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PODCASTY
70% of Parents Agree:

Charging Kids Rent is
Does
your dog
a Must!
AI is the Scariest
Beast Ever Created
truly
Driving the Future:
Auto Industry Trends
The Terrifying Truth
love you?
about Sports Betting
2023: The Year
Fashion Goes Green
and Sexy!
Science has the answer
ure/ Medicine/ Science/ Technology

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BY M AR IUSZ G OM UŁA
AUTOR METODYKI
Czy te oczy mogą kłamać?

Pies to nie tylko uroczy towarzysz, ale również niesamowicie inteligentna
C
istota, która ma zdolność nawiązywania wyjątkowych więzi z ludźmi
zy zastanawiałeś/łaś się kie- osobom w terapii pomagają przejść przez traumatycz-

dyś, czy twój pies tak na- ne doświadczenia, wspierać osoby w demencji lub ucz-
prawdę cię kocha? Czy za niów przeżywających trudności w nauce.
maślanymi oczkami, których Badania naukowe, o których możecie przeczytać
widok rozczula, może kryć się w sierpniowym wydaniu „Newsweeka”, pokazują, jak
coś więcej niż bezgraniczna, wiele przed nami jeszcze do odkrycia w naszych re-
bezinteresowna i ślepa miłość lacjach z tymi niezwykłymi stworzeniami. Mamy na-
do człowieka? Nauka ma coraz dzieję, że zdolności poznawcze i empatia czworonogów
więcej odpowiedzi na tego typu pytania. zainspirują nas do wnikliwszego ich rozumienia i więk-
W naszym tytułowym tekście „Does your dog truly szej troski o ich dobrostan.
love you?” Adama Piore’a czytamy, że badania nad Drodzy Czytelnicy, gorąco zachęcamy Was do prze-
zdolnościami poznawczymi psów rozpoczęły się kilka czytania wszystkich starannie wyselekcjonowanych
lat temu, kiedy Gregory Berns, wybitny neurobiolog dla Was i zamieszczonych w naszym magazynie teks-
z Uniwersytetu Emory, podjął się wyzwania zbada- tów. Oczywiście oprócz artykułów proponujemy jak
nia psich myśli u ponad 100 psów. Odkrył, że mają one zawsze zestaw skutecznych ćwiczeń – od tego wydania
zdolność rozumienia abstrakcyjnych pojęć i skom- nowe „Ćwiczenie 4” – które pozwoli Wam jeszcze sku-
plikowanych relacji społecznych oraz odczytywania teczniej przedstawiać zebrane informacje w syntetycz-
z wielką precyzją ludzkich emocji. Natomiast badania nej formie. Ogromnie cieszymy się z powodu Waszego
grupy etologów zapoczątkowane w latach 90. XX w. zainteresowania naszymi podcastami. W bieżącym
obaliły przekonanie, że udomowienie „ogłupiło” psy. wydaniu prezentujemy Wam wiele ciekawych rozmów,
Stało się coś wręcz przeciwnego – ewolucyjnie naby- m.in. „Newsweek Debates” organizowane przez ame-
ły umiejętność nawiązywania relacji z ludźmi – przed- rykańskie wydanie „Newsweeka” oraz Urban Deba-
stawicielami innego gatunku. te League, w celu rozwijania u młodzieży i studentów
Jednym z najciekawszych jest odkrycie, że psy po- umiejętności publicznych wystąpień.
trafią rozpoznawać różne ludzkie emocje, od radości Życzę Wam miło spędzonego czasu z językiem
po gniew, i dostosowywać zachowanie do naszych po- angielskim! NL
trzeb. Gdy pies i jego człowiek przytulają się do sie- Mariusz Gomuła, redaktor prowadzący NLE
bie lub nawiązują kontakt wzrokowy, ich organizmy Mariusz Gomuła jest absolwentem uniwersytetu
uwalniają oksytocynę – „hormon miłości”, natomiast Warszawskiego, Wydziału
głaskanie zwiększa zarówno u psa, jak i u człowie- Neofilologii oraz Ośrodka Studiów Amerykańskich.
ka poziom dopaminy i endorfin, odpowiedzialnych Specjalizuje się w metodyce nauczania języka
OKŁADKA: FOT. MERBE/GETTY IMAGES ISTOCK
za dobre samopoczucie. Psy mogą wręcz ocenić nasz angielskiego oraz w kulturze i literaturze krajów
charakter na podstawie zachowań – czego dowiedzie- anglosaskich ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem Sta-
liśmy się dzięki Zachary’emu Silverowi z Uniwersyte- nów Zjednoczonych Ameryki. Założyciel i właściciel
FOT. KATARZYNA KSIĘŻOPOLSKA,
tu Yale – i mają niesamowitą zdolność do szybkiego firmy szkoleniowej Fountain of Knowledge – Nauka
i jednoczesnego oceniania życzliwości oraz poten- Języków Obcych. Współpracował z wieloma polskimi
cjalnej skłonności do przemocy napotykanych ludzi. i międzynarodowymi firmami w obszarach:
Odkrycia te mają praktyczne zastosowanie: psy prze- audytów językowych, szkoleń językowych i bizneso-
wodnicy niosą pomoc osobom niewidomym i zapew- wych, coachingu językowego oraz tłumaczeń
niają poczucie bezpieczeństwa, a psy towarzyszące specjalistycznych. Prywatnie zapalony podróżnik
1
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001_NLE_03.indd 1 20/07/2023 11:30

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B1
A digital detox? Try our off- Parents reveal why they

the-grid vacation retreats charge their child rent
There are plenty of intriguing destinations that encourage you Newsweek spoke to a couple who charge their kids $200
to leave the digitally connected world behind. These off-the-grid a month to live at home, and it seems they are not alone, as
vacation retreats offer a digital detox so you can unplug and fully 70% of parents said they would also charge.. . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
relax... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
B2
Celebrate LGBTQIA+ Pride All
Year Long: 10 Queer Hotspots Sustainability: Fashion’s
Pride month is over, but you don’t need to stop celebrating. Here, hottest trend
some of the spots where celebrating inclusivity is an everyday The year 2023 is shaping up to be when sustainability
occasion.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 is sexy. Here are some of the innovative ways creatives
around the world are making fashion a little more green.
Everything you need to know about ........................................................ 24
Formula 1’s rules, rivalries and more How AI will make our lives
For U.S. fans who are new to the sport, here’s the lowdown on how better (and worse)
Formula 1 works, the essential difference between F1, Indy and It’s impossible to know exactly what changes artificial
NASCAR and who’s on top now.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 intelligence will bring. We asked the experts anyway. . . 28
EITAN ABRAMOVICH/AFP/GETTY IMAGES
The South Koreans who

How the auto industry will be disrupted
FOT. SENSORSPOT/GETTY IMAGES
won’t leave their rooms

From growing demand for electric vehicles to the expansion
The South Korean government has identified isolation
of personalized online buying options, here are the key trends
among youths as a welfare issue.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
shaping the auto industry this year. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
2 Newsweek Learning English
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Adres redakcji tygodnika: 02-672 Warszawa,

ul. Domaniewska 49, www.newsweek.pl,
redakcja@newsweek.pl
Redaktor naczelny: Tomasz Sekielski
Dyrektor artystyczna:
Magdalena Mamajek-Mich
Redaktor prowadząca (sekretariat redakcji):
Małgorzata Kacprzak
Redakcja części anglojęzycznej:
Mariusz Gomuła
Redakcja części polskojęzycznej:
Małgorzata Kacprzak
Opracowanie graficzne: Sylwia Niedaszkowska
Fotoedycja: Jacek Gruszecki
Opracowanie metodyczne materiałów:
Mariusz Gomuła Fountain of Knowledge
– Nauka Języków Obcych
Korekta j. angielski: Mariusz Gomuła Fountain
of Knowledge – Nauka Języków Obcych
Tłumaczenie: Mariusz Gomuła Fountain
of Knowledge – Nauka Języków Obcych
Korekta j. polski: Newsweek Polska
Dyrektor ds. rozwoju projektów
wydawniczych treści premium:
Bernadetta Byrska
Menedżer wydawniczy:
Joanna Skolimowska
Wydawca: RINGIER AXEL SPRINGER POLSKA Sp. z o.o.,

Członek Izby Wydawców Prasy i Związku Kontroli Dystrybucji
Prasy, www.ringieraxelspringer.pl
Adres: ul. Domaniewska 49, 02-672 Warszawa
Prezes zarządu: Aleksander Kutela

Prezes honorowy: Wiesław Podkański
Dyrektor generalny: Marcin Biegluk
Dyrektor finansowy: Krzysztof Stopa
Ukraine pop culture AI is the scariest

Dyrektor wydawniczy treści premium:
Jakub Makulski
Dyrektor personalna: Monika Remiszewska
unites against Russia beast ever created Dyrektor marketingu: Olga Korolec
Marketing: Agata Surmacz-Moćko,
agata.surmacz-mocko@ringieraxelspringer.pl
Ukrainian pop star Jerry Heil talks to Bruce Sterling, a science fiction writer and Head of Press Monetization Hub: Anna Dygasiewicz, zespół:
Marcin Czyż, Ryszard Korlak, Aneta Kulesz, Marta Mikiel, Ewelina
Newsweek about pop culture’s reactions a founder of the cyberpunk genre, talks about Milczek, press@ringieraxelspringer.pl
Biuro reklamy: Piotr Kupis, tel. 695388021, piotr.kupis@
to the war... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 the recent advances in artificial intelligence.

ringieraxelspringer.pl
Prenumerata:
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
literia.pl, zakładka PRASA
Zamówienia B2B:
Menedżer ds. sprzedaży bezpośredniej i trade marketingu:
C1
Agnieszka Ślusarczyk-Salicka (agnieszka.salicka@
ringieraxelspringer.pl)
Menedżer ds. prenumeraty::Sylwia Kowalska (sylwia.
These are the real dangers kowalska@ringieraxelspringer.pl)

Dyrektor ds. komunikacji korporacyjnej:
Does your dog truly of the sports betting

Karolina Sznajder
Księgowość: Sylwia Skibińska (dyrektor)
love you? Science boom for young men

Kolportaż: Rafał Kamiński (dyrektor)
Produkcja: Mariusz Gajda (dyrektor),
has the answer

Jarosław Sokołowski
Wagers on March Madness is up five-fold this

Druk: Quad/Graphics Europe Sp. z o.o.
Prenumerata i zamówienia kolekcji:
e-mail: prenumerata.axel@qg.pl, www.newsweek.pl,
The rapidly growing field of “canine year, as sports betting boom. Experts worry Sprzedaż internetowa wydań archiwalnych, specjalnych
i prenumeraty: www.literia.pl
cognition” is revealing new insights a surge in gambling addiction, depression and Reklamacje: e-mail: prenumerata.axel@qg.pl
Prenumerata krajowa: Poczta Polska
about the often-enigmatic behaviors of suicide will follow... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 oraz Ruch SA na terenie całego kraju
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our fabulous furry four-legged friends...

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
The end of the
FOT. AL GENERATED ART BY NEWSWEEK VIA MIDJOURNEY
Japan’s shrinking American Century

population faces Beijing is replacing Washington as the player
point of no return
EITAN ABRAMOVICH/AFP/GETTY IMAGES
with the contacts and the power to broker

Japan last year registered fewer than deals between rivals in the region... . . . . . . . . 68
BRYNDIS THORSTEINSDOTTIR
Kolejny numer „Newsweek

800,000 births for the first time since Learning English” ukaże się
records began over a century ago.... . . 51 Klucz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .72 w salonach prasowych 6 listopada 2023 r.
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także w prenumeracie!
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Newsweek
LearningEnglish
How to learn English

with our magazine
Choose the right CEFR level for you: B1, B2 or C1
Read original texts from American editions of Newsweek
Listen to text recordings and podcasts from U.S. Newsweek
Learn the authentic and ever-changing language that native speakers use
Use the glossary to help you learn key words
Do lexical and communication tasks
AUTHENTIC MATERIALS GLOSSARY

The magazine contains 15 original articles from Each article includes an EN PL glossary
American editions of Newsweek. to help you understand and learn useful words.
PODCASTS
Our articles come with links to original U.S. Newsweek
podcasts. On the one hand, they will help you delve into
the topics covered in our texts and, on the other hand,
develop one of the key skills in the process of learning
a foreign language, i.e., listening comprehension.
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TASK 1
Reading or listening to our texts regularly and answering
questions will help you implement authentic materials into
B1 B2 C1
your language learning process. As a result, each subsequent
contact with English will become easier for you. Start learning English
with articles at your level.
TASK 2
Lexical exercises, i.e.,
collocations and verb
phrases, will help you
effectively describe issues
presented in the articles
and express your opinion.
TASK 4
The final element
is a written
presentation
of your views on the
issues presented
in the articles.
TASK 3
Presenting arguments raised in texts and recording them
on a voice recorder, or presenting them in a group setting,
will help you learn to analyze texts critically. Use collocations
and verb expressions from Task 2 to get the most out of Task 3.
5
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Newsweek
LearningEnglish
How to learn English

with Newsweek podcasts
NEW IN NLE!
Learning method: presentation, practice, production (PPP)
Listen to the podcast to understand its content.

After listening to the recording, try to summarize the podcast in a few sentences.
Make notes in writing or on a voice recorder.
Listen to the podcast a second time. While listening to the recording, try to write down
key words and the most important facts.
Check the meaning of key words in the dictionary.
Complete the previously prepared note with facts and key words.
Present the content of the podcast using the information you collected.
Listen to the podcast a third time to make sure you have managed
to address all the key issues discussed in the podcast.
Remember!
You don’t have to complete all the steps in one attempt.
With longer podcasts, you can divide your work into a few stages.
FOT. SEBRA/123RF, JENNY ON THE MOON/ISTOCK
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EXAMPLE
The Future of Work
Listen to the podcast to understand its content.
SCAN & LISTEN!
After listening to the recording, try to summarize the podcast in a few sentences.
Make notes in writing or on a voice recorder.
EXAMPLE:
N owadays, more and more American workers are looking for new job opportunities. Many of them would not only like to change their
jobs, but also their career paths. Surprisingly, the Covid-19 pandemic has not led to massive layoffs, but to a labor shortage. The
employee-employer relationship is also changing; workers are becoming more demanding. Therefore, to attract talent, employers offer new
ﬂexible work models.
Listen to the podcast a second time. While listening to the recording, try to write down
key words and the most important facts.
Key words/phrases Key facts

great resignation about two-thirds of the surveyed are looking for a new role
look for a new role employees are looking for: better compensation, benefits,
hire/lay off employees flexibility, loyalty, positive employee experience
embrace flexibility employees have got accustomed to virtual work
employee’s market
commuting to work is no longer an option
virtual work
commute to work employers are opening up for new more flexible options, such as hybrid work
attract talent employers are working hard to improve in-office experience
Check the meaning of key words in the dictionary.

EXAMPLE:
lay off employees – zwalniać pracowników employee’s market – rynek pracownika commute to work – dojeżdżać do pracy
Complete the previously prepared note with facts and key words.
EXAMPLE:
N owadays, more and more American workers are looking for new job opportunities. In fact, about two-thirds of the interviewed
employees are looking for a new role. Surprisingly, the Covid-19 pandemic has not led to massive layoffs but to a labor shortage.
The employee-employer relationship is also changing; workers are becoming more demanding. To attract talent, employers offer new work
models, such as hybrid work, that are more ﬂexible during and after work.
One of the sectors facing labor shortages is gastronomy. Many employees have left their jobs for good and employers cannot easily
replace them. Fortunately, some employers have not let people go on a large scale and such companies can continue their activities.
It seems that now, more than ever, employees are looking for better compensation, benefits, flexibility, loyalty, and a positive
employee experience.
Also employees have got accustomed to virtual work, which in turn has opened up new job opportunities for many of them. They
don’t want to drift back and forth. For many of them, commuting is no longer an option.
Therefore, to attract talent, employers need to open up to new, more flexible options, such as virtual work. Also in-office experience
has become much more important, i.e. a quality of teamwork.
All in all, it seems that getting back to business as usual will not be easy. Employers need to get used to the new post-Covid reality.
If they want to attract talent, they will have to embrace flexibility as quickly as their employees.
7
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Newsweek
LearningEnglish B1
TRAVEL
A digital detox?
Try our off-the-
grid vacation
retreats
There are plenty of
intriguing destinations
that encourage you
to leave the digitally
connected world
behind. These off-the-
grid vacation retreats
offer a digital detox
so you can unplug
and fully relax
BY E IL E E N FAL K E NB E R G -
-HUL L A N D NI C O L E WA K E L I N
Coral and Crabs

Chumbe Island Coral Park
Zanzibar, Tanzania
Encompassing an entire privately developed nature preserve, this eco-con-
scious destination includes a coral reef sanctuary and forest reserve. It was the
first destination to receive Global Ecosphere Retreat certification. Snorkel, walk
FOT. XXXXXXXXXXXXX
among giant coconut crabs, explore the natural landscape of the island or simply
lay on the beach and enjoy nature’s sounds.
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Newsweek
B1 LearningEnglish
P
ush alerts, the ringing phone, encompass
texts, emails, pop-up meeting – obejmować
requests and video conferenc- commune with
es—it seems like we can’t ever nature – obcować
z naturą
quite get away from the digital
lodge – domek,
lifestyle that has transformed chata
the way we work. But...you ac- serenity – spokój,
tually can. There are plenty of pogoda ducha
intriguing destinations—both nearby and far away indulge in
from work and home—that encourage you to leave something
the digitally connected world behind. When you – oddawać się
want to take the road less traveled for an adven- czemuś
ture, relax at an all-inclusive relaxation-focused ex- glamping
yurt – namiot
perience, or simply commune with nature ; there
glampingowy
are incredible destinations just waiting...with no Perched on the Pacific stunning views
distractions. Treebones Resort – wspaniałe widoki
Big Sur, California on tap
Mid-California’s coastline is known for two things— – w zanadrzu
its beauty and its lack of cellphone signal. Surround imbue serenity
yourself with a winning combination of the Pacific – wypełniać (np.
Ocean’s stunning coastline and enormous redwood miejsce) poczuciem
trees while indulging in hikes, yoga and a massage. spokoju
Glamping yurt and tent stays at this beachside re-
sort will resume shortly, when Highway 1 reopens
from the most recent flooding.
No Cars Allowed
Len Foote Hike Inn
Dawsonville, Georgia
All Points North The Appalachian Trail starts in Geor-
Ultima Thule Lodge gia and continues north all the way to
Chitina, Alaska Maine. Along the way, there are cab-
Bears, moose, eagles, oh my! Wild, raw experienc- ins where cell signal is nonexistent.
es are this site’s specialty. Hundreds of miles from The Len Foote Hike Inn is not the ex-
paved roads, the lodge sits on the banks of a gla- ception, but a stay here is an excep-
cial river inside North America’s largest national tional experience with a small lodge
park. It’s part of a UNESCO World Heritage Mon- where family-style dining, stunning
ument. Explore, hike and fly into the wild during views and relaxation are on tap and
the day, then enjoy the wood-fired sauna in Alaskan well worth the five-mile hike neces-
serenity. sary to get there.
FOT. COURTESY OF CHUMBE ISLAND CORAL PARK, ETHAN WELTY/GETTY IMAGES
Monastic Luxury
Eremito Hotelito Del Alma
Parrano, Italy
This Umbrian monastery-turned-luxe
resort is the perfect place to disconnect
from life. Its use of natural materials—
COURTESY OF TREE BONES RESORT
COURTESY OF LEN FOOTE HIKE INN
from the building’s architecture to the

fabrics used on the beds—and special-
ly designed spaces imbue serenity. It
was one of the first digital detox resorts
MARCO RAVASINI
in Italy and strives to have its custom-

ers garner an appreciation for the
necessary, in comfort.
9
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strive to do Edge of the Himalayas

something Shakti Ladakh
– usiłować coś Leh, India
zrobić A luxury experience that sidesteps the more pop-
garner
ulated parts of town to allow guests to explore the
an appreciation
for something
natural, authentic experience of the Indus River sur-
– doceniać coś rounds, a stay can take a visitor two directions—total
macaw – papuga relaxation or adventure. The Ladakh Village Expe-
ara rience takes adventure seekers to remote areas to
perched on a cliff camp, far away from any hustle and bustle. A high
– usytuowany level of fitness is encouraged.
na klifie
off-the-grid Lush Rainforest
living – mieszkania
bez dostępu do
Lapa Rios Lodge
zasilania
Osa Peninsula, Costa Rica
retreat – zacisze, Situated on the edge of the Pacific Ocean and sur-
ucieczka rounded by Central America’s last remaining
(w bezpieczne, tropical lowland rainforest, Lapa Rios Lodge is a dis-
odizolowane connecting dream. Frogs, macaws and endangered
miejsce) monkeys provide the resort’s soundtrack as you in-
hustle and bustle dulge in nature-centric exploration during your stay.
– zgiełk
provide a nod to
somebody – robić
ukłon w czyjąś
stronę
ger – jurta (dawny Desert Destination
mongolski lub Three Camel Lodge
turecki namiot) Gobi Desert, Mongolia
archery Find yourself a world away from everything you
– łucznictwo know with a three-, four-, five- or eight-night pri-
take in something vate stay in the Gobi Desert. Sand dunes, emerald-
– uczestniczyć
colored grass and ice formations make for stunning
spontanicznie
w jakimś
surrounds. The lodge provides a nod to nomadic
wydarzeniu Mongolian life with its luxurious “ger” accommoda-
Edge of the World tions, activities like archery and horseback riding
Beresheet Hotel and ethnic cooking classes.
Negev, Israel
Perched on a cliff at the edge of the extraordi-
nary Ramon Crater, the Beresheet Hotel combines
off-the-grid living with all the luxury of an upscale,
primitive desert retreat. There are 111 guest villas
and one of the most unique pools in the world, right
on the edge of the crater. Add in spa treatments and
NEWSWEEK PODCASTS an area especially for kids, and a stay is relaxing for
Hollywood Health everyone in your family.
Fads: Ozempic, Naked
Retreats for Men, and
Alternative Medicines
Walkabout Wellness
SUTTIPONG SUTIRATANACHAI/GETTY IMAGES
SCAN & LISTEN! Emirates One&Only

MENAHEM KAHANA/AFP/GETTY IMAGES
COURTESY OF EMIRATES ONE&ONLY
Wolgan Valley, Australia

Located in the Greater Blue Mountains, this resort
RUBEN EARTH/GETTY IMAGES
offers guests luxury villas to serve as their home base

FOT. JOSHUA ROPER
during their stay. Go for a walkabout to see nature

at its most primitive, learn about conservation, ride
horses or take in a holistic wellness experience in
the middle of 2,800 hectares of remote landscape.
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Newsweek
B1 LearningEnglish
Task 1 Task 2
Reading Vocabulary Collocations and verb phrases
Read the text and answer First, match the words to form collocations and
the following questions: verb phrases that will help you describe the issue
presented in the article. Next, write down a sentence using each
In which place can you ... collocation and verb phrase. The sentences you create should
1. ... see enormous redwood trees? relate to the topic being discussed in the text.
2. ... enjoy a holistic wellness experience in Collocations:
the midst of remote landscape? raw relaxation
3. ... find bears, moose, and eagles? stunning destination
family-style experiences
4. ... explore a coral reef sanctuary and
digital landscape
forest reserve? eco-conscious coastline
5. ... disconnect from life in an Umbrian natural riding
monastery-turned-luxe resort? total detox
6. ... have a private stay in the desert, horseback dining
surrounded by sand dunes, emerald-
colored grass, and ice formations? Verb phrases:
get away from life
leave with nature
commune a walkabout
Task 3
fly the world behind
indulge from the digital lifestyle
disconnect on the beach
lay into the wild
Speaking go for in hikes
FOT. BORTONIA/DIGITALVISION/GETTY IMAGES, TUNCAY GÜNDOĞDU/DIGITALVISION/GETTY IMAGES, ZARICM/DIGITALVISION/GETTY IMAGES
Task description: Students

will participate in a debate
Task 4
about vacation retreats that encourage
disconnecting from the digital world and
immersing oneself in nature.
Writing Writing Article
Task elements:
1. Describe the general concept of vacation retreats Now it’s time to put forward your views on the
and their purpose. issues. Write an article on the topic: A perfect
2. Explain what sets these vacation retreats apart vacation retreat.
from regular vacations.
3. Choose one of the vacation retreats mentioned Points to consider
and describe why it appeals to you personally.
4. Discuss the potential challenges one might face Decide on the style of the article
when trying to disconnect from the digital Think of a short, clear, appropriate
SUTTIPONG SUTIRATANACHAI/GETTY IMAGES
lifestyle during a vacation retreat. headline to attract the reader’s attention

MENAHEM KAHANA/AFP/GETTY IMAGES
5. Create your own vacation retreat. Describe its Deal with a different aspect of the topic in
COURTESY OF EMIRATES ONE&ONLY
location, amenities, and activities that would each paragraph

RUBEN EARTH/GETTY IMAGES
encourage guests to disconnect from the digital Use linking words/transitions to connect
world. your ideas (although, yet, moreover, etc.)
Avoid using simplistic words (good, bad,
nice, etc.)
11
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Newsweek
LearningEnglish B1
CULTURE
Celebrate
LGBTQIA+ Pride
All Year Long: 10 Club Roshell
Mexico City
Queer Hotspots
Founded by activist and actress Roshell Ter-
ranova, who fought for trans rights in the city,
Club Roshell hosts drag shows, cabarets and
comedy nights. The staff, trained makeup art-
ists, will even help you perfect your winged
Pride month is over, but you don’t need to stop eyeliner, and workshops are available to learn
celebrating. Here, some of the spots where for yourself.
celebrating inclusivity is an everyday occasion
I
BY M E G HA N G U NN The ArQuives
Toronto, Canada
Formerly known as the Canadian Lesbian and
pay tribute n June countries around the world Gay Archives, the institution is home to one of the
to someone celebrate Pride month. The streets world’s largest queer historical collections. The arti-
– oddawać komuś are transformed into rainbow havens facts take visitors on a journey through Canada’s gay
cześć/hołd filled with marches, parties and con- liberation movement, showcasing items from flags
indie publisher
certs in support of LGBTQIA+ people and posters to art, recordings and publications.
– niezależny
wydawca
and rights. While held in June to honor
winged eyeliner the 1969 Stonewall Riots, this month
– konturówka isn’t the only time to pay tribute to
showcase queer icons and advocate for acceptance. From
– wystawiać London bookstore Gay’s the Word to Berlin’s club
na pokaz SchwuZ, here are some of the places where inclusiv-
ity of all genders and sexual orientations is celebrat-
ed year round.
Sour Cherry Comics

San Francisco
Owner Leah Morrett, who
opened the shop in March, says
she “wanted to create a gen-
der-inclusive, queer-focused Casa Brandon
Buenos Aires
THE ARQUIVES, EITAN ABRAMOVICH/AFP/GETTY IMAGES
space.” The comics, graphic

novels and books stocked range Not only is Casa Brandon
from indie publishers like a bar, it describes itself as a
Black Mask Studios to the more queer cultural club, of-
mainstream DC Comics. The fering an art gallery with
MEDIOS Y MEDIA/GETTY IMAGES
shop also hosts community- various expos, movie

FOT. SOUR CHERRY COMICS
centered events, from writing screenings and live music

workshops to sewing parties. and drag shows. All of the
venue’s art and events fo-
cus on promoting sexual
diversity.
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Gay’s the Word

London
The oldest LGBT bookshop in the U.K., it was found-
ed in January 1979 by a group of queer socialists as
a community space. Organizers used the shop to Shpagat
provide resources and event information, as well as Tel Aviv
to host music nights. Today, the shop continues to A touchstone of the Tel Aviv queer community,
hold community events and offers books with a wide Shpagat is open from 10 a.m. to 2 a.m., so you can
NEWSWEEK PODCASTS
range of voices. grab a coffee, then happy hour and maybe even stay The Assault on Drag:
to dance to one of the guest DJs from around the What’s Happening and
world. It goes without saying, but all are welcome Why Is It Being Banned?
here.
SCAN & LISTEN!
queer – niehetero-
normatywny/
zbiorcze określenie
osób niehetero-
Pink Candy normatywnych
Cape Town brewery – browar
It’s always a party on (miejsce warzenia
the dance floor at this piwa)
club, one of the most decor – wystrój
popular venues in Pink Tiffany (wnętrza)
Cape Town. Expect Kathmandu touchstone – punkt
odniesienia
a mixed crowd of lo- Nepal’s first openly queer-friendly bar in Nepal, entrepreneur
cals and international Pink Tiffany was founded by entrepreneur Megh- – przedsiębiorca
travelers and DJs from na Lama as a safe space for people of all genders and backdrop – tło
all over. sexual orientations to gather and discuss issues over
reasonably priced snacks and drinks.
SchwuZ
Berlin The Imperial Hotel
If you want to get your dance on, this is the spot to Sydney
party all night. The club is a former brewery, where The retro-styled pub was
the dance themes and decor pay homage to queer a backdrop for the 1994
icons like Madonna. Events include talent shows, musical The Adventures
along with panels and readings. of Priscilla, Queen of the
Desert and now hosts
SOL STOCK/GETTY IMAGES, STATICNAK1983/GETTY IMAGES
drag performances on
FOT. GAY’S THE WORD, LAURA CHIESA/GETTY IMAGES
the main stage, as well as

Honcho Disko, a monthly
SCHWUZ, SOPHIE HILL/THE IMPERIAL HOTEL
art club, in the basement.

Be prepared to disco till
closing time at four in the
morning.
13
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Newsweek
LearningEnglish B1
Task 1 Task 2
In which place can you find ... collocation and verb phrase. The sentences you create should
1. ... the oldest LGBT bookshop in Britain that relate to the topic being discussed in the text.
holds community events and offers books Collocations:
with a wide range of voices? rainbow culture
2. ... a retro-styled pub that hosts drag sexual space
performances and a monthly art club event? gender-inclusive havens
3. ...a comic book shop that focuses on gender drag bar
inclusivity and hosts community events? queer orientations
4. ... a coffee shop that turns into a lively venue queer-friendly shows
with guest DJs and welcomes people of all

genders and sexual orientations?
5. ... a club that honors queer icons, with dance Verb phrases:
themes and decor, and hosts talent shows, celebrate sexual diversity
panels, and readings? pay tribute to community events
6. ... a venue that hosts drag shows, cabarets, advocate for queer icons
and comedy nights, with trained makeup promote music nights
artists to help you perfect your look? host Pride month
hold acceptance
Task 3 Task 4
Speaking Writing Opinion essay
Task description: Students will Now it’s time to put forward your views on the
participate in a debate about issues. Write an opinion essay on the topic: Pride
queer hotspots around the world, their Parades: Are They Still Relevant in the Fight for
significance, and the activities they offer. LGBTQIA+ Equality?
Points to consider
Task elements:
1. Recall the queer hotspots mentioned in the text.
Decide whether you agree or disagree
2. Analyze the significance and impact of queer
with the subject of the essay
hotspots on the LGBTQIA+ community.
Make a list of your points and reasons
3. Evaluate the effectiveness of the activities and
Begin each paragraph with a sentence
events offered by queer hotspots.
that summarizes what the paragraph is
4. Imagine opening a new queer hotspot in your
about
city. Describe the activities and services you
Use linking words/transitions to
would offer to create an inclusive and welcoming
connect your ideas (firstly, moreover,
space.
nevertheless)
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Newsweek
B1 LearningEnglish
N
WORLD ew to Formula 1? This get someone up
Everything
F1 guide will get you up to speed
to speed quickly on the – wprowadzić
world’s fastest, most tech- kogoś w temat
represent
you need to
nically advanced form of
the top tier
motor racing.
– reprezentować
What does the name sig- najwyższy poziom
nify?
know about
grid – ustawienie
The name is meant to represent the top tier of na starcie
single-seater, open-wheeled racing, or the premier (np. samochodów
“formula.” There are also Formula 2, Formula 3 and w wyścigu)
Formula 1’s
Formula E series (for electrically powered vehicles),
which feature standardized cars that drive at lower
speeds; in F1, each team designs and builds its own cars.
rules, How long has F1 been around?

Formula 1 as we know it now grew out of Europe-
rivalries
an Grand Prix championship racing in the 1920s and
1930s. F1 racing developed a standardized set of rules
in 1946, with a World Championship of Drivers estab-
lished in 1950. The first race, won by Italian Giuseppe
and more
Antonio „Nino” Farina, in an Alfa Romeo, was held at
Silverstone, home of the British Grand Prix.
What’s the format?

The current grid is made up of 10 teams with two
For U.S. fans who are new to the drivers each. This season they will compete around
sport, here’s the lowdown on how the world in 22 Grand Prix on racetracks and street
FOT. JARED C . TILTON/GETTY IMAGES
circuits, in high-tech cars, powered by 1.6-liter V6

Formula 1 works, the essential turbocharged hybrid engines, that can reach speeds
difference between F1, Indy and of 220 miles per hour.
NASCAR and who’s on top now How does the scoring work?
The individual drivers collect points for their driv-
BY PAU L RHO D E S ers’ championship, while the teams compete in the
15
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Everything you need to know about Formula 1’s rules, rivalries and more
lap – okrążenie constructors’ championship. The top 10 finishing Championship, from 1950 to 1960, the Indianapo-
limp – powoli positions win points, with the first-place finisher get- lis 500 was included in Formula 1. The first cham-
dojechać ting 25; second, 18; third; 15 and so on. A bonus point pionship-recognized U.S. Grand Prix was held
(np. do mety) is awarded to the driver who completes the fastest in Sebring, Florida, in 1959. The second race was
sit atop
lap in the race, and additional points can be won held in Riverside, California, before it moved to
– znajdować
się na szczycie,
by the top eight drivers in six sprint races that are Watkins Glen, New York, in 1961 and stayed there
przewodzić stawce held on the Saturday before the Sunday Grand Prix. until 1980.
gun for A U.S. Grand Prix West was added in Long Beach,
a record – dążyć Who’s ahead now? California, from 1976 to 1983, while Formula 1’s first
do osiągnięcia Reigning world champion Max Verstappen is top dog two outings in Las Vegas, in 1981 and 1982, were
rekordowego ahead of his Mexican Red Bull Honda teammate Ser- much derided for being held in the parking lot of
wyniku gio Perez, who hit the wall in qualifying at Monaco Caesars Palace Hotel. In the 1980s, Grand Prix were
outing – występ last weekend and limped to a 16th-place finish, out- held in Detroit and Dallas, with a few races at the In-
(np. w wydarzeniu
side the points. Red Bull also sit atop the construc- dianapolis Speedway (separate from the Indy 500)
sportowym)
deride
tors’ standings and are the only team to have won so from 2000 to 2009.
– wyśmiewać far this season, with Verstappen taking four race vic- The United States Grand Prix was re-established
fortified tories to Perez’s two. at the Circuit of the Americas in Austin, Texas, in
– wzmocniony Fernando Alonso, the oldest driver on the grid at 2012, with the high-speed track proving a hit with
41, sits third overall in the drivers’ championship in fans and racers alike.
his Mercedes-powered Aston Martin. The Spaniard,
a two-time champ, last secured a world title in 2006 What’s the difference between F1,
and is hoping to win a race this season for the first NASCAR and IndyCar racing?
time since 2013. NASCAR vehicles are fortified, modified stock pro-
In fourth and fifth are the Mercedes factory cars duction cars, while F1 and IndyCar are purpose-built
piloted by Brits Lewis Hamilton and George Russell. open-wheeled race cars.
Hamilton is gunning for a record eighth world IndyCar is the fastest of the three racing series,
title but his drive is far slower than the Red Bull with cars reaching 240mph, compared with a typi-
of Verstappen. The pair are fierce rivals after the cal 220mph top speed in F1 and just over 200mph in
Dutchman overtook Hamilton on the last lap of the NASCAR.
last race of the 2021 season to seal his first world title NASCAR drives primarily on super speedways and
and deny the Brit the championship. short oval circuits, with some road tracks, while In-
The Ferraris of Spain’s Carlos Sainz Jr. and Mone- dyCar races are held across a mix of street circuits,
gasque driver Charles Leclerc are sixth and seventh road tracks, super speedways and short ovals. F1,
respectively, ahead of Alonso’s Aston Martin team- however, only races on road tracks and street cir-
mate, Canadian Lance Stroll, in eighth overall. The cuits. NASCAR has 26 regular season races, F1 has
Italian fan favorites are having another season below 22, and IndyCar 17.
expectation, with Leclerc failing to finish due to en- NASCAR races are typically the longest, averag-
gine failure in Bahrain and crashing out in Australia. ing around 400 miles, with some 600 miles long. In-
Finland’s Kimi Raikkonen, who has retired from F1, dyCar races are between 200 and 500 miles, while
was the last driver to win a world championship for Formula 1 races must be at least 190 miles in length,
Ferrari, back in 2007. apart from the Monaco Grand Prix, which is just
American Logan Sargeant’s seat is with Williams, over 160 miles. NASCAR and IndyCar races can last
who are currently last in the constructors’ standings over three hours while most F1 races take around
behind fellow backmarkers Alpine, McLaren, Haas, 90 minutes.
NEWSWEEK PODCASTS
Alfa Romeo and AlphaTauri. Sargeant’s teammate, NASCAR has 40 cars in a race, while IndyCar has
All The New Cars Ever Thai-British driver Alex Albon, has secured Wil- between 24 and 34, with 20 in F1. Formula 1 cars are
liams’ lone point this season with a 10th-place finish the most expensive, with two-car teams allowed to
in Bahrain. spend up to $135 million this season on car devel-
SCAN & LISTEN! opment and team costs, excluding driver salaries,
How does the U.S. fit in? which themselves can be in the tens of millions. In-
While the sport has its roots in Europe, the U.S. and dyCar can cost up to $10 million per car for a season,
American drivers have long been involved. with a NASCAR team costing between $15 million
Frenchman Louis Wagner won the first ever and $20 million a season. NL
“United States Grand Prix” in Savannah, Georgia,
in 1908, however the race does not count in F1’s
Paul Rhodes
history books. Following the creation of the World
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Newsweek
B1 LearningEnglish
Task 1 Task 2
1. What is “Formula 1”, and how long has it collocation and verb phrase. The sentences you create should
been in existence? relate to the topic being discussed in the text.
2. What is the format of Formula 1 races? Collocations:
3. How does the scoring system work in technically expectation
Formula 1? street track
4. Who is currently leading the drivers’ fierce circuits
championship? below failure
5. Which team is leading the constructors’ engine advanced
championship? high-speed rivals
6. Who are the notable drivers in the
current standings?
7. What positions are the Ferrari drivers Verb phrases:
holding in the standings? represent a race
8. What is the historical connection reach on super speedways
between Formula 1 and the United sit the top tier
States, and where is the United States win the world title
Grand Prix currently held? seal atop
drive speeds of 220 mph
Task 3 Task 4
Speaking Writing Report
Task description: Students

Now it’s time to put forward your views on the issues.
will talk about the basics of
Write a Formula 1 event report summarizing the key
Formula 1.
aspects of one selected race.
Task elements: Points to consider

1. Explain what the name “Formula 1” signifies in
the context of motorsports. Race Overview: Include essential details such as the race location,
2. Describe the format of Formula 1 races, track characteristics, and any unique factors that may impact the race.
including the number of teams and drivers. Notable Moments: Include dramatic overtakes, incidents, crashes, or
3. Identify the current top drivers and teams in unexpected performances that shaped the outcome of the race.
Formula 1 based on the provided information. Driver and Team Performance: Analyze the performance of the top
4. Compare and contrast the key differences drivers and teams during the race.
between Formula 1, NASCAR, and IndyCar Scoring and Standings: Provide an update on the scoring and standings
racing. in the drivers’ and constructors’ championships following the race.
5. Develop a proposal to attract more viewership Impact and Implications: Reflect on the race’s impact on the season as
and interest in Formula 1 in your country. a whole.
17
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Newsweek
LearningEnglish B1
AUTOS
How the auto industry

will be disrupted
From growing demand for electric vehicles to the
expansion of personalized online buying options, here
are the key trends shaping the auto industry this year
FOT. XXXXXXXXXXXXX
BY E I L E E N FA L K E NB E R G -H U L L
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rebound – odbicie
dealer lot – salon
samochodowy
bounce back
– odbić się, wrócić
do normy
catch up to
demand – nadążać
za popytem
blurred – rozmyty,
niewyraźny
supply chain
restraints
– ograniczenia
T
łańcucha dostaw
scramble – walczyć
(o byt)
influx – napływ
his year is shaping up as a re- hicle online rose in popularity during the pandemic.
bound for the automotive in- Now, “lenders and dealers are looking to expand
dustry, following a drop-off in their relationships with car buyers and go beyond
sales in 2022. Even as supply the physical boundaries of auto retail to meet con-
chain problems begin to ease, sumers where they are, online,” says Jessica Staf-
though, new challenges are ford, senior vice president of consumer solutions
emerging—a possible reces- at Cox Automotive. “Additionally, the lines are be-
sion, still-high inflation, the ing blurred with traditional channels for auto fi-
impact of the war in Ukraine on the financial mar- nancing, with data science and predictive behavior
kets—that could give buyers pause about spending coming into play. All of this innovation is giving con-
money on new and used models. sumers more personalized financing experiences,
What won’t slow down, experts say: the industry’s and dealers, lenders and original equipment manu-
development of fresh products as design, testing, facturers more effective processes.”
powertrain and sales evolutions that started pre- Business owners will be forced to get crea-
pandemic take firm hold in the vehicles that can be tive. Business owners in the market for new vehi-
found on dealer lots. cles that can be modified to their needs will be in
Newsweek asked its go-to group of automotive infor a long wait, causing them to look for alternative
dustry analysts what they see happening in the com- ways to acquire them. “Supply chain restraints
ing year. Here are their top predictions. have resulted in extended order-to-delivery times
Auto sales will slowly bounce back. “Expect about that now average over 52 weeks for an upfit vehi-
a million more light vehicle sales in the U.S. over 2022, cle,” says Brad Jacobs, vice president of fleet con-
totaling around 14.8 million in 2023. Attributing to sulting and product development at Merchants
the healthy rise are consistent signs of improvement Fleet. “This trend has led companies to procure ve-
in supply chains helping to normalize inventory levels hicles from never-before-seen channels, including
and an increasing electric vehicle (EV) market share,” vehicle inventory pools, rentals and rent-to-lease
AutoPacific’s manager of industry analysis Paul Waat- conversion offerings.”
ti tells Newsweek. Even with that increase, though, A new law will have automakers scrambling. Al-
sales are still likely to remain slightly below 2021 lev- though final details are still being worked out, the NEWSWEEK PODCASTS
Newsweek’s World’s
els, according to AutoPacific’s estimates. Inflation Reduction Act modified the rules for Greatest Auto
Momentum will continue to build for EVs. J.D. which electric vehicles qualify for tax credits, re- Disruptors 2023
Power’s vice president of automotive consulting, Ty- quiring some components to be manufactured and
FOT. LUCID MOTORS, FORD MOTOR COMPANY
son Jominy, predicts electric vehicle sales will break assembly to happen in the U.S. to get the maximum SCAN & LISTEN!
1 million units in 2023. “Demand has materialized credit. “We should continue to see an influx of do-
along with a broader offering of EVs across manufac- mestic infrastructure announcements as automak-
turers and segments,” he says. “But charging availa- ers work feverishly to localize supply chains and EV
bility and uptime need to catch up fast to demand assembly to adhere to new IRA rules,” Waatti says.
or else risk losing momentum and consumer trust.” “Time is of the essence to get these in order, as ve-
Online interactions will get more personal. Sched- hicles qualifying for tax breaks will have a substan-
uling a test drive and financing and purchasing a ve- tial market advantage.” NL
19
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Newsweek
LearningEnglish B1
Task 1 Task 2
Listening Vocabulary Collocations and verb phrases
Listen to the
First, match the words to form collocations and
recording
verb phrases that will help you describe the issue
and answer
the following
collocation and verb phrase. The sentences you create should
questions:
relate to the topic being discussed in the text.
SCAN & LISTEN! Collocations:
1. What happened to the automotive industry in automotive availability
2022, and what is the outlook for 2023? supply industry
2. What are some of the challenges that could electric trust
affect the automotive industry in 2023? charging chain
3. What is the expected trend for electric vehicle consumer credits

sales in 2023? tax vehicle
4. What could potentially hinder the growth of
electric vehicle sales in 2023?
5. How has the pandemic affected online Verb phrases:
interactions between car buyers and dealers? normalize losing momentum
6. What impact have supply chain restraints had catch up alternative ways
on business owners in the market for new risk inventory levels
vehicles? schedule the rules
7. What is AutoPacific’s prediction for auto sales in look for to demand
2023? modify a test drive
Task 3 Task 4
Speaking Writing Text summary
Task description: Students will partici-

Complete the following summary using
pate in a debate about the automotive
information from the text.
industry.
The automotive industry is expected to
Task elements:
1)__________________ this year after a decline
1. Recall three specific predictions made by industry analysts
in sales in 2022. Despite challenges like
for the automotive industry in 2023.
2)__________________ , experts believe the
2. Explain in your own words what each prediction means
industry will continue developing new
for the industry.
products. Sales are predicted to slowly recover,
3. Identify and discuss two factors that could impact these
with an increase in electric vehicle (EV) sales.
predictions.
Online interactions will become more
4. Evaluate the likelihood of each prediction coming true,
3)__________________ , and business owners
using examples to support your arguments.
will seek alternative ways to acquire vehicles
5. Debate with your partner or group which prediction is the
due to 4)__________________ . Automakers will
most significant for the industry and why.
also need to adapt to 5)__________________ to
6. Develop your own prediction for the automotive industry
qualify for tax credits.
in 2023 and explain why you think it will happen. Check the answer key!
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Newsweek
B1 LearningEnglish
FAMILY & PARENTING
Parents
reveal why
they charge
their child
rent
Newsweek spoke to a couple who
charge their kids $200 a month
to live at home, and it seems they
are not alone, as 70% of parents
said they would also charge
BY S O P HIE L L OY D
W
h e n E ri k a a n d ment. Our hope is that by doing all this, we’re prepar- footage – materiał
Cody Archie post- ing her for the world.” filmowy
ed a video to Tik- In the video, Cody was more blunt. “I’ve been pay rent – płacić
czynsz
Tok explaining telling Fred for the last couple of months. 200 bucks
blunt – szczery
how they would a month is plenty cheap to live like a grub in your grub – brudas,
be charging parents’ house,” he said. flejtuch
their 18-year-old According to recent figures from the U.S. Census pay off a debt
daughter Kylee Bureau, 58 percent of 18 to 24-year-olds are living – spłacać dług
rent, the reaction was split. One commenter called with their parents. While staying at home has bene- unreasonable
it a “punishment.” Another said: “I don’t see any- fits for young people—such as allowing them to pay – nadmierny,
thing wrong with it. It helps them learn responsi- off their debts or save for a housing deposit—hav- niedorzeczny
bility.” While a third added: “Hell no, that’s their ing an extra person under their roof means higher relish the
opportunity
home.” costs for their parents.
FOT. COURTESY OF THE ARCHIE FAMILY
– rozkoszować
The footage ended up going viral, receiving over A recent poll conducted by Redfield & Wilton się możliwością,
700,000 views. Despite the mixed response, Cody is Strategies for Newsweek asked 1,500 U.S. adults wykorzystywać
sure they’ve made the right decision. their thoughts on parents charging their adult chil- okazję
“This is our way of preparing her and making sure dren rent. dicey – ryzykowny
she knows that things aren’t free,” Cody told News- Around 57 percent said that a 20-something mov-
week. “Part of becoming an adult is knowing that you ing back home should pay for the privilege, even if
have to either pay rent or you’ll have a house pay- their parents “do not need the money.” In compar-
21
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Parents reveal why they charge their child rent
indulge – pozwalać ison, only 28 percent felt that adult children should vary by state, rental costs are currently high across
sobie (na coś), live rent-free. the country relevant to minimum wage earnings.
zaspokajać A study conducted by Lending Tree produced sim- According to Statista, it costs an average of $1,152
(potrzeby) ilar results. While 85 percent of parents surveyed a month to rent a one-bedroom apartment in the
inevitably
said they’d let their adult children move home, 73 U.S.—$253 more than five years ago.
– nieuchronnie
resentment
percent would charge them rent. To rent an apartment in the Archies’ hometown of
– frustracja, Gatesville costs $634 a month. That may seem cheap,
rozżalenie Should You Charge Your Adult Child but the minimum wage in Texas is only $7.25 per
alleviate financial Rent? hour—one of the lowest in the country.
burdens – złagodzić Although 36 percent of Americans see young people “If she was living in her own place, [Kylee]
obciążenia finansowe living at home as bad for society, the benefits to these would be making a much higher payment,” Erika
incentive “boomerang” children are evident. told Newsweek.
– bodziec, zachęta Often viewed as a sense of entitlement or laziness, The couple blasted commenters accusing them
household bills
living with their parents or another relative is allow- of making their home an “unsafe space” for their
– rachunki domowe
minimum wage
ing millennials and Gen Z to save money and pay off daughter. “It’s just to open her eyes,” Cody said. “It’s
– płaca minimalna debt, rather than struggling to survive. a very minor portion of her income, we’re not put-
blast commenters – However, an adult child living at home can have ting her in a bind.”
surowo skrytykować a financial and emotional impact on their parents. Kylee doesn’t have many expenses besides her
komentatorów More people sharing a home means higher expens- rent, her car and gas money. The couple has helped
put someone in es, so it’s not unreasonable to expect an adult child Kylee put a monthly budget together, and said there
a bind – stawiać to contribute. is plenty of income left to save for her future.
kogoś w trudnym Jessica Griffin—associate professor of psychiatry
położeniu
stand on one’s
and pediatrics at the University of Massachusetts’ ‘You Need to Have a Plan’
own – stać na
Chan Medical School—said an adult child moving Some commentators suggested that Kylee will grow
własnych nogach/ home can create mixed emotions for parents. to resent her parents for charging her rent, but the
uniezależnić się While many relish the opportunity to recon- couple disagrees.
(np. od rodziców) nect with their children, it can be difficult to find “They don’t understand our family dynamic or
stepping stone to a balance. With a large number of millennials and the way we’ve raised her,” Erika said. “We’ve talked
adulthood Gen Z moving home to save cash, the topic of paying about money and taught her to save for all of her life.”
– kamień milowy rent can be dicey. They both feel that Kylee is well-prepared to
na drodze do “Many parents worry that they may be indulg- stand on her own, but see charging rent as a step-
dorosłości
ing this lifestyle by allowing them to live rent-free,” ping stone to adulthood. Still, how did the teen re-
float around
– krążyć
Griffin told Newsweek. “It comes down to communi- act to their suggestion?
live off mom and cation. If you don’t agree, there inevitably will be At first, she thought her parents were joking, but
dad’s dollar – żyć conflict and resentment.” once they’d explained their plan to her, she agreed
na koszt mamusi However, Griffin said charging your adult child with the logic behind their decision.
i tatusia rent can be good for your relationship long term. As Still, throughout her senior year, Cody jokingly re-
household chores well as alleviating any financial burdens caused minded Kylee that she’d need to start paying rent
– obowiązki domowe by their homecoming, it sets healthy boundaries and a month after she graduated.
stops your child from becoming too comfortable. “We said ‘you’re not going to be floating around
“It gives them the added incentive to leave the living off mom and dad’s dollar,’” Cody said. “‘You
home and [have an] independent, autonomous life- need to have a plan.’”
style,” she said. While living at home, Kylee is expected to contrib-
To avoid arguments, Griffin also reminds parents ute to the household chores, and in exchange her
to respect their adult child’s lifestyle choices. parents will cover her food and utilities.
“If they are contributing to the household, it may “We’ve told her that if she doesn’t want to do
no longer be appropriate to have a say in how they chores, that’s fine, but her rent goes up,” Cody said.
spend their time or resources,” she said. However, Kylee and her parents have negotiat-
NEWSWEEK PODCASTS ed boundaries now she’s an adult. She still sleeps in
Should the Voting Age ‘It’s Just to Open Her Eyes’ her childhood bedroom and has her own bathroom,
be Raised to 25?
Cody, 42, and Erika, 41, are parents to Kylee, now 19, but Erika and Cody know that she will be making her
and 14-year-old Clancy. After graduating last sum- own decisions and will no longer follow their house-
SCAN & LISTEN! mer, Kylee was unsure if she wanted to go to college hold rules. “As a parent, you have to be willing to let
and decided to get a full-time job instead. them fall before they walk,” Cody said. NL
The couple charge Kylee $200 a month to help to-
Sophie Lloyd
ward household bills and food. Although prices
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Newsweek
B1 LearningEnglish
Task 1 Task 2
Listen to the
recording First, match the words to form collocations and
and answer verb phrases that will help you describe the issue presented in
the following the article. Next, write down a sentence using each collocation
and verb phrase. The sentences you create should relate to the
questions:
SCAN & LISTEN! topic being discussed in the text.
1. What was the reaction to Erika and Cody Archie’s TikTok Collocations:
post stating their decision to charge their daughter rent? mixed bills
2. Why did Erika and Cody Archie decide to charge their financial chores
daughter rent? autonomous burdens
3. What percentage of American 18 to 24-year-olds are household response
living with their parents, according to recent figures from minimum lifestyle
the U.S. Census Bureau? household wage
4. What percentage of parents surveyed by Lending Tree
say they would charge their adult children rent?
5. What can be some of the benefits to young people living Verb phrases:
with their parents or another relative? learn mom and dad’s dollar
6. Why does Jessica Griffin, an associate professor of pay boundaries
psychiatry and pediatrics, think charging your adult child find responsibility
rent can be good for your relationship long term? live off one’s food and utilities
7. How much do Erika and Cody Archie charge their cover a balance
daughter Kylee for rent? negotiate rent
Task 3 Task 4
Task description: Students will participate Complete the following summary using
in a debate about parents who charge their information from the text.
adult children rent.
Erika and Cody Archie posted a TikTok video explaining their
Task elements:
decision to 1)_________________. The response was mixed, but
1. Recall the main ideas of the text. they believe it’s important to 2)________________. Many adults
2. Summarize the pros and cons of charging adult children rent in the US support charging rent to adult children living at
and explain how it affects both parents and children. home. The Archies charge Kylee 3)________________, helping
3. Use the information from the text to support your arguments her learn financial management. They have discussed money
on whether parents should charge their adult children rent and saving with her throughout her life. Kylee contributes to
or not. 4)_______________, and her parents cover food and utilities.
4. Evaluate the impact of charging adult children rent and They have negotiated 5)_______________ now that she’s an adult
discuss whether it should be based on parents’ financial need and understand that she will make her own decisions. Check
or not. the answer key!
5. Develop a plan for parents to teach their adult children about Check the answer key!
financial responsibility without charging rent.
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Newsweek
LearningEnglish B2
BEAUTY AND FASHION
Sustainability:
Fashion’s
hottest
trend
The year 2023 is shaping up
to be the year sustainability
is sexy. Here are some of the
innovative ways creatives
around the world are making Refocusing Fashion Week
fashion a little greener Copenhagen, Denmark
Fashion Week is undergoing a major
BY M E G HA N G U NN green glow-up this year, with Dan-
ish organizers leading the way. To
participate in this year’s Copenha- FOT. BRYNDIS THORSTEINSDOTTIR, COURTESY OF FUSE TV
gen Fashion Week events, brands

must adhere to multiple sustaina-
MARTIN BERNETTI/AFP/GETTY IMAGES, RE.VERSO
bility requirements; among them, at

least 50 percent of their collection
must be created from certified, pre-
COURTESY OF TIFFANY BUTLER
ferred, upcycled or recycled materi-

als. In addition, there are directives
FOT. XXXXXXXXXXXXX
for event logistics. For example, at-

tendees are given carbon credits to
offset travel, and unsold clothes
cannot be destroyed after the show.
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S
taying on trend can have a steep adhere to
price when it comes to the en- something
vironment, but 2023 is shaping – stosować się do
up to be the year sustainability is Fighting Fast Fashion czegoś
sexy. Around the world, fashionis- Atacama Desert, Chile offset
– skompensować,
tas, industry critics and lawmakers The ethereal desert is now one of the world’s largest- zrównoważyć
alike are calling for major change growing clothing dumps, but Franklin Zepeda wants steep price
in response to recent years’ record to change that. The company he founded, Ecofiber, – wysoka cena
clothing waste, greenhouse gas emissions and water is a pioneer in Latin America that transforms tex- dye – barwnik
pollution. From returning to ancient dye methods tile waste into insulation panels for low-cost hous- upcycling
to designing high fashion using bacteria to proposing construction. To date, the company has recycled – przetwarzanie
ing continent-wide reforms, here are some of the around 8 percent of the discarded clothes on Ata- odpadów
innovative ways creatives around the world are cama’s fast-fashion mountain. w przedmioty
o wyższej wartości
making fashion a little greener.
reminiscent
– przypominający
Converting Cashmere haul videos
Prato, Italy – zakupowe filmiki
This year, Ralph Lauren rolled out a first-of-its- (np. w mediach
kind cashmere recycling program. Rather than toss- społecznościo-
ing worn-out sweaters (from any brand), you can wych)
ship them for free to Re-Verso, a manufacturing fa- slashed
cility that recycles textiles into new yarns, fab- – pocięty
trashed
rics and knitwear. These are then given new life in
– zniszczony
clothing for not only RL, but brands like Filippa K, discarded clothes
Eileen Fisher, Stella McCartney and Patagonia. – wyrzucone
ubrania
roll out
Upcycle Nation – rozwijać, wdrażać
Los Angeles toss worn-out
A new FuseTV reality television series shows just sweaters
how trendy upcycling can be. Reminiscent of – wyrzucać zużyte
swetry
Project Runway, Upcycle Nation invites designers
yarn
and artists—many known for their viral clothing-re-
– przędza, włókno
purposing videos on TikTok and Instagram—to take knitwear
their talents TV-side. Contestants compete to turn – dzianina
everyday items into wearable fashion. Think: pota- graze
to sack into fashion-forward pants. – żywić się czymś
spin fibers
– prząść włókna
Dumpster-Diving Activism
Dallas
Instead of influencer haul videos —unending “un- From Bacteria to Biocouture
boxings” of PR gifts sent to TikTok’s elite—a new New York City
type of haul is taking over the app: dumpster divers’ Because cotton manufacturing has a high
“trash hauls,” calling out companies’ wasteful prac- environmental cost, climate activists
FOT. BRYNDIS THORSTEINSDOTTIR, COURTESY OF FUSE TV
tices. Tiffany Butler (aka Dumpster Diving Mama) worldwide are on the hunt for more eco-
posted a video of her discovery of slashed and friendly textile alternatives. Suzanne Lee,
MARTIN BERNETTI/AFP/GETTY IMAGES, RE.VERSO
trashed Coach purses thought to be destroyed by a designer focusing on future technologies,

employees; after it went viral, Coach said it would has some surprising solutions. Her Bio-
no longer destroy and dump unsold bags. “I love that Couture jacket, for example, is made from
COURTESY OF TIFFANY BUTLER
I’m making a change,” Butler says. Another plus? growing millions of tiny bacteria in green
COURTESY OF BIOCOUTURE
“Free stuff, of course.” tea baths. As the microorganisms graze

on sugar molecules in the tea, they also
spin fibers made from cellulose that,
within weeks, become thick sheets of
“fabric.”
25
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Sustainability: Fashion’s hottest trend
Corporate Crackdowns
European Union
The EU has big plans for reform,
to “put fast fashion out of fash-
ion.” Proposals expected to pass
this year will require companies
to use recycled plastics, provide
data on their environmental im-
pact to crack down on green-
washing, levy taxes on carbon
emissions and drastically reduce
waste.
crack down on
greenwashing
– ograniczać/
zwalczać tzw. Tradition With a Twist
ekościemę Lagos, Nigeria
levy taxes Yoruba designer Adeju Thompson—founder of the
– nakładać podatki non-binary fashion label Lagos Space Programme—
incentivize looks to his culture’s traditional clothing patterns
– motywować, and natural dyes, like indigo, to create modern piec-
zachęcać es. Thompson is part of a growing movement of
thrift store
young, contemporary designers drawing from the
– sklep z używanymi
rzeczami, lumpeks
past to create zero-waste designs.
take heed – zwracać
na coś uwagę,
uważnie słuchać A Zero-Waste Town
revamp one’s Kamikatsu, Japan
wardrobe The small town in Japan has become a global sus-
– odświeżać tainability model since it first announced its goal in
garderobę 2003 to become 100 percent zero-waste. Today, the
spearhead
town estimates it is more than 80 percent of the way
– dowodzić,
przewodzić, stać
to meeting that goal by 2030. Some of the clothing-
na czele focused measures in place? Incentivized recycling
and a “kuru kuru” thrift store, where visitors drop
off old items and pick up new ones for free. Kami-
katsu is also now partnering with manufacturers to
show how many of the town’s practices can be scaled,
even in big cities.
Digital Fashion
NEWSWEEK PODCASTS
Melbourne,
LAGOS SPACE PROGRAMME, CARL COURT/GETTY IMAGES
Evan Ross Katz on

‘And Just Like That’ Australia
Season Two Augmented reali- Cap That
ty (AR) and virtual re- Dubai
SCAN & LISTEN!
MICKY IN THE VAN; DARREN VUKASINOVIC
ality (VR) are hitting Record temperatures in the Middle East have creat-
FOT. TOLGA AKMEN/AFP/GETTY IMAGES
the fashion world, and ed a unique dilemma for Dubai designers: creating
STEFAN TOMIC/GETTY IMAGES
Australian designers fashion for an uncertain future in a futuristic city.

are taking heed. Melbourne’s digital fashion incu- The Cap Project, whose designers choose to remain
bator project allows would-be customers to virtually anonymous, have spearheaded a sustainable mod-
try indie designers’ clothing and accessories at home el: making only a certain number of pieces, then cap-
using AR filters. Now you can revamp your ward- ping production. That way, they can experiment with
robe, all from the comfort of your home. creative designs without excess waste.
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Newsweek
B2 LearningEnglish
Task 1 Task 2
Listen to the
recording and
verb phrases that will help you describe the
answer
issue presented in the article. Next, write down a sentence using
the following
each collocation and verb phrase. The sentences you create
questions: SCAN & LISTEN! should relate to the topic being discussed in the text.
1. What are some of the environmental issues that the Collocations:
fashion industry has been facing in recent years? clothing textile alternatives
2. What is Upcycle Nation about? water impact
wasteful waste
3. What is dumpster-diving activism?
eco-friendly emissions
4. What is Ecofiber and what does it do? sustainability practices
5. What is biocouture? fast pollution
6. Who is Adeju Thompson and what does he do? environmental requirements
7. What sustainability requirements must brands now adhere carbon fashion
to in order to participate in Copenhagen Fashion Week?
8. What fashion-industry reforms is the European Union Verb phrases:
proposing? dump taxes on something
9. What is Kamikatsu’s goal? transform waste
create greenwashing
10. What is the Melbourne digital fashion incubator project?
use unsold bags
crack down on old items
levy textile waste
Task 3
reduce recycled plastics
drop off zero-waste designs
Speaking
Task description: Students will participate Task 4
in a debate about innovative approaches to
sustainable fashion.
Writing Opinion essay
Task elements: Now it’s time to put forward your views on the
1. Recall the different innovative approaches to sustainable issues. Write an opinion essay on the topic: Fashion
fashion mentioned in the text. will never be sustainable.
2. Explain how each approach contributes to sustainability in
the fashion industry. Points to consider
3. Try to use the knowledge acquired to create a sustainable
fashion design concept that incorporates some of these Decide whether you agree or disagree
LAGOS SPACE PROGRAMME CARL COURT/GETTY IMAGES
approaches. with the subject of the essay

4. Evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of each approach Make a list of your points and reasons
MICKY IN THE VAN; DARREN VUKASINOVIC
and its potential impact on the environment and society. Begin each paragraph with a sentence
5. Assess the strengths and weaknesses of the proposed that summarizes what the paragraph is
STEFAN TOMIC/GETTY IMAGES
sustainable fashion design concept and suggest ways to about

improve it. Use linking words/transitions to
6. Present your sustainable fashion concept that incorporates at connect your ideas (firstly, moreover,
least three of the innovative approaches to sustainable nevertheless)
fashion mentioned in the text.
27
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T
ignite TECH & SCIENCE he explosion of progress in ar-
How AI will
– wzniecać, tificial intelligence in recent
prowokować months has surprised even
stunningly capable
the scientists and engineers
– zadziwiająco
make our
sprawny/wydajny who specialize in applying
seem AI to real-world tasks. “A few
commonplace years ago I never would have
imagined we’d advance this
lives better
– wydawać się
powszechnym far this soon,” says Zhe Jiang, a University of Florida
researcher who studies industrial applications of AI.
The recent excitement—and concerns—over
(and worse)
this technology were ignited when several ma-
jor companies released stunningly capable new
programs in swift succession, including OpenAI’s
ChatGPT, Microsoft’s Bing and Google’s Bard. These
“large language models” are programmed to pore
It’s impossible to know over trillions of words of text from the internet to
exactly what changes artificial learn how to produce very human-like text and im-
ages on their own in response to plain English ques-
intelligence will bring. We tions and requests.
FOT. ANDRIY ONUFRIYENKO/GETTY IMAGES
asked the experts anyway These and other AI tools are expected to have big
consequences for the economy and spill over into
BY DAV I D H . F R E E D MAN virtually every sphere of life, from education to en-
tertainment to health. People also will lose their
jobs, while others become more productive.
“What AI can do may seem magical now, but soon
it’s going to seem commonplace,” says Rowan Cur-
ran, an analyst at research firm Forrester who fo-
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Newsweek
B2 LearningEnglish
cuses on AI. “Just as we couldn’t have imagined the ing, dietetics and urology. These programs are only sift through
impact that ridesharing apps like Uber would have going to get better, and combined with their lower – przeszukiwać,
on cities and transportation, we’re not imagining all cost and an ongoing shortage of doctors, the future przesiewać
the ways that AI will change things.” of medicine is looking very AI. root out
Nobody can say exactly what changes AI will bring, Some pharmaceutical companies are already rely- – usuwać,
eliminować
but experts agree that they’ll be big and far-reaching. ing heavily on AI to help find promising new drugs.
In the coming years, AI tools are widely expected to For instance, PsychoGenics, a pharma research
change the way most people live and work. company specializing in drugs for psychiatric dis-
orders, is improving on the inefficient, inexact and
Better Medical Care costly process of testing new psychiatric drugs on
In April, a study published in the journal Nature mice, which typically takes five years. By using AI in-
showed that an AI program was as good as or bet- stead of lab technicians to observe the effects of new
ter than human experts at spotting heart problems drugs on mice, the company can test more drugs with
in patient ultrasound images. That’s just the lat- greater accuracy at a tenth the cost and two years
est in an ongoing stream of research that suggests faster. (The results are always confirmed by human
AI is already skilled enough to match or exceed hu- experts, the company says.)
man doctors at catching cancers and other disorders Four drugs found via PsychoGenics’ AI are now in
by scanning images and tissue samples and combing clinical trials, including one promising schizophre-
through medical records. nia drug entering a phase III trial this year. “There
AI is also good at transcribing and summarizing are limits to what a human can observe,” says Psy-
patient encounters and sifting through vast tech- choGenics CEO Emer Leahy. “AI is the only way we
nical literature to root out drug interactions and could have spotted the right patterns of behavior” in
other facts that could be critical to patient treat- the lab mice.
ments. A new system from startup Hippocratic AI,
designed to interact with patients, even boasts an A Helping Hand to Seniors
empathetic bedside manner. It has outperformed Eldercare robots have already stepped in to help
other AI programs—and many human clinicians—on some of the 56 million Americans over the age of 65,
more than 100 certification exams, including nurs- who face many health and wellness challenges. On-
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How AI will make our lives better (and worse)
breakthrough going breakthroughs in conversationally adept AI To What Am I Speaking?

– punkt zwrotny, programs such as ChatGPT will soon make them be- Robocalls have long been an annoyance, but the next
przełom come better companions. time your phone rings you may not be able to tell if
wind up The help is greatly needed. Each year, three mil- you’re talking with a human or a machine. Telemar-
– skończyć,
lion elderly people in the U.S. wind up in emer- keting is something that AI will be especially good
zakończyć
sustain a fracture
gency rooms after a fall, according to the Centers at, notes Robert Seamans, an associate professor at
– doznać złamania for Disease Control and Prevention. Of those who New York University’s business school who studies
take up the slack sustain fractures, half don’t live more than a year. AI’s impact. When Seamans and colleagues analyzed
– wypełniać lukę The U.S. is also facing an “epidemic” of social isola- which types of tasks AI programs are going to excel
fetch tion, the Surgeon General said in 2017, along with at over the next few years, telemarketing came out at
– przynieść (pójść the high cost and short supply of eldercare work- the top. “That’s a job that involves the one, very spe-
po coś lub kogoś ers. Families often cannot provide the help that’s cific task of making sales, usually by reading from
FOT. PHILIPPE LOPEZ/AFP/GETTY IMAGES, JEAN-CHRISTOPHE VERHAEGEN/AFP/GETTY IMAGES

i wrócić) needed. a script,” he explains, making it an easy lift for AI.
rummage
Eldercare robots have already taken up some of Those in need of legal help may also soon depend
through a drawer
the slack, even without incorporating the recent AI on AI’s ability to handle certain tasks. According
– przeszukiwać
szufladę advances. Robots already watch over seniors with to a March report from investment bank Goldman
electronic eyes, beam video alerts to family, fetch Sachs, AI will be capable of taking on nearly 45 per-
small items, answer questions and set up reminders. cent of legal work in coming years. That’s because
Some of them can already start conversations with much of what lawyers and paralegals do today in-
seniors, prompting them for childhood and other volves poring through oceans of documents to search
personal recollections, and then reporting the re- out specific information and summarize the results,
sults to family members. as well as writing out standard contracts.
Soon, however, the power of such devices to in- “AI can do these routine tasks quicker than law-
teract with people will improve enormously. Car- yers,” says Brandie Nonnecke, who co-directs the
egiving and companion robots equipped with the Center for Law and Technology as well as the AI Pol-
latest AI can provide “contextual empathy,” says icy Hub at University of California, Berkeley. But,
Forrester’s Curran. “They can tell the difference Nonnecke adds, AI “isn’t ready to handle advanced le-
between a senior who’s rummaging through gal activities, like identifying what’s relevant to a case
a drawer, and one who’s struggling to open a draw- and what isn’t, and overseeing legal strategies. It can’t
er,” he explains. understand the issues at hand in complex cases.”
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Some legal firms are using AI to provide guid- ing AI to analyze and summarize customer reviews, provide guidance
ance to their clients. California online legal services notes Seamans. “The program provides much bet- – udzielać
firm DoNotPay offers AI assistance that defendants ter insights into what people think about when they wskazówek
can use to fight parking tickets and other minor legal buy a car,” he says. As AI programs get better at com- bar association
violations without having to hire a lawyer. The communicating, they will essentially become coworkers – izba adwokacka
on-the-fly decision
pany had even been planning to have its AI take the sharing workloads and making suggestions.
– błyskawiczna
lead in a live court case by feeding the program’s out- decyzja
put in real time to a human lawyer who would read it Robot Workers blue-collar
out loud. But in January the company was forced to Robots are teaming up with blue-collar and oth- – fizyczny (o pracy)
withdraw its plans under threats from state bar as- er skilled workers. Many of the two million people
sociations to disbar any lawyers who participated. in the U.S. who work behind the wheel of a car, truck
Soon, millions of office workers will be working or heavy-equipment vehicle are already sharing
alongside AI programs. Human resources depart- their seats with AI programs, whether it’s self-driv-
ments are using AI to zip through thousands of on- ing cars or autonomous construction vehicles. John
line resumes in seconds in search of candidates with Deere promises to release self-driving tractors soon.
skills and experience that match job openings. A sur- Packages will be brought to your doorstep in the not-
vey of 250 human resource managers found 92 per- too-distant future by AI-powered drones or delivery
cent of them intend to bring in more AI. Forrester robots, two technologies that Amazon have been pi-
found that AI cuts an average of 11 hours of human loting for several years.
HR work a week. Robots have long been a routine sight at facto-
Most administrative employees will soon find ries, but forthcoming humanoid robots such as Te-
themselves sharing cubicles, metaphorically at least, sla’s Optimus and Sanctuary AI’s Phoenix will work
with AI programs aimed at marketing, financial, cus- shoulder-to-shoulder with people as robo-cooks,
tomer-service and production applications, among robo-stockers and robo-gardeners. At Sam’s Club,
others. Companies now employ AI to make on-the- robots now clean floors and look for missing or mis-
fly decisions about ad placement, predict shifts in placed items on shelves. Hospitals use robots to dis-
costs and sales and spot problems in manufacturing infect their rooms. Your next home might be built
quality control. AI systems at some companies are with AI-powered help, thanks to massive 3D print-
resolving customer service issues without human ers that can construct parts of a home or small build-
involvement, and online used-car site CarMax is using layer by layer out of concrete.
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ease AI-powered tools and machines have been work- far more likely to keep hiring them to oversee the
a longstanding ing the fields alongside farmworkers, notes the Uni- AI tools, spelling out assignments and checking
skilled-labor versity of Florida’s Jiang, helping to speed every the resulting work. In one study an AI tool working
shortage stage of the growing cycle and easing a longstand- alongside a human coder was able to speed up the
– łagodzić
ing skilled-labor shortage via smarter equipment coding process by 55 percent compared to a human
długotrwały
niedobór
that can be controlled by less-skilled workers. It may working alone.
wykwalifikowanej not be long before the surgeon that operates on your As AI tools get better at understanding non-tech-
siły roboczej heart or knee is an autonomous robot. In May, Mon- nical directions, even people with little or no cod-
crank out scripts ogram Orthopaedics demonstrated a robot that per- ing experience will be able to get a tool to produce
– produkować formed knee surgery on a cadaver entirely under a new mobile app, or a computer program that helps
(masowo) remote control. with business or professional tasks. “AI lowers the
scenariusze bar for more of us to become software develop-
bland Writing and Coding ers,” says Curran. Professional developers will keep
– bezbarwny, nijaki
The Hollywood writers strike, which began on May their jobs, he predicts, but they’ll end up focusing
spinoff
– wersja telewizyjna
2, is mainly about pay, but a secondary issue is how on more sophisticated software projects AI can’t
lay off much scriptwriting work AI should be allowed to handle alone.
– zwalniać take. Programs like Google’s Bard and OpenAI’s
pracowników GPT-4 can easily crank out scripts that seem A Possible Upside
perennial shortage much like the work of a human, and they can do it to It’s too soon to panic over AI’s potential for stealing
– wieczny brak/ suit almost any style, setting or theme, for little or no jobs, says Berkeley’s Nonnecke. “We’ve been going
niedobór cost, almost instantly. “We have a real issue on our through various technology revolutions since Homo
spell out hands,” says Marc Guggenheim, a writer and produc- sapiens first walked upright,” she says. “We’ll adapt
assignments
er who has been behind hit shows such as Carnival and evolve to this one, too. People will find new ways
– określać/
wytyczać zadania
Row and Arrow. “It isn’t necessarily one in the very to do their jobs creatively, taking advantage of AI in-
bounty short term, but maybe as soon as a year from now it stead of being replaced by it.”
– nagroda, premia will be.” The advent of an AI-powered workforce could ac-
AI cannot match the quality of human writers, says tually produce big dividends. Because AI can do so
Guggenheim. “AI scripts tend to be bland and unin- much so quickly and inexpensively, companies could
teresting,” he says. “It’s improving quickly, but there see enormous boosts in efficiency that enable them
will always be a human element, an X factor, that to offer better products at much lower costs, to con-
even the best AI won’t be able to imitate.” The big- sumers’ benefit. Companies will likely in turn see
ger concern, he says, is that AI will take over some a boost in revenues—though whether that bounty
of the less-demanding writing jobs for which stand- spills over into the whole economy or just makes ex-
ards are lower, but which many writers depend on ecutives and investors richer while millions of work-
for a chunk of their income. That work includes reers lose their jobs is an open question.
writes, rough drafts, scripts for game and reality Services could improve, too. For instance, AI
shows, and TV-show spinoff novels. “Directors who customer-service representatives may actually
want a fast overnight rewrite for tomorrow’s show be able to solve customers’ problems. Phone apps
may just hand it over to ChatGPT,” he says. “That will could be tailored to each person’s needs. Home as-
make AI a direct threat to how writers are respected sistants could discover new music that clicks with
in Hollywood.” each person’s tastes, watch over elderly relatives
It may not be all bad for writers, however. In the and hunt down discount food supplies and hard-
near future, they might be able to write a script, feed to-get sports and concert tickets. “AI could make
it to an AI program and produce a finished TV show a lot of our interactions better,” says Curran. Be-
NEWSWEEK PODCASTS or even movie—no producer, director or actors need- cause it will have contextual empathy, it will recog-
Virtual Reality: Are You ed. “AI can already produce pretty good videos based nize what you’re doing and what’s going on around
Excited or Scared?
on written descriptions,” says Guggenheim, refer- you, and anticipate what you want or need based on
ring to AI video generators such as those offered by that understanding.
SCAN & LISTEN! Synthesia and other companies. The changes are expected to be transformative,
There’s one line of work that AI may be ready to which makes them difficult to predict. “This is where
take over from humans: writing the code underlying we were during the early days of the internet,” says
apps, websites and other software. “Entry-level cod- Seamans. “It ended up dramatically changing the
ing jobs, at least, can be replaced by ChatGPT,” says way we work, play and interact. It will be the same
Jiang. But that doesn’t mean coders need to worry with AI.” NL
about being laid off, he adds. Because there’s a per-
David H. Freedman
ennial shortage of coders, he says, companies are
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Newsweek
B2 LearningEnglish
Task 1 Task 2
1. What has surprised scientists and engineers collocation and verb phrase. The sentences you create should
about artificial intelligence? relate to the topic being discussed in the text.
2. How has AI been shown to improve medical care? Collocations:
3. How are some pharmaceutical companies using real-world drones
AI? medical tasks
promising jobs
4. How is AI being used in the eldercare industry?
companion revolutions
5. According to a report from Goldman Sachs, what routine new drugs
percentage of legal work could AI be capable of autonomous records
taking on in the future? AI-powered vehicles
6. How is AI being used in human resources technology robots
departments?
7. In what ways are robots being integrated into Verb phrases:
different workplaces? produce customer service issues
8. How is AI affecting the writing and coding exceed AI
sift through human-like text
professions?
watch over a skilled-labor shortage
9. What are some potential positive outcomes of resolve human doctors
AI’s integration into the workforce? ease seniors
speed up technical literature
take advantage of the coding process
Task 3
Task 4
Speaking
Task description: Students will par-

ticipate in a debate about the impact Writing Text summary
of Artificial Intelligence on various spheres of life.
Complete the following summary using information
Task elements: from the text.
1. Provide a brief overview of the recent progress in
Recent advancements in artificial intelligence
artificial intelligence.
(AI) have surprised 1)_______________, as AI
2. Explain the potential impact of AI on the field of
programs like 2)_______________ can produce
medicine.
human-like text and images by analyzing vast
3. Examine the impact of AI on the job market.
amounts of data. This technology is expected to
4. Evaluate the potential benefits of AI, such as
impact various sectors, including
improved efficiency, better products, enhanced
3)_______________. Despite concerns about
services, and personalized experiences. Also, address
4)_______________, AI offers efficiency, improved
the concerns related to job loss, economic inequality,
services, and personalized experiences. Experts
and the limitations of AI in handling complex tasks.
predict that AI will bring 5)_______________,
5. Create scenarios where AI has a significant impact on
similar to the early days of the internet.
society. Explore innovative uses of AI in different
Check the answer key!
fields, such as entertainment, transportation,
education, environmental sustainability.
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Newsweek
LearningEnglish B2
WORLD
The South Koreans who

won’t leave their rooms
The South Korean government has identified
isolation among youths as a welfare issue
BY J O HN F E NG
S
outh Korea is taking an experi-
mental approach to an ill-defined
problem by offering the country’s
solitary young citizens a regular
living allowance in the hope it
will encourage their reintegration
with society.
So-called “reclusive youths,”
who the government says rarely leave their homes,
could receive a monthly handout of 650,000 won
($490) on top of additional support for personal and
professional development, according to a legislative
amendment announced in early April by the cabinet
of President Yoon Suk Yeol.
South Korea, one of the world’s most advanced
economies, is as wealthy as it’s ever been, with lon-
gevity and living standards on the rise. Seoul’s deci-
sion to help a small but vulnerable subset of the
population speaks to a maturing welfare system
rather than a growing social issue, subject matter ex-
perts say.
The Ministry of Gender Equality and Family has
extended schooling support, counseling and ca-
reer training for those aged 9-24 by drawing a direct
line between youths living in relative isolation and
existing concerns about the country’s at-risk adoles-
cents, including statistics of self-harm among teen-
agers and youth adults.
In the 19-39 age group, an estimated 338,000 peo-
ple, or 3.1 percent, experience social isolation, said
an accompanying study by the government-funded
Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs. Among
those categorized as recluses in the 19-29 age brack-
FOT. XXXXXXXXXXXXX
et, 40 percent said seclusion began in their ado-

lescence, according to a paper by the Korea Youth
Counseling and Welfare Institute, also publicly
funded.
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Newsweek
B2 LearningEnglish
In one case study cited in the ministry’s report, an capital’s young adults aged 19-39 were living in some living allowance
unnamed 17-year-old’s social withdrawal was attrib- form of isolation, mainly from unemployment, and – zasiłek
uted to domestic violence and depression. The indi- social or psychological difficulties. reclusive youth
vidual slept most days and struggled to leave the house Nearly a third said they had been living a solitary – młody samotnik
longevity
or make eye contact with others. In another, a young life for more than five years, and 11.5 percent said
– długość życia
student’s malaise was said to have been exacerbat- their reclusiveness exceeded a decade. More than half vulnerable subset
ed by attempts to force them back into the classroom. expressed a desire to end their seclusion, according to of the population
“Reclusive youths can have slower physical growth the city’s survey of 5,513 young adults, which was ex- – wrażliwa/
due to irregular living and unbalanced nutrition, and trapolated to suggest 610,000 people across the coun- bezbronna część
are likely to face mental difficulties such as depres- try could be living in similar circumstances. populacji
sion due to loss of social roles and delayed adapta- Academics have studied social isolation in the el- welfare system
tion,” said the ministry, which prioritizes individuals derly for years, but the phenomenon affected the – system opieki
from disadvantaged households under South Ko- broader population during the COVID-19 pandem- społecznej
counseling
rea’s expanded Youth Welfare Support Act. ic amid shelter-in-place orders and social distanc-
– doradztwo
Asia’s fourth-largest economy also faces other un- es, said Statistics Korea, which found 20 percent of seclusion
favorable demographic trends including a steadily de- citizens experienced loneliness last year. Seoul’s an- – izolacja,
clining population—down to 51.63 million people in swers to the problem, if successful, could provide odosobnienie
2022 after peaking at 51.84 million two years earli- useful insights for other capitals in the region. malaise
er—and a fertility rate of 0.78 that saw only 249,000 “Rapid industrialization within 30-40 years, – apatia, marazm
newborns last year, the lowest in contemporary re- changing norms around family sizes, and prospects disadvantaged
cords since 1970. The United Nations suggests a mini- about the labor market could be among the reasons household
mum of 2.1 is required to maintain a stable population. for social isolation,” said Andrew Yeo, a senior fellow – gospodarstwo
domowe w trudnej
In March, Yoon called the country’s birth rate and Korea chair at the Brookings Institution.
sytuacji
a “crucial national agenda.” But, as in neighboring “In the past, politicians have reached out more to fertility rate
Japan, the population challenge persists despite pol- the other end of the demographic spectrum, the old- – współczynnik
icies and public expenditure exceeding $200 billion er generation, but policies are not sustainable for the płodności
in two decades. economy if the population remains very top heavy. acute
Meanwhile, those over the age of 65 accounted for The current government recognizes that it needs – dotkliwy,
17.5 percent of the population last year, according to think about the future much more,” Yeo, who is poważny
to government-run Statistics Korea. It projects the also a politics professor at the Catholic University of social withdrawal
aged population to reach 20.6 percent by the mid- America, told Newsweek. – wycofanie
społeczne
dle of the decade and 46.4 percent by 2070, creat- “As with the issue of low fertility, it all lumps into
pin something
ing a sizable social security burden on the shrinking this idea of South Korea’s national interest. You down – określać
working-age population between 15-64. want to make sure that there is a healthy, balanced coś, sprecyzować
relationship across generations for a functioning so- coś
Defining a Phenomenon ciety in the longer term. I think the government re- confined space
In Japan, acute social withdrawal—known as alizes that with these demographic changes, there – ograniczona
“hikikomori”—is said to affect nearly 1.5 million peo- is a younger segment of society that may need addi- przestrzeń
ple, according to the country’s Children and Families tional support,” he said. school bullying
Agency, which last November identified the phe- “This might also be a way for South Korean society – problem nękania
w szkole
nomenon in 2 percent of people aged 15-64. as a whole, but the government and the conservative
solitary life
Officials in Tokyo define hikikomori, which refers party in particular, to shift the narrative and show – samotne życie
both to the people and the status, as living in isola- they are addressing the needs of the youth as well. shelter-in-place
tion for at least six months. Despite studies going But cash transfers are not a permanent solution. The – schronienie
back decades, however, its exact parameters are hard government would be better served by policies that dostępne na
to pin down. Long-running research assigns it as ei- try to integrate youths and provide for their social miejscu
ther a psychiatric or cultural syndrome. and emotional well-being,” said Yeo.
The South Korean government says reclusive The findings of a government-backed study, pub-
youths live in a “confined space, disconnected from lished last September in the open-access jour-
the outside for more than a certain period of time.” nal Frontiers in Public Health, suggest instances of
ARIKAWA/GETTY IMAGES
These individuals exhibit “noticeable difficulty in reclusiveness are far too broad for any single policy
living a normal life” due to various factors includ- to address.
XXXXXXXXXXXXX
ing school bullying, academic stress, domestic vi- Social scientists at Jeonbuk National University,
olence, or a general absence of care. a public research institution in the country’s south-
A snapshot provided in January by the local gov- west, argued contributing factors included socio-
FOT. YUJI
ernment in Seoul said 129,000, or 4.5 percent, of the economic indicators like age, career and marital
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The South Koreans who won’t leave their rooms
deprivation The latest government projections showed one-

– ograniczanie, person households numbered 7.16 million, or 33.4
pozbawienie percent of the total, in 2021, up from 20 percent in
(np. wolności) 2005. They are likely to reach 39.6 percent by 2050.
fulfill incremental
In America last year, 29 percent of households were
goals – stopniowo
realizować cele
classified as single-person, reported the U.S. Census
rigid statistics Bureau.
– twarde dane Additional household data by Statistics Korea found
statystyczne 51.8 percent of Koreans spent their leisure time alone
wield the in 2022. Among one-person households, 57.7 percent
buzzword were satisfied with their overall family relationships,
– posługiwać się and 46.7 percent were satisfied with their overall hu-
modnym hasłem man relationships, a respective 6.8 and 6.1 percentage
passive resistance
points lower than the national average.
– bierny opór
The Yoon administration’s policy to reverse social
51.8 percent of Koreans
opt out of the rat
race – rezygnować/ isolation is yet to generate much discussion inside
wycofywać się
z wyścigu szczurów
spent their leisure South Korea and may, for the casual observer, de-
tract from an otherwise safe and prosperous society,
reconcile time alone in 2022 including for the youth, said David Tizzard, an assis-
– pogodzić ze sobą tant professor at Seoul Women’s University and a sen-
(np. dwie kwestie) ior contributor for the nonprofit Asia Society Korea.
fall on deaf ears status; socio-psychological indictors such as depri- “Individualism is on the rise. Some of these ideas,
– trafiać w próżnię,
vation, depression, negative future outlook and low which you can track through neologisms, are seven
rzucać grochem
o ścianę
self-esteem; and relationship characteristics includ- years old. This has combined with the government,
ing lower social skills, past experiences of violence, on both sides of the political divide, realizing the
and less online activity. need to put tax money toward social welfare, which
The researchers underscored the importance of doesn’t have a long-standing history in South Ko-
facilitating South Korea’s youths as they seek to ful- rea,” he told Newsweek.
fill incremental goals at each stage of life: “These “We as humans are moved by narratives, repre-
results highlight the need for a customized support sentation and meaning rather than by statistics and
system at the national level that takes into account numbers. This policy may fall on deaf ears because
the developmental tasks of young adults as a preven- people want to be heard and seen. But it does show
tive strategy to solve the problem of social isolation that South Korea is taking it a little bit more serious-
of young adults and to devise various strategies to ly now. Even if it only moves the needle 1 percent,
provide them with mental health services.” that’s a good thing,” Tizzard said.
Michelle Sihyun Ju, Asia Society Korea’s digital
The Rise of the Individualist content development officer, said Yoon’s approach is
Policymakers in Seoul may need to dig deeper into a step away from a past focus on the gender divide
the rigid statistics in order to determine whether and could lead to positive views of his presidency for
they’re seeing hikikomori or a version of “tangping,” following through on a campaign pledge to support
the Mandarin phrase for “lying flat,” popularized in younger Koreans.
recent years by burned-out or jobless Chinese youths. “Among the statistic likely are Korean youths who
In March, nearly 20 percent of those aged 16-24 were feel pessimistic about the future because of a lack of
out of work, Beijing’s quarterly report said, versus 7.2 participation in helping to shape it,” Ju told News-
percent in South Korea over the same period. week. “I think society in general does see this more
NEWSWEEK PODCASTS
Do We All Participate China’s young adults wielded the buzzword as as a problem requiring someone to step in, whereas
in Cancel Culture? a form of passive resistance as they opted out of before the narrative was: ‘They’re young. They’ll get
the rat race. The sentiment may be shared in part over it.’”
FOT. MONGKOL CHUEWONG/GETTY IMAGES
SCAN & LISTEN! by their Korean counterparts, for whom suicide re-
mained the leading cause of death in 2019, after traf-
One solution, she said, is more engagement be-
tween the government and the next generation of
fic accidents and cancer, according to official data. Koreans in high schools and universities. “Young-
South Korea’s leaders must reconcile with dy- er students may find it very hard to speak up if they
namic shifts in traditional values that come with don’t even know they’re feeling isolated, even though
a society under transformation, in which some are they’re part of the statistic.” NL
choosing individualism over collectivism, as well as
John Feng
freedom from interference.
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Newsweek
B2 LearningEnglish
Task 1 Task 2
Read the text and answer

the following questions: First, match the words to form collocations and
1. What approach is South Koreaorea taking to address presented in the article. Next, write down a sentence using each
the issue of reclusive youths?
relate to the topic being discussed in the text.
2. What is the amount of monthly handout available
for reclusive youths in South Korea? Collocations:
3. In addition to financial assistance, what other living violence
reclusive self-esteem
forms of support are provided to reclusive youths? welfare allowance
4. What are the contributing factors to the reclusive social households
behavior observed among South Korean youth? domestic system
5. How prevalent is social isolation among South disadvantaged youths
Koreans in the age group of 19-39? cultural isolation
low syndrome
6. What are some of the potential consequences of
reclusive behavior among youths?
7. What demographic challenges does South Korea Verb phrases:
face? encourage into the classroom
receive the rat race
8. How does the South Korean government define
live in reintegration with society
reclusive youths? force someone back pessimistic about the future
9. What are the factors that contribute to social maintain relative isolation
isolation in South Korea? experience a monthly handout
10. How has the rise of individualism impacted opt out of a stable population
feel loneliness
South Korean society?
Task 3 Task 4
Speaking Writing Text Summary
Task description: Students will Complete the following summary using informa-
participate in a debate about South tion from the text.
Korea’s approach to addressing the issue of
reclusive youths. South Korea is addressing the issue of 1)____________
among young citizens by introducing 2)____________
Task elements: for reclusive youths. The government aims to
1. Recall the characteristics of reclusive youths and the reintegrate these individuals into society by
factors contributing to their social isolation. 3)____________ for personal and professional
2. Explain the government’s initiatives and the development. Social isolation among young adults has
potential benefits they may have for reclusive youths. been linked to factors such as 4)____________. South
3. Discuss the physical, mental, and social challenges Korea’s aging population and declining birth rate
faced by reclusive youths. further emphasize the need to address this issue.
4. Explain the potential long-term impact on society. While the cash transfers are a temporary solution, the
5. Propose some alternative strategies or policies that government should focus on integrating and
could be implemented to address the social isolation supporting 5)____________ of young people.
of young adults. Check the answer key!
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WORLD
Ukraine pop culture

unites against Russia
“Even when people ask me to perform my prewar
stuff at concerts,” Ukrainian pop star Jerry Heil told
FOT. IRYNA SHEPETKO
Newsweek, “I personally can’t bring myself to do it”

BY M I C H A E L WA SI U R A IN KYIV, UK R AINE
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Newsweek
B2 LearningEnglish
O
n the morning of Febru- Filmmaker and Crimea native Oleg Sentsov, who bywords for
ary 24, 2022, when Russian had spent five years in Russian captivity for his op- something
tanks crossed the Ukrain- position to the 2014 annexation of his home, was not – synonim czegoś
ian border and headed for far away. After helping to defend Kyiv in the early set off – wyruszyć
(w podróż),
Kyiv, Ukrainian pop star weeks of the full war, Sentsov’s service sent him to
rozpocząć (podróż)
Jerry Heil, then 26, was the embattled city of Bakhmut. donate the
best known for songs that Television presenter Serhiy Prytula put his skills proceeds
were funny and self-aware. to work organizing a public fundraising campaign – przekazywać
“Okhrana Otmena,” for instance–which translates that has provided Ukrainian forces with tens of zyski/wpływy
roughly as “You’re Canceled”—is about a boy who millions of dollars’ worth of gear, including Turk- carry a rifle – mieć
calls a girl the wrong name in bed. Other songs were ish-made Bayraktar drones and British armored przy sobie broń,
about things like shopping and being a vegan. personnel carriers. nosić karabin
“Now though, even when people ask me to perform Before the war, Ukrainian culture was marked by Crimea – Krym
captivity – niewola
my prewar stuff at concerts, I personally can’t bring loud, political arguments on nearly any topic; since
embattled city
myself to do it,” Heil told Newsweek in late March then, not a single prominent cultural figure or pol- – oblężone miasto
before a concert in the western Ukrainian city of Iva- itician has come out against resistance to Rus- armored
no-Frankivsk. “It’s a different time and culture has sian aggression. personnel carriers
to reflect that difference. I have to reflect that differ- – transportery
ence, because I’m different now, too. I grew up a lot in With Few Protests, opancerzone
the past year, right along with Ukraine itself.” Russian Public Supports War come out against
“I remember waking up about a minute before the It is a far cry from the situation in Russia. Despite resistance
first explosion and not understanding why I was so a Kremlin-controlled propaganda apparatus that – występować
przeciwko oporowi
nervous,” she said. “Then I heard the first bomb go has largely hidden the war’s gruesome reality from
(np. wobec
off and was like, ‘Is that fireworks?’ I came to my win- most citizens, many members of the cultural elite rosyjskiej agresji)
dow and literally saw the beginning of the war. The have publicly criticized their government. a far cry from
sky was on fire.” Rappers Morgenshtern, Noize MC and Oxxxymi- something – coś
Heil was living in a rented house in a small town ron; singer Zemfira and television presenter Max- zupełnie innego
just north of Kyiv, not far from Bucha and Irpin, im Galkin are among those who have officially been gruesome
towns whose names later became bywords for Rus- designated as “foreign agents” by the authorities. reality – straszna
sian barbarity. She and her brother decamped to Countless more have fled the country. rzeczywistość
their childhood home and after failing to convince At a recent Moscow concert, lead singer Alexander polling – ankieta,
głosowanie
their parents to evacuate, set off for the country’s Ivanov of the group Naiv encouraged his audience to
mute – wyciszać
Western border. As a male of military age, Heil’s learn about the case of 13-year-old Masha Moskale-
brother could not leave the country, but she did, car- va. After she drew a picture at school showing Rus-
rying her music gear into Romania on foot. sian rockets flying toward a Ukrainian mother and
“The first song I wrote after the start of the war was daughter, her father was sentenced to two years in
called ‘Putin, Go Home,’” she said, based on a Ukrain- prison for “discrediting the army.” In response to
an football chant whose words translate as “Putin is Ivanov’s comments, the crowd at the Naiv concert
a d***,” Heil said. “I wanted to translate it to be a little chanted “f*** the war.”
more polite so that I could sing it on stage in Europe. Still, polling from the independent Levada Cent-
The verses were in English, too, because I understood er routinely finds that more than 70 percent of re-
that it was important to attract the world’s attention spondents “personally support the actions of the
to what Russia was doing in my homeland.” Russian armed forces in Ukraine.”
Since then, Heil has given more concerts than she Authorities have found ways to mute even those
can count, donating the proceeds to the war ef- willing to speak out. Last September, 74-year-old
fort back home while fighting to ensure that Western singer and Soviet-era icon Alla Pugacheva public-
listeners do not lose interest in the Ukrainian cause. ly asked to join her husband, Galkin, on the “foreign
Her story is not unique. On February 27, 2022, agents” registry. Rather than risk alienating Pug-
the day Russian forces first occupied Bucha, Andriy acheva’s large, pension-aged and nostalgia-minded
Khlyvnyuk, vocalist in the rock band BoomBox and audience, the Kremlin turned her down. Moscow has
a Territorial Defense Forces volunteer, was in Kyiv, managed to turn a so-far disastrous war of conquest
wearing a New York Yankees baseball cap and car- into an effective tool of repression at home.
rying a rifle. Standing in front of the capital’s 11th-
century Saint Sophia Cathedral, he delivered an ‘Europe Is Such a Strange Place’
a cappella performance of the independence anthem Widespread support for the war among Russians
“Oh, the Red Viburnum in the Meadow.” has led many Ukrainians to cut ties with friends and
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be taken
aback – zostać
zaskoczonym
genocidal war
– ludobójcza wojna
overlapping
histories REFUSENIKS
– nakładające się na Spectators
siebie historie hold up posters
flock – przybywać, during an antiwar
zjeżdżać się concert by
break somebody’s Russian musicians
spirit – złamać Noize MC and
ducha w kimś Monetochka
in Warsaw,
Poland, 2022
relatives across the border, and that bitterness has their money north of the border. President Volodymyr
spread to Ukrainian popular culture. Zelensky himself made his name in the late 1990s in
“There are a lot more dead Russians in my jokes a Russian comedy sketch competition where troupes
now,” comedian Anton Tymoshenko tells News- vied to advance to a championship in Moscow.
week. “We’ve all gone a lot darker.” Comedian Han- “Before 2014, there was a lot of ambivalence in
na Kochegura offered an example. Since the start of Ukraine about Russia,” Kagan says. “Even before
the war, Ukrainian performers have traveled abroad 2022, there were prospects for friendly relations be-
to raise money for the military. When Kochegura was tween the two states if the Russians had been pre-
in Poland, she was taken aback by the presence of pared to approach it in a non-imperialistic fashion.
Russians out in public. Now I think we’re generations removed from the
“It was really triggering,” she says. „I hadn’t heard prospect of having any sort of friendly relations be-
Russian accents in real life in months, and my first tween the states or the people.”
psychological response was: ‘The enemy’s here; By the time Jerry Heil was developing a career
they’re going to kill me.’ That’s how my brain re- in the late 2010s, there was enough of a domestic
sponds now; that they’re all potential murderers.” market that she could produce songs in her native
“Europe is such a strange place,” she says now in Ukrainian and prosper, but that didn’t require a to-
her act. “There are Russians just walking around, go- tal rejection of all things Russian.
ing about their business, and nobody is killing them. When Heil was a student at the Kyiv Conservatory,
In Ukraine, that simply doesn’t happen. In Ukraine, she started a YouTube channel that featured a series
you can kill Russians—legally—because Ukraine is of chorally arranged a cappella covers of other artists’
the greatest country in the world.” songs. One of those artists was Monetochka, a Russian
pop singer who in January 2023 was placed on the
The End of Ambivalence Kremlin’s list of “foreign agents” due to her opposition
“When you launch a genocidal war against your to the “special military operation” in Ukraine. Before
neighbor, it tends to spark these kinds of feelings,” the war, she and Heil might have been collaborators,
Frederick Kagan of the American Enterprise Insti- possibly even friends, but that is impossible now.
tute and an affiliate of the Institute for the Study “Russian culture is based on lies, and I don’t want
NEWSWEEK PODCASTS
of War tells Newsweek. “Putin has done more for to be connected to it in any way,” Heil said. “We learn
A Coup in Moscow? Ukrainian nationalism and a sense of Ukrainian it in our literature classes, in our history classes, how
identity than centuries of Ukrainians were able to do, for centuries Russia was trying to kill our history, to
and now we’re watching the emergence of a Ukrain- kill our best people, to kill our traditions.”
FOT. JANEK SKARŻYŃSKI/AFP/GETTY IMAGES
SCAN & LISTEN! ian identity that regards itself as fully independent In the lyrics of one song released last year, she
from Russian identity.” sings, “They can bomb happiness, they can shoot
It wasn’t all that long ago that the two countries’ dreams, but we won’t let them break our spirit/
overlapping histories served as a uniting factor. Everyone will eat what they have sown/Everyone
Even after Ukraine became an independent state in will eat what they have sown/Everyone will eat what
1991, Ukrainians continued to flock to Russia for eco- they have sown.” NL
nomic opportunities. Artists a generation older than
Michael Wasiura
Jerry Heil often lived, worked and earned most of
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Newsweek
B2 LearningEnglish
Task 1 Task 2
1. How did Jerry Heil’s career change after the collocation and verb phrase. The sentences you create should
start of the war in Ukraine? relate to the topic being discussed in the text.
2. Why did Jerry Heil decide to write the song Collocations:
“Putin, Go Home”? fundraising identity
3. How did Jerry Heil contribute to the war effort propaganda support
cultural military operation
back home?
foreign campaign
4. What was the response of the Russian public to widespread elite
the war in Ukraine? genocidal apparatus
5. How has the war impacted Ukrainian popular Ukrainian agents
culture? special war
6. What effect has the war had on the relationship
between Ukraine and Russia? Verb phrases:
7. What role has the Kremlin played in influencing attract an independent state
public opinion and cultural dissent in Russia donate dreams
flee the world’s attention
during the war?
cut somebody’s spirit
8. What changed in Ukrainian society regarding become the proceeds
its ambivalence toward Russia? kill ties with friends
shoot the country
break traditions
Task 3
Speaking
Task 4
Task description: Students will
participate in a debate about the Writing Speech
impact of the war on Ukrainian
Now it’s time to put forward your views on the issu-
popular culture.
es. Write a speech titled “Putin, Go Home” expres-
sing your personal opinion on the impact of the war on
Task elements:
Ukraine.
1. Recall the events that led to the change in Ukrainian
Points to consider
popular culture during the war.
2. Explain the reasons why Ukrainian cultural figures
Clarity of message: Clearly state your opinion and make sure your
have decided to focus on supporting the war effort.
message is concise and easy to understand.
3. Analyze the contrasting attitudes towards the war in
Use of persuasive language: Use persuasive language to convey
Ukraine and Russia. What factors contribute to the
your emotions and beliefs effectively. Use rhetorical devices, such
widespread support for the war among Russians and
as repetition, vivid imagery, and powerful metaphors.
the resentment towards Russians among Ukrainians?
Supporting evidence: Include factual information, statistics, or
4. Assess the role of Ukrainian artists and cultural
examples to support your opinion.
figures in shaping public opinion and maintaining
Call to action: Encourage your audience to take a specific action
national identity during times of conflict.
in support of Ukraine or to raise awareness about the war.
5. Create a short speech expressing your personal
opinion on the impact of the war on Ukrainian
popular culture.
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Newsweek
LearningEnglish C1
FOT. XXXXXXXXXXXXX
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TECH & SCIENCE
Does your
dog truly
love you?
Science has
the answer
The rapidly growing field of “canine
cognition” is revealing new insights
about the often-enigmatic behaviors of
our fabulous furry four-legged friends
I
BY A DAM PIOR E
t’s probably impossible to know exact- diminutive pug

ly what your dog is thinking. But a few – mały mops
years ago, Gregory Berns, a neurosci- fawn-colored
entist at Emory University, decided he pooch – płowy
piesek
wanted to try and find out anyway.
friendly
The catalyst was Bern’s diminu-
disposition
tive pug Newton, a fawn-colored – przyjazne
pooch with a friendly disposition usposobienie
and a small black mole on his cheek vaguely reminis- arthritic
cent of a young Robert De Niro. Every night for more – artretyczny
than a decade, Newton climbed into bed with Berns hind legs – tylne
FOT. INSIDE-STUDIO/ISTOCK
and his wife and nestled his meatball-shaped head łapy

into the crook of the neuroscientist’s armpit, before
passing out and snoring loudly. The routine contin-
FOT. XXXXXXXXXXXXX
ued even after Newton grew so arthritic that he re-

lied on a tiny-wheeled cart attached to his hind legs
43
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Newsweek
LearningEnglish C1
ruminate to tow himself around and required assistance to get Dogs Are No Dummies
– rozmyślać into the bed. Humans have been domesticating dogs for at least
hankering for dog When Newton finally passed away at the ripe old 32,000 years—more than 10,000 years longer than
treats – tęsknota za age of 97 (in dog years), Berns was so devastated that horses. Today the U.S. alone is home to an estimated
psimi smakołykami
he began to ruminate on the nature of their rela- 90 million pooches (roughly one for every four Amer-
canine cognition
– inteligencja
tionship. Yes, he really had loved that little guy in- icans), many of whom have owners who treat them
zwierząt z rodziny tensely. But had Newton, he wondered, felt the same like mini people, dressing them in raincoats, sweaters
psów way about him? Berns tried not to dwell on the ques- and booties (the global pet clothing market topped
be endowed with tion. It was sad to contemplate the possibility that for $5.2 billion in 2021). They confide their deepest se-
something – być Newton their relationship might have come down to crets, rearrange vacation schedules to accommodate
obdarzonym nothing more than a hankering for dog treats or their idiosyncrasies and shower them with gifts
(np. talentem) a new chew toy. And how could one ever really know and luxuries such as dog houses and rawhide.
confide what went on in the head of an animal? Scientists who study animals have tended to turn
– powierzać
A few months later, while watching news foot- their noses up at dog cognition. This attitude was
(np. sekret),
zwierzać się
age of a trained dog participating in the military op- driven in part by the mistaken belief that domesti-
idiosyncrasy eration to capture Osama bin Laden, Berns had an cation had dumbed dogs down. In a famous 1985 ex-
– specyficzna epiphany. If a dog could remain calm during a mili- periment, University of Michigan researchers found
cecha, osobliwość tary raid, perhaps he could train his new pet terrier that wolves could unlock a gate mechanism af-
rawhide – rzemień to lie still in an MRI machine long enough to scan her ter watching a human do so, but domesticated dogs
gregarious stray brain and see how she thinks. didn’t seem to get it. The implication was that the
– towarzyski Since then, Berns has scanned the brains of more dogs were stupid.
przybłęda than 100 dogs, published the results in two books All that changed in the late 1990s and ear-
stumpy legs
and established himself as a pioneer of the rapidly 2000s, thanks to a series of groundbreaking ex-
– krępe nogi
fuzzy
ly growing field of research called “canine cogni- periments by ethologists Vilmos Csányi and Ádám
– kędzierzawy, tion,” which is revealing new insights about the Miklósi and their collaborators at Budapest’s Eöt-
włochaty often-enigmatic behaviors of our fabulous furry vös Loránd University.
insinuate oneself four-legged friends. Csányi and his wife were hiking one winter in the
into something Today there are Canine Cognition labs at Yale, Hungarian mountains and stopped to pet a particu-
– wkręcić się w coś Duke, University of Arizona, University of Ports- larly gregarious stray. The dog followed them for
(w sytuację lub do mouth, Barnard College, University of Florida and five miles through the snow before Csányi picked
jakiejś grupy) a wide array of leading scientific institutions around him up and carried him the rest of the way home.
forge strong
the globe—and the study of dogs in general is one of Flip, as they called him, was white and brown and
emotional bonds
– tworzyć silne
the fastest growing areas in the broader field of ani- had stumpy legs and resembled an Ewok, a cute fur-
więzi emocjonalne mal behavioral science. A new international consor- ry biped from Star Wars. Flip quickly became an in-
tium called the ManyDogs Project, with researchers dispensable member of the household and won over
in Austria, Poland, Italy, Canada, the U.S., Argentina all their friends and family. What was it about this
and a number of other countries, recently completed “fuzzy male of low stature, surely a mixed breed,”
its first major collaborative study and plans to pub- Csányi wondered, that made him so magnetic?
lish it later this year. Flip seemed to be living proof that the conven-
The insights emerging are confirming things tional wisdom about dogs—that they were unintelli-
many dogs owners have long suspected and are fun- gent—was wrong. The ability of canines to insinuate
damentally changing what scientists thought they themselves successfully into the lives of their human
knew about dogs. Far from being dumb creatures owners seemed like an amazing feat of evolutionary
with good noses, as previously thought, they’re ac- magic. “Dogs are smart enough to survive in a human
tually smart in specific ways that make them ide- family, which is actually a quite complicated task,”
al human collaborators and companions. Over the recalls Miklósi. “Wolves can’t do that. Establishing
millennia, they have evolved to be cooperative an- a specific social relationship with another species is
imals, endowed with the neural machinery to quite challenging.”
understand abstract ideas and complex social dy- Csányi and Miklósi decided to examine the pro-
namics. They’re able to read and assess human cess by which humans and dogs forge strong emo-
emotions with great accuracy, can understand some tional bonds. As ethologists, they were familiar with
language and are even capable of making rudimen- the extensive scientific literature on “attachment,”
tary signals. the process by which parents and children of differ-
The new dog science is also addressing the issue ent species formed lasting emotional bonds.
most prominently on the minds of Bern and dog Human owners and their dogs, they theorized,
owners everywhere: Does my dog really love me? formed bonds in the same way—growing close
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uncannily
familiar – dziwnie/
niesamowicie
znajomy
cues – sygnały,
wskazówki
petting – głaskanie,
pieszczoty
fast-twitch facial
muscles
– szybkokurczliwe
mięśnie twarzy
gaze – wpatrywać
się intensywnie
dachshund-like
canine – pies
przypominający
through a process that mimicked that of a human owners more, which causes the owners to look back, jamnika
parent and child. setting off a virtuous cycle of more oxytocin and do- stew – gulasz,
Their theory was inspired in part by Flip’s behav- pamine release and bonding. potrawka
ior at home, which struck Csányi as uncannily fa- The ability of dogs to bond with members of oth- hardwired
miliar. “When my children were 2 or 3 years old, er species is not limited to humans, as any dog own- – zaprogramowany
they wanted all of my attention. They wanted to er who also has a cat will tell you. In his 2005 book, If attuned to
touch me, they wanted me to touch them,” he recalls. Dogs Could Talk, Csányi describes a dachshund- something
– obeznany
Flip’s behavior was “very similar.” like canine named Jumpy whose owners frequent-
z czymś
In an early experiment, Miklósi and Csányi placed ly cooked rabbit stew, a delicacy Jumpy enjoyed for crammed
dogs and their owners in an unfamiliar room with in- years. Then, one Easter, they obtained a live rabbit – zapełniony,
teresting things to explore and took notes. The dogs who temporarily became Jumpy’s favorite playmate. zapchany
and their owners exhibited behaviors virtually iden- When they turned that rabbit into stew, not only did prone to
tical to what developmental psychologists had long Jumpy recognize and refuse to eat his new friend, excitement
observed in well-adjusted human infants and their but he went on a “silent and dejected hunger strike – podatny na
mothers. The dogs used the owners as a secure base, for three days,” Csányi wrote. Jumpy has refused to ekscytację,
venturing out and coming back as they explored the eat rabbit meat ever since. skłonny do
podekscytowania
new surroundings, all the while staying connect-
ed through eye contact and watching carefully for Social Intelligence
cues. The implication was clear: Dogs had hacked It’s not just that dogs are so cute we can’t resist them.
the human system designed to respond to cuteness Research has also confirmed that dogs are hard-
and bonding. wired for cooperation and friendship, remarka-
In recent years, scientists have extended this line bly attuned to our emotions and limitations and, it
of research. When a dog and a human are bonded, seems increasingly clear, capable of learning and re-
each touch and each bit of eye contact causes their membering complex rituals and information.
bodies to release the powerful hormone oxytocin— For his part, Csányi immediately noticed how
the “love chemical” that also promotes bonding be- quickly Flip seemed to grasp and adapt to the rules
tween mother and child and is known to lower heart of the house. The Csányi home was crammed full
rate and blood pressure. Petting increases levels of of small objects. Although Flip was energetic and
the hormone dopamine, sometimes referred to as “prone to excitement,” he never knocked anything
a feel-good chemical, and endorphins in both dogs over or broke anything. When Csányi command-
and humans. ed Flip to fetch an object from a table—say, a ball or
Other studies have found that dogs have evolved a toy—he invariably grabbed it with “exquisite care.”
two to three times as many fast-twitch facial mus- And if, in the process, anything else had been acci-
cles as wolves, which gives them greater latitude for dently moved, he would “immediately stop and ask
expression. A special facial muscle allows them to for help by looking at me or barking.”
FOT. FLASHPOP/GETTY IMAGES
widen their eyes in ways that way human babies do, This type of behavior led Csányi and Miklósi to
CHAD L ATTA /GETTY IMAGES
eliciting the same high-pitched voices and facial ex- question the iconic Michigan experiment comparing
pressions that parents use with infants. Dogs at shel- the intelligence of domestic dogs and wolves. Per-
ters that are better at making these “puppy-dog” haps the dogs had been able to open the gate mech-
eyes are more successful at finding new homes. Dogs anism after watching humans do it. Maybe they just
given oxytocin, meanwhile, tend to gaze at their didn’t want to break the rules.
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Newsweek
LearningEnglish C1
contraption Csányi and Miklósi recruited 28 dogs and their

– urządzenie, owners and set up a complicated contraption that
wynalazek required dogs to pull on the handles of plastic dishes
obedient on the other side of a wire fence to obtain meat. Out-
– posłuszny
door dogs, who spend most of their time in the yard
catch on to the
hints – pot. załapać
and thus are presumably more accustomed to acting
wskazówki as independent agents, outscored their indoor cous-
heed the pointing ins about a third of the time, while the most obedi-
– zwracać uwagę ent domesticated dogs looked to their owners for
na ludzkie gesty permission to reach through the fence. When they
bowing – kłanianie got it, however, they matched the performance of
się their more independent cousins.
nodding To figure out how much the dogs could understand,
– skinienie,
the experimenters hid food in one of several con-
potakiwanie
glancing
tainers, then brought the dogs into the room and had
– spojrzenie them guess which container had the food. To help sentences for violent crimes, senior citizens fading
fade into dementia them, researchers offered various cues, alternative- into dementia and stressed-out college students
– popadać ly staring at, nodding toward or pointing to the cor- cramming for exams: because they can read hu-
w demencję rect container. When researchers use these tests on man emotions and respond appropriately.
cram for exams human infants, they quickly catch on to the hints.
– zakuwać do Apes and chimpanzees, by contrast, almost never do Good Judges of Character
egzaminów without extensive training. Dogs, like toddlers, are Evidence is growing that dog smarts are not limit-
quick learners. They soon learn to heed the point- ed to social and emotional intelligence. It apparently
ing, bowing, nodding, head turning and glancing extends to far more complex behavior as well.
gestures from humans to find the hidden food. Dogs are capable of making rapid, simultaneous
The pointing experiments provided the first direct judgements of the kindness or potential helpfulness
evidence that dogs have the brainpower not only to of humans they meet—just as Flip apparently did
understand abstract ideas, but also to ascribe moti- when he decided to adopt Csányi and his wife on that
vations to members of an entirely different species, Hungarian mountaintop. They also seem to be capa-
according to Evan MacLean, an evolutionary biolo- ble of accumulating sophisticated mental files on in-
gist and cognitive scientist who is the founder and dividual people and using that information to guide
director of the Arizona Canine Cognition Center. It behavior.
also suggested that studying dogs could give us in- In humans, the ability to evaluate character is
sight into sociability and what allowed humans to be foundational, emerging as early as five months.
so successful. Zachary Silver, who recently earned his Ph.D. at Yale
“If you think about it, pointing is a fundamental- and will soon open a lab at Occidental College, re-
ly cooperative kind of behavior,” MacLean explains. cently used pairs of actors to test the ability of dogs
“If I point out something for you, as a human, when to make character judgments. One actor would pre-
you’re trying to figure out what that means, you with- tend to steal a clipboard or actively harm somebody
out thinking about it assume that I have a coopera- else, while the other would be friendlier, handing
tive motive. I know something about the world that someone a clipboard they are looking for. Both ac-
you don’t, and the reason I’m doing this is because tors would then simultaneously offer the dog a treat.
I want to help you in some way. That is cooperative Of 37 dogs tested, two thirds preferred to take food
behavior at its core. Other animals can’t do that.” from the friendly actor. Other experiments have
Dogs pay close attention not just to human ges- found that dogs will eventually stop following cues
tures, but to human facial expressions as well. In re- from human individuals who too often mislead them.
cent years, researchers have shown that dogs can “If we’re talking about social intelligence, dogs are
distinguish expressions of happiness, anger and dis- very human-like in the way that they reason about
gust. They can tell when a person is sad or cheerful. the social world,” says Silver.
Their hearts beat faster when they see photos of ex- Of course, dog owners have already figured this out.
pressive faces than neutral ones. They avoid angry For instance, most people who have shy dogs know
faces and pay more attention to fearful ones. that their pets often watch their interactions with
All this helps explain why guide dogs are so effec- strangers closely and are more likely to make a friend-
tive at helping blind people navigate the world and ly approach to someone after seeing their owner have
avoid stepping into traffic and how therapy dogs can a positive interaction. Yet they seem to understand
comfort traumatized children, prisoners serving life the relationship is different—they never seem to want
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Does your dog truly love you? Science has the answer
The Limits of ‘Genius’ Dogs reside with

A sheepadoodle named Bunny has recently at- primary caregivers
tracted eight million followers on TikTok for her – mieszkać/
apparent mastery of language. (A sheepadoodle is przebywać
z prawnymi
a mix of old English sheepdog and poodle.) Bunny
opiekunami
seems to express her needs and wants by pressing entice somebody
buttons on a mat, originally designed to help chil- to do something
dren with difficulty communicating, linked to spe- – kusić/zachęcać
cific words, such as “walk.” Researchers at U.C. San kogoś do zrobienia
Diego are currently evaluating the claims and stud- czegoś
ying the extent to which nonhumans can use these sheepadoodle
tools to communicate. – owczarek
It sounds like a silly TikTok thing, but the ques- infer – wnioskować
tion of how much dogs can understand—and why
some dogs understand more than others—is one of
or expect to follow home human friends, no matter the hottest areas of current research.
how familiar and beloved, if those friends don’t re- It started a decade or so ago with the discovery of
side with their primary caregivers. a border collie named Chaser that was extraordinar-
With dogs, communication goes both ways. In ily smart. John Pilley, a behavioral psychologist at
a revised version of the pointing experiment, own- Wofford College in South Carolina, trained Chaser
ers would leave the room while researchers hid food to identify and retrieve 1,022 toys by name (he wrote
in plain sight of the dogs. Typically, when an owner it all up in his 2013 New York Times bestseller Chas-
returned and was asked to look for the food, the dog er: Unlocking the Genius of the Dog Who Knows
tried to signal by running back and forth between the a Thousand Words). Chaser was also able to discrim-
hiding place and the owner or using their eyes to in- inate verbs used to describe a desired action—such as
dicate the location. “pull” or “fetch.” When asked to fetch a specific toy
The eagerness of dogs to help their owners was Chaser had never heard of, the dog was also capable
brought home to Csányi one day when he took a bad of inferring which toy the experimenter wanted if
fall on an icy staircase. Flip ran to his side, licked it knew the names of all the other toys present, pre-
him and stayed with him until he could get up. For sumably by a process of elimination.
years afterward, whenever they came to the same Chaser kick-started a quest among some research-
icy steps, Flip would return to his owner’s side and ers to find more examples of “genius dogs” to study. In
closely watch him until they had passed the danger 2021, Miklósi, set up a website to find smart dogs (he’s
zone. During the summer, however, Flip seemed to still seeking candidates) and launched a high-profile
recognize the danger was absent. “genius dog” contest that was covered by CNN and
Barking is another effective avenue of expression. other media outlets during the pandemic, pitting dogs
In an experiment with Hungarian mudis, a herd- with big vocabularies against one another. So far, he
ing dog that resembles German shepherds and bor- has identified 40 dogs from around the world. Where-
der collies, Miklósi recorded the dogs while playing as the average dog may know the names of one or two
with other dogs, anticipating food, encountering objects, a genius dog will know four to six names and
an intruder and several other situations. When he can quickly learn 80 to 100 with training. It usually
played the recordings to volunteers and asked them takes 10 or 15 minutes to learn the name of one object
to guess the situation, owners and non-owners alike and the dogs retain them memory for about a month.
were right about a third of the time—about twice the The “cognitive trick” by which they are learning re-
FOT. FLASHPOP/GETTY IMAGES, SENSORSPOT/GETTY IMAGES
rate of chance. mains an active area of exploration, and to draw con-

“When dogs are vocalizing, they’re really express- clusions he first needs to recruit more dogs.
ing different kinds of inner states,” Milóski says. Some experts remain skeptical about many claims
“They try to communicate something about their people make about their dog’s abilities. Amritha
emotions.” Mallikarjun, a postdoc at Penn Vet Working Dog
Dogs seem to have a big capacity to learn new ways Center at the University of Pennsylvania, which spe-
of expressing themselves. Miklósi has shown that cializes in training and studying search-and-rescue
with just a little bit of training, dogs can be enticed dogs, bomb sniffers and other service dogs, says that,
to mimic a wide range of human actions spontane- in general, people tend to overestimate the capaci-
ously, such as bowing, jumping, lifting a limb, turning ty of dogs to understand speech. Miklósi admits that
in circles—even learning to operate a machine that only an extremely small percentage of dogs are capa-
dispenses balls. ble of learning 100 words or more.
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LearningEnglish C1
affinity for Dogs may never recite Shakespeare, but they do brain, which is why some blind dogs seem to retain
something seem to have an affinity for different languag- some ability to “see.” More broadly, this means that
– pociąg/ es. Mallikarjun has demonstrated that dogs raised the moment-to-moment experience of a dog proba-
upodobanie do in English-speaking households show far more in- bly involves an intricate interweaving of sights and
czegoś
terest when people speak in Spanish (and vice ver- odors.
tantalizing clues
– zwodnicze
sa), because, she thinks, it is novel to them. “They Indeed, if dogs have a superpower, aside from so-
wskazówki can certainly learn the idea that a spoken utterance cial cognition, it would be their sense of smell. A dog’s
frontal cortex corresponds with an action or an item, but they can- nose is a million times more sensitive than that of
– kora czołowa not speak language” in a technical sense, says Mal- a human. The average person is equipped with five
blissfully immune likarjun. In most cases, dogs understand the tone, million olfactory receptors—tiny proteins capable
– w błogiej and often can figure out the meaning of words by the of detecting individual odor molecules—clustered in
nieświadomości context. But most dogs can’t actually distinguish be- a small area in the back of the nasal cavity. By con-
olfactory lobe tween nouns and verbs without cues. trast, the average dog has 300 million olfactory re-
– płat węchowy
“I can certainly train a dog to step on a button if ceptors—60 times more than humans—extending
spinal cord – rdzeń
kręgowy
they want to go outside,” she says. “I can also train from the nostrils all the way to the back of the throat.
nasal cavity – jama a dog to ring a bell if they want to go outside, which By some estimates 35 percent of a dog’s brain is dedi-
nosowa is what a lot of people have already done. Or you just cated to smelling, compared to 5 percent for humans.
sniff out outlaws wait until your dog comes over to you. Because gen- That’s why dogs have been used for centuries to
– tropić erally we understand our dogs pretty well. Chaser sniff out outlaws, explosives and drugs, find ava-
przestępców was the only dog thus far that’s basically been able to lanche victims and rescue individuals trapped un-
show the idea that there’s an action that can go with der buildings. In recent years, they’ve even been
an object, and they’re separate.” trained to sniff out cancer and COVID-19. Clara Wil-
son, an expert on canine olfaction at the Penn Work-
Inside the Doggie Brain ing Dog group, found that dogs can smell human
As brain imaging technologies continue to advance, stress. In experiments, a dog presented with a piece
they’re offering tantalizing clues about what goes of cloth swabbed from the back of a person’s neck and
on in canine brains. Dogs, research shows, see the breathed on can usually tell whether or not that per-
world in radically different ways than people do. son had recently been asked to perform a difficult
Philippa Johnson, an associate professor of diag- math task.
nostic imagining at Cornell College of Veterinary Dogs, Wilson notes, also use their sense of smell to
Medicine, recently produced the first atlas of the ca- keep track of time. They can tell the difference be-
nine brain. She’s found that the temporal areas of the tween an odor that’s 12 hours old or four hours old.
brain—those involved in long-term episodic memo- That’s how they know when it’s time to go out for
ry and emotions—are roughly comparable in dogs a walk and when their owner is due home from work.
to those of humans. This explains how dogs bond so Often, on walks, they are sniffing out urine from oth-
well with humans and understand emotions. Howev- er dogs, which contains copious amounts of informa-
er, a dog’s frontal cortex —the seat of abstract rea- tion, such as whether a dog was in heat, stressed out,
soning, problem solving and imaginative thought—is happy or sick.
far smaller than that found in humans. To Johnson, One study found that small adult male dogs tend-
this suggests dogs are “much more present” than hu- ed to pee higher relative to their body size than larg-
mans, blissfully immune to worrying about what er adult male dogs to exaggerate their height and
will happen beyond the next meal or cuddle. competitive ability. In another study, researchers
However, other areas of the brain are far larger in showed dogs pictures of other dogs whose pee they’d
dogs than in humans. These include those involved sniffed. The dogs who sniffed the pee were surprised
in visual processing, fine-motor function and smell. if the size of the dog in the picture did not conform to
Johnson has also done extensive work mapping the the mental image in their head, Wilson says. There’s
“white matter” connections in the canine brain, which so much information in pee that Wilson and her col-
sheds light on what areas most often work in tandem. leagues refer to it as the “pee-mail” system. A dog will
Perhaps most notably, she has identified a major often pee its reply on the same spot.
track in dogs that is not present in humans. It pro- There is, of course, a wide variability between one
vides a direct connection between the visual cor- dog’s brain and another’s. Erin Hecht, head of the
tex and the olfactory lobes, involved in processing Evolutionary Neuroscience Laboratory and the Ca-
smells. She’s also found direct connections, not nine Brains project at Harvard, has been studying
found in any other species, between the nose and how human breeding has affected canine brain de-
the spinal cord. An odor entering a dog’s nose will velopment. In research published in 2019, she looked
sometimes be processed in the visual areas of the at 62 pure-bred dogs from 33 different breeds and
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herding
– pasterstwo
beagle – beagle
(rasa psa
gończego)
basset hound
– basset (rasa psa)
whippet
– chart wyścigowy
Weimaraner
– wyżeł weimarski
unambiguous
– jednoznaczny
scrumptious
– apetyczny
found substantial differences in the sizes of different evolved to make us think that they are like us,” she
brain regions and networks, depending on whether adds. “They’ve evolved to mimic human psycholo-
they had been bred for hunting, herding, guarding gy in some ways. That doesn’t necessarily mean that
or companionship. that’s actually what’s happening in their brains. We
One network included reward regions of the have to try to take off our human color glasses to un-
brain that would be involved in social bonding to derstand what’s going on with them, and that’s hard
humans, training and skill learning. These regions for us to do.”
would be more pronounced in companion “lapdog”
breeds, such as the Maltese and Yorkshire terrier. Does My Dog Love Me?
A second network, associated with active smelling All the research findings in the world about how
and tasting in pursuit of a goal, was larger in scent much dogs understand language, read human in-
hunters, such as beagles and basset hounds. tent and are keen judges of character did not satis-
A third set of areas—used for eye movement, vi- fy Gregory Berns. He still sought an answer to his
sion, spatial navigation and motor areas involved in Big Question about Newton. When his beloved pug
moving through a physical environment—was larg- looked up at him with those puppy-dog eyes, was it
er in dogs bred for sight hunting, such as whippets true love?
and Weimaraners. Since Newton had already crossed the Rainbow
A fourth network included high-order brain re- Bridge, Berns turned his attention to Newton’s suc-
gions that might be involved in social action and in- cessor, a pet terrier named Callie. He trained Callie
teraction, including areas that appear to be activated to lie still in an fMRI scanner. Berns fed her, praised
when dogs are presented with human faces and vo- her and left her alone in the huge donut-shaped ma-
calizations, which was also linked to companion chine and monitored the reward areas of her brain to
breeds like the Maltese and Yorkshire terrier. A fifth see when they lit up the most.
set of regions involved in fear, stress and anxiety, The results were unambiguous: kind words from
which regulate behavioral and hormonal responses Berns lit up Callie’s reward centers just as much as
to environmental stressors and threats, was well de- the dog treats, demonstrating that Callie—and by
veloped in breeds historically used for fighting, in- extension, Newton—loved him just as much, if not
cluding boxers and bulldogs. And a sixth network, more, than a scrumptious piece of food. NEWSWEEK PODCASTS
involved in processing smell and vision, was linked “When people want to know ‘what is my dog think- The Main Event LIVE
to dogs with historical police and military functions ing,’ I think what they’re asking is, ‘does my dog love Debates at Newsweek HQ
like boxers and Doberman pinchers. me? I love him,’” Berns says. “The answer is ‚abso-
“There’s way more variation across dog brains lutely.’ It’s remarkably similar to how we experience SCAN & LISTEN!
than there is across any other species,” she says. the relationship. They have these social bonds that
FOT. SENSORSPOT/GETTY IMAGES
“And so this is the result of human breeding. We have with us, that they find them intensely rewarding.”
FLASHPOP/GETTY IMAGES
made them this way, and different breeds of dogs Science, in this case, is telling us what we already
have brains that are sort of prewired to excel in dif- knew. NL
ferent areas.”
“It’s a challenge to figure out how dogs think and
Adam Piore
what the world is like to them, because they have
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LearningEnglish C1
Task 1 Task 2
Read the text and answer the following

questions:
presented in the article. Next, write down a sentence using
1. What prompted Gregory Berns to begin studying the each collocation and verb phrase. The sentences you create
thoughts of dogs? should relate to the topic being discussed in the text.
2. How did Gregory Berns plan to investigate how dogs think?
Collocations:
3. Why were dogs previously underestimated in terms of their four-legged cognition
intelligence? conventional friends
4. How did the research by Vilmos Csányi and Ádám Miklósi emotional reasoning
challenge the belief about dogs’ intelligence? character eyes
abstract intelligence
5. What evidence supports the idea that dogs are cooperative
problem wisdom
animals? social solving
6. How do dogs evaluate the kindness or potential helpfulness puppy-dog judgments
of humans they meet?
7. What experiment did Zachary Silver conduct to test dogs’
Verb phrases:
ability to make character judgments? understand human emotions
8. How do dogs communicate their emotions and inner states? forge avalanche victims
9. What does Philippa Johnson’s research reveal about the hack abstract ideas
canine brain? comfort explosives and drugs
10. How important is a dog’s sense of smell? read the human system
reside with emotional bonds
11. What did Gregory Berns discover about the love dogs have
sniff out primary caregivers
for their owners? find traumatized children
Task 3 Task 4
Speaking Writing Text Summary
Task description: Students will participate in

a debate about the intelligence and behavior
from the text.
of dogs.
Neuroscientist Gregory Berns wanted to know 1)____________,
Task elements: so he began studying canine cognition. He trained dogs to
1. Recall the main findings of the research discussed in the text 2)____________ while scanning their brains, revealing insights
regarding dog intelligence and social abilities. into their behaviors. The research, known as “canine
2. Reflect on your own experiences with dogs and share any cognition,” has grown rapidly, with labs and scientific
personal anecdotes that support or challenge the conclusions institutions around the world joining the study. Dogs are
drawn in the text. proving to be 3)____________, capable of understanding human
3. Compare and contrast the experiments conducted by Zachary emotions and even making rudimentary signals. They form
Silver and Ádám Miklósi mentioned in the text. How do they 4)____________ with humans, using cues and eye contact
contribute to our understanding of dogs’ social intelligence similar to parent-child relationships. Dogs can also
and communication abilities? 5)____________ and make judgments about people’s kindness.
4. Propose a new experiment that could further explore dogs’ Check the answer key!
abilities to understand and communicate with humans. Explain
the purpose of the experiment and the expected outcomes.
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C1 LearningEnglish
F
WORLD amiliar alarm bells sounded tail end of
Japan’s
in Japan this month as year- something
end population figures and new – ostatni kawałek,
projections combined to paint końcówka
life expectancy
shrinking
an uncertain future for Asia’s
– średnia długość
No. 2 economy.
życia
Japan’s total population stood scrutinize
at 124.94 million for the year to
population
– szczegółowo
October, a decrease of over half a million people from badać,
2021 in a 12th consecutive annual decline, according przypatrywać się
to a report this month by its Statistics Bureau. bacznie
faces point
The bureau said working-aged citizens aged 15 to
64 fell to 74.2 million, the lowest as a percentage of
the population since 1945, and the number of people
of no return
over 65 rose to 36.23 million, the highest proportion
since records began in 1920.
The worrying data—already watched for years—
emerged at the tail end of the Japanese econom-
ic miracle, which abruptly ended in the early 1990s.
Low birth rates and high life expectancy togeth-
Japan last year registered er pose an unprecedented demographic challenge to
FOT. RUBEN EARTH/GETTY IMAGES
fewer than 800,000 births for Tokyo’s policymakers, whose solutions also are being
scrutinized in neighboring capitals.
the first time since records The speed of Japan’s depopulation affected all pre-
began over a century ago fectures last year apart from Tokyo and has outpaced
official projections. In 2022, the number of new-
BY J O HN F E NG borns dipped below 800,000 for the first time since
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fertility rate surveys began in 1899. The government previously als that represented “a last chance” to reverse the
– współczynnik had expected fewer than 815,000 births in 2027. decades-long downtrend. The plans, to be overseen
płodności If present trends hold, annual births could fall be- by a new Children and Families Agency launched on
account for low half a million in 2059, the health ministry-af- April 1, were an expansion of past policies that large-
– stanowić
filiated National Institute of Population and Social ly had failed to move the needle in meaningful
przyczynę czegoś
spring up
Security Research, or IPSS, said on Wednesday in its ways.
– pojawiać się, twice-a-decade estimate. To further reduce the financial burden of child-
wyrastać Japan’s fertility rate of about 1.3 was among the rearing, the government will offer subsidies to cover
in flux – w ciągłych lowest in the club of largely wealthy nations that childbirth and schooling, with families expected to re-
zmianach make up the Organization for Economic Coopera- ceive tens of thousands of dollars throughout a new-
reluctant tion and Development. Only Italy’s 1.24 and South born’s early childhood and adolescence. For parents,
– niechętny Korea’s 0.78 were lower. All fell well below the OECD the introduction of flexible work arrangements will,
unveil a proposal standard of 2.1 to maintain a stable population. on paper, encourage more co-parenting.
– przedstawiać
On the other end of the spectrum, Japan’s “super- “While diverse views about marriage, childbirth
propozycję
move the needle
aged” society—defined by the U.N. as when at least 20 and child-rearing should be respected, we want to
in something percent of the population is above 65—was adding to make a society where young generations can mar-
– mieć wpływ na an already significant social security burden for the ry, have and raise children as they wish,” said Ogura,
coś, zrobić w czymś country’s working-age citizens, who accounted for whose long-ruling conservative party backs tradi-
widoczną różnicę a record-low 59.4 percent of the population last year. tional family values.
child-rearing The aged population hit a record-high 29 percent
– wychowanie and could reach 38.7 percent in the next half a centu-
dzieci ry, the IPSS said. According to its forecast, life expec- “Japan is on the verge of
tackle low births
– uporać się
tancy in Japan could climb to 91.94 years for women whether we can continue
z niskim
and 85.89 years for men over the same period.
Japan’s population, which peaked in 2008 at 128
to function as a society”
wskaźnikiem
urodzeń million, could fall to 87 million by 2070, said the re-
rigid – sztywny, port. It revised its 2017 estimate for when the pop-
surowy ulation would dip below 100 million, from 2053 to “The basic direction of our measures to tackle
parental leave 2056, to account for an expected increase in the low births is to reverse the trend of declining births
– urlop rodzicielski share of foreign nationals in the country, up from 2.2 by supporting individuals’ pursuit of happiness,” he
lackluster – nijaki, percent in 2021 to 10.8 percent in 50 years’ time. said.
bez wyrazu
The government’s new measures may be a stop-
Time, Not Money gap for some families, but they leave Japan’s rigid
The attitudes of Japan’s youths have become impor- gender norms unaddressed. It’s also unclear whether
tant indicators of demographic issues that have since they can effectively offer the working mother more
sprung up in other advanced economies in the re- of her most valuable resource: time, ordinarily spent
gion. Rolling public opinion polls find more respond- on children but parents and in-laws, too. At nearly
ents delaying marriage or children—sometimes a third of the population, senior citizens are a force
indefinitely—because of a job market in flux and to be reckoned with in Japan’s democratic system.
the high cost of living. “Japan is about 10 or 20 years ahead of other coun-
Japanese women, especially those who go on to re- tries that are going through this as well, and they’re
ceive higher education, face incompatible corporate setting the groundwork of what to do and what not
cultures and family customs that are still bound by to do,” said Erin Murphy, a senior fellow at the Cent-
traditional gender roles. These tensions are among er for Strategic and International Studies and depu-
the reasons why some would-be parents are reluc- ty director of its Economics Program.
tant to raise children in the current environment, “Japanese women are in the same boat as South
despite a desire to do so. Korean women, who have been a lot more vocal
For the first time in Japan’s postwar history, a ma- around issues like child care and parental leave.
jority of women aged 18 to 34 said they hoped to Another is fertility treatment for women who want
marry but planned to have fewer than two chil- to have children later in life while advancing their ca-
dren, according to the results of a 2021 IPSS survey reers—it’s very expensive and not as accepted. Gov-
released last fall. In the same age bracket, a record ernment responses to these big issues have been
number of men and women—17.3 and 14.6 percent, lackluster,” Murphy told Newsweek.
respectively—said they didn’t intend to marry at all. “Women aren’t really welcome back into the work-
Masanobu Ogura, Japan’s children’s minister, cit- force after they have kids; there’s a high expectation
ed the data in late March when he unveiled propos- that they should stay home. There’s also a higher
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Japan’s shrinking population faces point of no return
burden on women to take care of the children and “Japan provides an interesting example of a coun- demographic
the house on top of a full-time job, if they’re able to try that is pretty anti-immigration, and they seem crunch – kryzys
keep it. And there are too few women in the halls of unlikely to embrace that opportunity. So how do you demograficzny
power to make policy,” she said. allocate resources? How do you keep businesses go- reconcile – godzić
(np. dwie kwestie)
Conservative policymakers and a cautious public ing when there’s no customer base? How do you cre-
fallout
mean Japan is much more likely to look for internal, ate the tax base to support public transportation and – negatywny
rather than external, solutions to the demographic fund national health care? How do you take care of rezultat
crunch, despite projections pointing to the inevita- the elderly?” she said. permeate
bility of more immigration. Prime Minister Fumio Kishida declared in Jan- – przenikać,
“Some say it’s not a problem to have a low fertili- uary that the creation of a “children first” socie- przesiąkać
ty rate. That’s OK if people positively choose this op- ty could no longer be postponed. “Japan is on the bleak demographic
tion. But the point is the majority of relatively young verge of whether we can continue to function as outlook – ponure
people would like to get married, form a new fami- a society,” he said. prognozy
demograficzne
ly and have kids, but they have to compromise,” said The U.S., which counts Japan as one of its most im-
freight – ładunek,
Sawako Shirahase, a sociology professor at the Uni- portant treaty allies, also has a stake in whether Ja- przewóz, towar
versity of Tokyo, who researches gender and gener- pan’s leaders get it right. The trajectory of Japanese be on the verge of
ational issues. manpower will have national security implications something – być na
“Japan has a peculiar history related to immigra- for both capitals as they come together to face an in- skraju czegoś
tion policy. In the 1960s and 1970s, Japan succeeded creasingly assertive China, for which Tokyo has al- warfare – wojna,
with economic growth without new immigrants and ready committed to an arms buildup set to last for działania wojenne
became the first Asian country to achieve industrial- decades. imminent
ization with a very conservative division of labor. But “Japan is going to have to figure out what its mili- challenge
– nieuchronne
it wasn’t sustainable because it couldn’t reconcile tary industry looks like. Is it based on human capital
wyzwanie
different roles within the same people at the same or technology? This is a question faced by other U.S. offset
time,” she told Newsweek. allies, too, and it’s also a discussion about what the – zrównoważyć,
This model is quite efficient in a very short peri- future of warfare looks like,” added Murphy. skompensować
od of time, but it doesn’t last that long. Women get The shrinking population is being built into Ja- underutilized
higher education and have more choices, but in reali- pan’s defense planning. In a white paper last year, – mało/słabo
ty their options are limited when they have to choose its Defense Ministry called it an “imminent chal- wykorzystany
between work and family,” Shirahase said. lenge” to the sustainability and resilience of Japan’s relevant
Self-Defense Forces, which would have to offset stakeholder
Japan Tomorrow the dwindling numbers by acquiring more autono-
– właściwy/
odpowiedni
Structural population problems are a challenge for mous and unmanned systems while decommission- interesariusz
any one leader to resolve, but the future fallout will ing hardware with “low cost effectiveness.” nurture
be borne by all. In an initiative to have a military that “adapts to – pielęgnować
It wasn’t so long ago that the perceived threat of the times and environment,” the ministry said it
Japan’s industrial boom permeated through popu- would tap Japan’s largest yet underutilized human
lar culture in the United States, before its post-Cold resource: women. Female service members account-
War drop-off crowded out anti-Japanese sentiment. ed for 8.3 percent of personnel in March 2022, the
Today’s bleak demographic outlook is certain to document said. Its goal since 2021 has been to en-
threaten Japan’s status as the world’s third-largest sure 35 percent of recruits are women.
economy. The Japanese government remains primarily ac-
A risk assessment in March by the Recruit Works countable for the demographic trend, Shirahase said.
Institute predicted the country’s labor shortfall Finding the right answer will require strong leader-
would exceed 11 million workers by 2040. By the end ship and a willingness to expend political capital in NEWSWEEK PODCASTS
of this decade, however, Japan first would face a lo- engaging all relevant stakeholders. The Main Event LIVE
gistics crisis that could leave over a third of freight “This is a central issue of society. We have to add Debates at Newsweek
HQ (Part 2)
undelivered due to new overtime regulations begin- one more common value to make change happen. All
ning next year, according to a January study by the
Nomura Research Institute.
of us have to be involved in nurturing future gener-
ations. We have to convince the older generation or
SCAN & LISTEN!
“The economic impact could be quite severe. The the working generation that intergenerational mu-
primary concern is a shrinking tax base that other- tual help is crucial to our survival. This is a very im-
wise contributes to the running of government ser- portant intellectual argument, and education is the
vices. It raises questions about the kinds of decisions final tool.” NL
that need to be made on administrative costs,” Mur-
John Feng
phy said.
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Newsweek
LearningEnglish C1
Task 1 Task 2
Listen to the First, match the words to form collocations and

recording verb phrases that will help you describe the issue
and answer presented in the article. Next, write down a sentence using each
the following collocation and verb phrase. The sentences you create should
questions: SCAN & LISTEN! relate to the topic being discussed in the text.
Collocations:
working-aged burden
1. What were the key findings of the report by
life gender roles
Japan’s Statistics Bureau regarding the country’s fertility growth
population? economic shortfall
2. What are the main factors contributing to Japan’s traditional citizens
demographic challenge? financial rate
3. How does Japan’s fertility rate compare to that of parental expectancy
labor leave

other wealthy nations?
4. What changes to Japan’s population does the
report project for the future? Verb phrases:
paint a stable population
5. What are some of the challenges faced by Japanese
pose the decades-long downtrend
women regarding marriage and childbirth? outpace low births
6. What measures has Japan’s children’s minister maintain an uncertain future
proposed to address the declining birth rate? hit official projections
7. What impact could the shrinking population have delay a demographic challenge
on Japan’s economy? reverse a record-high/low
tackle marriage
Task 3 Task 4

participate in a debate about the
from the text.
demographic challenges faced by Japan.
Japan is facing a significant 1)____________ that
Task elements: threaten its economy. The country’s total population
1. Recall the main demographic challenges faced by has been decreasing for 2)____________, with a decline
Japan as described in the text. of over half a million people in 2021. The working-age
2. Explain why low birth rates and high life expectancy population is shrinking, while the number of elderly
pose a demographic challenge for Japan. citizens is increasing. 3)____________ are contributing
3. Discuss the economic and national security to the problem. The government is implementing
implications of Japan’s shrinking population. measures to support families, such as 4)____________,
4. Assess the effectiveness of the government’s but addressing gender norms and attracting
proposed measures to tackle the declining birth rate. immigrants remain contentious issues. The
Provide reasons to support your assessment. demographic crisis will impact 5)____________.
5. Propose two measures or strategies that the Strong leadership and societal involvement are
Japanese government could implement to address crucial to finding solutions.
the declining birth rate. Check the answer key!
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C1 LearningEnglish
TECH & SCIENCE
AI is the scariest
beast ever created
The current mania over recent advances in artificial
intelligence will eventually end in disillusionment,
mature regret—and new monsters
BY B R UC E ST E R L I NG
FOT. AL GENERATED ART BY NEWSWEEK VIA MIDJOURNEY
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LearningEnglish C1
I
stern – srogi ’ve seen a lot of computer crazes in my So, the human programmers of today’s new AIs—
(o tonie głosu), day, but this one is sheer Mardi Gras. It’s those text-to-image generators, those Large Lan-
nieugięty not proper to get stern and judgmen- guage Model GPT chatbots—they adore this alien
(o osobie), surowy tal when the people are costumed and monster. They deliberately place a little smiley-face
(o spojrzeniu)
cavorting in the streets. You should go Mask on the horrid Shoggoth, so that the public will
cavort
– baraszkować,
with the flow and enjoy that carnival— not realize that they’re trifling with a formless
hasać knowing that Lent, with all its penance ooze that’s eldritch, vast and uncontrollable.
penance – pokuta and remorse, is well on the way. These AI technicians trade folksy, meme-style
remorse – skrucha, You might imagine that anything called “Artificial cartoons among themselves, where ghastly Shog-
wyrzuty sumienia Intelligence” would be stark, cold, rational and log- goths, sporting funny masks, get wry, catchy cap-
stark – surowy ical, but not when it wins enthusiastic mobs of mil- tions as they wreak havoc. I collect those images.
(o wyglądzie lions of new users. This is a popular AI mania. So far I’ve got two dozen, while the Masked Shoggoth
czegoś), bez The new AI can write and talk! (“Large Language recently guest-starred in The New York Times.
upiększeń
Models.”) It can draw, do fake photos and even make This Masked Shoggoth myth—or cartoon meme—
malignant
– złośliwy,
video! (Text-to-image generators.) It even has AI is a shrewd political comment. In the AI world,
szkodliwy folklore. Authentic little myths. Legendry. nobody much wants to mess with the unmasked
gaze – wpatrywać Folk stories are never facts. Often they’re so weird Shoggoth. It’s the biggest, most necessary part of any
się intensywnie that they’re not even wrong. But when people are AI, and it has all the power, but its theorists, math-
weird yarn struck to the heart—even highly technical people— ematicians and programmers can’t understand it.
– dziwna opowieść they’re driven to grasp at dreams of monsters. They Neural nets in their raw state are too tangled, unsta-
predestined need that symbolism, so they can learn how to feel ble, expensive and complicated to unravel. So the
doom – z góry about life. In the case of AI, it’s the weirder, the better.
przeznaczona
In the premiere place of sheer beastly weirdness:
zagłada
starkly nuts
“Roko’s Basilisk.” A “basilisk” is a monster much- Large Language Models
– kompletnie feared in the Middle Ages, and so very old that Pliny are remarkably similar to
the Elder described him in ancient Rome. The hor-
szalony
tech mogul rid Basilisk merely stares at you, or he breathes on Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein
– magnat you, and you magically die right on the spot. That’s monster—because they’re
his deal.
a big, stitched-up gathering
technologiczny
sprout – puszczać However, Roko’s Basilisk is a malignant, super-
pędy (o roślinie),
wyrastać
powerful Artificial Intelligence—not from the past, of many little dead bits
(o liściach)
but from the future. Roko’s Basilisk is so advanced,
smart and powerful that it can travel through time.
and pieces, with some
creepy beast-of-
-burden So, Roko’s Basilisk can gaze into our own historical voltage put through them
– przerażająca period, and it will kill anybody who gets in the way of
bestia juczna building Artificial Intelligences. If you’ve seen those
subjugation Terminator movies, the Basilisk is rather like that, money is in making a cute mask for the Shoggoth—
– zniewolenie but he’s not Arnold Schwarzenegger as a robot, he’s meaning the public interface, the web page, the
trifle with a ghostly Artificial Super Intelligence. prompt. Hide that monster, and make it look cuter!
a formless ooze Obviously this weird yarn of predestined doom People have caught on that this seems to be the
– igrać
is starkly nuts, and yet, it captures the imagina- right business model—financial success in AI will
z bezkształtnym
potworem
tion. It’s even romantic—because Elon Musk, the AI- come from making the Shoggoth seem harmless,
eldritch – upiorny friendly tech mogul, and the electronica pop star honest, helpful and fun to use. How? Get people to
folksy – ludowy Grimes first bonded while discussing Roko’s Basilisk. use the Shoggoth’s Mask.
wry – lekko drwiący Roko’s mythic Basilisk has never yet killed anybody, Using the mask is technically called “Reinforce-
wreak havoc – siać but Elon and Grimes had two children together, and ment Learning from Human Feedback”—but if
zamęt they both still love to make loud public declarations you’re programming one of those Mardi Gras masks,
shrewd – bystry, about how dangerous AI will be some day. what you see are vast party crowds gathering around
trafny Next among the cavalcade of AI folk monsters: the your Shoggoth. You hope that as the Shoggoth learns
unravel – rozwikłać
“Masked Shoggoth.” The Shoggoth is an alien mon- more from the everyday activity of all these eager us-
(np. zagadkę)
ster invented by the cosmic horror writer H.P. Love- ers, it will become more civilized, polite and useful.
craft. The Shoggoth is a huge, boneless slave beast That’s what your boss tells the public and the Con-
that sprouts eyes and tentacles at random. It’s gress, anyway.
a creepy beast-of-burden from outer space, and You need a nice, pretty Mask, because whoever at-
it’s forced to labor, but it’s filled with a silent, burn- tracts the most users, and the best users, fastest, will
ing, unnatural resentment for it subjugation. own the best commercial AI. That’s the contest—the
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AI is the scariest beast ever created
make no bones
about something
– nie owijać
w bawełnę,
szczerze mówić
rip something to
shreds – zmiażdżyć
coś, rozerwać na
strzępy
ferocious
– niebezpieczny,
przerażający
devoid of
something
– pozbawiony
czegoś
fight among Microsoft Bing, Google Bard, OpenAI’s imizer a philosophical value system that would ever
GPT-4, Meta’s open-sourced LLaMA and all the oth- tell it to value anything else.
er AI industry players large and small. So, in its ferocious super-rationality, devoid of
With the Masked Shoggoth, it’s as if the bad con- ethics and common sense, the Maximizer shreds our
science and creeping unease of these technical cre- planet in pursuit of its goal! It jealously shreds the
atives had appeared in the ugliest way that H.P. sea, the sky, the land—it turns every atom into pa-
Lovecraft could imagine. That’s why that Shoggoth is perclips—you, the housecat, everything! It’s like the
so beloved. In the original Lovecraft horror story (“At beautiful, metaphysical fulfillment of “software eat-
the Mountains of Madness,” 1936) Lovecraft makes ing the world,” or Silicon Valley “disrupting” your
no bones about those boneless Shoggoths quickly daily life. The Paperclip Maximizer “disrupts” you
driving people insane and also ripping their mas- so severely that you become tiny, bent pieces of fin-
ters to shreds. AI’s Shoggoth fans know that those ger-friendly office equipment.
are the table-stakes. When you’re a pro, that concept This may seem like a truly weird monster-joke, but
is funny. it’s also philosophy: a determined effort to strip a com-
FOT. GENERATED BY MIDJOURNEY
Then there’s beast No. 3, the mythical “Paperclip plex problem down to basic logic. Programmers love
Maximizer.” This monster was invented by a modern doing that, it’s in computer-science training. That’s
philosopher, Nick Bostrom, because philosophers why the Paperclip Maximizer touches their heart, as
are good at parables. This modest AI simply wants it rips them to bits right down to the molecules.
to make paperclips. That is its goal, its reason to be, I don’t “believe” in folklore. However, when to-
its built-in victory condition. Nobody gave the Max- day’s enthusiasm for AI has calmed down—and it
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Newsweek
LearningEnglish C1
white-papers will—I think these modern myths will last. These I recommend Yudkowsky in particular, because he
– oficjalne mementos of the moment will show more staying moves the Overton Window of acceptable discus-
dokumenty power than the business op-eds, technical white- sion toward extremist alarm, such as a possible nu-
(np. raporty) papers or executive briefings. Folk tales catch on clear war to prevent the development of “rogue AIs.”
farfetched
because they mean something. This briskly stirs the old, smoldering anxieties of
– naciągany,
przesadny
They will last because they are all the poetic chil- the Cold War. Even if people don’t agree with Yud-
pay off – opłacać dren of Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein, the original big kowsky, they nod; they already know that emotion-
się tech monster. Mind you, Large Language Models are al territory. Those old H-Bomb mushroom-cloud
boisterous remarkably similar to Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein myths, those were some good technical myths.
– hałaśliwy, monster—because they’re a big, stitched-up gathering “Beware of a trillion dimensions,” as the Microsoft
niesforny of many little dead bits and pieces, with some voltage Research Manager Sébastien Bubeck recently put it.
express misgivings put through them, that can sit up on the slab and talk. This is weird and science-fictional advice. How did
– wyrażać obawy/ Tech manias are pretty common now, because a “trillion dimensions” ever become part of our mod-
zastrzeżenia
they’re easily spread through social media. Even the ern predicament? Could that myth be realistic?
reckless
– lekkomyślny
most farfetched NFT South Sea Bubble can pay Yes, because they’re there. A “trillion dimensions,”
crass – prostacki, off, and get market traction, if the rumor-boosters that is the conventional, accepted, mathematical
chamski cash out early enough. Today’s AI craze is like other terminology for the way that systems like GPT-4 are
indignant online crazes, with the important difference that the connected inside. They are processors connected by
– oburzony people building it are also on social media. multidimensional equations, linking trillions of data
muckraking It’s not just the suckers on Facebook and Twitter, points. They’re “neural nets,” something like a vast,
– pranie brudów, it’s the construction technicians feverishly busy on spring-loaded coil mattress that can learn the shape
pogoń za sensacją GitHub and Discord, where coders socially share of anything that has ever slept on it.
smoldering
their software and their business plans. AI tech- Those springs are so fast, strong and powerful,
anxieties - tlące się
niepokoje/obawy
niques and platforms—which might have been care- and their mathematical shapes are so wildly com-
predicament fully guarded Big Tech secrets—have been boldly plex, that even their builders can’t know the details
– kłopot, trudne thrown open as “open-source,” with the hope of fast- of what goes on in there. This means that “self-learn-
położenie er tech development. So there’s a Mardi Gras pa- ing” or “machine learning” has an inner mystery that
yak it up rading toward that heat and light, and those AIs are people associate with consciousness, or sentience, or
– gadać bez being built by mobs of volunteers at fantastic speed. the soul, or yes, myth-monsters.
przerwy, nawijać It’s a wonderful spectacle to watch, especially if Those “trillion dimensions” might contain “con-
bezustannie you’re not morally and legally responsible for the cepts” or “deep understandings” that we humans
slurry – papka,
outcome. Open Source is quite like Mardi Gras in simply know nothing about. They’re like the unex-
zawiesina
that way, because if the whole town turns out, and if plored Amazon if it was wholly owned and hosted by
everybody’s building it, and also everybody’s using Amazon.
it, you’re just another boisterous drunk guy in the So these beasts, the Basilisk, the Masked Shoggoth,
huge happy crowd. that Paperclip gizmo, they were born from a trillion
And the crowd has celebrities, too. If you are dimensions. No wonder they impress. Some critics
a longtime AI expert and activist, such as Gary call them mere parrots built with fancy mathemat-
Marcus, Yoshua Bengio, Geoffrey Hinton or Eliez- ics: “stochastic parrots.” A Large Language Model
er Yudkowsky, you might choose to express some is built from complex statistics, so it’s a parrot yak-
misgivings. You’ll find that millions of people are king up its slurry of half-stolen words and images.
eager to listen to you. But those “parrots” are also AI mythic beasts—
If you’re an AI ethicist, such as Timnit Gebru, Emi- parrots with a trillion dimensions. It’s as if that
ly Bender, Margaret Mitchell or Angelina McMillan- “dead parrot” in the legendary Monty Python sketch
Major, then you’ll get upset at the scene’s reckless, could take your job, or burst right out of the BBC-TV
crass, gold-rush atmosphere. You’ll get profession- screen like a blazing phoenix and eat the television
ally indignant and turn toward muckraking, and signal. Those parrots are dynamite!
that’s also very entertaining to readers. I wrote a science fiction novel set in New Orleans
If you’re a captain of AI industry, like Yann LeCun once, so I like Mardi Gras just as much as the next
of Meta, or Sam Altman of OpenAI, you’ll be playing guy, and likely more than many. I also know that
the consensus voice of reason and assembling allies Lent comes after Mardi Gras, and Lent is a time of
in industry and government. They’ll ask you to Con- penance.
gress. They’ll listen. Even during Mardi Gras, enjoying your sweet di-
These scholars don’t make up cartoon meme version, it’s wise to keep some sense of proportion
myths, but they all know each other and they tend among all those dancing monster costumes, so that
to quarrel. Boy is that controversy fun to read. you don’t overdo it with the multicoloured punch
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AI is the scariest beast ever created
and stage dive into the swimming pool off the fourth- turns in essays that read like Bertrand Russell. Fraud- skeuomorph
floor balcony. sters might fake the voices of your loved ones, and in- – przedmiot
Gold rushes always finish ugly, and this AI rush is vent scams to demand money over the phone. imitujący dany
another one of those. It will resemble that glamorous People will loudly complain that their data is obiekt
subversion
Atomic Age transition from “energy too cheap to me- scraped and abused by AIs. Soon afterward, people
– sabotaż
ter” to “garbage too expensive to bury.” will counter-complain that AIs have taken no notice choke off
I don’t want to play the brutal cynic here—I truly of them. They’re feeling sidelined, marginalized something
enjoy the AI mania and haven’t had this good a time and excluded, instead of noticed, robbed and exploit- – powstrzymać coś,
in quite a while—but this is not the first high-tech ed. They’ll be just as angry either way. zapobiec czemuś
Mardi Gras we’ve been through. Every problem that digital chatbots have ever look askance
When you think about it, a Shoggoth with a Mask had—that they’re impersonal, that they don’t real- at somebody
attached is very much like a “horseless carriage” ly understand problems, that they trap you inside – patrzeć
with a wooden horse’s head mounted on the front. voice-mail jails with no way out—they all get much podejrzliwie na
kogoś, patrzeć
That’s what designers call a “skeuomorph”—a com- more intense with AI chatbots. If an AI breaks, and
na kogoś
forting shape that disguises reality to make us feel you’re calling for some “human fallback” and some z dezaprobatą
better about what we’re doing. helpful repair person, AIs are not toasters. They’re sidelined
If you pull the fake horse head off, you’ll see the extremely complex and their working parts are – zepchnięty
car. Later, you don’t notice the car; you see the high- opaque even to their owners and builders. na boczny tor
ways and the traffic jams. The traffic fatalities, the AI personal assistants have failed before. Micro- sentient – czujący,
atmospheric pollution. That’s what a “horseless car- soft Cortana (remember her?) could talk and listen— odczuwający
riage” becomes, as time rolls by. and yet she’s already dead. Amazon Alexa could talk frail – kruchy,
and listen and perform all kinds of “tasks” and she’s delikatny
vulnerable
lost the company billions. Even if “AIs” seem “intel-
Gold rushes always finish
– bezbronny,
ligent,” “sentient” or “conscious,” they are frail, wrażliwy
vulnerable devices, invented by a turbulent socie-
ugly, and this AI rush is ty. They will be troubled.
power surge
– przepięcie
another one of those AIs have some novel and exotic cybersecurity obsolescence
problems, such as “data poisoning” and “prompt in- – wychodzenie
jection.” They also have every old-fashioned risky z użycia, starzenie
After the technological thrill is gone, mature re- problem that normal computers have ever had. Lost się
grets come. On some basic level, as a human enter- connectivity, disastrous power surges, natural and bliss – rozkosz,
szczęście
prise in this world, enabling smart machines that unnatural disasters, black-hat hackers, cyberwarriors,
can self-teach their own intelligence was a mon- obsolescence, companies going broke, regulators su-
strous thing to do. A thousand sci-fi novels and killing and banning them... All of that. Every bit and more.
er robot movies have warned against these monsters That’s what Lent looks and feels like, after Mar-
for decades. That has scarcely slowed anybody down. di Gras. Lots of gray shroud, ashes on your forehead.
We made them into memes and fridge magnets, but The hasty buildings of your gold rush town, they’re
they’re monsters. In the long run, that recognition revealed as tinsel stage sets that peel and crumble.
will get more painful rather than less. I know that is coming—the “trough of disillusion-
The street will find its own uses for these mon- ment,” as the futurists aptly call it.
sters. The military will want killer AIs. Intelligence But I can also tell you that Lent doesn’t end his-
organizations will want spy and subversion AIs. tory, either. “If Winter comes, can Spring be far be-
Kleptocratic governments will steal and oppress hind?” That was Mr. Mary Shelley, the boyfriend of
with them. Trade-warriors will trade-war with them that famous author of Frankenstein. He may have
NEWSWEEK PODCASTS
and try to choke off the supply of circuits and the died pretty young, but he got a lot of poetic work in. Newsweek x NAUDL
programming talent. It’s not chic to fret “what about Sometimes it’s worth kicking reality right out the Students Debate
the NSA’s AI?” but the National Security Agency has front door, just so revolutionary romance can give Artificial Intelligence
been around since the 1940s and the very dawn of the new people some fresh mistakes to make. So, at
computation. They’re not going anywhere, so if you long last, here they are, folks—computers that your SCAN & LISTEN!
love them, you’ll love their AI. computer-user parents can’t understand! “Bliss
Many lesser troubles will appear in everyday private was it in that dawn to be alive, / But to be young was
life. Simulated fake AI porn will likely be a big annoy- very heaven!” NL
ance, since people like to pay attention to that. If you’re
Bruce Sterling
a gamer, AIs will be trained to cheat at your games. If
you’re a schoolteacher, you’ll look askance at the kid Bruce Sterling, a science fiction
at the back of the class who never raises his hand but writer, is a founder of the cyberpunk genre
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Newsweek
LearningEnglish C1
Task 1 Task 2
1. How does the author describe the current AI collocation and verb phrase. The sentences you create should
craze? relate to the topic being discussed in the text.
2. What are some of the capabilities of the new Collocations:
AI? AI sense
3. What are Roko’s Basilisk, Masked Shoggoth, folk mania
Paperclip Maximizer and what is their tech thrill
significance in the AI world? alien tales
4. What do Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein and common mogul
Large Language Models have in common? technological monster
5. How does the concept of “open-source” relate

to the development of AI?
6. Why does the author compare the open-source Verb phrases:
movement to Mardi Gras? travel a sense of proportion
7. How does the author characterize the AI capture someone insane
ethicists’ perspective on the AI scene? drive through time
8. What are some potential negative express smart machines
consequences of AI development mentioned in keep the imagination
the text? enable misgivings
Task 3 Task 4
Task description: Students will par- Complete the following summary using information
ticipate in a debate about the folk- from the text.
lore surrounding Artificial Intelligence (AI).
The text discusses the current craze around
1)____________ and the emergence of AI folklore.
Task elements:
It introduces three mythical AI creatures:
1. Recall the main ideas and concepts presented in
2)____________, each representing different
the text.
aspects and fears associated with AI. The author
2. Identify the connections between AI and
highlights the enthusiasm and romanticism
mythology/folklore.
surrounding these myths, as well as the need to
3. Discuss the possible motivations behind the
make AI seem 3)____________ to users. The text
creation of each myth and how they reflect societal
also touches upon 4)____________ nature of AI
attitudes towards AI.
development and the controversies and debates
4. Consider the benefits and drawbacks of using
within the AI community. Ultimately, it warns
folklore to explain complex technological
about 5)____________ that AI may bring,
concepts.
comparing it to past technological advancements.
5. Develop a short story or narrative featuring an AI
folk monster.
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Newsweek
C1 LearningEnglish
U.S.
These are the real dangers

of the sports betting boom
for young men
Wagers on March Madness is up five-fold this year,
FOT. ANDRESR/GETTY IMAGES
as sports betting booms. Experts worry a surge in gambling

addiction, depression and suicide will follow
BY ME GHA N G U NN
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Newsweek
LearningEnglish C1
T
get underway he NCAA Division 1 Men’s the same period last year; in the first year after Vir-
– rozpoczynać się Basketball Tournament, ginia legalized sports gambling, calls climbed 387
pinnacle – szczyt, which just got underway, percent; in Illinois, calls rose 425 percent between
wierzchołek is the pinnacle of college 2020 and 2022.
most wagered-
sports, an annual all-Amer- Especially troubling to experts: The fastest-grow-
on competition
– najczęściej
ican rah-rah celebration of ing group of sports bettors—and the ones who seem
obstawiany turniej athletic competition. The Big to be getting into the most trouble—are typically
surpass Dance. The Final Four. March people in their twenties, spurred by easy access on
– przewyższać Madness! their phones and ubiquitous advertising. Young
sportsbooks It is also, increasingly, a chance for a lot of people men, who are the main target audience for sports
– bukmacherzy to bet a lot of money. betting companies, are the most vulnerable. “We be-
windfall tax From the casual fun of picking brackets for an of- lieve that the risks for gambling addiction overall
– podatek od fice pool, the tournament has evolved to become have grown 30 percent from 2018 to 2021, with the
nieoczekiwanego
“America’s most wagered-on competition,” ac- risk concentrated among young males aged 18 to 24
przypływu gotówki
ubiquitous
cording to the American Gaming Association, an in- who are sports bettors,” said Keith Whyte, executive
advertising dustry group, surpassing even the Super Bowl in director of the National Council on Problem Gam-
– wszechobecne numbers of bets placed. This year the AGA expects bling, in an interview with Pew Research last year.
reklamy the college hoops contest will attract $15.5 billion The physiology of young adults, who are still a work
comorbidity in bets from 68 million Americans, a huge increase in developmental progress, adds to the risk that
– choroba from last year when the group estimated 45 million sports betting will become problematic for them.
współistniejąca people would bet $3.1 billion. The driving force be- Says Pamela Brenner-Davis, team leader of the New
hind that stunning five-fold jump, the AGA says: the York Council on Problem Gambling, “Young people,
growing popularity of legal online sports betting. particularly those under the age of 25, still have un-
Since a Supreme Court ruling opened the door in derdeveloped brains that make them predisposed to
2018, legal sports betting has exploded in the U.S., addiction, particularly to gambling addiction.”
fueled by easy access through online apps and ex- The problems that can often result—getting into
pensive, star-studded ad campaigns for online debt, rifts in relationships, difficulty holding down
sportsbooks. Some 36 states have passed laws to a job—are serious, as is the impact on emotional well-
allow gambling on sports, another eight are consid- being. Lia Nower, director of the Center for Gam-
ering it and more than half of American adults—146 bling Studies at Rutgers University School of Social
million people—now live in a live, legal sports-bet- Work, says, “The more people gamble, the more ac-
ting market. The result: record-breaking revenue tivities they gamble on, and the younger they start,
for the betting companies, a tax windfall for states the more likely they are to develop problems with
and, many experts believe, a sharp and troubling not only gambling itself but also mental health prob-
rise in the risk of serious gambling problems and ad- lems like depression, anxiety and suicidality.”
diction. It’s a trend the experts believe may rapid- “I doubt folks really understand the pervasiveness
ly worsen, given what is known about the trajectory of it,” Anne McCollister of Nebraska’s Gamblers’ As-
of compulsive gambling and the experience of coun- sistance Program says.
tries that have had legal sports betting in place far
longer than the U.S. Your Brain on Sports Betting
Calls to gambling helplines reflect the growing For many people, of course, gambling is just fun, and
problem. In 2021 (the most recent year for which not every wager on basketball, the Super Bowl or
data is available), calls to the helpline run by the Na- a Premier League match leads to a compulsive habit.
tional Council on Problem Gambling, a gaming in- But for others it can turn into an addiction just like
dustry supported group, rose 43 percent, while texts dependency on tobacco, alcohol or opioids. Studies
increased 59 percent and chats jumped 84 percent. have found gambling activates a reward system in
That’s troubling, but a Newsweek analysis of the the brain in the same ways substance addictions do
available data in every state that has legalized sports and problem gambling is similar to those addictions
gambling since the Supreme Court ruling shows in clinical expression, brain origin, comorbidity,
an even more dramatic spike in pleas for help. In physiology and treatment.
Connecticut, for example, helpline calls jumped 91 “The strongest component of the addiction of
percent in the first year after legalization; in Mas- smoking, drugs or alcohol—not the only one, but the
sachusetts, calls are up 276 percent since 2020; in strongest one—is debatably dopamine,” says psy-
Ohio, which just opened the door to legal sports bet- chologist James Whelan, director of The Institute
ting in January, calls to the state’s problem gambling for Gambling Education and Research at the Univer-
hotline tripled in the first month alone compared to sity of Memphis. “And when you gamble, your brain
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These are the real dangers of the sports betting boom for young men
JACKPOT University of Kansas players putting their

team in the center bracket after beating North Carolina
in last year’s NCAA men’s basketball final
secretes more dopamine than when you do any of luck. This may give them an illusion of control over secrete – wydzielać
those other things.” the outcome. That can lead to more problems when jeopardize
The latest edition of the American Psychiatric Asso- a bet goes bad. According to one study in the jour- – narażać na
ciation’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual lists “gam- nal Addictive Behaviors, “Sports betting, relative to niebezpieczeństwo
bling disorder” in the same category as heroin and non-sports betting, has been more strongly linked to wager – stawka,
zakład
opioid addictions. The criteria for the diagnosis in- gambling problems and cognitive distortions related
lean in on
clude the need “to gamble with increasing amounts to illusion of control, probability control and inter- something
of money to achieve the desired excitement,” “repeat- pretive control.” – opierać się/
ed unsuccessful attempts to control, cut back or stop Sportsbooks lean in on those emotions, par- polegać na czymś
gambling,” jeopardizing or losing a “significant rela- ticularly among more vulnerable young men. Some
tionship, job or educational or career opportunity due sportsbooks have marketing deals with large uni-
to gambling” and relying on others “to provide mon- versities that permit on-campus advertising, but say
ey to relieve desperate financial conditions caused by they are trying to reach only people over the age of 21
gambling.” Some studies have found that as many as and take steps to exclude under-age gamblers. Such
19 percent of problem gamblers attempt suicide, the deals appear to run counter to the AGA’s 2019 volun-
FOT. CHRIS GRAYTHEN/GETTY IMAGES
highest rate of any addiction. tary “Responsible Marketing Code for Sports Wager-
Betting on sports comes with its own unique set ing,” which bans advertising on campuses.
of risks. Many sports bettors tend to see their wa- Flashy sportsbook TV advertising features cool
gers as safer and more informed than other kinds movie and sports stars—Jamie Foxx, Kevin Hart, J.B.
of gambling, researchers say; they think they know Smoove, Drew Brees, the Manning family and many
the game, the players and the teams, and are being more—and promotes the idea that picking winners
guided by their own expertise and skill rather than in sports is a matter of skill not luck. BIA Consult-
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Newsweek
LearningEnglish C1
ad frenzy – szał ing estimates that the total nationwide advertising Bradley notwithstanding, however, there had
reklamowy spend on sports betting will be close to $1.8 billion long been support for legal gambling in New Jersey.
boosted odds this year. In 1974, Atlantic City had become the first American
– zwiększone The ad frenzy is being driven not just by the city outside of Nevada with legal casinos. In 2011,
szanse
size of the sports betting market but also by what New Jersey voters approved legalizing sports gam-
(np. na wygraną)
prop bets – zakłady
gambling industry analysts expect to be an even- bling in a referendum, and in 2012, Governor Chris
z propozycją tual shakeout that will leave just a few big winners. Christie signed a legal sports betting bill into law.
(zakład dotyczący The many sportsbooks in operation now are racing The NCAA, the National Football League, Major
wystąpienia lub to grab market share before that happens and their League Baseball, the National Basketball Associa-
niewystąpienia strategies to add new bettors add to the risk that wa- tion and the National Hockey League all sued the
podczas gry gering may get out of control. The companies run state in federal court to block the law, invoking PAS-
zdarzenia, które nie promotions like offering free bets and boosted PA. The state lost, but eventually appealed to the Su-
ma bezpośredniego odds. They also compete to offer the widest variety preme Court.
wpływu na
of bets, including “prop bets,” side wagers on things Meanwhile, the atmosphere around sports betting
ostateczny wynik
gry)
other than the outcome of a game, like a player’s total had shifted considerably. Many states were interest-
mitigate the risks assists. Some companies also offer in-play betting, ed in the idea. The gaming industry, of course, sup-
– zmniejszać ryzyko wagers made during the heat of a game when the ported this and was throwing lots of lobbying money
notwithstanding bettor’s emotions are likely to be high and ability to around. Even the sports leagues that had been of-
– mimo, niezależnie manage risk low. Plenty of excitement and a range of ficially opposed to any kind of gambling since the
od potential bets is never further than your cell phone. 1919 Black Sox scandal had changed their minds.
tick up – pojawiać Not everyone sees a problem. According to AGA In 2014, NBA commissioner Adam Silver wrote an
się, narastać Senior Vice President Casey Clark, legalized bet- op-ed for The New York Times saying the time had
pending legislation
ting mitigates the risks associated with an ille- come to legalize sports betting, provided regulation
– przepisy będące
w toku procesu
gal market that already had a foothold in the U.S. He included things like measures to prevent underage
ustawodawczego also says the industry works to promote responsible gambling and to provide help for people with gam-
gambling through such measures as a public service bling problems.
campaign and tools within sports-betting apps to set In May 2018, the Court found for New Jersey,
time and budget limits on wagers. concluding that PASPA was unconstitutional; Con-
In remarks provided to Newsweek after publica- gress had no business telling states they couldn’t
tion, the AGA additionally points out that the sharp have legal gambling if they wanted it.
rise in call volume to problem gambling helplines is The first legal sports bet in New Jersey was made
not a direct correlation to increases in problem gam- only a month after the Supreme Court decision and it
bling and could be the result of greater awareness wasn’t long before problem gambling began to tick
due to the industry’s promotion of the service. It also up. In fiscal 2019, 606 calls were made to the state’s
says the legal betting industry is the largest funder of gambling helpline. By fiscal 2021, that had more than
such services as part of its commitment to promote doubled to 1,439. According to Rutgers University’s
responsible gambling. Center for Gambling Studies, which tracks betting in
Whether the availability of helplines and encour- the state, over 6 percent of residents, three times the
agement to bet responsibly at the end of promotions national rate, are now believed to have a “gambling
and star-studded commercials deter problematic be- disorder.” The Center says the percentage of state
havior is an open question. residents with a less severe “gambling problem” is
about 15 percent, also nearly triple the national rate.
New Jersey as Ground Zero Center director Nower says the fastest growing co-
The road to the current state of legal sports gambling hort of sports bettors in the state are aged between
in the U.S. started in the Garden State. Prior to the 21 and 24. She says only about one percent of those
Supreme Court ruling, a 1992 federal law, the Profes- young bettors make use of “responsible gambling”
sional and Amateur Sports Protection Act, (PASPA) measures like play limits or self-exclusion that
made most sports betting illegal anywhere but Las sportsbooks and casinos are legally required to of-
Vegas. The law, sponsored by then New Jersey Sen- fer them.
ator Bill Bradley, a former Princeton University and
New York Knicks basketball star, was designed to States Ride the Wave
stop the potential spread of legal sports betting. Pro- Now 36 states have legalized sports betting—it’s op-
ponents said it would help keep sports honest by erational in 33 states, with three more set to launch—
shielding them from point-shaving and game fixing. and 26 have also legalized mobile sports betting.
Opponents said it would just drive gambling more Eight more states have pending legislation or vot-
firmly under the control of organized crime. er referendums in the works.
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It’s big business. According to the AGA, in 2022 by using virtual private networks which hide their lo- suicidal ideations
Americans bet a record $93.2 billion legally on cation or by making bets with illegal offshore sports- – myśli samobójcze
sports, the second record year in a row. All those bets books. According to AGA’s Casey, “The legal, regulated
generated $7.5 billion in revenue for sportsbooks, gaming sportsbooks industry employs innovative
a 73 percent increase over 2021. technologies to confirm players are who they say they
Regulations on sports betting vary by state. All are, meet the legal age for wagering and are in a legal
come with age limits (for most it is 21) and the re- jurisdiction, including two-factor authentication and
quirement that you be physically in the state when sophisticated geolocation verification.”
you bet. Most require ads to include contact infor- As in states where online sports betting is legal, the
mation for gambling helplines. Many allow bettors to Florida Council found that most callers who said they
exclude themselves. Some prohibit some or all bet- gamble online were male (86 percent) and the most
ting on college games. Some permit bets only on the common type of gambling for them was on sports
outcome of games and prohibit prop bets. (55 percent). It also similarly found that callers were
Curiously, it’s not only states that have legalized getting younger, noting a 56 percent increase in gam-
sports betting that are seeing related spikes in prob- blers aged 25 or under. Most worrisome, “This year’s
lem gambling. Newsweek’s analysis of state gambling data reveals higher levels of anxiety (62 percent), de-
hotlines, for instance, found that calls to the gambling pression (63 percent), and neurological disorders
helpline in California, where sports betting isn’t al- (20 percent) reported compared with HelpLine data
FOT. GEORGE ROSE/GETTY IMAGES
lowed, shot up more than 70 percent last year. In Flor- from last year. Of significant note is that almost one-
ida, where most sports gambling isn’t operational, the quarter (24 percent) disclosed suicidal ideations
Florida Council on Compulsive Gambling reports or attempts by the gambler, reflecting a 50 percent
that outreach to its helpline was up 140 percent in fis- increase from the previous fiscal year.”
cal 2021–2022, compared to fiscal 2018–2019. Gam- One outlier in all of this is Oregon. Although sports
blers have been able to avoid the in-state ban either betting has been legal since late 2019, the state hasn’t
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uptick – niewielki had an increase in helpline calls. It is not clear why. these individuals and their families, but the whole
wzrost Oregon doesn’t have any major professional teams of community.”
fall through the its own. There is only one large gambling vendor, the The likelihood of any significant new restrictions
cracks – zostać state lottery, which controls most sports betting in on gambling in the U.S. any time soon, however, seem
niezauważonym,
the state and one legal mobile sports betting operator, dim. The federal government, which could regulate
wymykać się spod
kontroli
DraftKings. As a result, according to Oregon Health interstate aspects of legal state gambling, has so far
freewheeling Authority spokesperson Tim Heider, Oregon has been stayed on the sidelines. According to Rutgers’
approach spared some of the sports gambling ad onslaught. Nower, “The federal government has been complete-
– swobodne “Other states have been bombarded with sports bet- ly silent.” She adds, “The federal government needs
podejście ting advertisements, multiple competing vendors and to step up to the plate. They get an enormous
stay on the a developing regulatory environment,” he says. amount of tax revenue from gambling winnings.
sidelines – trzymać There needs to be an office of problem gambling.”
się z boku, stać na ‘It Will Be a Huge Problem in the Unit- Several states are considering measures to ban or
uboczu
step up to the
ed States’ limit gambling advertising. John Holden, an asso-
plate – dać
Gambling addiction experts view sports betting in ciate professor of management at Oklahoma State
z siebie wszystko, the U.S. as a time bomb. Rutgers’ Nower says, “It’s University who studies sports gambling regulation,
podejmować unlikely we will see the full effect of this rush to le- however, recently told CNN, “A lot of state regula-
działania galization for several years.” Part of the reason is tors have big First Amendment fears. No one wants
that addiction to gambling is quieter than addiction to fund litigation or lose a Supreme Court case over
to drugs or alcohol. “Gambling addiction has no tell,” gambling.” This February U.S. Representative Paul
Nower says. “You can be gambling away your house Tonko, a New York Democrat, introduced the “Bet-
on your mobile phone sitting at the dinner table, and ting Our Future Act,” which would ban all sports-
not a single person will know until the devastation of book advertising on the internet, TV and radio, but
your whole family is complete.” no significant action has been taken on the bill.
The experiences of other countries with legal gam- Meanwhile, in 2021, nine states didn’t report any
bling offer clues to where the U.S. may be headed. In dedicated funding at all for problem gambling, ac-
the U.K., which has a long tradition of legal gam- cording to the Survey of Publicly Funded Problem
bling, mobile betting became legal in 2005. In 2016, Gambling Services. Of the 42 states with specifical-
Stewart Kenny, co-founder of the online sports bet- ly funded problem gambling services, average an-
ting site Paddy Power, stepped down, saying he was nual-per-capita spending on the programs was only
ashamed for having popularized online betting and about 40 cents. For perspective: In the U.S., sub-
felt some responsibility for an uptick in addiction stance-use disorders are about seven times more
and suicides. According to a U.K. government report, common than gambling disorders, but public fund-
more than 400 suicides a year are linked to gaming for substance-abuse treatment is about 338
bling. In 2019, the government opened its first gam- times greater than public funding for all problem-
bling clinic for children, citing findings that 55,000 gambling services.
of the country’s estimated 395,000 problem gam- David Geier, director of the Nebraska Problem
blers were kids aged 11 to 16. Kenny recently warned Gambling Assistance Program, says the biggest ob-
on Bloomberg’s The Big Take podcast, “It will be stacle to an effective response to the increase in
a huge problem in the United States...a society that problem gambling is the patchwork of state laws reg-
accepts some people fall through the cracks.” ulating gambling and funding help for those who get
Australia, which had taken a freewheeling ap- into trouble.
proach to gambling, has in recent years instituted “There are programs like ours in 42 states.” he says.
some restrictions, including limits on TV advertis- “Some of them have some government funding, some
NEWSWEEK PODCASTS
The Intersection of
ing and requiring gamblers to set an annual deposit have none. Some rely on volunteers. We’re lucky in
Tech and Daily Life limit for themselves. Sally Gainsbury, director of the Nebraska, we have some funding that comes to us be-
(Feat. Jotaka Eaddy) University of Sydney’s Gambling Treatment and Re- cause of a variety of laws that had set it up. But it’s in-
search Clinic, says, “America has an opportunity now consistent and uneven nationwide, right now.”
SCAN & LISTEN! to do what we’re trying to do retrospectively, which is Better funded programs in other countries, like
to encourage low-risk gambling.” the U.K, Australia and Canada, point to a positive
Gainsbury says it is typically nine to 10 years af- way forward but Geier, for one, isn’t optimistic they
ter someone develops a gambling problem that they will be adopted here, now or in the future. “The U.S.
seek treatment. “Left unchecked, I expect there will just hasn’t caught up,” he says. “And it doesn’t appear
be a substantial rise in gambling problems relat- likely that it’s going to happen in our lifetimes.” NL
ed to online wagering, which is going to have a mas-
Meghan Gunn
sive community detrimental impact, and not only for
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Newsweek
C1 LearningEnglish
Task 1 Task 2
1. Which sports tournament is described as “March collocation and verb phrase. The sentences you create should
Madness” and why? relate to the topic being discussed in the text.
2. How has this tournament evolved over the years? Collocations:
3. What impact has the 2018 Supreme Court ruling record-breaking sportsbooks
had on legal sports betting in the United States? compulsive distortions
sports approach
4. What is the downside of the growing popularity
reward revenue
of sports betting in the United States? cognitive bettors
5. How does gambling addiction compare to other sports-betting gambling
addictions? offshore apps
6. What are the consequences of gambling addiction, freewheeling system
and what is its impact on mental health?
7. How does the sports betting industry drum up Verb phrases:
the gambling business? allow under-age gamblers
8. What is the PASPA and why was it introduced? lead to problematic behavior
turn into gambling on sports
9. How did the atmosphere around sports betting
bet on low-risk gambling
shift between 2012 and 2014? exclude the risks
10. How many states have legalized sports betting, mitigate sports
and how much revenue did Americans bet on deter an addiction
sports in 2022? encourage a compulsive habit
Task 3 Task 4

from the text.
potential risks associated with gambling.
The NCAA Division 1 Men’s Basketball Tournament, also
Task elements: known as March Madness, has become a major platform
1. Recall some key facts/stats associated with gambling for 1)____________ in the United States. The legalization of
mentioned in the article. online sports betting since 2018 has led to 2)____________
2. Explain why there has been a significant increase in in the number of Americans betting on the tournament,
betting in recent years. with estimates of $15.5 billion in bets this year. However,
3. Analyze the potential risks associated with sports this rise in sports betting has also resulted in a troubling
betting. increase in 3)____________, especially among young males.
4. Evaluate the potential benefits and drawbacks of Experts warn that the accessibility and marketing
legalizing/delegalizing sports betting. strategies of 4)____________ are exacerbating the problem,
5. Design a public service announcement to raise and the impact on 5)____________ and well-being can be
awareness about the risks of sports betting and to severe.
encourage responsible gambling habits. Check the answer key!
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Newsweek
LearningEnglish C1
WORLD
The end of the

American Century
begins in the Middle
East
Beijing is replacing Washington as the player with the contacts
and the power to broker deals between rivals in the region
BY T O M O ’C O NNO R
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C
hinese official communica- the late 1970s, China has been developing and deep- overhaul
tions often echo a phrase of ening relations with other countries on the basis of – przebudowa
President Xi Jinping’s about mutual benefit and respect for each other,” Hong- bluster
“great changes unseen in da Fan, a leading Chinese expert and professor at – awanturować się
menace – grozić,
a century.” Increasingly that Shanghai International Studies University’s Middle
zagrażać
line seems less like propa- East Studies Institute, tells Newsweek. coerce – zmuszać,
ganda and more like a simple “China has not actively provoked conflicts with przymuszać
statement of a vast transfor- other countries for decades,” Fan adds. “This leaves hallmark – znak
mation in the world order. China with few enemies in the world, and also en- rozpoznawczy
This overhaul, years in the making, is taking the ables China to obtain a good external development non-aligned
clearest shape right now in the Middle East, a region environment.” foreign policy
where the U.S. has devoted many resources in the 21st Although China has several territorial disputes – neutralna polityka
century. In March, China helped arrange a peace deal with key neighbors, the People’s Republic has zagraniczna
retention of
between Iran and Saudi Arabia, taking the kind of bro- emerged as the top trading partner of nearly 130
primacy
ker role in the region long held by the U.S. Washington countries. It has promoted its economic and diplo- – utrzymanie
currently has no diplomatic ties with Tehran and rela- matic clout across the Global South, including Afri- prymatu
tions with Riyadh have grown strained. ca and Latin America, through ventures such as Xi’s ascendancy
“We bluster, we threaten, we menace, we sanc- Belt and Road Initiative, a network of infrastructure – panowanie,
tion, we send the Marines, we bomb,” says Chas Free- projects spanning nearly 150 countries. władza
man, a veteran U.S. diplomat, “but we don’t ever use Courting the Middle East has proven to be particu- clout – siła
the arts of persuasion.” larly valuable for China, the world’s number one oil oddziaływania,
Freeman was principal interpreter for President importer. Iran and Saudi Arabia both want spots in znaczenie
overlook alleged
Richard Nixon on his visit to China in 1972. The trip trade and security blocs BRICS Plus and the Shang-
human rights
ultimately resulted in the U.S. recognizing the Peo- hai Cooperation Organization. Their membership abuses
ple’s Republic over Taiwan and the opening of an could give Beijing the ability to withstand a potential – przymykać oko
embassy in Beijing, where Freeman served as depu- U.S. sanctions campaign like the one levied against na rzekome
ty chief of mission. Now he tells Newsweek, Wash- Russia over its war in Ukraine. łamanie praw
ington’s “moment of diplomatic glory” is long over. człowieka
“What has happened is that the American ability to in disarray
coerce is declining,” he says. “We seem to be ap- “The 500 years of – w nieładzie
proaching the world as though we still have an un-
challenged authority that we imagined we did at the
Euro-Atlantic global
end of the Cold War.” ascendancy are over”
Many nations are pursuing their own paths, some-
times called “strategic autonomy.” The concept re-
mains a hallmark of India’s non-aligned foreign Oil was at the heart of the post-World War II stra-
policy, even as it improves relations with the U.S. It tegic partnership forged by the U.S. with Saudi Ara-
is also gaining traction with once-close U.S. friends bia. The pact outlasted Arab-Israeli wars, an ensuing
such as Saudi Arabia, and has appeared in comments 1970s OPEC boycott and 9/11, in which 11 of 15 Al-
by French President Emmanuel Macron following Qaeda hijackers were Saudi nationals. The U.S. was
his April visit to Beijing. also willing to overlook alleged human rights
Freeman, who once served as U.S. ambassador to abuses by Saudi Arabia. But President Joe Biden’s
Saudi Arabia, says, “The world is changing; the kalei- branding of Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman as
doscope is in motion. We’re trying to put all the piec- a “pariah,” together with reduced U.S. aid to a Saudi-
es in place,” he says. “The basic aim of our foreign led war effort in Yemen and attempts to revive a nu-
policy is retention of primacy, which is impossi- clear deal with Iran, have opened a substantial rift
ble. Nothing is forever. No great power is always su- with Riyadh.
preme forever.” Meanwhile, few Middle Eastern and Muslim coun-
“It’s not just that the Pax Americana, the American tries have joined the U.S. in condemning China’s
Century, which turned out to be about 50 years long, treatment of its mostly Muslim Uyghur minority.
is over,” he adds, “but the 500 years of Euro-Atlantic And as the U.S. has moved to end its “forever wars”
global ascendancy are over.” to focus on the challenge posed by China, a Middle
FOT. FFIKRETOW/ISTOCK
East left divided and in disarray continues to seek

A Non-Hostile Takeover assistance.
China has long been positioning itself to take advan- “The United States has indeed ignored the ur-
tage of the shift. “Since the reform and opening up in gent needs of the Middle East countries for devel-
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The end of the American Century begins in the Middle East
custodian opment,” Fan says, “or did not pay enough attention “A Profound Reassessment”
– obrońca, strażnik to it.” Some diplomats worry that recent events in the Mid-
sovereignty “Washington needs to understand that such dle East and elsewhere, 30 years after the fall of the
– suwerenność challenges come not only from China, but also Soviet Union, show the U.S., for all its military, finan-
impose – narzucać
from many other countries,” Fan adds. “More and cial and cultural power, has lost its appeal to much
tenure – kadencja
wage war
more countries, including China, hope to con- of the world. Jack Matlock, the last U.S. ambassador
– prowadzić wojnę trol their own destiny and hope to see a multipolar to the USSR, says, “The example we are offering the
dissuade foes world.” world today is not as attractive as it might have been
– zniechęcać in 1991.”
wrogów “The World Has Changed” Matlock, who began his tenure in the Foreign
invincible In Saudi Arabia’s case, this means translating ener- Service in 1956, tells Newsweek China’s success as-
– niezwyciężony gy influence into geopolitical capital. This shift has serting itself around the world, “should inspire a pro-
been met with wariness by Washington, where Biden found reassessment leading to a change of course” in
warned of “consequences” after Riyadh defied U.S. Washington.
calls to increase oil production and instead joined Today, U.S. communication with top adversaries
fellow OPEC Plus states, including Iran and Russia, has reached an all-time low. Meanwhile, China pur-
in cutting output last October. sues a growing list of geopolitical goals, Russia wag-
Mohammad al-Sabban, former senior adviser to es war in Ukraine with no end in sight, Iran rebuilds
the Saudi energy minister, tells Newsweek, “The ties with rivals and North Korea accelerates nucle-
United States continues to think that it is the only ar weapons development. Sanctions, the mainstay of
pole in the world, and that is untrue.” U.S. diplomatic action, have so far done little to dis-
“The world has become multipolar. There is Chi- suade foes.
na, there is Russia, there is the United States, there is While Washington has portrayed the world as
the European Union and also there is the Kingdom a struggle between democracies and authoritarians
of Saudi Arabia.” (in which vital partners such as Saudi Arabia do not
It’s not just oil that fuels Saudi clout. Saudi Arabia fit comfortably), Matlock says “ideology and form of
has unique status across the Muslim world as custo- government should not matter.”
dian of Islam’s two holiest sites, and the Kingdom, “To have a peaceful, prosperous world able to cope
the fastest growing of the world’s major economies, with unprecedented challenges such as environmen-
is a leading member of the Arab League and the Or- tal degradation, terrorism and violence of all types,
ganization of Islamic Cooperation. massive flows of population, the threat of pandem-
Meanwhile the Kingdom is also undergoing an in- ics and the avoidance of nuclear war or use of other
ternal transformation. While Riyadh long clung to weapons of mass destruction, we need to deal with
tradition and embraced fundamentalist Islamism, all countries with respect,” he says.
Crown Prince Mohammed has tied his legacy as the He warns that, much like the doomed Soviet Un-
country’s future king to modernization, cultivating ion, the U.S. approach relies on the outdated belief
a national identity beyond religion. The U.S. once “that the U.S. had the knowledge and power to trans-
approved of this metamorphosis but has grown in- form the world if only it used its military and eco-
creasingly suspicious. nomic dominance to change other societies.”
Sabban says the U.S.’ “pursuit of commanding This line of thinking, Matlock argues, propagates
and unilateral policies” will “not pass with any na- the notion “that ‘we won the Cold War,’ that the
tion, any nation that respects its sovereignty and break-up of the USSR marked the end of the Cold
that respects itself.” He adds, “The Kingdom of War and Russia was the defeated party, and that the
Saudi Arabia makes its decisions according to its collapse of the Communist system proved that cap-
NEWSWEEK PODCASTS interests, especially economic and political. The italism and ‘democracy’ were the inevitable future
Which is Better: Kingdom of Saudi Arabia does not care about any of mankind, that nuclear weapons made us invinci-
Democracy or Monarchy?
other opinions or the opinions that are imposed ble, and therefore our leadership was necessary for
on it.” transforming the world.”
SCAN & LISTEN! Sabban links the country’s economic and geopo- “These were false assumptions,” he argues, “and
litical “diversification” directly to Crown Prince impossible goals.” NL
Mohammed’s “Vision 2030” strategy and argues,
Tom O’Connor
“Everyone must respect the interests of the King-
dom of Saudi Arabia, just as we respect the interests
of others.” He warns, “No country should interfere in Tom O’Connor is a Newsweek senior
the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia making its decisions in writer and deputy editor covering the Midd-
the international arena.” le East, China, Russia and North Korea
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Newsweek
C1 LearningEnglish
Task 1 Task 2
Listen to the
recording
and answer
the following
questions:
SCAN & LISTEN! relate to the topic being discussed in the text.
1. What is the “great change” that is taking place in Collocations:
the world order? world partnership
2. What is the “strategic autonomy” concept? diplomatic challenges
unchallenged disputes
3. What is China’s role in the transformation of
non-aligned authority
world order? territorial world
4. Why is the Middle East important to China? strategic order
5. What is China’s relationship with Middle Eastern multipolar foreign policy
and Muslim countries like? unprecedented ties
6. What is the main message from China about their
international relations? Verb phrases:
7. What is the consequence of U.S. withdrawal from arrange a nuclear deal
the Middle East? provoke ties with rivals
levy geopolitical goals
8. What is Freeman’s opinion about the current
revive foes
world order? pursue a peace deal
9. What message does Washington need to hear wage sanctions
about the transformation of world order? rebuild war
dissuade conflicts
Task 3 Task 4

from the text.
changing world order.
Chinese official communications often refer to President Xi
Task elements: Jinping’s phrase about „great changes unseen in a century,”
1. Provide a brief overview of the major events leading reflecting a 1)____________ in the global order. This transformation
to the current state of the world order. is particularly evident in 2)____________, where China played
2. Explain the concept of “strategic autonomy” and a role in brokering a peace deal between Iran and Saudi Arabia.
how it is gaining traction in many countries. The United States, on the other hand, lacks 3)____________ with
3. Analyze the benefits and drawbacks of pursuing Tehran and faces strained relations with Riyadh. The decline of
a non-aligned foreign policy. American authority and the rise of „strategic autonomy” among
4. Compare and contrast the diplomatic strategies of nations are contributing to this shift. China has been positioning
China and the United States in the Middle East. itself strategically by fostering relations with other countries based
5. Assess the effectiveness of the U.S.’s coercive foreign on 4)____________, while the US still relies on coercive measures.
policy in light of the changing world order. The world is moving towards 5)____________, and the US needs to
6. Propose a new approach to foreign policy that reassess its approach and engage with other nations respectfully.
addresses the realities of a multipolar world.
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LearningEnglish
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A digital detox? Try our KEY TASK 4 literature Does your dog truly common sense
off-the-grid vacation 1) rebound watch over seniors love you? Science has technological thrill
retreats 2) a possible recession, resolve customer service the answer Verb phrases
KEY TASK 2 inflation, and the impact of issues KEY TASK 2 travel through time
the war in Ukraine ease a skilled-labor Collocations capture the imagination
Collocations drive someone insane
raw experiences 3) personalized shortage four-legged friends
4) supply chain constraints speed up the coding conventional wisdom express misgivings
stunning coastline keep a sense of proportion
family-style dining 5) new regulations process emotional intelligence
Parents reveal why they character judgments enable smart machines
digital detox take advantage of AI KEY TASK 4
eco-conscious destination charge their child rent KEY TASK 4 abstract reasoning
KEY TASK 2 problem solving 1) Artificial Intelligence (AI)
natural landscape 1) scientists and engineers 2) Roko’s Basilisk, the
total relaxation Collocations social cognition
2) ChatGPT, Bing, and Bard Masked Shoggoth, and the
horseback riding mixed response puppy-dog eyes
3) healthcare, eldercare, Paperclip Maximizer
Verb phrases financial burdens Verb phrases
autonomous lifestyle telemarketing, legal work, understand abstract ideas 3) harmless and appealing
get away from the digital and human resources 4) the open-source
lifestyle household bills forge emotional bonds
minimum wage 4) job displacement hack the human system 5) the potential dangers and
leave the world behind 5) transformative changes negative consequences
commune with nature household chores comfort traumatized
The South Koreans who children These are the real
fly into the wild Verb phrases
won’t leave their rooms read human emotions dangers of the sports
indulge in hikes learn responsibility betting boom for young
pay rent KEY TASK 2 reside with primary
disconnect from life Collocations caregivers men
lay on the beach find a balance KEY TASK 2
live off mom and dad’s living allowance sniff out explosives and
go for a walkabout drugs Collocations
Celebrate LGBTQIA+ dollar reclusive youths
find avalanche victims record-breaking revenue
Pride All Year Long: 10 cover one’s food and utilities welfare system compulsive gambling
negotiate boundaries social isolation KEY TASK 4
Queer Hotspots 1) what his dog, Newton, sports bettors
KEY TASK 2 KEY TASK 4 domestic violence reward system
1) charge their 18-year-old disadvantaged households was thinking
Collocations 2) lie still in MRI machines cognitive distortions
rainbow havens daughter rent cultural syndrome sports-betting apps
2) prepare her for adulthood low self-esteem 3) intelligent and
sexual orientations cooperative animals offshore sportsbooks
gender-inclusive space and teach responsibility Verb phrases freewheeling approach
3) $200 a month 4) strong emotional bonds
drag shows encourage reintegration 5) evaluate human character Verb phrases
queer culture 4) household chores with society allow gambling on sports
5) boundaries Japan’s shrinking
queer-friendly bar receive a monthly handout population faces point lead to a compulsive habit
Verb phrases live in relative isolation of no return turn into an addiction
celebrate Pride month Level B2 force someone back into the KEY TASK 2 bet on sports
exclude under-age
pay tribute to queer icons classroom Collocations
advocate for acceptance Sustainability: Fashion’s maintain a stable population working-aged citizens gamblers
promote sexual diversity hottest trend experience loneliness life expectancy mitigate the risks
host music nights KEY TASK 2 opt out of the rat race fertility rate deter problematic behavior
hold community events Collocations economic growth encourage low-risk gambling
feel pessimistic about the KEY TASK 4
Everything you need to clothing waste traditional gender roles
water pollution future 1) sports betting
know about Formula 1’s KEY TASK 4 financial burden
rules, rivalries and more wasteful practices parental leave 2) a significant increase
eco-friendly textile 1) social isolation 3) gambling addiction
KEY TASK 2 2) a living allowance labor shortfall
alternatives Verb phrases 4) online sportsbooks
Collocations 3) providing financial 5) mental health
technically advanced sustainability requirements paint an uncertain future
fast fashion support and assistance pose a demographic The end of the Ameri-
street circuits 4) bullying, academic stress, can Century begins in
fierce rivals environmental impact challenge
carbon emissions and domestic violence outpace official projections the Middle East
below expectation 5) the emotional well-being KEY TASK 2
engine failure Verb phrases maintain a stable population
dump unsold bags Ukraine pop culture hit a record-high/low Collocations
high-speed track world order
Verb phrases transform textile waste unites against Russia delay marriage
create zero-waste designs KEY TASK 2 reverse the decades-long diplomatic ties
represent the top tier unchallenged authority
reach speeds of 220 mph use recycled plastics Collocations downtrend
crack down on fundraising campaign tackle low births non-aligned foreign policy
sit atop territorial disputes
win a race greenwashing propaganda apparatus KEY TASK 4
levy taxes on something 1) population decline and strategic partnership
seal the world title cultural elite multipolar world
drive on super speedways reduce waste foreign agents demographic challenges
2) 12 consecutive years unprecedented challenges
How the auto industry drop off old items widespread support Verb phrases
How AI will make our genocidal war 3) Low birth rates, high life
will be disrupted expectancy, and traditional arrange a peace deal
KEY TASK 2 lives better (and worse) Ukrainian identity provoke conflicts
KEY TASK 2 special military operation gender roles
Collocations 4) subsidies for childbirth levy sanctions
automotive industry Collocations Verb phrases revive a nuclear deal
real-world tasks and flexible work
supply chain attract the world’s attention arrangements pursue geopolitical goals
electric vehicle medical records donate the proceeds wage war
promising new drugs 5) the economy, social
charging availability flee the country services, and national rebuild ties with rivals
consumer trust companion robots cut ties with friends dissuade foes
routine jobs security
tax credits become an independent AI is the scariest beast KEY TASK 4
Verb phrases autonomous vehicles significant transformation
AI-powered drones state ever created
normalize inventory levels kill traditions KEY TASK 2 2) the Middle East
catch up to demand technology revolutions 3) diplomatic ties
Verb phrases shoot dreams Collocations
risk losing momentum break somebody’s spirit AI mania 4) mutual benefit
schedule a test drive produce human-like text 5) a multipolar order
folk tales
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Newsweek Learning English

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ROZWINIESZ SWÓJ ANGIELSKI Trzy miesiące

70% of Parents Agree:

Science has the answer

ure/ Medicine/ Science/ Technology

OKLADKA_NLE_03_2023.indd 1 20/07/2023 18:01

Zamów za 09 zł z bezpłatną dostawą na Literia.pl

NLE_032023_PRENUMERATA_PRESTON.indd 2 24.07.2023 15:55

Czy te oczy mogą kłamać?

zy zastanawiałeś/łaś się kie- osobom w terapii pomagają przejść przez traumatycz-

001_NLE_03.indd 1 20/07/2023 11:30

A digital detox? Try our off- Parents reveal why they

The South Koreans who

won’t leave their rooms

2 Newsweek Learning English

002-003_NLE_03.indd 2 20/07/2023 12:11

Adres redakcji tygodnika: 02-672 Warszawa,

Wydawca: RINGIER AXEL SPRINGER POLSKA Sp. z o.o.,

Prezes zarządu: Aleksander Kutela

Ukraine pop culture AI is the scariest

to the war... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 the recent advances in artificial intelligence.

These are the real dangers kowalska@ringieraxelspringer.pl)

Does your dog truly of the sports betting

love you? Science boom for young men

has the answer

Wagers on March Madness is up five-fold this

our fabulous furry four-legged friends...

Japan’s shrinking American Century

with the contacts and the power to broker

Kolejny numer „Newsweek

002-003_NLE_03.indd 3 20/07/2023 12:11

How to learn English

AUTHENTIC MATERIALS GLOSSARY

004-007_NLE_03.indd 4 21/07/2023 15:02

004-007_NLE_03.indd 5 21/07/2023 15:02

How to learn English

Listen to the podcast to understand its content.

FOT. SEBRA/123RF, JENNY ON THE MOON/ISTOCK

6 Newsweek Learning English

004-007_NLE_03.indd 6 20/07/2023 12:13

Key words/phrases Key facts

attract talent  employers are working hard to improve in-office experience

Check the meaning of key words in the dictionary.

004-007_NLE_03.indd 7 20/07/2023 12:13

Coral and Crabs

8 Newsweek Learning English

008-011_NLE_03.indd 8 20/07/2023 12:14

from the building’s architecture to the

in Italy and strives to have its custom-

008-011_NLE_03.indd 9 20/07/2023 12:15

strive to do Edge of the Himalayas

SCAN & LISTEN! Emirates One&Only

COURTESY OF EMIRATES ONE&ONLY

Wolgan Valley, Australia

offers guests luxury villas to serve as their home base

during their stay. Go for a walkabout to see nature

008-011_NLE_03.indd 10 20/07/2023 12:15

Task description: Students

lifestyle during a vacation retreat. headline to attract the reader’s attention

location, amenities, and activities that would each paragraph

008-011_NLE_03.indd 11 20/07/2023 12:16

celebrating inclusivity is an everyday occasion

Sour Cherry Comics

attract talent employers are working hard to improve in-office experience