SMK AMINUDDIN BAKI

KUALA LUMPUR

Heart Disease

GROUP NAME:
NETHRA ESWARE A/P KAMALANATHAN
NIYAZ AUNI BINTI SUBANDI
NURQASEH
HARRIS
CLASS: 3 KAMIL
TEACHER NAME: MR. MOK
Contents

No. Contents

1.
Appreciations

2.
Problem statement

3.
Aim of research

4.
Metheology of research

5.
Results of research

Discussion of research
8.1 Types of heart disease
8.2 Statistics related to heart diseases in Malaysia
6. 8.3 Causes of heart diseases
8.4 Ways to prevent heart diseases
8.5 Contribution of school to reduce heart diseases among
schools
8.6 Other related matters

7.
Conclusion

8. Strengths, weaknesses of suggestions when carrying out the

project

9.
Appendix

10.
References

11.
Questionaire
Appreciation

I would like to express a million thanks to my Science

subject teacher Mr. Mok for trusting me to carry out
this course work and has provided a lot of guidance
and advice throughout the study This is carried out. I
would also like to thank my parents for giving me
support and encouragement to complete this course
work. Not forgetting my friends who have helped me a
lot to further strengthen the results of my study.
Finally, I would like to thank the external parties who
have given good responses throughout the course of
this study.
Problem Statement
Since 2005, heart disease remains as one of the main
causes of death among Malaysians. This problem is
closely related to their dietary habits and lifestyle.

Aim of research

To study the relationship between dietary habits and

lifestyle with health of the heart among the locals.
Methodology of Research

No. Date Activity

Assignment of PBL proect

1 1/8/23
Briefing of assignment Mr Mok

Discussion and distribution of tasks

between group members
2. 4/9/23 Beginning of assignment production
Distribution of online google form
questionaire

12/9/23 Collection of responses and recording

3.
of results

Finalization of assignments (softcopy)

4. 20/9/23
Submission of assignments (hardcopy)
RESULTS OF RESEARCH
 DISCUSSION OF RESEARCH
Types of heart disease

Coronary heart disease.

The most common heart condition

in Scotland is coronary heart
disease. This is caused when the
heart’s blood vessels - the
coronary arteries - become
narrowed or blocked and can’t
supply enough blood to the heart.

Heart attack
A heart attack also known as
myocardial infarction or MI happens
when the blood supply to part of your
heart muscle becomes completely
blocked. This is most commonly
caused by a piece of fatty material
breaking off and a blood clot forms
within a coronary artery. This can
cause damage to the part of your heart
muscle which that particular coronary
artery was supplying.

Heart failure
If the heart’s pumping action can’t
work effectively, your heart muscle
can’t meet your body’s demand for
blood and oxygen, and your body
develops various different
symptoms, like fatigue and
shortness of breath. This is called
heart failure because of the failure
of your heart to work efficiently.
Inherited heart conditions

Inherited conditions can be passed on through

families. They are sometimes called familial or
genetic heart conditions.

They can affect people of any age and can be life-

threatening. The first sign there’s a problem is
often when someone dies suddenly with no
obvious cause.

These conditions are different from most

congenital heart conditions, although some
congenital conditions can also be inherited.

High blood pressure Another condition which can

affect the heart is high blood
pressure or hypertension.
Although it’s not a disease in itself,
hypertension can lead to an
increased risk of developing
serious conditions such as
coronary heart disease, heart
attacks and strokes.

Congenital heart conditions

Congenital heart conditions occur when

there’s an abnormality or defect with
the structure of the heart of a
developing foetus while inside the
mother’s womb. A baby may be born
with only one defect or with several
defects. Some types of congenital heart
defects are life-threatening, either
immediately to the newborn or over
time.
Causes of heart disease

Several health conditions, your lifestyle, and

your age and family history can increase your
risk for heart disease.

High Blood Pressure and High

Smoking
Cholesterol

High blood pressure is a leading cause of Smoking is a major cause of heart

heart disease and stroke because it
damages the lining of the arteries, making
them more susceptible to the buildup of
plaque, which narrows the arteries leading
to the heart and brain. About 116 million US
adults (nearly 1 in 2) have high blood
pressure, defined as 130/80 mm Hg or
higher. Only about 1 in 4 of these people
have their high blood pressure under
control. About 7 in 10 people who have a
first heart attack and 8 in 10 people who
have a first stroke have high blood pressure.
disease and stroke and causes 1 in
every 4 deaths from these
conditions. Smoking can damage the
body several ways by:
Making blood sticky and more
likely to clot, which can block
blood flow to the heart and
brain.
Damaging cells that line the
blood vessels.
Causing thickening and
narrowing of blood vessels.
Obesity, Unhealthy Diet, and
Diabetes
Physical Inactivity

Adults with diabetes are twice as

Compared to those at a normal
likely to have heart disease or a
weight, people with overweight or
stroke as people who do not have
obesity are at increased risk of heart
diabetes. Over time, high blood
disease and stroke and their risk
sugar from diabetes can damage
factors, including high blood
blood vessels in the heart and block
pressure, high LDL cholesterol, low
blood vessels leading to the brain,
HDL cholesterol, high triglycerides,
causing a stroke. More than 2 in 3
and type 2 diabetes. In the United
people with diabetes have high
States, nearly 74% of adults have
blood pressure. Diabetes also raises
overweight or obesity.
triglycerides and LDL cholesterol.

Genetics

People who have direct family

members that have had heart disease
are at higher risk of developing it
themselves
Ways to prevent heart disease

1) Take Charge of Your Medical

Conditions
If you have high cholesterol,
high blood pressure, or
diabetes, you can take steps to
lower your risk for heart disease.

2) Choose Healthy Habits

You can choose healthy habits to
help prevent heart disease.
Physical activity can help you
maintain a healthy weight and lower
your blood pressure, blood
cholesterol, and blood sugar levels.

3) Don’t smoke
Cigarette smoking greatly increases
your risk for heart disease. If you
don’t smoke, don’t start. If you do
smoke, quitting will lower your risk
for heart disease. Your doctor can
suggest ways to help you quit.
 OTHER RELATED MATTERS
Statistics related to heart disease in Malaysia

According to the Department of Statistics Malaysia, Ischemic heart disease

continued to be the leading cause of mortality, accounting for 17.0% of the
109,155 deaths that were medically verified in 2020 (Statistics, 2021).

Heart attack, cancer and stroke are considered the top 3 most common critical
illnesses prevalent in the general population, and these 3 account for 85% of the
critical illness claims.

The Malaysian Ministry of Health Report showed CVD remained the leading cause
of death from the 1980s until today [6,7]. In 2019, 15.0% of 109,164 medically
certified deaths were caused by coronary artery disease (CAD), and this is 2.5
times more than all cancer-related death combined
Contribution to the school in order to
reduce the heart disease among students

do a campaign
- to spread more about heart disease among
students
- students can learn how to prevent heart
disease
create a poster
- spread info about the heart and how to make
a poster and paste it in the info corner
have a program about heart disease
- talk with expert doctor
- learn how to take care of our heart
- learn more knowledge about heart
Conclusion
Heart attacks and heart failure are both types of heart
disease, but are different conditions.
Heart attacks are when there is a loss of blood supply to
the heart, while heart failure is when the heart is unable
to pump blood around the body efficiently.
Although heart attacks and heart failure both affect the
heart’s ability to pump blood around the body, the
conditions are different.
While both conditions have different causes, people can
try to reduce their chances of heart disease by trying to
follow a healthy lifestyle with a varied diet, regular
exercise, and minimum stress
we should take care of our hearts for longer use. we also
have to take care of our hearts so that we can move
actively without worrying about heart disease. we have to
take care of our diet, take care of our bodies so that our
hearts are not affected
A team of people may help you through cardiac rehab,
including your health care team, exercise and nutrition
specialists, physical therapists, and counselors or mental
health professionals.
Strengths , weaknesses of suggestions when carrying
out the project

Strengths
members could collaborate
to finish the works given
members could interact with
each other to find the article
members are able to find the
info about heart disease

Weakness
Internet doesn’t have
accurate info regarding
heart disease and
statistics.

Suggestion
We like to have a survey in
a large scale to obtain
perspective of everyone
regarding this issue.
Appendix
Reference
https://www.hmetro.com.my/WM/2021/10/762284/serang
an-jantung-pada-usia-
muda#amp_tf=From%20%251%24s&aoh=16948369679293
&referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com&ampshare=h
ttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.hmetro.com.my%2FWM%2F2021%2F
10%2F762284%2Fserangan-jantung-pada-usia-muda
https://www.cvskl.com/heart-disease-in-
malaysia/#:~:text=According%20to%20the%20Departmen
t%20of,2020%20(Statistics%2C%202021)
https://www.fwd.com.my/blog/3-most-common-critical-
illnesses-in-
malaysia/#:~:text=What%20are%20the%20top%203,of%20
the%20critical%20illness%20claims
https://gleneagles.com.my/kota-kinabalu/articles/beware-
of-cardiovascular-
diseases!#:~:text=Beware%20of%20Cardiovascular%20Dis
eases!,-
Gleneagles%20Hospital%20Kuala&text=Cardiovascular%2
0diseases%20(CVD)%20are%20a,one%20cause%20of%20
death%20worldwide
https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-
conditions/heart-and-blood-vessels/conditions/common-
heart-conditions
Reference
https://www.webmd.com/heart-disease/heart-disease-
types-causes-symptoms
https://www.sinardaily.my/article/183087/lifestyle/health/
coronary-heart-disease-it-can-happen-at-any-age
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/heart-
disease/in-depth/heart-disease-prevention/art-20046502
https://www.creative-biolabs.com/complement-
therapeutics/cardiovascular-disease.htm?
msclkid=442dd83814ec103dd60abd32f2690349&utm_sou
rce=bing&utm_medium=cpc&utm_campaign=CT-Service-
Dynamic&utm_term=complement-
therapeutics&utm_content=URL%20contains%20complem
ent%20therapeutics
Questionaire