1.

Introduction
1.1 Purpose of the Document
The purpose of this document is to provide a comprehensive guide to the Online Car Rental System. It
serves as a reference for stakeholders, developers, and users to understand the system's architecture,
functionalities, and usage.
1.2 Scope of the System
The Online Car Rental System is designed to facilitate the online booking and management of vehicles.
It caters to customers looking to rent vehicles for various purposes. The system includes features for
customers to browse, select, and book vehicles, as well as tools for administrators and fleet managers
to manage the fleet efficiently.
1.3 Overview of the Online Car Rental System
The Online Car Rental System is a web-based platform that simplifies the process of renting vehicles. It
provides customers with a user-friendly interface to search for available vehicles, make reservations,
and manage their rental history. Administrators and fleet managers have access to dashboards and
tools to oversee the entire rental process, manage the fleet, and ensure efficient maintenance
scheduling.

2. System Architecture
2.1 High-Level Architecture
The Online Car Rental System follows a three-tier architecture, ensuring modularity and scalability.
2.1.1 Frontend
The frontend layer is responsible for the user interface and client-side interactions. It provides a
seamless experience for customers, administrators, and fleet managers.
2.1.2 Backend
The backend layer manages business logic, processes requests from the frontend, and interacts
with the database. It ensures the smooth flow of data and functionality.
2.1.3 Database
The database layer stores and retrieves data related to users, vehicles, bookings, and other
system entities. It plays a crucial role in maintaining the integrity of the information.
2.2 Technology Stack
2.2.1 Frontend Technologies
The frontend of the Online Car Rental System utilizes modern web technologies to create an
interactive and user-friendly interface.
HTML5, CSS3 for structure and styling
JavaScript for dynamic content
 React.js for building responsive UI components
Redux for state management
2.2.2 Backend Technologies
The backend is built using technologies that enable efficient processing of requests and
business logic.
Node.js as the server-side runtime environment
Express.js for building scalable and robust APIs
RESTful API architecture for seamless communication between frontend and backend
2.2.3 Database Management System
The database layer relies on a robust Database Management System (DBMS) to store and
retrieve data reliably.
MongoDB is chosen for its flexibility with unstructured data and scalability.
Mongoose serves as an Object Data Modeling (ODM) library for MongoDB, simplifying
interactions with the database.
2.3 User Roles and Permissions
The Online Car Rental System defines three distinct user roles, each with specific responsibilities.
2.3.1 Customer
Customers are end-users looking to rent vehicles for various purposes. They have the following
permissions:
User Registration and Login: Create accounts and log in securely.
Browsing and Searching for Vehicles: Search for available vehicles based on preferences.
Vehicle Booking: Reserve vehicles for specific dates and times.
Reservation Management: View and manage their reservation history.
2.3.2 Admin
Administrators have control over the entire system and manage user and vehicle-related
functionalities. Their permissions include:
Admin Dashboard: Access to a centralized dashboard for system oversight.
Fleet Management: Add, update, or remove vehicles from the fleet.
User Management: Manage user accounts and permissions.
Booking Management: Oversee and manage vehicle reservations.
2.3.3 Fleet Manager
 Fleet Managers are responsible for maintaining and managing the vehicle fleet. Their
permissions include:
Fleet Dashboard: Access to a dashboard displaying the status of the vehicle fleet.
Vehicle Management: Add, update, or remove vehicles and their details.
Maintenance Scheduling: Schedule and manage vehicle maintenance tasks.
This user role structure ensures that each type of user interacts with the system based on their
specific needs and responsibilities.
3.3 Features and Functionalities
3.1 Customer Features
3.1.1 User Registration and Login
Customers can create accounts and log in securely, providing a personalized experience.
3.1.2 Browsing and Searching for Vehicles
Customers have the ability to explore the available vehicle fleet based on their preferences, such
as vehicle type, model, and features.
3.1.3 Vehicle Booking
Customers can easily book vehicles by selecting specific dates and times. The system provides a
seamless booking process, ensuring a straightforward experience.
3.1.4 Reservation Management
Customers have access to a dashboard where they can manage their reservations. This includes
the ability to modify or cancel existing reservations.
3.1.5 View Rental History
Customers can view their rental history, providing a record of past reservations for reference and
planning.
3.2 Admin Features
3.2.1 Admin Dashboard
Administrators have access to a centralized dashboard that provides an overview of the system's
performance, including user and fleet statistics.
3.2.2 Fleet Management
Administrators can efficiently manage the vehicle fleet, including adding new vehicles, updating
existing vehicle details, and removing vehicles from the system.
3.2.3 User Management
Admins have the authority to manage user accounts and permissions. This includes adding new
users, modifying existing user details, and deactivating accounts if necessary.
3.2.4 Booking Management
 Administrators oversee and manage all vehicle reservations. This includes viewing, approving,
or rejecting booking requests, ensuring smooth operation of the rental process.
3.3 Fleet Manager Features
3.3.1 Fleet Dashboard
Fleet Managers have access to a dashboard that provides real-time insights into the status of the
vehicle fleet. This includes information on vehicle availability, maintenance status, and usage
statistics.
3.3.2 Vehicle Management
Fleet Managers can add new vehicles to the fleet, update vehicle details, and remove vehicles
from the system. This functionality ensures that the fleet is up-to-date and meets customer
demands.
3.3.3 Maintenance Scheduling
Fleet Managers can schedule and manage routine maintenance tasks for vehicles. This includes
setting maintenance intervals, tracking completed tasks, and ensuring that all vehicles are in
optimal condition.
These features and functionalities collectively contribute to an efficient, user-friendly, and well-managed Online
Car Rental System, providing a seamless experience for customers, administrators, and fleet managers.
4. System Workflow
4.1 Customer Workflow
User Registration/Login:
Customers register for an account or log in using existing credentials.
Browsing and Searching for Vehicles:
Customers explore the available vehicle options based on their preferences and requirements.
Vehicle Booking:
After selecting a vehicle, customers proceed to book by choosing specific dates and times for rental.
Reservation Management:
Customers can modify or cancel existing reservations through their user dashboard.
View Rental History:
Customers access their rental history to review past reservations.
4.2 Admin Workflow
Admin Dashboard:
Administrators log in to the admin dashboard for an overview of system statistics.
Fleet Management:
Admins manage the vehicle fleet by adding, updating, or removing vehicles as needed.
 User Management:
Administrators oversee and manage user accounts, handling user registrations and permissions.
Booking Management:
Admins review, approve, or reject booking requests, ensuring the smooth operation of the rental process.
4.3 Fleet Manager Workflow
Fleet Dashboard:
Fleet Managers access a dashboard providing real-time insights into the status of the vehicle fleet.
Vehicle Management:
Fleet Managers add new vehicles, update details, and remove vehicles from the system.
Maintenance Scheduling:
Fleet Managers schedule and manage routine maintenance tasks, ensuring optimal vehicle conditions.
5. Database Schema
5.1 Entity-Relationship Diagram
TBA
5.2 Tables and Relationships
Users Table: Contains information about system users.
Vehicles Table: Stores details about each vehicle in the fleet.
Reservations Table: Records customer bookings and reservation details.

6. Security
6.1 Authentication and Authorization
User authentication ensures secure access to the system.
Authorization mechanisms control user roles and permissions.
6.2 Data Encryption
Sensitive data, such as user information and transaction details, is encrypted during transmission and
storage.
6.3 Payment Security
Payment transactions are secured using industry-standard encryption protocols and secure payment
gateways.

7. System Integration
7.1 Third-party APIs
Integration with payment gateways for secure transactions.
Integration with mapping services (e.g., Google Maps) for location-based features.
7.2 External Systems
Integration with external systems (e.g., traffic information services) for enhanced functionality.
8. Deployment
8.1 Server Requirements
Specify server specifications including hardware, software, and network requirements.
8.2 Deployment Steps
Provide step-by-step instructions for deploying the system.
8.3 Environment Configuration
Outline configuration settings for different deployment environments.