FACULTY OF ENGINEERING

OIL AND GAS ENGINEERING PROGRAMME (UH6524002)

KG42302 GAS ENGINEERING

SEMESTER 1 2022/2023

SUBMISSION DATE: 9 NOVEMBER 2023

LECTURER

: PROF. IR. DR. ZAINAL BIN ZAKARIA

PREPARED BY:

Name Matric No.

Nursyakilah Binti Amir Hamzah BK21110008
Question 1

From the following isochronal test data, determine deliverability equation and absolute open
flow capacity by using Rawlin-Schellhardt and Houpeurt methods.

Table 1: Isochronal Test Data

The isochronal test data for a specific well with hourly flow periods are shown above. The
analysis of isochronal test data is demonstrated using the Houpeurt approach with
pseudopressures and the Rawlins and Schellhardt approach using pressures. The
plotting data for the two methods are shown in Table 2 below.

Table 2: Plotting Data

The values obtained are based on the following calculations:

∆P2 of period 1: ∆Pseudopressure/q of period 1:

= 17982 - 17682 =
284,360,000−275,660,000
1800
= 106, 890 psia2 = 4833 psia2 /cp/MSCF/D
∆P2 of period 2: ∆Pseudopressure/q of period 2:
284,360,000−269,630,000
= 17982 - 17472 = 3000
= 180, 795 psia2 = 4910 psia2 /cp/MSCF/D
∆P2 of period 3: ∆Pseudopressure/q of period 3:
= 17982 - 16822 =
284,360,000−251,270,000
6200
= 403, 680 psia2
= 5337 psia2 /cp/MSCF/D
∆P2 of stabilized period: ∆Pseudopressure/q of period 4:
284,360,000−228,830,000
= 17982 - 16002 = 6300
= 672, 804 psia2 = 8814 psia2 /cp/MSCF/D

1. Rawlins and Schellhardt Method

Figure 1 below shows the logarithmic plot of the pressure data for the Rawlins and
Schellhardt analysis.

Figure 1: Graph of Log ∆P2 vs Log q

From the graph,

1 log 403680 −log (106980)

Slope, n
= log 6200 −log (1800)

= 1.07
 1
Deliverability exponent, n = slope

1
= 1.07

= 0.93

The slope through the transient points is extended to the stabilized flow point to depict the
deliverability curve.

Figure 2: Extended graph of Log ∆P2 vs Log q

The flow coefficient, C, is calculated from the stabilized flow point,

Rearranging the pressure squared term deliverability equation:

� = �(�2� − �2�� )�

�
�=
(�2� − �2�� )�

6300
�=
(672804)0.93

����/�
= 0.0240
����2
Hence, the deliverability equation:

� = 0.0240(�2� − �2�� )0.93

Then, AOFP of the well can be calculated as:

���� = 0.0240(17982 − 02 )0.93

= 27,172 MSCF/D

2. Houpeurt Method

Figure 3 below shows the logarithmic plot of the pressure data for the Houpeurt analysis.

Figure 3: Graph of ∆Pseudopressure/q vs q

After drawing the best-fit line, the graph below is obtained:

Figure 4: Graph of best-fit line of ∆Pseudopressure/q vs q

From the best-fit line, slope can be calculated,

5337−4815
Slope, b = 6200−1800

= 0.1186

Rearranging the deliverability equation,

�2� − �2�� = aq + �2

284,360,000−228,830,000
= 6300
− 0.1186 6300

= 8067

Hence, the deliverability equation:

�2� − �2�� = 8067q + 0.11862

For AOF, we can write,

−8067 + 80672 + 4(0.1186)(284,360,000 − 0)

���� =
2(0.1186)

= 25,608 MSCF/D
 Question 2

Table 3: Initial flow after flow test data

 Reservoir pressure = 5000 psia (Pseudo pressure = 1.36X109 psia2/cp)

 Reservoir temperature = 220 deg.F
 Gas viscosity = 0.7

Generate IPR curve using Houpeurt pseudo pressure approach.

Houpeurt Method

The plotting data for the method is shown in Table 4 below.

Table 4: Plotting Data

The values obtained are based on the following calculations:

∆Pseudopressure/q of period 1:
13.6�108 −12.2�108
= 4900

= 28 571 psia2 /cp/MSCF/D

∆Pseudopressure/q of period 2:
13.6�108 −9.91�108
= 11250
 = 32 800 psia2 /cp/MSCF/D
∆Pseudopressure/q of period 3:
13.6�108 −8.52�108
= 14040

= 36 182 psia2 /cp/MSCF/D

∆Pseudopressure/q of period 4:
13.6�108 −7.02�108
= 16600

= 39 639 psia2 /cp/MSCF/D

Figure below shows the logarithmic plot of the pressure data for the Houpeurt analysis.

Figure 5: Graph of ∆Pseudopressure/q vs q

From the best-fit line, slope can be calculated,

36182−27732
Slope, b = 14040−4900

= 0.9245

Rearranging the deliverability equation,

�2� − �2�� = aq + �2
 13.6�108 −7.02�108
= 16600
− 0.9245 16600

= 24 292

Hence, the deliverability equation:

�2� − �2�� = 24 292q + 0.92452

For AOF, we can write,

−24 292 + 24 2922 + 4(0.9245)(13.6�108 − 0)

���� =
2(0.9245)

= 27,404 MSCF/D

By taking various Pwf values, the corresponding q (gas flow rates) can be plotted.

Figure 6: Graph of IPR curve