Property of Arithmetic Mean

Property 1
The sum of deviations of items from the arithmetic mean is always Zero.
∑ ( X−X )=0
Or
If X is the arithmetic mean of n observations x 1 , x 2 , x 3 , . . x n ; then
(X 1 - X ) + (X 2 - X ) + (X 3 - X ) + ... + (x n - X ) = 0.
Property 2
The mean of n observations x1, x2, . . ., xn is X . If each observation is increased by p, the
mean of the new observations is ( X + p).
Or
If each of the values of the variable “X” is increased by some constant “C”, then arithmetic
mean also increase by the constant “C”
Property 3
The mean of n observations x1, x2, . . ., xn is X . If each observation is decreased by
p, the mean of the new observations is ( X - p).
Or
If each of the values of the variable “X” is increased by some constant “C”, then
arithmetic mean also decrease by the constant “C”
Property 4
The mean of n observations x1, x2, . . .,xn is X . If each observation is multiplied by a nonzero
number p, the mean of the new observations is p X .
Or
When the values of a variable “X” are multiplied by a constant say “K”, the arithmetic mean
is also multiplied by the same constant “K”
Property 5
The mean of n observations x1, x2, . . ., xn is X . If each observation is divided by a nonzero
number p, the mean of the new observations is ( X /p).
or
When the values of a variable “X” are divided by a constant say “d”, the arithmetic mean is
also divided by the same constant “d”
Property 6
The sum of squared deviations from the mean would be less than the sum of squared
deviations from any other value.
Or
The sum of the squares of the deviations of a set of values is minimum when taken about
mean.
Property 7

If and are the arithmetic mean of two samples of sizes n1 and n2 respectively
then, the arithmetic mean of the distribution combining the two can be calculated
as