaBils:l eT C060ill OTJ1111BKY 1113 CBII1 Hl..\OB0-0110Bs:IHII1C-
TOro Cn/laBa no OTTII1CKY 111111...\eBOill YaCTII1 qm6yllbl. n o pa3MepaM HeCKOJlbKO OT-
Jlii1YaeTC51 OT OCTa/lbHbiX ¢m6y11 3TOrO nOATII1n a. Y Hee 6011ee W111pOKas:l Cnii1H-
Ka - W111p111Ha y npy>KII1Hbl COCTaBils:leT 2 ,2 CM, y KHOnK111 - 1 ,3 CM . YBe/1111'-leHa
111 KHOnKa: 1 ,4 X 2,1 CM. CyAs:! no BCeMy, ¢1116y11a, nOCJlY>K111BWas:l MOAellbiO Ails:!
ee OTJ1111BKII1, no AJ1111He 611111>Ke K ¢1116y11aM 2A, a no OCTallbHbiM AeTalls:IM - K ¢111-
6yllaM 26, 111 s:~sns:~eTcs:~ nepexOAHOill Me>KAy 3TII1MII1 noATII1naMII1. Ha TO, YTO sTa
OT11111BKa 6bllla 1113rOTOBJleHa ps:~3aHO-OKCKII1M MaCTepoM, yKa3biBaeT pac nono-
>KeHIIIe npll1e MHII1Ka - OH CMeW,eH K 1...\eHTpallbHOill YaCTII1 Cn ii1HKII1 , KaK y ps:!3a-
HO-OKCKII1X KpeCT08111AHbiX ¢1116y11, 8 OTJ1111YII1e OT a yTeHTII1YHbiX ¢1116y11 , y KOTOpbiX
np111eMH111K 8CerAa HaXOA111TC51 nOA KHOnKoill (KaT. N 2 10) (p111c.2: 10).
B a 0 111aHT 1 - 8 8epxHeill YaCTII1 Kopnyca eA8a 3aMeTHble PYAII1MeHTapHble
nOATpeyronbHble 8blpe3bl (KaT. N!! 6) (p111c. 2 : 6).
noAT II1n 6 - cpeAHII1X pa3Mepos, ceYeHII1e n oATp eyronbHOe , A11111Ha -
7 ,3-8,8 CM , W111p111Ha y n py>KII1Hbl - 2,8-3,5 CM (8 OAHOM CllyYae 1 ,9 CM, '-ITO ,
8epOs:!THO, 06bs:!CHs:leTC51 Ae¢eKTOM OTJ11118K111), Wll1pii1Ha y KHOnKII1 - 0,9- 1 ,4 CM;
KHOnKII1 OBallbHble, Wll1pii1Ha OT 1 ,6 AO 2,4 CM , A/1111Ha OT 2,1 AO 2 ,5 CM ; 8biCO-
Ta np111eMHII1Ka OT 0,4 AO 0 ,8 CM. Y ¢1116y11b1 1113 KypraHa 2 WaHbK08a (KaT. N215)
Ha o6paTHOill CTOpOHe Cnii1HKII1 npOCJle>KII18aeTC51 Jlii1Tei11Hblill W08, 8biXOA51W,111ill
Ha OCH08aHII1e npll1eMHII1Ka (KaT. NQ 11 - 18) (p111C. 2: 11- 14; 3: 15- 18).
noAT111n 8 - KpynHble, Cnii1HKII1 nOJlble, AJ1111Ha - 10- 10, 6 CM; W111pii1H a
y npy>KII1Hbl - 3,2- 3,7 CM; W111p111Ha y KHOnKII1 - 1 , 2 - 1 ,9 CM; Wll1pii1Ha KHOnKII1 -
2,2- 2 ,6 CM; 2 ,7-3, 1 CM; 8biCOTa npll1eMHII1Ka - 0,5- 0 ,6 CM , Cnii1HKII1 3TII1X ¢111 -
6yll noYTII1 11111weHbl npor1116a. V138eCTHO Tp111 3K3e Mnns:~pa (WaHbK080, Kyp-
raH 2 , KynaK08CKII1ill MOrll11lbH111K) (KaT. N !! 19-21) (p111c. 4 : 19-2 1) .
Y 8Cex ¢1116y11 Tll1na 2 Aep>KaTeJlb MexaH1113Ma cna6o pac w111ps:~eTcs:~ K KOH-
1...\Y, OAHaKO 8 OTJ1111YII1e OT ¢1116y11 Tll1na 1 He 3aXOAII1T 8HyTpb , a OT8epCTII151 OAII1-
HaK080ro A111aMeTpa.

HanpaaneHMe 3BOniOl4MOHHoro PSIAa

Ec11111 np111Hs:!Tb 3a AallbHII1e npoTOTII1nbl paccMaTpll18aeMbiX ¢1116yn nepe -
pa6oTKII1 ¢1116y11 Tll1na AllbMrpeH 84 Kpyra APe8HOCTeill 80CTOYHOesponeiiiCKII1X
8bleMYaTbiX 3Maneill, n0518Jls:IIOW,111eC51 Ha py6e>Ke 11- 111 88. (XM111JlbHs:IHCKas:l Ce-
p11151 no E . n. lopOX08CKOMy) 111 6b1TYIOW,111e 8 paMKaX nep80ill n01108111Hbl Ill B. , TO
Ha1116011ee paHHII1MII1 ClleAyeT CYII1TaTb ¢1116yJ1bl Tll1na 1 , 111MeiOW,111e cpeAH111e
pa3Mepbl, 6111113KII1e npOTOTII1naM, 111 xapaKTepHble 31leMeHTbl - Hallii1YII1e Bblpe-
308, cpopMa KHOnKII1, 8biCOK111ill np111eMHII1K. Ll eTKO 8biAelleHHblill nonepeYHblill
rpe6eHb, 8biCOKas:l cerMeHT08111AHas:l KHOnKa, KpynHble TpeyrOilbHble 8blpe3bl
y ¢1116y11 nOAT111nos 1A 111 16 cMeHs:IIOTCs:l Y3 KII1MII1 nps:~MoyronbHbiMII1 8blpe3aMII1,
CllerKa 8b1AelleHHbiMII1 rpe6Hs:!M111 111 KHOnKaMII1 8 8111Ae ynllOW,eHHOrO cerMeH -
Ta 11111111 nnocKoro A111CKa y ¢1116yn 1 B .
6011ee n03AH111M 518/ls:leTCs:l Tll1n 2A, A/1111HOill 5 ,8- 6,8 CM, B OAHOM CllyYae
npocne >KeHbl PYAII1MeHTapHble 8blpe3bl, npll1eMHII1K 8biAeneHHblill , e w,e nponop-
l..\1110HallbHO 8biCOK111ill , npll1eMHII1K 111 W OB CMeW,eHbl K OAHOMY KpaiO .
 II

3a HttlM cneAyeT Tttln 26 - AflttlHa 7,9- 9,9 CM, <)>opMa cnttlHKttl 6onee
nOATpeyronbHa5l , npttleMHttlKttl He BbiCOKttle, pacnono>Ke Hbl , KaK ttl flttlTeiiiHble
WBbl, no u,eHTpanbHOill octtl. Ha 3Tttlx <)>1t16yn ax scTpeYaiOTC5l noYTttl Kpyrnble
KHOnKttl. Ha o6paTHOill CTOpOHe CnttlHKttl OAHOillttl3 <)>ttl6yn ( WaHbKOBO , norpe6e-
Hii1e 2) BttlAHa cna6a5l sorHYTOCTb , oHa no nponopU,ttl5lM ttl o6w,eill AflttlHe 6nttl-
:>Ke K Tttlny 2B (KaT. NQ 16).
Hattl6onee n03AHttle 3K3eMnn5lpbl Tttlna 2B caMble KpynHble , 1t1x AflttlHa coc-
rasn5ler 10,3- 10,6 CM, CnttlHKttl CM5lrYeHHO- TpeyrOflbHOi/i <)>OpMbl, y 3K3eMn-
115lpa ttl3 KynaKOBCKoro MOrttlflbHitlKa - nona5l cnttlHKa.
TaKttlM 06pa30M, B OCHOBe 3BOJ110U,ttlOHHOro P51Aa Jle>KitlT TeHAeHU,It15! K y n-
po~eHttliO 1t1 cTaHAaPTttl3aU,ttlttl <)>opM , a a Ha ttl6onee n03AHttlX Tttlnax - K yse-
Illi1YeHI!110 pa3Mepos. Ha 3TY Te HAeHU,ttliO yKa3biBaeT lt1 r. A. MaccaflttlTttlHa.
npttl KapTOrpa <)>ttlpOBaHttlttl TttlnOB Bbl5lCH5leTC5l , YTO Tttln 1 BCTpeYe H JlttlWb
Ha naM5lTHttlKaX n eso6epe>KHOill YaCTttl sepx Heill 0Kttl , B OCHOBHOM B 6accei11He
p . Yrpbl ( MOUJ,ttlHbl ttl CepeHCK). nttlwb OAttlH 3K3eMn115lP HaliiAeH B 3an a AHOill
YaCTI!1- B 6accei11He p. npoTBbl (pltlC. 5) .
Tttln 2A TaK>Ke cocpeAOTOYeH Ha Yrpe (Ka>KaKttl, W aHbKoso). HO OAttlH 3 K-
3eM nl15lP HaiiiAeH AaneKo Ha soc ToKe - CocHOBKa -2 y ropOAitlW.a Poc-
Tii1Cflasnb-P5l3aHcKit1ill Ha p . 0 CeTp , a CBit1HU,OBO-OJ10B5lHttlCTa5l OTJlttlBKa no OT-
Tii1CKY <f>ttl6ynbl npOttlCXOAttlT c OAHOro ttl3 nocen eHttlill Pb1 6HOBCKoro pailloHa P5l -
3aHCKOill 0611aCTttl (cnyYaiiiHa5l HaXOAKa) .
Ha ttl6onee MH o roYitlCn e HHblill Tttln 26 A aeT co sepwe HHO APYryiO KapTttlHY
pacnpocrpaHeHttl5l: napa <)>ttl6yn s MOW.ttlHCKttlX APeBHOCT5lX ( W aHbKOBO), npa-
Bblill 6eper sepxHeill 0 Kttl - r opOAttlW.e n ope'lbe Ha Yne, ttl YeTblpe HaXOA Kitl
Ha p513aHCKOM TeYeHttl ttl p . 0Kttl , n pw~ e M a u,eHTpanbHOM pailloHe - W a Tpl-1-
ll.lli1, 3aKon ttlw,e, W yMO Wb , YHApttlx.
6Jlttl 3KYIO KapTI-1HY AeMOHCTp1.1pyeT ttl Tttln 2B - n apa <)>ttl6yn B n orpe6e-
Hii11!1 B W a HbKOBe ttl OAttlH OYHa5l HaXOAKa B KynaKOBCKOM MOn111bHttlKe B u,eHT-
pailbHOVl rpynne p513aHo-oKCKttlX MOrttlflbHI-1KOB.
no5lBfleHttl e <)>ttl6yn Tttlna 2A Ha 3anaAe P5l3aHCKOro npaso6epe>Kb5l p . 0Kttl
MO:>KHO 06b5lCHttlTb OnocpeA OBaHHbiMitl KYflbTypHbiMttl KOHTaKTaMI!1, np05lBJ15lB-
Wii1Mii1C5l B n05lBJ1eHI!11t1 OTAeflbHbiX «C1!1HTeTI!1YeCK1!1X» <)>OpM 1!1 311eMe HTOB o6w,ei/i
«MOCKBOpeu,KO-OKCKOill» >KeHCKOill MOAbl, KOTOpa5l B Ka>KAOill 1!13 KYflbTyp perlt1 -
0Ha <f>OPM1!1pyeTC5l a pycne op1!1rli1HanbHOro pa3Bii1Tii15l >KeHcKoro y6opa. B p5l-
3aHO-OKCKI!1X norpe6eH1!15lX 3TO Bblpa>KaeTC5l He TOflbKO B n05lBfle HI!11!1 «r lt1 6plt1A-
Hb1X» yKpaweH1!1ill , HO 1!1 lt1 Cn OJ1b30 BaHI!11!1 B 061!1XOAe OTAeflbHbiX npe AMeTOB
MOCKsopeu,Ko-sepxHeOKCKoro npo1!1CXO>KAeHI!15l [6enou,epKOBCKa5l , 2000]. Cli1 -
rya~.tlt15l c <)>1116yna M1t1 Tltlnos 26 1t1 2B npe A CTasn5leTC5l cos epweHHO 111Hoill . Cy-
A5l no BCeMy, 3 Tii1 <)>1116yflbl HOCI!1Tef15!Mii1 MOUJ,ttlHCKOill KYfl bTYPbl 1!1Cn OJ1b30Ba-
Jlli1Cb napaMI!1 B COCTaBe >KeHCKOrO KOCTIOMa. B p513aHO-OKCKttlX n a M5lTHI!1KaX
0Hii1 1!1Cn Oflb3YIOTC5l BCerAa n o OAHOIII. B OAHOM AOKyMeHTitlpOBaHHOM CflyYae
<j)1116yna CB5l3aHa c MY>KCKitlM n orpe6eHII1eM N2 85 W aTp1!1UJ,eHcKoro MOrli111bHI!1 -
Ka. no on111caH1t110 T. A . Kpa sYeHKO 3TO MY>KCKoe norpe6eH111e; <)>1116yna pacno -
naranacb Ha n05lCe, B COCTaBe 1!1HBeHTap5l - COCyA, KOnbe, APOTI!1K, KeflbT,
Af11!1Hblill Y3Kii1111 6oesoill HO>K, 6pacneT Ha npa soill pyKe c 1!13o6pa>KeHit1eM 6o-
POAaTbiX fliOAeill , >Kene3Ha5l np5l>KKa, CIOflbra Ma (Knacclt1YecK1!1ill 1!1HBe HTapb
MY>KCKoro BOitlHCKoro norpe6eH1!15l) [KpasYeHKO, 1974. C . 170]. 3AeCb sepx He-
OKCKa5l <)>1116yna 1!1CnOflb30BaHa BMeCTO KpeCTOB1!1AHOill p513aHO-OKCKOill <)>1t16y-
Jlbl - cou,lt1aflbHOro MapKe pa. CyA5l n o Ha6opy lt1HBeHTap5!, noA06Ha5l KapT1!1-
Ha, B03MO>KHO, Ha6f110AaflaCb 1!1 B KynaKOBCKOM MOrli111bHI!1Ke lt1 MOrli111bHit1Ke
YHAP111X. Cno>KH ee KapT1!1Ha s KOMnneKce norpe6eHit15l 3 3 aKon111W,e HCKoro MO-
r li1IlbHI!1Ka, TaK KaK KOJ1JleKU,Ii15l lt13 AOpeBOJliOU,ItlOHHbiX paCKOnOK lt1 KOMnfleKCbl ,
B03MO>KHO, CMewaHbl. ¢>1116yna 1!13 W yMOWI!1 np01!1CXOAI!1T lt13 C60pOB.
12 H. P. AxMeoo6

Aan..,poBKa Tex HeMHorOY111ClleHHbiX KOMnlleKCOB p513aHO-OKCKII1X ¢111HHOB,

B KOTOpbiX BCTpeYeHbl OKCKII1e cp1116y11bl C «KHOnKOiil>>, He BbiXOA111T 3a npeAe-
Jlbl nepBOiil n0110BII1Hbl - cepeA111Hbl V B. TaK, B ~eJlOM BTOpoi/1 TpeTbiO V BeKa
AaTII1PYIOTC5l HaxOAK111 6paCJleTa C KOH~aMII1, C aHTpOnOMOpcpHbiM111 111306pa)l(e-
HII15lM111 1113 n. 85 WaTpll1~eHcKoro MOrll11lbHII1Ka (p111c . 6: 13). 3TII1M )l(e BpeMe-
HeM AaTII1PYIOTC5l no5lCHble 6Jl5lWKII1 111 y3KII1iil HaKOHeYHII1K peMH5l 1113 KynaKo-
BCKoro MOr1111lbHII1Ka (p111C. 6: 14, 15). MaTepll1allbl rpa6111TellbCKOiil 51Mbl 33 Ha
MOrll11lbH111Ke YHAPII1X npeACTaBJl5liOT co6oiil ocTaTKII1 ABYX 11111111 Tpex pa3rpa6-
JleHHbiX norpe6eHII1iil, 111HBeHTapb 6onee paHHII1X norpe6eHII1iil npeACTaBJleH
np5l)I(K0iil C cerMeHTOB111AHOiil paMKOi/1111 AJlii1HHOiil 060iiiMOiil, KBaApaTHOiil n05lC-
HOiil HaKllaAKOiil C OpHaMeHTOM B B111Ae BblnyKJlbiX «)l(eMYY)I(II1H >> 111 MalleHbKOiil
np5lMOyrOJlbHOiil 6115lWKOiil C nonywapHOiil BblnYKllOCTbiO B ~eHTpe , A11111HHOrO
HaKOHeYHII1Ka peMH5l 1113 COrHyTOiil nllaCTII1Hbl , OTHOC5l~II1XC5l K cep111111 2 « reo-
MeTpii1Y8CKOrO>> CTII1Jl5l p513aHO-OKCKII1X rapHII1Typ. K paHHeMy KOMnlleKCy TaK)I(e
MO)I(HO OTHeCTII1 nllaCTII1HYaTbliil 6paC118T C paCW111peHHbiMII1 KOH~aMII1 111 reO-
MeTp111YeCK111M OpHaMeHTOM , rp111BHY pOM6111YeCKOrO CeYeHII15l C paCW111peHII1-
eM B nepeAHeiil YaCTII1. Bee 3TII1 HaXOAK111 xapaKTepHbl AJ15l xpoHonorii1YecKo-
ro nep1110Aa 3A2 BOII1HCKII1X norpe6eHII1iil p513aHO-OKCKII1X MOrll11lbHII1KOB, KOTO-
pbii/1 B ~ellOM AaT111pyeTC5l nepBoiil TpeTbiO VB. H.a. OcTallbHOiil MaTep111a11 1113
3TOiil 51Mbl OTHOCII1TC5l y)l(e K XpOHOJlOrii1YeCKII1M nepii10AaM 3B- 3C1, B ~eJlOM
AaTII1PYIOW.111XC5l B paMKax cepeAII1Hbl - TpeTbeiil YeTBepTII1 V B . [raBpll11lOB ,
1983; AxMeAOB, B neYaTII1 1]. TaK KaK B MaTep111aJlaX n03AHeiil YaCTII1 3TII1X Ha-
XOAOK npii1CyTCTByeT KpeCTOBII1AHa5l cp1116y11a , CII1HXpOHHa5l 111M , TO 110rii1YHO
npeAnOJ10)1(111Tb, YTO cp1116y11a «C KHOnKOiil » MOrlla BXOA111Tb B COCTaB 6011ee paH-
Hero norpe6eHII15l. HecMoTp5l Ha yMo3pii1TellbHOCTb aToro npeAnOJlO)I(eHII15l,
MO)I(HO C yBepeHHOCTbiO yTBep~aTb , YTO AaT111pOBKa 111HOKYllbTYPHOiil cp1116yllbl
3Aecb MO)I(eT 6b1Tb onpeAeneHa nepBoiil nonOBII1HOiil - cepeA~-tHoiil V s.
(p111C. 6: 1- 12).
TaKII1M o6pa30M , Ha AaHHbliil MOMeHT BepxHIOIO rpaH~-t~y 6biTOBaHII15l ¢~-t6y11
C «KHOnKOiil>> Tll1nOB 26 111 2B CJleAyeT OnpeAe11111Tb B paMKaX nepBOiil n0110BII1-
Hbl - cepeA111Hbl V B., COOTBeTCTBeHHO cp~.-t6yllbl T111na 1 111 T111na 2A AOJl)I(Hbl OT-
HOCII1TbC5l K npeAWeCTBYIO~eMy BpeMeHII1, KOTOpoe MO)I(eT npeAnOJ10)1(111TeJlb-
HO 6b1Tb onpeAelleHO B ~eJlOM BTOpoi/1 nOJlOBII1HOiil - KOH~OM III - IV BB. 6onee
TOYHble AaTII1POBKII1 noKa HeB03MO)I(Hbl BBII1AY OTCYTCTBII15l AaT~.-tpyiOUJ,II1X npeA-
MeTOB B MaJ10YII1CJ18HHbiX KOMnlleKCaX C 3TII1MII1 cp1116y11aM111. nnaCTII1HYaTOe Kpe-
CaJlO B KypraHe 1 WaHbKOBa He 111MeeT y3Koiil AaTbl, 11111Wb np5l)I(Ka 1113 Kypra-
Ha Ka)l(aKII1 yKa3biBaeT Ha B03MO)I(HOe cyw,eCTBOBaHII1e cp1116y11 Tll1na 2A B noc-
lleAHei/1 YeTBepT111 IV B. TaKII1M o6pa3oM , Ha AaHHbliil MOMeHT BpeM5l 6biTOBaHII151
OKCKII1X cp1116y11 C KHOnKOi/1 B ~ellOM ClleAyeT Wll1pOKO OTHOCII1Tb K KOH-
~y Ill - nepBoiil nonoB~-tHe V BB. AallbHeiilwll1e KoppeKT111pOBKII1 B03MO)I(Hbl
B yTOYHeHII1111 HII1)1(Heiil AaTbl 6biTOBaHII15l 3TII1X cp~.-t6yll, YTO 6yAeT B03MO)I(H0 np111
Ha11111YII1111 HOBbiX HaXOAOK.
111cnOJlb30BaHII1e )l(eHCKII1X cp.1116y11 111HOKYllbTYPHOro npOI'ICXO~eHI-151 BMeCTO
KpecTOBIIIAHbiX 1'13BeCTHO B p513aHO-OKCKI'IX naM5lTHI'IKax. Hanpi'IMep,
ABynnacTII1HYaTble ¢1116ynb1 6bllll'l I'ICnonb30BaHbl B MY)I(CKI'Ix norpe6eHI'I51X
s Kow~-t6eescKOM (norpe6eHI'Ie 75 1'13 pacKonoK A. A. Cnl'l~biHa). HI'IKI'I-
TII1HCKOM , (norpe6eHI'Ie 131 , pacKonKII1 111. P. AxMeAosa) 111, B03MO)I(HO, 6opKo-
BCKOM MOrl'lllbHII1KaX (ABe HaXOAK111 1'13 c6opOB B. 111. 3y6KOBa) [Tpy6HI'IKOBa,
1970. C.11 - 112, Pill C. 2; AxMeAOB 111 AP · , 2004; AM6po3, 1982. PIIIC. 1: 29, 38] .
A B KOMnneKce norpe6eHII15l 380 MOri'IJlbHI'IKa YHAP~'~X BMecTo KpecTOBI'IAHOiil
¢1116yJlbl 111CnOJlb30BaHa cp1116y11a I'IHOKYllbTYPHOrO np0111CXO~eH1'15l, 6111113Ka5l no
06Jlii1KY cp1116y11aM Tl'lna <<npara>> [AXMeAOB, B neYaTI'I 1 ]. >KeHUJ,II1Hbl )l(e 6blllli1
6011ee KOHCepBaTII1BHbl, Ill B 111X norpe6eHI'I5lX V BeKa BCTpeYeHbl KpeCTOBI'IAHble
 H. P. AXMeOo6 13

cp116yJ1bl. 0HII1 8CerAa 111Cn0Jlb308af1111Cb 8 KOCTIOMe 8 OAHOM 3K3eMni1Slpe 111

MapK1!1pytOT npii1HaAJ1elKHOCTb 111X 06JlaAaTeJ1bHII1U, K CeMbSlM pOA080~ 3Jlii1Tbl.
nta60nbiTHO, '-ITO 8 nep80~ nOJ108111He V 8eKa Ha611tOAaeTCSl 111 06paTHbl~
cpeHOMeH: HaXOAK111 KpeCT08111AHbiX ¢>1116yn paHHII1X cep111~ 8 6acce~He MOCK-
sa-peKitl. Ha~t~6onee 6nii13KO~ Tepp111TOp111allbHO per1110Hy cpeAHero TeYeHII1Sl
p . 0Kitl Sl8J1SleTCSl HaXOAKa Ha cen111~e Ha 6epery p. EI1111HKII1, np111TOKe p. nonac-
HI1 - ne80M np111TOKe p. 0KII1, Ha rpaH111u,e CepnyxoacKoro 111 CTynii1HCKoro
pa~OH08 MOCKOBCKO~ 061laCTII1. <l>1116yna 6pOH30BaSl, no nponopU,ItiSlM 6I11113Ka·
cep1111 pSl3aHO-OKCKII1X ¢>~t~6yn IA4, 6b1TYI0~111X B OCHOBHOM BO BTOpO~ YeTaep-
TI1 V B. (p111C. 7 : 6) (HaXOAKa Jlta6e3HO npeAOCTaBileHa AJlSl ny6I1111KaU,111111
A. 6. Cene3HeBbiM). 3aTPYAHeHo onpeAeneHII1e KOHTeKcTa HaXOAK111 KpecTo-
B11AHO~ 6pOH30BO~ ¢>1116yflbl B nOAbeMHOM MaTep111a11e Ha ApeaHepyCCKOM no-
Ce1leHitl111 XoTSllKII1 2 (H111KII1¢>opoacKoe), pacnonolKeHHoro Ha p. MocK8e noA
3seH~t~ropoAOM (p111c. 7: 2) [CTaHtOKOBII1Y, AlleKceea 111 AP. , 2001. C. 121 - 122].
ctl116yna 6nii13Ka cep111111 IA5, 6biTYta~e~ OAH08peMeHHO c yKa3aHHbiMI!I Bblwe
cep11SlMitl ¢>~t~6yn.
B coceAHeM pa~oHe, a MolKa~cKe, a TeYeHII1e ce3oHa 2006 roAa 6blfla o6-
HapylKeHa ¢>1116yna, 6Jlii13KaSl cep111SlM IA2 1t1 IA3 (p111c. 7: 9) ( I!IH¢>opMaU,ItiSl nta-
6e3HO npeAOCTaaneHa aaTopoM pacKonoK 6 . E. 5lH111WeBCKI!IM) . HecMOTPSl Ha
TO , '-ITO OHa Ha~AeHa B KOHTeKCTe ropOACKOrO CJlOSl APe8HepyCCKOrO apeMe-
HI1, ee np111CYTCTBI!Ie a 3TOM pa~oHe 8PSlA 11111 cneAyeT CYII1TaTb cnyYa~HbiM. CKo-
pee BCero, 1113HaYaJ1bHO OHa npOII1CXOA11111a C OAHOrO 1113 naMSlTH111KOB I TbiC. H.3.
B Apyro~ CII1Tyau,111111 6b1na o6HapylKeHa ¢>1116yna a PaTbKOBCKOM MOrll1nb-
HI1Ke, 11CCI1eAOBaHHOM B . VI . Bl!lwHe8CKII1M a 8epxo8bSlX p. ,D,y6Ha (p111c . 7: 10)
[B11WHeacKitl~ , 2002. C. 550 - 557]. Morii1IlbHII1K pacnonolKeH Ha nno~aAKe
MbiCosoro ropOAI!I~a AbSlKOBCKO~ KYllbTYPbl , npeACTaanSleT co6o~ KpeMaU,II1111 ,
KaK B CflOe, TaK Ill CBSl3aHHble C OBaflbHbiMII1 SlMaMII1, OT He60J1bW111X - pa3-
MepaMI1 0,4- 0,6 M , AO KpynHbiX- 1,5 X 2 M. ABTOpOM paCKOnOK no nnaHII1r-
pacpl11tl HaXOAOK 111 COOpylKeHI!I~ 6blf1111 BbiAeJleHbl nSlTb KOMnJleKCOB, B KOTOpbiX
KpeMitlpOBaHHble OCTaHKI!I COnpOBO)I(AaJ1111Cb KepaMII1KO~ Ill MHOrOYII1CJleHHbiMII1,
B 60flbWI!IHCTBe C80eM nOABeprWII1MII1CSl B03Ae~CTBII110 OrHSl 6pOH30BbiMII1 1t1
JKene3HbiMII1 npeAMeTaMII1 . KpecTOB111AHaSl ¢>1116yna, 6nii13KaSl pSl3aHO-OKCKII1M
c epi1SlM IA4 111 IA5, OTHOC1111laCb K KOMnJleKCy 2, B KOTOpOM HaXOA111I10Cb ca-
MOe 60flbWOe KOJ1111YeCT80 KaJ1bU,II1HII1pOBaHHbiX KOCTe~ cpeA111 BCeX KOMnfleK-
COB , 60flbWOe KOJli!IYeCTBO KepaMII1K111, 06yrneHHbl e 3epHa 3JlaKOB 111 OKOJlO
200 113Aefllll~ : ¢>1116yna, 6nSlWKII1-CKopnynKII1, wyMSl~ll1e nOABeCKII1, AeTanll1 Ha-
no6Horo 8eHYII1Ka, H0)1(111, WI!IJlbSl , 6yCbl CI!IHero CTeKJla , 6111KOHII1YeCKOe Kepa-
MI1YeCKOe npSlCJ1111U,e, ¢>parMeHTbl Jlii1Te~HbiX ¢>opMOYeK, 6pOH30Bble «CJ1111TKII1 »
[B11wHescKIIIii1 , 2002. C. 555 , p111c. 1: 27- 30, 34- 36; p111c. 2: 1, 10, 14,
17, 22- 24, 27, 28, 30, 32- 34] . B MaTepll1anax naMSlTHII1Ka npocnelKII1BaeTCSl
l..le1lblii1 PSlA napannene~ pSl3aHO-OKCKII1M APeBHOCTSlM. K HII1M OTHOCSlTCSl no.v.-
eecKI1 OT Hano6HbiX seHYII1KOB c S-o6pa3HbiM111 3BeHbSlMI!I, cn111panbHble
nepcTHI1 , Tpaneu,ll1eB111AHble 111 csepHyrble 1113 11111cTa nOABeCKII1, AeTanll1 alKyp-
HbiX 3aCTelKeK, nOSlCHaSl 611SlWKa npSlMOyrOJlbHO~ ¢>opMbl C BOrHyTbiMI!I 60-
KOBbiMitl cropoHaMII1. VIHTepecHbl nnaCTII1Hbl c «ABO~HbiMII1 lKeMYYlKII1HaM111»,
KOTOpble ltiHTepnpeTI!IpytOTCSl a8TOpOM paCKOnOK KaK AeTaJlltl BeHYII1KOB, HO
Haf111Yiile Ha HII1X wneHbK08 AJlSl KpenneHI!I~ CBI!IAeTeJlbCTByeT 0 TOM , '-ITO OHII1
MOrf111 yKpawaTb 111 HOlKHbl MeYe~ - U,eJlaSl cep111Sl TaKII1X 1113Aellll1~ BCTpeYeHa
Ha pSl3 aHO-OKCKII1X naMSlTHII1Kax (Kopa6nii1HO M-1 , n. 96; 3apeYbe 4 , n . 55;
6opKoBcKoii1, n. 93 111 AP-) [AI1Sl np111Mepa - Cnii1U,biH, 1901, p111c. 9, 6onee
nOAP06HO- AxMeAOB, B neYaTII1 2) .
PaHH111e ¢>opMb1 KpecTOBIIIAHbiX ¢>1116yn 1113secTHbl 111 8 sepxHeM no80JllKbe.
Ha npaso6epelKbe SlpocnascKoro TeYeHII1Sl Bonr111 Ha~AeHa KpecTOB111AHaSl
14 H. P. Ax.Medo6

¢1116yna Ha nonaAbiiiHCKOM celllllll.le (p111c. 7: 4) [roptOHOBa, 1961. C. 89,

p111c . 9: 16; 36 : 25] . CyAfl no AOCTaTOYHO rpy6oMy p~~tcyHKY 111 on111caH11110
B TeKCTe - ynOMfiHYT :>Kelle3Hbllli MeXaHIII3M - ¢1116y11a MO:>KeT 6b1Tb OTHece-
Ha K ceplllf!M IA4-5, 6biTYIOliliiiM B L.lellOM BO BTOpOIIi YeTBepn1 V B.
Ha yYaCTKe Me:>KAY ~p ocnaBneM 111 KocTpoMolli HaXOAKa KpecTOBIIIAHO~
¢1116ynb1 npoiiiCXOAIIIT c noceneHIIIfl BBeAeHcKoe, pacnono:>KeHHoro Ha npaBOM
6epery p. Bonrlll [CTaHKeBIIIY, 1987. C. 17, Ta6n. 23]. A . E. n eoHTbeB CYIIITa-
eT ee aHanoriiiYHO~ HaXOAKe Ha n onaAbiiiHCKOM cen111w,e , OAHaKo no nponop-
L.IIIIf~M oHa 611111:>t<e ¢1116ynaM Pfl3aHo-OKCKII1X c ep11111i lA 1-3 (p111c. 7 : 5) [neoHTbeB ,
1996. C. 225]. EAII1HCTBeHHolli HaxoAKOIIi B 3aBOil:>Kbe f!BilfleTcfl KpecTOB111A-
Haf! ¢1116yna cep111111 IA4 (p111c. 7 : 3), npo111CXOAHll.laH c ropOA111ll.la OpnoB ropo-
AOK , pacnono:>t<eHHoro B ceBepHolli YaCTII1 TBepcKolli o6naCTIII , B MonoKOBCKOM
pallioHe [MaKCII1MOB, 1980. C. 64- 65] .
KapTOrpa¢111pOBaHII1e 111 Tll1nOBOIIi COCTaB HaXOAOK KpeCTOBII1AHbiX ¢1116y11
B MOCKBOpeYbe 111 n oBOJl:>Kbe nOKa3biBatOT, YTO OHII1 nOf!Bilf!IOTCfl B TeYeHII1e KO-
pOTKOrO npoMe:>t<yTKa cpa3y Ha Bcex yKa3aHHbiX Teppii1TOPIIIfiX (p111c. 8). TaKII1M
o6pa30M, HaXOAK111 Pfl3aHO-OKCKIIIX ¢1116y11 paHHIIIX cep111~ B MOCKBOpeYbe MO-
rYT AlllarHOCTII1POBaTb HaYano npo1..1e cca npOHII1KHoBeHII1fl pfl3aHo-oKCKIIIX ¢111H-
HOB Ha nOAMOCKOBHOe neBo6epe:>t<be p .OKII1 111 Aanee K ceBepy y:>t<e B nepBo~
nonOBII1He VB . H.3. CyAfl no HaXOAKaM ¢1116y11b1 111 ¢parMeHTa ¢1116yn 6onee
n03AHelli cep111111 lA 12, 6biTYIOll.lelli BO BTOpOIIi nOilOBII1He V - HaYane VI BB. Ha
JJ.yAeHeBCKOM ropOA111ll.le 111 Ha nnoll.laA111 APeBHepyccKoro ~pononYa (n111po-
Bbl ropOA111W.111) Ha npaBOM 6epery p . Kllf!3 bMbl (HaXOAKa ¢parMeHTa ¢1116Yilbl
CBH3aHa no np0111CXO:>KAeHII110 C KYilbTypHbiM CllOeM noceneHII1f! cepeAII1Hbl -
BTOpOIIi nOJlOBII1Hbl I TbiC. H.3. ), 3TOT npOL.IeCC npOAOJl:>KaJlCfl Ha npOTfi:>KeHII1111
Bcero VB. (p111c. 7 : 7, 8) [roptOHOBa, 1961. p111c . 9: 15; M111xallinoBa, 1988.
C. 154- 155, pii1C. 3: 7) .
B nonb3Y 3Toro npeAnono:>KeHII1fl CBII1AeTeJlbCTByeT 111 CII1HXPOHHOCTb nof!B-
neHIIIfl n03AHIIIX Tll1nOB BepxHeOKCKII1X ¢1116y11 C KHOnKOIIi Ha HO:>KKe B pfl3aHO-
OKCKII1X naMf!THII1KaX 111 KpeCTOB111AHbiX ¢1116y11 n e pBO~ nOilOBII1Hbl V BeKa K Ce-
Bepy oT p. OKIII .
Bo3MO:>KHO, no3AHII1e BepxHeOKCKII1e ¢1116y11b1 nOf!BilfltOTCfl Ha pfl3aHCKOM
TeYeHII1111 p. 0KII1 KaK pe3yllbTaT aKTII1BHOCTII1 pfl3aHO-OKCKII1X ¢111HHOB Ha con-
peAellbHbiX Teppii1TOPIIIHX neBo6epe:>t<bH cpeAHelli 0KII1. n oKa TPYAHO onpeAe-
11111Tb CYTb 3 TOrO npOL.IeCCa, HO HaXOAK111 ¢1116y11 B B0111HCKII1X norpe6eHII1f!X n03-
BOJlHIOT npeAnOnaraTb, YTO OHII1 MOrJ1111 nOf!BII1TbCfl 3A eCb 111 B KaYeCTBe BOeH-
HbiX Tpo¢eeB.
Bo3MO:>KHO c 3TIIIMII1 co6b1TIIIf!M111 CBfl3aHo nof~BileHII1e OTAellbHbiX cocyAOB
MOll.liiiHCKOrO 0611111Ka B Pfl3aHO-OKCKII1X KOMnlleKCaX - Hanpii1Mep, BbiCOKII1X OK-
pyrno60KII1X llOUJ,eHbiX MIIICOK B norpe6eHIIIII1 3 MOrll11lbHII1Ka 3apeYbe-4, nor-
pe6eHII1f!X 26, 30, 38, 40 WaTp~~tw,eHcKoro MOrll11lbHII1Ka 1113 pacKonoK
n . n. E¢111MeHKO [AxMeAOB, 6 ellOL.IePKOBCKafl, 1996. pii1C. 23: 1). noKa3aTellb-
HO 111 np111CYTCTBII1e 3TOro Tlllna COCYAOB, Hapf~AY C cep ll1f~MII1 APYrii1X xapaKTep-
HbiX BepxHeoKCKIIIX ¢opM Ha naMf!THII1Kax Kpyra YepTOBII11..1KOe-3aMf!TIIIHO,
B BepxHeM noAOHbe. 3To, no MHeHII110 A.M . 06noMcKoro, yKa3biBaeT Ha np111-
CYTCTBII1e B COCTaBe nOI11113THIIIYHOrO HaCelleHII1fl, OCTaBII1BWero 3TII1 APeBHOC-
TII1, 3 HaYII1TellbHbiX rpynn MOCKBOpel..IKO- OKCKII1X nepecelleHL.IeB (06110MCKII111i,
2004. c. 150- 152, 156] .
V1CYe3HOBeHIIIe «nJleMeHHOrO» :>KeHCKOrO KOCTIOMa y HaCelleHII1fl, OCTaBII1B-
w ero M0ll.lii1HCKYIO KYilbTYPY. B a HCaM6Jlb KOTOporo BXOAII111111 napHble ¢1116y11bl
C «KHOnKOIIi>> , BeCbMa CII1MnTOMa TIIIYHO. 3 TO CBIIIAeTellbCTByeT eCJ1111 He 0 npeK-
paw,eHII1111 6biTOBaHIIIfl KYilbTYPbl, TO, KaK MII1HIIIMYM, o6 04eHb cepbe3HbiX t.13Me-
HeHIIIf!X B :>KII13HII1 ee HOCIIITeJlel/i. )f(eHCK11111i KOCTIOM f!BJlf!eTCf! OAHIIIM 1113 Ba:>K-
 H. P. AxMeiJoG 15

Hel1w111x 311eMeHTOB caM0111AeHTI!I¢1!1Kau,ll1111 TPaAI.1U.It10HHbiX o6U.(ecre, ..., ero 1!13-

MeHeHI!Ie BCerAa CBI.1AeTe11bCTByeT 0 cepbe3HbiX C06biT1.1SlX B I!IX )f(lt13Hit1.
HaXOAKI-1, CBI.1AeTe11bCTBYIOLl.llt1e 0 nOSlBlleHI-11.1 3AeCb HOBbiX rpynn Hace-
neHI!I~ , y.>Ke AOCTaTOYHO nOAp06HO paCCMaTp1.1Ba111.1Cb B 063ope, COAep)f(a-
ll.leMC~ a coeMecrHoi1 pa6ore aeropa ..., M. M. Ka3aHcKoro [AxMeAOB, Ka3a-
HCKII111, 2004. C . 173- 175] . 111MeHHO B 1.1X cpeAe 1.1 np01.1CXOAI.1T cpopM1.1pOBaHI.1e
HOBbiX Tlt1nOB cp1.16y11.
Ha ropOAI.1U.(e CepeHcK Ha£1AeHa KpynHaSl ¢1.16yna c w1.1weYK0£1, Macclt1B-
HOI1 Cni!IHK0£1, yKpaweHH0£1 reOMeTp1.1YeCKI.1M OpHaMeHTOM 1.1 TpaneU,It1eBI.1AH0£1
HOlKKOi1 (p~!~C . 9: 4), KOTOpyiO 111. K. ¢>p01108 CYI.1Ta11 eap1.1aHTOM OKCKI.1X KpeCTO-
BiiiAHbiX ¢1.16y11 [¢>p0110B, 1970. C . 81]. 6J11.13Ka5l no 06111t1KY ¢1.16y11a np01.1C-
XOAI-1T c ropOAI.1Ll.la Kapraeu,eeo, KoropyiO A. M . BopoHu,oe paccMaTp1.1eaer
B KOHTeKCTe sepxHe£1 AaTbl MOU.(It1HCK0£1 KYllbTYPbl (p1.1c.9: 3) [BopOHL..I,OB, 2003.
C. 294-295, p1.1c. 1: 1] . C repp1.1TOPI.11.1 oKpyrl-1 Ko3e11bCKa npo1.1CXOAI.1T cnyya£1-
Ha~ HaxOAKa He6onbwoi:1 ¢1.16y11b1 MeHbWI.1X pa3Mepo8, o6naAatOLl.le£1 seeM Ha-
6opoM np1.13HaKOB, xapaKTepHbiX AJlSl 8biWeyKa3aHHbiX cp1.16y11 (p1.1C. 9 : 2).
B cocrase KOMnneKca norpe6eHI.1Sl 380/ 8 MOrlt111bHI.1Ka YHAPI.1X HaXOAI-111acb
¢1-16yna, npi1HaMe.>Kall(aSl K eap1.1aHry ¢1.16y11 r1.1na «npara». 3TOT 3K3eMnn~p
OT BbiWeOnlt1CaHHbiX ¢1.16y11 OTJ11.1YaeT OTCYTCTBI.1e Wlt1WeYKI.1 1.1 6onee Y3Ka5l
HOlKKa (p1.1C. 9: 1}. 0H Ha£1AeH BMeCTe C KpynH0£1 npSl.>KK0£1 C MaCCI.1BH0£1 060£1-
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KOro npo11CXO)f(AeHI.151 [AxMeAOB, a neYaTI-1 1] . CneAyer raK.>Ke yKa3aTb Ha ¢1.1-
6yny, 6111.13KYIO cp1.16y11a M Tlt1na n1.111bBI.1Hbl (Ha1.16011ee paHHI.1e o6pa3U,bl KOTO-
pbiX 1!13BeCTHbl B BOCTOYHOJ11.1TOBCKI.1X KypraHaX) C Tepp1.1TOp1.11.1 MOrlt111bHI.1Ka
C KpeMaL.J,I!I~MI-1 TpeTbe£:1 YeTeepTI-1 I TbiC. B ll.l,ypoee , HaliiAeHHYIO B TeYeHitle Ce-
30Ha 2007 roAa (n106e3Hoe coo6U.(eHI.1e A. C . CblposaTKO) [nocneAHI.1e C8eAe-
HI-1SI o naM51THI1Ke eM. CblpoeaTKo ..., APYrl-1e, 2008. C . 99-1 00].
Aei:1cTBI.1TenbHO, pa3Mepbl ¢1.16yn, KpynHble 61.1KOHI.1YecKI.1e w1.1weYK1t1 , wl-1-
poKiile Tpaneu,ll1eB111AHble HO)f(KI-1 , rpaBIIIpOBaHHbllil OpHaMeHT C611111)f(aiOT nepBble
1-13 rpex on111caHHbiX ¢1116y11 c p513aHo- oKCKII1MII1 KpecTOB111AHbiMII1 3acre)f(KaMII1.
B ro JKe speM51 111MII1Tau,ll151 pll1¢11eHII151 111 o6L1l111e nponopu,111111 yKa3biBaiOT Ha APY-
rlile Tl!lnbl ¢1116y11, KOTOPble nem1.1 8 OCH08Y 3TII1X 3K3eMnn51poe. CKopee 8Ce-
ro, IIIMI!I 6bl111.1 ¢1116y11b1 r111na «npara» , a u,enoM xapaKrepHble AJ151 ApeeHocre£:1
Mopas111111 111 CnosaKII1111 [Schulze-Dorrlamm , 1986. C . 693-694] . B HaCT05lll(lt1.:1
MOMeHT Bb1Ae115110TC51 C11eAYIOLl.llt1e pa£10Hbl BOCTOYH0£1 EBpOnbl , B KOTOpbiX
KOHL\eHTPII1PYIOTC51 HaXOAK111 3TII1X AYHa£1cKo-repMaHCKII1X ¢1.16yn; WeHTpa11bHa51
nliiTBa, CyAaBCKa51 rpynna naM51THII1KOB, KYllbTypa BOCTOYHOJlliiTOBCKIIIX Kypra-
HOB; OTAellbHble HaXOAK111 1113BeCTHbl B n03AHeBeJ1b6apCKI.1X naM51THII1KaX 111
B Kynbrype AonnbKai:1M- Koepoeo. B eocTOYHo6anrll1i:1cKoM per111oHe MeCTHble
sepCI!II!I ¢1116yn Tlt1na npara Ae11~TC51 Ha 8ap111aHTbl nlt1Jlb8111Hbl 111 BII111KOHII1C
[Biiujene, 2006. P. 132- 133. Fig. 5].
HaxOAKa ¢1.16y11b1 r111na «n para» cAenaHa Ha npa.>KcKoM noceneHI/1111 Ko-
AbiH 111 K0110YII1HCKOM naM51TH111Ke KonoAe3Hbli:1 6yrop. HaxOAKI-1 ¢1116yn 3Tit1X Till-
nos, no MHeHI-110 111CC11eAOBaTe11ei:1, CBI.1AeTe11bCTBYIOT 0 Me)f(KYllbTYPHbiX KOH-
TaKTax pa3J1111YHbiX rpynn repMaHU,eB, 6a11TOB, CJ1a851H, p513aHO-OKCKII1X cp1.1HHOB
[rasp111ryx111H, 1989. C . 78-80, p111c. 1-2; Ka3aHCKI-1.:1, 1999. C. 414; AxMeAOB,
Ka3aHCKII1.:1, 2004. C . 175] .
B 6a11Tit1111 HaXOAK111 3TII1X ¢1116yn AaTIIIPYIOT cepeAIIIHo£1 - rperbe£1 YeT-
sepTbiO V - HaYallOM VI BB., Ha paHHeC11aB51HCKI.1X naM51THII1KaX 1.1X OTHOC51T
B 1..\eflOM K V B.
CyA~ no 8CeMy, n051B11eHII1e 3TII1x ¢1.16yn a sepxHeM nooYbe TaK.>Ke cne-
AYeT paccMaTp111BaTb 8 pycne rlt1noTe3bl o no5lsneHII1111 HOBbiX 1.1HOKY11bTYPHbiX
rpynn HaceneH1!1~. 3K3eMn1151Pbl 1113 Ko3e11bCKa, CepeHCKa 111 Kapraeu,eea Hecyr
16 H. P. AxMeOo6

Ha ce6e cneAbl 3HaKOMCTBa MacTepa c p~3aHo-oKCKI-1MI-1 KpecTOBI-lAHbiMI-1 ¢1-1-

6ynaMI-1, 1-1 B03 MO>KHO B HeKOTOpO~ CTen e HI-1 nOApa>KaiOT I-1M , COXpa H ~~ TeM
He MeHee xapaKTe pHble pl-1¢/leHble 1-1111-1 OpHaMeHTI-lpOBaHHble Cnl-lHKI-1. 3TO HI-1-
KOrAa He BCTpeYaeTC~ Ha p~ 3aHO-OKCKI-1X KpeCTOBI-lAHbiX ¢1-16ynax, HO ~BJ1S1-
eTC~ OAHO~ 1-13 CBOeo6pa3HbiX YepT, npi-1CYW.I-1X 1-lX npOTOTI-lnaM, - Bapl-laH-
TaM ¢1-16yn T!-lna « n para» . K KOHL\Y V - HaYany VI BB . p~3aHo-oKCKI-1e KpecTo-
BI-lAHble ¢1-16yJ1bl B CpeAHeM n oOYbe y>Ke BbiXOA~T 1-13 ynOTpe611eHI-1~ , no:HOMY
pe30HHO npeAnono>KI-1Tb, YTO npo!-13BOACTBO ¢1-16y11 rpynnbl CepeHCK-KapTaB-
1..\eBo no Bpe MeHI-1 MO>KeT COOTBeTCTBOBaTb Y3KO~ A aT!-l pOBKe 6ai1TI-1~CKI-1X na-
pallllelle~. 3TO KOCBeHHO nOATBep)I(AaeT HaWe npeAnOilO>KeH!-le 0 BpeMeHI-1
npeKpaw,eHI-1~ 6biTOBaHI-1~ BepXHeOKCKI-lX ¢1-16y11 C « KHOnKO~ » .
PaCCMOTpeHHble KaTerOpl-11-1 HaXOAOK CBI-1AeTellbCTBYIOT 0 TOM , YTO Mbl
BnpaBe npe AnOilara Tb Halli-1YI-1e KOpeHHbiX I-13MeHeHI-1~ B 3THOKYilbl)'pHO~ Kap-
TI-1H8 6acce~Ha BepxHe~ OK~ ~ MocKsopeYbfl, cosnaAaiOUJ.I-lX no speMeHI-1
c co6 biTI-1~MI-1 snox~-1 Be111-1Koro nepeceneHI-1~ HaPOAOB, onocpeAoBaHHbi M oT-
pa>KeHI-leM KOTOpbiX OHO B KOHeYHOM CYeTe 1-1 ~Bilfl8TC5l. 8 Cl-1/ly OTCyTCTBI-1S1
AaHHbiX ni-1CbMeHHbiX 1-lCTOYHI-l KOB OAHI-1M 1-13 He06XOAI-1MbiX MeTOAOB B pewe-
HI-11-1 3TI-1X np0611eM npeACTaBil~eTC~ BbiAelleH!-le 1-1 1-13yYeHI-1e 3THOKYilbl)'pHbiX
1-1 XpOHOI10ri-1YeCKI-1X MapKepOB, KOTOpOe n 03BOJ11-1T KOHKpeTI-131-lpOBaTb npeA-
nOilO>KeHI-1~ 06 yYaCTI-11-1 pa3Jli-1YHbiX rpynn HaCelleHI-1~ B <J>opMI-lpOBaHI-11-1 HOBbiX
CTPYKTYP B 3TOM per1-1oHe Ha nopore paHHero cpeAHeBeKOBb~ .

lt13 110>KeHHble B 3TOM KpaTKOM 063ope nO/lO>KeHI-1~ Hl-1 B KOe~ Mepe He ~B­
Jl~IOTC~ OKOHYaTellbHbiMI-1, 1-lX ClleAyeT paCCMaTpi-1BaTb KaK 3/leMeHTbl pa6oYe~
rl-1nOTe3bl, KOTOpble He06XOAI-1MO YYI-1TbiBaTb npl-1 peweHI-11-1 He TOJlbKO npo6-
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paHHec peAHeBeKoBo~ 1-lCTOPI-11-1 1-1 necHo~ 30Hbl Ll,eHTpanbHO~ PocCI-11-1, 1-1 Boc-
TOYHO~ EBpOnbl B 1..\e/lOM .
 H. P. Ax.lteOo6 17

P111c. 1 . BepxHeOKCKiile
Q)ll16yflbl C «KHOnKOiil»
Tliln 1A 111 16. HoMepa
no Ta6nll1u,e-KaTanory:
1- 2 - MO~Io1HO , HaxOAKI-1
H.lll. 6ynbl'lOBa
(no A.K. AM6po3y);
3- M O~Io1HO ,
(no r.A. M accanlo1Tio1HOi1);
4 - Ory6cKoe, pacKOnKI-1
B .A. ropOAI..IOBa; 5 - Ce-
peHcK (no III.K. c:tlponosy)

~
1 2

5
18 H. P. Ax.Medo6

-~

12

PMc. 2 . BepxHeOKCKL-le 9 10
<)>1-16y11bl TL-lnOB 2A 1-1 26.
HoMepa no Ta6m11u,e-
KaTanory: /1- J;,.
6 - WaHbKOBO, KypraH 1 ;
7- WaHbKOBO, KYPraH 1;
8 - KaJKaKI1; 9 - COCHOB-
Ka- 2 ; 10 - Pb16HOBCKI1i:i
pai:ioH; 11 - WaTPH~eH-
v
CKI1i:i MOrl111bHI1K, n. 85;
12 - MOrl111bH11K YHAP11X,
~
llMa 33; 13 - WyMOWb;
14 - 3aKOnl1~eHCKI1i:i MO-
V/7
r11J1bHI1K, n. 3; 6-7 - no
A.K . AM6po3y; 8 - no 7 6
H.l-1 . 5yllbi'IOBY
 H. P. Ax ..lte oo6 19

18
16

17

15

PMc. 3 . BepxHeOKCKI-1e Q>1-16ynb1 Tl-1nos 2 6 . HoMepa no Ta6nl-1~e-KaTanory:

15- 16 - WaHbKOBo, K)lpr aH 3; 17 - WaHbKOso; 18 - nope%e; 15- 17- no A .K. AM6poJy; 18 - no
r.A. MaccammtHO~
20 H. P. Ax.ueoo6

0 3CM

19 20 21
P111c . 4 . BepxHeOKCKI-1e ¢1-16ynbl Tl-1nos 28. HoMepa no Ta6JJI-1l\e-KaTanory:
19- 20 - WaHbKOBO, KypraH 2 (no H.V1 . 5ynbl'iOBy); 21 - KynaKOBCKI-111 MOra.~nbHI-IK

Mo~Hubi
Ory6b

000 OlB
m lA lB lB p. OK.a 3
a
~~ 2A K

*
CepOHOK

2E~· OlB
0
e n
H
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B 2B a 0
0 K
n B
H K

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a
e
q
2B
b
e

0 lA- HaXO.D;KH QH!6yJI, KOJIH'leCTBO H THTI

P11c. 5. CxeMa pacnpeAeneHa-lfl HaXOAOK sepxHeOKCKIIIX ¢1-16yn c «KHOnKoi1» Ha naMfiTHI-1-

Kax BepxHero ., CpeAHero n ooYbfl
 H. P . Ax~teoo6 21

Y~mpHX

aMa 33

1
c c 10
c
2
c

~ 4 •
0
~~
\~

·~
0 12
7
0 6

3aKORHIU;e fl. 3
IllaTpHw;e n. 85

13

TITITI
KyJiaKOBCKHH
15

PMc. 6. HaxOAK~<~ ~<~3 pH3aHO-OKCK~<~x KOMnneKCOB c sepxHeOKCK~<~M~<~ <P~<~6ynaM~<~ c «KHOnKoi1»:

1-12 - MOr i-!IlbHI-IK YHAP~<~X, SIMa 33 ( n O A. H. rasp~<~IlOBy) ; 13 - 11306palKeH~<~Sl H3 KOHL\CIX 6paCJleTOB B
n. 85 WaTpl-llJ.IeHCKOrO MOri1IlbHI1K3; 14-15 - AeT3Jl11 nOSlCHOrO Ha6opa 113 KynaKOBCKOrO M Ori1IlbH11K3;
16- 18 - n. 3 33KOn~<~ll.leHCKOrO M0r~<~IlbHI1K3
22 H. P. Ax.ueooe

PMc . 7 . PH3aHo-oKc-
KIIIe <jJJA6ynbl - HaxO,Q-
KIII B pai'iOHax MOCKBO-
pe'lbSI, BepxHero no-
BOJl)KbSI, 6accei'iHa
p. Kl1S13bMbl:
1 - PaTbKOBCKIIIi1 MOrlllnb-
HIIIK (nO 8.111. 8111WHeBCKO-
My); 2 - XOTSilKIII 2 (no
A .B . AneKceeay); 3 - Op-
noa r opoAOK
(no A.IJ,. MaKCIIIMOBy) ;
4 - nonaAbiiiHCKoe
(no E. VI. roptaHoaoi1) ;
5 - BBeAeHCKOe
(no Vl.n. CTaHKeBIII~) ;
6 - Haxo.QKa Ha ceniiiLUe
Ha p . EniiiHKe; 7 - Mo-
JKai1CK; 8 - 51ponom-3a-
necCKIIIi1 (no n .A. Mlllxai1-
noaoi1); 9 - IJ.YAeHeso
(no E.VI. roptOHOBOi1)

4 5

6
 H . P. AxAtedo 6 23

ApeaJI KYJibTypbi pa3.HHO-OKCKHX MOI'HJibHHKOB

• Haxo~KH qm6yJI p a3.HHO-OKCKHX cepuii

PHC. 8 . HaxOAKI-1 PR33HO-OKCKI-IX KpeCTOBI-IAHbiX ¢ 1-16y11 B paii!OH3X M OCKBOpe'lbR, BepxHero

nosomKbR, 6acceii1Ha p. KnR3bMbl:
1 - En~HKa; 2 - Mo)l(ai1cK; 3 - XoTR)I(I-1 2 ; 4 - PaTbKOBCK"1i1 MOr"1nbH"1K; 5 - nonap.bi-1HCKoe; 6 -
BBeAeHCKOe; 7- Opnoa ropOAOK; 8 - AyAeHeeo; 9 - 5lponon'l (n1-1p0Bbl ropOAI-11111-1)
24 H. P. Ax.Meao6

2
1

3
4

PMc. 9 . <l>1116ynbl rpynnbl • KapTaBL(eeo- CepeHcK» 111 eaplllaHTa Tlllna «n para»:

1 - YHAPI-IX, n . 380; 2 - cny<~ai1Ha!1 HaXOAKa a pai1oHe Ko3enbcKa; 3 - KapTaaueao; 4 - CepeHCK.
1- 4 - 6pOH3a; 3 - no A.M . BOpOHUOBy, 4 - no lii.K. <t>ponoay
 H . P. AXMeooe 25

JluTe parypa H HCTOIJIIHI~H

AM6po3 A.K. ¢l1-16y11bl lOra E6ponea::icKoa::1 YaCTI-1 CCCP. CAlli, 1966. ,D,I- 30.
AxMeA06 lii.P. PSI3aHO·OKCKI-1e KpeCT061-1AHble cj>I-16Yflb1 II lllccneA06aHI-1SI n.,D,. CrenaHO-
ea 11 arHOKYflbTYPHble npoueccbl APe6HOCTI-1 ..., co6peMeHHOCTI-1. Marep1-1a11bl HayYHOa::i KOH-
cjlepeHUI-11-1. CapaHCK, 1999.
AxMeA06 lii.P. li1H6eHrapb MYlKCKI-1X penpe3eHTaTI-16HbiX norpe6eHI-1.::1 111 - V 66. H.3. (PSI-
3aHO·OKCKI-1e MOr l-111bHI-1KI-1) II 3THOKYI1bTYPHble I-13MeHeHI-1SI 6 l.J,eHrpaflbHOa::i Pocc1-11-1 6 pi-1MC-
KOe 11 ryHHCKOe 6peMSI. lilA PAH, 6 ne'laTI-1 1.
AxMeA06 lii.P. 0KCKI-1e KpeCT061-1AHble cj>1-16y11bl KaK 1-1HAI-1KaTOpb1 3THOKYI1bTYPHbiX npo-
4eCC06 6 LJ,eHrpanbHOa::i Pocc1-11-1 anox1-1 8eni-1Koro nepeceneHI-1SI HapOA06 II Marep1-1a11bl Yre-
HI1i.i naMSITI-1 A.M . MI-1KI1!=1e6a. r3. Cn 6 ., 6 neYar..., 2 .
AxMeA06 lii.P., 6enouepK06CKal'l 111.8. 8ell.le6ble KOMnfleKCbl MOfl-111bHI-1Ka 3ape'lbe-4 II
Apxeonori-1YeCKI-1e naMSITHI-1KI-1 OKcKoro 6acce.::1Ha. PS13aHb, 1996.
AxMeA06 VI.P. 6enouepK06CKaSI V1.8 . 0 Mecre cj>1-16yn 6 pS13aHO-OKCKI-1X MOrl-111bHI-1Kax. noc-
raHOBKa 60npoca II Apxeonori-1YeCKI-1e naMSITHI-1KI-1 CpeAHero noo'lb!=l. 8bln. 7 . PSI3aHb, 1998.
AxMeA06 VI.P. , Ka3aHCKI-1.::1 M .M. nocne ATI-11111bl . K1-1e6CKI-1.::1 K11M ..., ero KYilbTYPHO-I-1C-
ropw-lecKI-1.::1 KOHTeKCT II Ky11bfYpHble rpaHCcj>OpMaUI-11-1 1-1 63ai-1M06111-1SIHI-1!=1 6 ,lJ,Henp06CKOM
peri10He H8 I-1CXOAe PI-1MCKOrO 6peMeHI-1 1-1 6 paHHeM CpeAe6eK06be. ,lJ,OK11Mb1 H8Y'lHOa::i KOH-
cjlepeHUI-11-1, nOC61'1ll.leHHOa::i 60-JleTI-110 CO AHSI po)I(AeHI-1SI E.A. rop10H06a (CaHKT- n erep6ypr,
14- 17 HOS16pS1 2000 r.). cn6., 2004.
AxMeA06 VI .P., JlyHbK06 8 .10., JlyHbK06a 10.8 , PyMI'IHUe6a O.C. V1ccneA06aHI-1SI KOMn-
neKca apxeonori-1YeCKI-1X naMSITHI-1K06 y c. H1-1KI-1TI-1HO 6 2003 r. II Apxeonori-1YeCKI-1e OTKpbi-
THR 2003 fOAa . M ., 2004.
6enouepK06CKaSI V1 .8 . BepxHeOKCKI-1e aneMeHTbl 6 KYflbrype pS13aHo-oKCKI-1X MOrl-111bHI-1-
Koe II HayYHOe HacneAI-1e A.n. CMI-1PH06a..., co6peMeHHble npo6neMbl apxeonor1-11-1 Bonro-
KaMbSI. Marepl-1aflbl Hay'lHOa::i KOHcj>epeHUI-11-1. TPYAbl rocyAapCT6eHHoro li1CTOp1-1'leCKOro My-
3eR. Sbln. 122. M ., 2000.
6ynbl'l06 H.V1. )KypHafl pacKonoK no YaCTI-1 60Aopa3Aena 6epxHI-1X npi-1TOK06 Bonr1-1 ...,
AHenpa. M., 1899.
81-1wHe6CKI-1.::1 8 .111. ¢>1-1HHo-yropCKI-1.::1 paHHecpeAHe6eK06bla::i MOri-1IlbHI-1K Ha PaTbK06CKOM
ropOAI-1ll.le 6 6epx06bSIX p . ,D,y6Hbl 11 TAC, Bbln . 5. T6epb, 2002 .
8 o pOHU06 A.M . K 60npocy o n03AHea::1 Aare MOll.II-1HCKoa::1 KYflbTYPbl 11 Kyni-1K060 none.
li1CTOPI-1'leCKI-1.::1 naHAWacj>T. npl-1p0Aa. Apxeonori-1SI. li1CTOPI-1SI. T. 1. Tyna, 2003.
ra6pi-11106 A.H. Or Yer o6 apxeonor1-1YecK1-1x pa36eAKax Ha repp1-1rop1-11-1 PSI3aHcKoa::1 o6-
nacrl-1 (W1-11106CKI-1.::1, '-iyYK06CKI-1.::1 , nyrSITI-1HCKI-1.::1 p-Hbl) . 1983 r. 11 Apxl-16 lilA PAH P-1,
N"19716, 1983 r.
rasp1-1ryx1-1H V1 .0 . KOAbiHCKI-1e cj>1-16ynbl (rl-1nbl ..., HeKoropble npo6neMbl I-1Hrepnpera-
41111) II Vakaru baltu archeologija ir istorija [Apxeonor1-111 1-1 I-1CTOPI-1SI 3anaAHbiX 6amoe).
Klaipeda, 1989.
ropoxoeCKI-1.::1· E.Jl . XpoHonor1-11=1 10een1-1pHbiX 1-13Aenl-1i1 nepsolil nonOBI-1Hbl I TbiCSIYene-
THR H.3. necocrenHoro noAHenpo6bSI 1-1 IOlKHOro no6YlKbSI 11 PyKoni-1Cb AI-1Cceprau1-11-1 Ha co-
HCK8HI-1e y'leHOa::i CTeneHI-1 K8HA1-1A8T8 I-1CTOPI-1'leCKI-1X HayK. K1-1ee, 1988.
ropiOHOBa E.lll. 3THI-1'leCKaSI I-1CTOPI-1SI Bonro-OKCKOro Me)I(Aype'lbSI. MiliA. N!! 94. M., 1961.
KpaeYeHKO T.A. Warp1-1ll.leHCKI-1.::1 MOrl-111bHI-1K (n o pacKonKaM 1966- 1969 rr.) 11 Apxeo-
norl-111 PSI3aHcKo.::1 3eMI11-1 . M ., 1974.
Ka3aHCKI-1.::1 M .M. 0 6anrax 6 necHolil 30He Pocc1-11-1 6 anoxy Beni-1KOro nepeceneHI-11'1
H8POAOB II Apxeonorl-1'leCKI-1e BeCTI-1 NQ 6, c n 6., 1999.
KynaK06 B .V1 . Ko3eflbCKI-1.::1 MI-1Kpoperi-10H 6 I- VII 66. H.3. PaHHSISI M1-1rpau1-111 3anaAHbiX
6amoe II Slavia Antiqua. 2002. Tom XLIII.
JleoHTbee A. E. Apxeonor1-111 Mep1-1. K npeAbiCTOPI-11-1 Ce6epo-BocTO'lH0.::1 Pyc1-1. M ., 1996.
MaKCI-1MOB A.,D,. PacKOnKI-1 ropOAI-1ll.la Opnos ropOAOK 11 AO 1980. M ., 1981.
Maccan1-1r 1-1Ha r.A. )Kene3Hbla::i 6eK 11 Apxeonor1-111 KanYlKCKoa::i o6nacr1-1. Kanyr a, 1999.
M1-1xaa::ino6a Jl.A. ,lJ,bSIKoso ropOAI-1ll.le y cena n1-1p0sb1 ropOAI-1ll.ll-1 11 n po6neMbl l-13yYe-
HHR APeeHepyccKoa::i KYflbTYPbl (PacceneHI-1e ..., 3THOKYI1bTYPHble npoueccbl Ha Ce6epo- 8oc-
roKe Pyc1-1). M. , 1988.
06noMCbKI-1.::1 A.M . T1-1n1-1 noxosaHb Ha YepHI'IXi6CbKOMY MOrl-111bHI-1KY KoMnaHiiui (3THO-
Kyl1bfYpHa iHrepenperauil'l) II Apxeonor1-111 NQ 4 . K1-1e6, 1999.
06110MCKI-1a::i A. M . 38MSITI-1HCKI-1a::i apxeOI10rl-1'leCKI-1a::i KOMnfleKC- «nepeKpeCTOK 3THO-
Kyl1bfYpHb1X TPMI-1UI-1.::1• II Ocrpa1=1 JlyKa ,lJ,oHa. 3aMSITHI-1HCKI-1.::1 apxeonorl-1'-leCKI-1.::1 KOMnneKc
ryHHCKoro 6peMeHI-1 . PaHHecnae!=IHCKI-1.::1 Ml-1p. 8bln. 6 . M ., 2004 .