ANSWERS FOR THEORY 2

1. To prevent mosquitoes breeding in your aquarium, you can put ….

a. A teaspoon of salt per liter water
b. A drop of concentrated detergent per liter water
c. A glass of sand in 5 liter water
d. A teaspoon of sugar per liter water
e. A teaspoon of oil per liter water.
(score: 1)

Answer : b. or e.

2. Mr. Sony is a scientist. He noticed that bacteria are growing on a plate of

Agar. Bacteria did not grow near a mold that appears on the same plate. He
wrote in his laboratory report: "The mold may produce a substance that kills
bacteria." This statement is best described as

A. an observation

B. a hypothesis

C. a generalization

D. a conclusion

E. an assumption

(score: 1)

Answer : d

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3. Mr. Jury, whose mass is 60 kg, ate too much food so that he gained an
excess of 2000 calories (1 calorie = 4.2 joule). To reduce this excess of
energy he should walk up stairs. For each 1 meter of stair he climbs up, he
releases energy (in joule) equals to 10 times of his body mass. Calculate the
height he must climb to reduce the excess of energy. (score: 1)

a. 8m

b. 10 m

c. 12 m

d. 14 m

e. 16 m

Answer :

1 cal. = 4.2 J

2000 cal. = 8400 J

Work done after walk to the elevation h is W = m.g.h

h = W/m.g = 8400 J/ 60 kg.10 m/s2 = 14 m (d)

4. A shrimp is not an insect because it has more than six legs. However it
belongs to the same group (arthropod) with insects because
a) it has a skin made of chitin-like insects
b) it has an antennae
c) it has jointed appendage
d) it is an oviparous

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e) it is a carnivore
(score: 1)

Answer : c. it has jointed appendage

5. Choose the correct answers. Which of the following methods are artificial
vegetative reproduction for plants (the answer could be more than one)

a. Tissue culture using leaf disc

b. Propagation from corm

c. Propagation using stem cutting

d. Planting using seed

e. Crossing different varieties of plants

(score: 1)

Answer : A and C (0.5 for each; zero if one answer is wrong)

6. Which of the following processes can be considered as diffusion (the

answer could be more than one):

a) The smell of frying eggs during breakfast

b) Sand pouring to the ground from a moving truck

c) Water entering your ear during swimming

d) Dropping blue tint in a glass of water

e) A snoring person in the middle of the night

(score: 1)

Answer : a and d (0.5 for each; zero if one answer is wrong)

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7. Why does the Sun appear smaller at noon than its appearance at sunset
or sunrise?

(score: 2)

Answer: at noon, the sunlight travels through minimum length of atmosphere

therefore refraction is also minimum. Hence, apparent image of sun is very
farther to the eye. Thus it appears smaller.

8. One night in a stadium exposed with red light. A football team P wears
white shirts and black shorts is playing against team Q, which wears red
shirts and green shorts. Both teams appear to have the same color of
uniform. Explain why.

(score: 2)

Answer:

white + red => red

Black + red => black

Red + red => red

Green + red => black

(each 0.5)

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9.The diagram below shows a mercury-in-glass laboratory thermometer. The
distance between 0 oC and 70 oC is 35 cm. Calculate the temperature when
the mercury is 42 cm long.

35 cm

00 C 700 C
42 cm

(score: 2)

Answer : (6/5) X 70 = 84 oC

(write the correct formula & wrong answer, score 1; without formula & correct
answer, score 2)

10. An alternative way to protect the Earth from global warming is to launch a
reflector into outer space. Explain how this works. (score: 1)

Answer: sunlight will be reflected and will not reach our earth. It will decrease
earth’s temperature.

11. Consider a system of two balls of unequal masses and connected by a

light rigid rod. A force is applied at the center of mass (CM). The system
moves in the direction of the force without rotating.

a) When the force is applied between the less massive ball and the center of
mass, what will occur to the movement of the system? (score: 1)

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b) When the force is applied between the more massive particle and the
center of mass, what will occur to the movement of the system? (score: 1)

Answer :

The system moves and rotates clockwise when a force is applied between
the less massive particle and the center of mass.

b) The system moves and rotates counterclockwise when a force is applied

between the more massive particle and the center of mass.

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12. Temperature is one of abiotic factors that affect metabolism of living
organism, such as the rate of respiration. If we add some ice into an
aquarium, how the rate of fish respiration is affected? (score: 1)

Answer : Change to become slower (score 1) because cold water contains

more oxygen than warm water

13.The water supply for a city is often provided from a reservoir built on high
grounds. Water flows from the reservoir, through pipes, into your house
when you turn on the tap of your faucet. Why does the water flow out of the
faucet in the first floor more rapidly than in the upper floors of an apartment?

(score: 1.5)

Answer: because first floor has higher water pressure than the upper floors /
(the same meaning)

14. The diagram below shows a lightbulb, a battery, and a switch connected
by conductive wires.

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The bulb will light if the switch is …… (choose the correct answer)

a. Close

b. Open

Explain your answers.

(score: 1.5)

Answer : Opened because the current flows through bulb

15. Why the amalgam used in dental fillings should have the same
expansion as the teeth? What would occur if their expansions were
mismatched?

(score: 2)

Answer: To mach the expansion. To avoid teeth from breakage.

16. From the following list, circle examples of chemical reaction. (the answer
could be more than one)
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(score: 1)

Answer : d and e (one correct, 0.5; one answer wrong/ choose all, zero)

17. The following table shows the amount of ammonium chloride dissolved in
100 grams of water at different water temperatures.

Water temperature Maximum mass of ammonium chloride

(C) dissolved in 100 grams of water (g)

0 30

10 33

30 42

35 44

60 56

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 100 76

a) Draw a graph on your answer sheet that relates the temperature and the
maximum mass of ammonium chloride dissolved in the water using the
provided chart. (score: 2)

b) What is the maximum mass of ammonium chloride that can be dissolved

in 100 grams of water at temperature of 80 oC? (score: 1)

Answer:

a. If student only give correct points, without lines (+0.5)

Straight line/ linear graph (ordinate right), (+ 0.5)

Scale (+1)

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b. around 66 ± 2 C (score 1)

18. Mention five differences between a human being and a robot.

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 No. Human being Robot

(score: 0.5 for each correct answer)

Answer :

No. Aspect Human ASHIMO

being

1 Reproduction Yes NO

2 Excretion Yes NO

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 3 Growth Yes NO

4 Respiration Yes NO

5 Creativity Yes NO

6 Metabolism Yes NO

19. Look at the following food web

a) What will most likely happen if density of the grass decreases?

……… (score: 0.5)

b) Which animals are omnivores?

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……. (score: 0.5)

a)

Key Score

Rabbit will eat berry 0.25

Rabbit/bird population 0.25

will decrease, or
higher degree

Total score 0.5

b) Bird and civet/skunk (score 0.5)

The same rules as before

20. Which layer of the soil in the diagram below contains the highest organic
material? Explain your answer.

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Gambar !!!!!

(score: 2)

Answer: Layer A (score 1) because it is originated from decomposition of

leaves, woods, tree branches, microorgranisms, etc. (score +1)

21. a. What is the role of an airbag placed where a falling object is expected
to land? (Score 1 )

b. How can an airbag prevent injury to someone who jumps from a

height?

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(score: 1)

Answer:

a. To make the landing safe. (score: 1)

b. It reduces the velocity smoothly. (score: 1)

or similar meaning

22. Tarzan swings from tree to tree on a vine. At which point in his swing is
the vine most likely to break, and why?

C A

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(score: 2)

Answer: B (score 1), because at B the vine will support the weight of Tarzan
and swing force (centripetal force).(score +1),

Or gravitational force is maximum at B or the speed at B is the highest.

23. A TV remote control uses an LED, which is a device that emits light when
an electric current is passed. When we operate the remote control we cannot
see the light. Explain why.

(score: 2)

Answer: The LED transmits an infrared light (score 1) that invisible for
human eyes. (score +1) or the student use frequency.

24. Cynthia has seven e-books each with the size of 600 MB. How many
CDs or DVDs does she need in order to store her e-books (to open the book
directly from the CD or DVD without copying it into your computer)? The
capacity of one CD is 700 MB and the capacity of one DVD is 4.7 GB (1 GB
= 1024 MB).

(score: 1)

Answer: She needs seven CDs, each stores one e-Book, or

She needs only one DVD to store all e-Books, because the capacity of one
DVD is larger than the total capacity of seven e-Books. (score 1)

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25. An observer had counted the population size of two different animals for
every 25 years. You can see the record data from the picture below

a. What is the relationship between animal A and B: competition or

predation? (score:1)
b. Look at the picture, Animal A has fur which color is the same as its
surrounding, what is the advantage of this condition for animal A?
(score:1)
c. During the period of 1950 to 1975, the population size of animal A
decreases although the population size of animal B relatively constant.
Give reasonable explanation to that phenomena. (score:1)

Answer:
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a. Predation.
b. Hide from predator. (or the similar meaning)
c. Influenced by biotic and abiotic factors, e.g. food, temperature, etc. (all
factor)

26. Looks at the picture below.

Grey whales have been known to have the longest migration route compared
to any other mammals. They travel 10 000 - 12 000 miles round trip every
year between their winter calving lagoons in the warm waters of Mexico and
their summer feeding grounds in the cold Arctic Ocean. Many factors may
act as environmental clues to help grey whales navigate along a migration
route. Write down at least two factors that may act as environmental clues
for grey whales?
(score: 2)

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Answer: orientation and topography of the ocean floor, or temperature, food
source, ice coverage.

27. The table below shows some facts of food. Give a check list mark () to
the columns to indicate whether the fact is true or false.

Food facts True False

1. If you eat the appropriate foods, you don’t need to

exercise.
2. You need to drink more water on a hot day than on a

cold day.
3. If it tastes delicious, it must be good for your health. 
4. Potatoes and rice give you energy. 
5. Vinegar is a good source of vitamin C. 
(score: 0.5 for each correct answer)

28. Fill the blanks in the following sentences with correct answer.

Leaves contain a green pigment called (1) ___chlorophyl__.The pigment

capture (2)__light__ so that the plant can make
(3)__carbohydrate/glucose__. In that process the leaves absorb a gas called
(4)__carbon dioxide___. The roots take in (5)___water__ and other
substances from the soil. This whole process of making food is called

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(6)_photosynthesis__ While this is happening, the leaves release a gas
called (7)_oxygen__

(Score : 0.5 for each correct answer)

29. The picture below shows feeding activity of a mammal. Fill the column
with the number so we can see the correct feeding sequence. Give
explanations for that process.

4
1

Name of the process No Explanation

Absorption 3 Nutritions are absorbed by parts of
body
Ingestion 1 Take in food
Elimination 4 Dispose waste product
Digestion 2 Break down big material into small
material

(Score : 0.5 for each correct answer)

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30. A parachutist jumps from an aircraft and falls through the air. After some
time, the parachute opens. The diagram shows how the speed of the
parachutist varies with time.

E F

a) Describe the motion of the parachutist between A–C; C-D; D-E; E-F.
(score:1)

Answer:

b) State the value of the terminal velocity before and after the parachute
opens.

Before parachute opens, terminal velocity = ________________________

(score:1)

After parachute opens, terminal velocity = _________________________

(score:1)

c) Calculate the average value of the acceleration between A and D;

D and F.

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(score:1)

a) A-C: gravitational free fall, acceleration maximum

C-D: friction force increases causes decreasing in acceleration

D-E: sudden decreasing velocity due to opening parachute

E-F: terminal velocity after parachute opened.

(Each 0.25)

b) Before: 50 m/s (score 1)

After : 5 m/s (score 1)

c) a(A-D) = (50-0)/14 (score 0.5)

a(D-F) = (5-50)/4 (score 0.5)

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