War & Remembrance For Better Foreign Policy

Segundo Eclar Romero

Philippine Daily Inquirer
December 12, 2023

In trying to illustrate the concept of user experience, I recently asked my students the
difference between two types of delivery as experienced by the user: a bouquet of 30 roses
delivered at one time, or one rose over 30 days. The consensus of the ladies was that the latter
delivery option gave more thrill and satisfaction, evidencing more thoughtfulness and effort,
and therefore signifying deeper affection. By their silence, the gentlemen did not seem to see
any difference.

Without minimizing the personal pain of families of the victims of the Duterte drug war over six
years, there has been less nationwide reprehension than for single extreme atrocities such as
the Maguindanao massacre of 2009. It seems that the abhorrence associated with multiple
murders is less if they are done by trickles (Duterte drug war’s estimated 12,000 victims over
six years) rather than by the bucket (Mamasapano’s 58 journalists and others, in one day).

I ponder this as I observe the seeming moral confusion that abounds in the world today about
matters that world wars were fought for to settle with factual and moral finality. We thought,
apparently wrongly, that the Holocaust would be an indelible human touchstone. Now there is a
real, seemingly increasing subscription to the idea that the Holocaust where six million Jews
were exterminated was “fake news.”

Rather than this polluted racist water remaining only at the heel level, we now are alarmed at
how neck-high it has gotten. No less than the presidents of Harvard University and the
University of Pennsylvania, when queried whether rhetoric calling for genocide against Jews
should be condemned, failed to answer squarely in the affirmative. They suffered a striking
public opinion backlash that they hurriedly backpedaled their positions.

There is also indolent ambiguity in the Philippine position on the Hamas-Israeli war. The
Philippines has failed to enunciate a policy that showed its independence, diplomatic maturity,
and capacity to promote its long-term interest. It has been too convenient to automatically side
with the United States in taking the cudgels for Israel, as it has done for decades. The
Philippines should have enunciated a more nuanced position, acknowledging Israel’s right to
self-defense, but equally calling for an end to the massacre of Palestinian civilians as being
beyond the metes and bounds of Israeli self-defense. This Philippine policy, in the context of a
nation with its struggles against predatory powers and seeking the intercession and support of
international organizations, international law, and world public opinion, must be strongly and
consistently signified in the halls of the United Nations and other international organizations,
and tangibly acted in support of bringing emergency aid to the Palestinians of Gaza.

Many Filipinos do not realize that there is an uncanny Philippine parallel in the massacre of
Palestinians trapped in Gaza, pounded by Israeli artillery, bombs, and missiles. In the battle of
Manila, over 100,000 civilians, men, women, children, and infants, were killed.
Army historian Robert R. Smith reports that the American generals on the ground, faced by stiff
Japanese resistance holed up in Intramuros, planned “a massive artillery preparation that
would last from 17 to 23 February and would include indirect fire at ranges up to 8,000 yards
as well as direct, point-blank fire from ranges as short as 250 yards. They would employ all
available corps and division artillery from 240mm howitzers down … Just how civilian lives
could be saved by this type of preparation, as opposed to aerial bombardment, is unknown. The
net result would be the same: Intramuros would be practically razed.”

It is estimated that American artillery and military operations may have caused 40 percent of
total noncombatant Filipino deaths during the battle for Manila. Smith wryly comments:
“American lives were understandably far more valuable than historic landmarks. The
destruction stemmed from the American decision to save lives in a battle against Japanese
troops who had decided to sacrifice their lives as dearly as possible.”

Well, just the same, Israelis would argue their pugnacity would perhaps be less if the Hamas
forces had not decided to sacrifice their lives.

I suggest our top government officials visit the Plazuela de Santa Isabel, about 100 meters at
the back of the Manila Cathedral in Intramuros. There stands the Memorare-Manila 1945, a
memorial to these civilian victims of the Battle of Manila. Doing so might help them craft for
Filipinos a more secure future.