GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF MUSTARD (Brassica juncea) UNDER

VARYING WEATHER CONDITIONS

JERYMY DAREEN A. SANTOS

MICHAEL ANGELO S. BOSE
HAZEL ANN D. AGUILAR
MANDY DELA T. CRUZ
CHERRY MAE FLOJO
JONAH B. SAGUCIO

In partial fulfillment in ABE-43

Plants and Livestock System and Environmental
Control Engineering

Republic of the Philippines

QUIRINO STATE UNIVERSITY
Diffun, Quirino

December 2023
 ABSTRACT

This study was conducted at the experimental area located at Engineering Department area

at Quirino State University, Main-Campus, Andres Bonifacio Diffun, Quirino, from November 2

to December 8, 2022. We compare the growth performance of mustard (Brassica juncea) under

varying weather condition such as temperature, relative humidity and solar radiation. The

gathering of data is observed and collect Inside and outside of the greenhouse. In each treatment,

it has twenty polyethylene bags inside and outside of the greenhouse with three treatments for

gathering data.
 I. INTRODUCTION

A. Significance of the Study

Weather is the state of the atmosphere, describing for example the degree

to which it is hot or cold, wet or dry, calm and stormy, clear and cloudy. The term

weather refers to the temporary conditions of the atmosphere, the layer of air that

surrounds the earth. There are six components or parts of weather. They are

temperature, atmospheric pressure, wind, humidity, precipitation and cloudiness.

Leafy vegetable in the Philippines contributes a very good income provider

for farmers due to its short duration harvesting. This crop can be harvested 30-45

days from planting (Seedling foundation of this crop strongly Siemonsma & Piluek

1994) affects performance as it contributes to almost half of the duration in

cropping.

At last, relationship between weather and the cultivation of mustard is

undeniably crucial. From temperature and photoperiod to precipitation and

humidity, weather conditions significantly impact the growth and yield of mustard

plants. Farmers must carefully consider their local climate and select the

appropriate mustard varieties and planting times to maximize their crop's success.

Understanding the complex interplay between weather and mustard cultivation is

essential for ensuring a bountiful harvest of this beloved and versatile crop.
B. Objectives of the Study

This study generally aims to compare the performance growth of Mustard

(Brassica juncea) under varying weather conditions.

Specifically, it aims to:

1. Determine the differences in crop height, length of leaves,

and number of leaves.

2. Assess the effect and influence of varying weather

conditions on the growth of Mustard (Brassica juncea).

C. Time and Place of the Study

This study was conducted from November 2 to December 8, 2023 at the

experimental area located at Engineering Department area at Quirino State

University, Main-Campus, Andres Bonifacio, Diffun, Quirino.

D. Hypotheses of the Study

Ho: There is no significant difference on the performance growth of mustard under

varying weather condition.

Ha. There is a significant difference on the performance growth of mustard under

varying weather condition.

 II. MATERIALS AND METHOD

A. MATERIALS

The following materials and instruments will be used in the study:

1. Land Preparation

a. Bolo/knife

b. Shovel/Spade

c. Hoe

d. Measuring tape/meter stick

2. Planting

a. 40pcs Polyethylene bag

b. Disposable spoon

3. Data Gathering

a. Solar watt meter

b. Hygrometer

c. Pencil

d. Paper

e. Notebook

f. Ruler

B. Methods

1. Site location and preparation

a. Experimental Site

The site was at the experimental area located at Engineering Department

area at Quirino State University, Main-Campus, Diffun, Quirino. On the

 outside of the greenhouse the area was 4.5mx12m, and one greenhouse to

be use.

2. Land Preparation

a. At the outside of the greenhouse the experimental area was prepared

thoroughly by ploughing the field to maintain good soil tilth suitable for

the mustard to be grown. We use 40 Polyethylene bags and fill the half

of polyethylene bag with the same soil. twenty in inside the greenhouse

and twenty in the outside of the greenhouse.

3. Data Gathering

b. Researcher will gather data of Relative Humidity, Solar radiation and

temperature base on the time scheduled (10 am) every day. The Height,

average length of leaves and the number of leaves will be gathered at

three times a week starting from November 2, 2023.

 III. DATA GATHERING AND DISCUSSION OF RESULTS

A. DATA GATHERED

TABLE 1: INSIDE THE GREENHOUSE

LENGTH OF NO. OF
DATE REPLECATION HEIGHT LEAVES LEAVES
(cm) (cm)
03/11/2023 R1 3.5 0.9 3
R2 2.5 1 4
R3 3.4 0.9 4
10/11/2023 R1 5.1 1.9 3
R2 5.5 2.5 4
R3 5.3 1.5 4
17/11/2023 R1 6.5 2.8 5
R2 5.9 5 5
R3 8.5 4 6
24/11/2023 R1 10.6 8.4 7
R2 13.2 11.6 7
R3 12.4 10 6
01/11/2023 R1 13 12 5
R2 22 21 6
R3 17 16 7

Table 1a. Total Mean (inside the greenhouse)

LENGTH OF NO. OF
REPLECATION HEIGHT LEAVES LEAVES
(cm) (cm)
R1 7.74 5.2 4.6
R2 9.82 8.22 5.2
R3 9.32 6.48 5.4

cf 426.83
sst 30.32
sstr 23.02
 ANNOVA
TABLE
Mean
SV DF Sum of square Square f computed
Treatment 2 23.03 11.51 4.73
E error 3 7.30 2.43
total 5 30.32

Table 2: OUTSIDE THE GREENHOUSE

LENGTH OF NO. OF
DATE REPLECATION HEIGHT LEAVES LEAVES
(cm) (cm)
03/11/2023 R1 3.4 0.9 4
R2 3.1 0.7 4
R3 3.7 0.8 4
10/11/2023 R1 4.9 1.5 3
R2 3.5 1.4 4
R3 6.8 2.5 4
17/11/2023 R1 7 3 5
R2 4.2 3.2 5
R3 8 3.2 5
24/11/2023 R1 8 3.5 4
R2 4.5 3.7 4
R3 10 12 7
01/11/2023 R1 6 5 6
R2 5 5 5
R3 15 14 7
 Table 2a. Total Mean (outside the greenhouse)

LENGTH OF NO. OF
REPLECATION HEIGHT LEAVES LEAVES
(cm) (cm)
R1 5.86 2.78 4.4
R2 4.06 2.8 4.4
R3 8.7 6.5 5.4

cf 224.00
sst 28.21
sstr 7.42

ANNOVA
TABLE
Mean
DF Sum of square
SV Square f computed
Treatment 2 23.03 11.51 1.67
E error 3 20.79 6.93
total 5 30.33
Table 3: DATA UNDER WEATHER CONDITION INSIDE THE GREENHOUSE

RELATIVE
DATE TEMPERATURE HUMIDITY SOLAR POWER
(ᵒC) (%) (w/m^2)
02/11/2023 41.40 46.4 710.6
06/11/2023 30.7 74.5 358.9
08/11/2023 28.3 80 262.3
10/11/2023 34.2 66.2 328.6
13/11/2023 29.8 80.3 265.3
15/11/2023 32.6 64.5 297.6
17/11/2023 38.2 79.8 225.4
20/11/2023 36.9 74.2 225.9
22/11/2023 37.9 82.4 301.1
24/11/2023 34.5 76.2 203.8
27/11/2023 31.2 79.5 195.3
29/11/2023 33.5 83.7 192.4
01/12/2023 30.3 86.3 117.5
TOTAL 33.81 74.92307692 283.4384615
Table 4: DATA UNDER WEATHER CONDITION OUTSIDE THE GREENHOUSE

RELATIVE SOLAR
DATE TEMPERATURE HUMIDITY POWER
(ᵒC) (%) (w/m^2)
02/11/2023 34 62.4 247.4
06/11/2023 34.1 67.3 504.9
08/11/2023 26.9 89.5 350.6
10/11/2023 31.9 68.2 405.2
13/11/2023 27.5 74.2 409.3
15/11/2023 39.3 74.8 301.2
17/11/2023 41.6 83.5 293.9
20/11/2023 37.3 75.7 338.6
22/11/2023 40.6 64 461
24/11/2023 39.1 74.4 211.1
27/11/2023 36.3 79.5 215.4
29/11/2023 35.5 85.8 210.9
01/12/2023 38.4 85.4 163.2
TOTAL 35.57692308 75.74615385 316.3615385
TABLE 5. ANNOVA RESULT FOR TEMPERATURE

INSIDE OUTSIDE
TEMPERATURE TEMPERATURE
t-Test: Paired Two Sample for Means
(ᵒC) (ᵒC)
41.40 34 41.4 34
30.7 34.1 Mean 33.175 35.70833
28.3 26.9 Variance 10.74023 23.20629
34.2 31.9 Observations 12 12
29.8 27.5 Pearson Correlation 0.707254
Hypothesized Mean
32.6 39.3 0
Difference
38.2 41.6 df 11
36.9 37.3 t Stat -2.57496
37.9 40.6 P(T<=t) one-tail 0.012911
34.5 39.1 t Critical one-tail 1.795885
31.2 36.3 P(T<=t) two-tail 0.025821
33.5 35.5 t Critical two-tail 2.200985
30.3 38.4

Sample Size: N = 13 observations

Temperature (outside): Mean = 35.7088

Temperature (inside): Mean = 33.175,

P(T<=t) one-tail 0.012911

t Critical one-tail 1.795885

P(T<=t) two-tail 0.025821

t Critical two-tail 2.200985

Result: The independent-samples t-test revealed a significant difference in memory recall between

the temperature inside and outside the greenhouse.

ANNOVA RESULT FOR RELATIVE HUMIDITY

INSIDE OUTSIDE
RELATIVE RELATIVE
HUMIDITY HUMIDITY t-Test: Paired Two Sample for Means
(%) (%)
46.4 62.4 46.4 62.4
74.5 67.3 Mean 77.3 76.85833
80 89.5 Variance 43.73273 64.92447
66.2 68.2 Observations 12 12
80.3 74.2 Pearson Correlation 0.465095
Hypothesized Mean
64.5 74.8 0
Difference
79.8 83.5 df 11
74.2 75.7 t Stat 0.199032
82.4 64 P(T<=t) one-tail 0.422935
76.2 74.4 t Critical one-tail 1.795885
79.5 79.5 P(T<=t) two-tail 0.845869
83.7 85.8 t Critical two-tail 2.200985
86.3 85.4

Relative Humidity (outside): Mean = 76.85833

Relative Humidity (inside): Mean = 77.3

P(T<=t) one-tail 0.422935

t Critical one-tail 1.795885

P(T<=t) two-tail 0.845869

t Critical two-tail 2.200985

Result: The independent-samples t-test revealed a significant difference in memory recall between

the relative humidity inside and outside the greenhouse.

ANNOVA RESULT FOR SOLAR RADIATION

INSIDE OUTSIDE
SOLAR SOLAR
RADIATION RADIATION t-Test: Paired Two Sample for Means
(w/m^2) (w/m^2)
710.6 247.4 710.6 247.4
358.9 504.9 Mean 247.8417 322.1083
262.3 350.6 Variance 4584.557 11895.96
328.6 405.2 Observations 12 12
265.3 409.3 Pearson Correlation 0.897974
Hypothesized Mean
297.6 301.2 0
Difference
225.4 293.9 df 11
225.9 338.6 t Stat -4.5355
301.1 461 P(T<=t) one-tail 0.000425
203.8 211.1 t Critical one-tail 1.795885
195.3 215.4 P(T<=t) two-tail 0.00085
192.4 210.9 t Critical two-tail 2.200985
117.5 163.2

Solar Radiation (outside): Mean = 322.1083

Solar Radiation (inside): Mean = 247.8417

P(T<=t) one-tail 0.000425

t Critical one-tail 1.795885

P(T<=t) two-tail 0.00085

t Critical two-tail 2.200985

Result: The independent-samples t-test revealed a significant difference in memory recall between

the solar radiation inside and outside the greenhouse.