Cara mendapatkan nilai VLE

1. Eksperiment
2. Prediksi atau peramalan
 Hukum Raoult

 Pers. Hukum Raoult:

yi P = xi Pisat

Fase uap Fase liquid

Dimana xi = mol fraksi fase liquid

yi = mol fraksi fase uap
Pisat = tekanan uap komp murni i pada suhu sistem.
 Dua asumsi yang digunakan pada perhitungan VLE menggunkan hk Raoult:
- Fase uap dianggap sebagai gas ideal
- Fase liquid dianggap sebagai larutan ideal

 Asumsi pertama  Hk Raoult berlaku untuk sistem tekanan rendah – sedang

 Asumsi kedua apabila campuran memiliki susunan kimia yg similar
Pers. Antoine
 Perhitungan Dewpoint and Bubblepoint

Didalam VLE, perhitungan bubble & Dew point di klasifikasikan menjadi 4

BUBL P : Calculate {yi} and P , given {xi} and T

DEW P : Calculate {xi} and P , given {yi} and T
BUBL T : Calculate {yi} and T , given {xi} and P
DEW T : Calculate {xi} and T , given {yi} and P
,
Because
y i i 1

P   xi Pi sat
i

For binary system with x2 = 1 – x1,


P  P2sat  P1sat  P2sat x1 
 Dewpoint and Bubblepoint calculations

and a plot of P vs x1 at constant temperature is a straight line connecting P2sat at

x1 = 0 with P1sat at x1 = 1.

With x i i  1, the equation yields:

1
P
y
i
i Pi sat

An equation applied in dewpoint calculations, where liquid-phase

composition are not known.
 Dewpoint and Bubblepoint calculations

Example 10.1
Binary system acetonitrile(1 )/nitromethane(2) conforms closely to Raoult’s law. Vapor
pressures for the pure species are given by the following Antoine equations:

2,945 .47
ln P1sat kPa  14.2724 
t  C  224.00
2,972.64
ln P2sat kPa  14.2043 
t  C  209.00

(a) Prepare a graph showing P vs. x1 and P vs. y1 for a temperature of 75 oC.

(b) Prepare a graph showing t vs. x1 and t vs. y1 for a pressure of 70 kPa.