UNIT 1 IDC Eng

1. Lyric: A type of poetry that expresses personal emotions and feelings, often in a short and musical
form.

2. Ode: A lyrical poem that typically praises or celebrates a person, event, or thing in a formal and
elevated manner.

3. Sonnet: A 14-line poem with a specific rhyme scheme, often used to explore themes of love and
beauty.

4. Novella: A shorter work of fiction, longer than a short story but shorter than a full-length novel.

5. Short Story: A brief work of fiction that typically focuses on a single character or event.

6. Plot: The sequence of events that make up a story, including the exposition, rising action, climax,
falling action, and resolution.

7. Setting: The time and place in which a story takes place, often contributing to the atmosphere and
mood.

8. Character: A person, animal, or entity in a story, often with distinct traits, motivations, and
development.

9. Stream of Consciousness: A narrative technique that presents a character's inner thoughts and
feelings as they occur in real time, often without a clear structure.

10. Allegory: A story, poem, or work of art that has a hidden or symbolic meaning, typically conveying
a moral or political message.

11. Personification: Giving human qualities or characteristics to non-human objects or animals.

12. Irony: A literary device where there is a contrast between what is expected and what actually
happens.
13. Simile: A figure of speech that compares two unlike things using "like" or "as."

14. Metaphor: A figure of speech that directly equates two unlike things for rhetorical effect.

15. Poetic Voice: The unique style and tone of a poet or speaker in a poem.

16. Alliteration: The repetition of initial consonant sounds in a series of words or phrases.

17. Assonance: The repetition of vowel sounds in nearby words or phrases.

18. Satire: A form of literature that uses humor, irony, or sarcasm to criticize or ridicule human flaws
or societal issues.

19. Dramatic Monologue: A type of poem or speech in which a character speaks to an audience,
revealing their inner thoughts and emotions.

20. Aphorism: A concise and often witty statement that expresses a general truth or observation.

21. Anecdote: A short and often amusing or interesting personal story or incident.

22. Hyperbole: Exaggerated language or statements used for emphasis or effect.

23. Onomatopoeia: Words that imitate the sound they describe, such as "buzz" or "bang."

24. Elegy: A poem or song that mourns the loss of someone or something.

25. Protagonist: The main character in a story, typically facing the central conflict.

26. Antithesis: A rhetorical device that presents contrasting ideas in parallel structures.

27. Parody: A humorous imitation of a work of literature, art, or music, often for comedic effect.
28. Soliloquy: A monologue in a play where a character speaks their thoughts aloud, typically
revealing inner conflicts.

29. Stanza: A division of a poem, similar to a paragraph in prose.

30. Catharsis: An emotional release or purging of emotions experienced by the audience when
watching or reading a tragedy.

31. Synecdoche: A figure of speech where a part of something is used to represent the whole or vice
versa, e.g., "all hands on deck" represents all the sailors on a ship.