Gregor Mendel and The Laws of Heredity

Mendel's primary work was done using the garden pea, Pisum sativum, to study genetics. Johan
Gregor Mendel was a learner, teacher, and scientist. He taught physics, botany, and natural
science courses at the secondary and university levels. In 1856, he began a decade-long research
journey involving honeybee genotypes and plants, eventually settling on pea plant as his primary
model. He studied the inheritance of seven different traits in peas, such as: height, flower color,
seed color, and seed shape. This report will shed the light on Mendel's work with pea plant's
.flowers and his first law of heredity
Mendel first experimented with one characteristic of a pea plant. He began with flower color.
Mendel cross-pollinated purple- and white-flowered parent plants. The offspring of the parent
generation is called the F1 generation. What Mendel found was that all the F1 plants had purple
flowers. None of them had white flowers. Mendel wondered what happened to the property of
the white flower. He hypothesized that some type of inherited factor produces white flowers and
some other produce purple flowers. Because of the result, he thought that the white-flower factor
disappeared from the F1 generation, and he expected that the offspring of the F1 generation-
called the F2 generation- should have only purple flowers like their parents. To test his
prediction, Mendel allowed the F1 generation plants to self-pollinate. The result was surprising.
Some of the F2 generation plants had white flowers. He noticed that for every three purple-
flowered plants, there was an average of one white-flowered plant. Mendel did this experiment
on all the traits of the pea plant and noticed in all of them that there is a trait that disappears in
the F1 generation plants and appears by 25% in F2 generation plants. Based on these results,
Mendel formulated his first law of heredity. This law is called law of segregation. It states that
two factors control a particular characteristic one dominates the other, and these factors separate
.and pass into different gametes when a parent reproduce
Gregor Mendel conducted many experiments to discover the laws of heredity. He discovered the
first law of heredity by doing an experiment on the flowers of the pea plants and called it the law
of segregation. Mendel continued doing a lot of experiments and discovered other laws of
.heredity

REFRENCES
Molnar, C., 2012. BCcampus Open Publishing – Open Textbooks Adapted and Created by BC Faculty. -1
.[online] Opentextbc.ca. Available at: https://opentextbc.ca/ [Accessed 13 November 2021]

Khosla, N., 2007. CK12-Foundation. [online] CK-12 Foundation. Available at: -2

.https://flexbooks.ck12.org [Accessed 13 November 2021]