12/09/2019

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The plan for today

Chemical
Principles • Why maths is important in pharmacy
• Careers that require maths (with examples)
• Pharmacy
Maths in Pharmacy • Industry
• Academia

Kathryn Browning • Where to find help

Assistant Professor
Department of Pharmacy • Next lecture reading

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Where you can find help/resources Career 1: Pharmacist

• Monk and Monroe – Maths for Chemistry • Unit conversions

Useful for the whole pharmacy education and beyond • Dilutions
• Dosages
• Self-assessment test on Absalon
Due date: 20th September • Safety control on doctor’s calculations

QUESTION
A 10 year old child with an ear infection has been
prescribed Amoxicillin two times a day for 10 days.
• Online resources The recommended dose is 100 mg/Kg/day.
• Course teachers The child weighs 30 Kg.
What is the dose (in tablets) and how many tablets of
750 mg should you dispense?
Practice questions to improve confidence

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Answer Career 2: Industry

A 10 year old child with an ear infection has been prescribed Amoxicillin
two times a day for 10 days.
The recommended dose is 100 mg/Kg/day. The child weighs 30 Kg. • Statistics
What is the dose (in tablets) and how many tablets of 750 mg should you • Unit conversion
dispense?
• Scale up
First calculate the daily dose of Amoxicillin
100 · 30 3000 • Modelling
Then calculate each dose
3000 QUESTION
1500 You are preparing an inhalation formulation
2
Now, number of tablets for each dose of salbutamol.
1500 You need 100 g of dry salbutamol for
2 the formulation however the drug
750
loses 15% of its weight upon drying.
Total number of tablets to dispense
How much salbutamol should you weigh to
2 ·2 · 10 40 obtain 100 g of dry drug?

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Answer Career 3: PhD/Academia

You are preparing an inhalation formulation of salbutamol.

• Statistics
You need 100 g of dry salbutamol for the formulation however the drug • Unit conversion
loses 15% of its weight upon drying.
• Dilutions
How much salbutamol should you weigh to obtain 100 g of dry drug?
• Modelling
If the drug loses 15% of its weight on drying then you have
QUESTION
85% remaining
100% 15% 85% You need to make a 10 mM solution of glucose in water for a bacteria
culture.
If your final product (100 g) is 85% of the starting weight then You have a 2% w/w stock solution of glucose. Glucose has a molecular
what is 100% weight of 180 g mol-1.
100 How much of the stock solution should you use to make 100 mL of 10
· 100% 117,65
85% mM glucose?
SHAKESPEAK QUESTION: Calculate the concentration in M of the stock
Rounding to the correct significant figures means we should solution before dilution
weigh 118 g of the wet drug

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Answer Answer
You need to make a 10 mM solution of glucose in water for a bacteria
You have a 2% w/w stock solution of glucose.
culture.
Calculate the concentration in M of the stock solution before dilution
You have a 2% w/w stock solution of glucose.
Glucose has a molecular weight of 180 g mol-1.
How much of the stock solution should you use to make 100 mL of 10
mM glucose?
First calculate the concentration of your 2% w/w stock solution
2% 2 100 ! 20 1000 ! To calculate how much of the stock solution to use to make 100 mL
of 10 mM glucose solution you need to use the dilution formula.
The density of water is 1g mL-1 so 1000 g = 1000 mL = 1 L
20 g of glucose in 1 L , ·- ," · -"
To find concentration you need to know the number of moles in 1 0,111 + · / 10 + · 100 .
L (mol L-1)
0.111 + · / 0,010 + · 0,1 .
"# $
0,111 in 1L so 0,111 M ,
0,010 + · 0,1 .
+ %# $ &'( )* -
/ 0,0090 . 9,0 . 2 ,3 4
. + 0,111 +
1 .

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Where you can find help/resources Summary

• Monk and Monroe – Maths for Chemistry • Importance of maths throughout the education and in
Useful for the whole pharmacy education and beyond future careers
• Maths used today:
• Self-assessment test on Absalon • Unit conversion
Due date: 20th September • Percentage changes
• Rearrangement of equations
,
• Calculation of concentration -
• Conversion of weight to mol
• Online resources • C1V1=C2V2 +
• Dilution factors
• Course teachers

Practice questions to improve confidence

2

12/09/2019
Overview for lecture 3
• Chemical reaction & Gibbs free energy
• Equilibrium and equilibrium constant
• Reaction quotient & direction of reaction (Le
Chatelier’s principle)
• Equilibrium and free energy
• Aqueous solution and ionic equation
Noter i ligevægtslære, kapitel 1 & 2
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Videos to watch before lecture 3
Writing complete ionic equations and net ionic equations (ca. 4
min)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dvupBubB-HQ
Equilibrium and equilibrium constant (ca. 7 min)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1GiZzCzmO5Q
Free Energy and the equilibrium constant (ca. 6 min)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F1k8TJsVg_g
Reaction quotient (ca. 7 min)
https://www.khanacademy.org/science/chemistry/chemical-
equilibrium/factors-that-affect-chemical-equilibrium/v/intro-to-
reaction-quotient-q