20XX

Jenis, Komponen dan Arsitektur Komputer

Parulian
Supercomputers
Mainframe Computers
Supercomputers
a powerful computer that
can process large amounts
of data and do a great
amount of computation very
quickly.
• Science
• Engineering
• Education
• Defence
• Aerospace
Mainframe Computers
a high-performance computer
used for large information
processing jobs.
• Institutions
• Research
• Academics
• Health care
• Libraries
• Large businesses
• Financial institutions
• Stock brokerage firms
• Insurance agencies
Small Computer Designed for
use by a single user at a time
Desktop Computer

System Unit

Monitor, Keyboard, Mouse, and Tower

Laptop Computer

Portable

Flip Down Screen and

Keyboard
Tablet

Touchscreen

Slightly smaller and weighs

less than the average laptop
Smartphone

Mobile

Many of the functions

Wearable Computer

Mobile

any small technological

device capable of storing
and processing data that can
be worn on the body.
Main Components
11
 Motherboard
• The motherboard is central to any computer system.
• All components plug into the motherboard either directly (straight into the circuit board) or indirectly
(via USB ports).
• Once connected to the motherboard, the components can work together to form the computer system.
 Processor (Central Processing Unit)
• The Central Processing Unit (CPU) is the brain of the computer.
• Responsible for performing calculations and data processing.
• There are two main brands of CPU currently on the market... AMD and Intel
 Internal Memory (RAM and ROM)
Random Access Memory
• Temporarily store information that is currently in use by the computer.
• Read from and written to and so the information stored in RAM can change all the time
• Fast memory. Data can be written to and read from RAM very quickly.
• Volatile Memory.
 Internal Memory (RAM and ROM)
Read Only Memory (ROM)
• Permanently store instructions that tell the computer how to boot. These instructions are known as
the BIOS (Basic input/output system) or the boot program.
• Information stored in ROM is known as READ ONLY. This means that the contents of ROM cannot be
altered or added to by the user.
• Non-Volatile memory. Ex. DVD/CD
 Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)
• To display images on the
monitor.
• Usually require the installation
of software alongside the
hardware. The software
instructs the computer how to
use the graphics card and also
allows you to alter settings to
change image quality and size.
Produsen
1. Asus
2. MSI
3. Gigabyte
4. EVGA
5. ZOTAC
6. PNY
7. Sapphire
8. XFX
9. Palit
10.ASRock
 Sound Card
• Internal hardware devices that
plug into the motherboard.
• To produce sound but they also
allow users to connect
microphones in order to input
sounds into the computer.
• Sound cards are also useful in
the conversion of analogue
data into digital and vice versa.
 Storage
• Secondary storage
devices are used
to store data that
is not instantly
needed by the
computer.
• Secondary storage
devices
permanently store
data and
programs for as
long as we need.
These devices are
also used to back-
up data in case
original copies are
lost or damaged.
Produsen
1. WD (Western Digital)
2. Seagate
3. Samsung
4. Crucial
5. SanDisk
6. Kingston
7. ADATA
8. Corsair
9. Hitachi
10.Toshiba
Input – Process - Output
23
Computer Architecture
Computer architecture
can be defined as a set of
rules and methods that
describe the functionality,
management and
implementation of
computers. To be precise,
it is nothing but rules by
which a system performs
and operates.
• Instruction set Architecture or ISA − Whenever an
instruction is given to processor, its role is to read
and act accordingly. It allocates memory to
instructions and also acts upon memory address
mode.
• Micro Architecture − It describes how a particular
processor will handle and implement instructions
from ISA.
• System Design − It includes the other entire
hardware component within the system such as
virtualization, multiprocessing.
THANK YOU!
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