Course Outlines

Lecture 6

6.1 System Analysis and Design

6.2 Object Oriented Analysis and Design

6.3 Data Flow Diagram

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6.2 Object Oriented Analysis and Design

What is Object Oriented Analysis and Design?

Based on objects rather than data or processes

a structure encapsulating attributes and behaviors of

Object
a real-world entity

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6.2 Object Oriented Analysis and Design

Object a logical grouping of objects sharing the same

Class attributes and behaviors

Inherit hierarchical arrangement of classes enable subclasses to

ance inherit properties of super classes

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6.2 Object Oriented Analysis and Design

What is Object Oriented Analysis and Design?

❖It focuses on objects where system is broken down in

terms of the objects that exist within it.

❖Functions (behaviour) and data (state) relating to a

single object are self-contained or encapsulated in one
place.

❖Objects are entities in a software system which represent

instances of real-world and system entities.

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6.2 Object Oriented Analysis and Design

Analysis Phase
Structuring requirements (Use cases)
Conceptual data modeling (Class diagram)
Object relationship modeling
➢ Class diagram → ER diagram
Analysis classes
▪ Class stereotypes
▪ Sequence diagram
▪ Communication diagram
▪ Activity diagram
▪ State machine diagram

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6.2 Object Oriented Analysis and Design

Design Phase

Physical DB design
Design elements
➢ Design classes
➢ Design components
➢ Design system Architecture
GUI design

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6.2 Object Oriented Analysis and Design

Object Oriented Analysis and Design Method

1 Class Diagram

2 Object Diagram

3 Use Case Diagram

4 Sequence Diagram

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6.2 Object Oriented Analysis and Design

5 Collaboration Diagram

6 State Machine Diagram

7 Activity Diagram

8 Component Diagram

9 Deployment Diagram

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6.2 Object Oriented Analysis and Design

Object Oriented Analysis and Design (OOAD) by UML

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6.2 Object Oriented Analysis and Design

Key Differences Between Structured and Object-

Oriented Analysis and Design

Structured Object-Oriented
Methodology SDLC/waterfall Iterative/Incremental

Focus Process Objects

Risk High Low

Reuse Low High

Suitable for Well-defined projects with Risky large projects

stable user requirements with changing user
requirements

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Comparison of Structured and Object-Oriented Analysis
and Design
Structured Object Oriented
Systems decomposed into functions; Systems decomposed into
functions and data modelled separately collections of data objects;
function + data in one place
System components are more System components more
dependent on each other independent
Inheritance and polymorphism not Inheritance and polymorphism
possible => limited reuse possible. are possible => reuse, extension,
and tailoring of software/designs is
possible.
System components do not map Closely mirrors how humans
closely to real-world entities => decompose and solve complex.
difficult to manage complexity.

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