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KynbTypa 1.

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46
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uCAWE
International
symposium
KynbTypa 111 o6pa3oeaHIIIe

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50
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TYT 111CKYCCTB03HaHIIIS'I Y36eKcKoil! aKa,qeMIIIIII xy,qo- AAMaTbl : rbiJlbiM , 1998. - 216 C.
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neTep6ypra - Brii1K, rii1Tli1C, PrTY, TpeTbS'IKOBCKaS'I peHL.IIIIIII . AAMaTbl , 2-3 CeHTfl6ps:! 1998 r. C. 17-28.
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neTep6ypr cKII1Vi rocy,qapcTeeHHbiVI aKa,qeMII14ecKII1Vi JlOrll!ll! // Eepa3111VicKoe coo6l.lleCTBO. 2001. N22 .
IIIHCTIIITYT :>KIIIBOniiiCIII, Cf<YJlbnTYpbl 111 apXII!TeKTYPbl 4. HypnaHoea K. CII!MBOJlii!Ka Mll!pa e Tpa,qlll-
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CTBeHHas:~ aKa,qeMIIIS'I TeaTpanbHOrO IIICKYCCTBa. TII!Ka (n03HaHII!e Mll!pa Tpa,qll!l.IIIIOHHbiM Ka3axCKII!M
B Eepone .Mbl COTPYAH1114aeM c 3cToHCKOVi aKa,qe- II!CKYCCTBOM). - AAMaTbl : rbiJlbiM, 1993. - 264 C.
MIIIeVi II!Cf<YCCTB, r. TaJlJliiiHH; TeaTpaJlbHOVl WKOJlOVl 5. Xononoe IO.H . VI3MeHS'IIOL.lleecs:~ 111 Heii13-
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AKa,qeMIIIeV! IIICKYCCTB, r . P111M; AKa,qeMIIIeV! 1113S'Ill.I- MeHHOVi MY3b1Ke. - M.: Cos. KoMn03111TOp , 1982.
HbiX IIICKYCCTB, r. PaeeHHa; POTTep,qaMCKIIIM KIIIHO- c. 52-104.
cpeCTIIIBaJlbHbiM l.leHTPOM; ron,qCMIIIT KOJlJle,q:>+<eM 6. LfyMaKOB A.H. rno6anll13al.llllfl: KOHTYPbl
.noH,qoHcKoro yHII!Bepcii!TeTa. LleJlOCTHOro Mll!pa.- M.: npocneKT, 2005.- 430 c .

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