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BEHAVIORISM
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University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee

Early forms of psychology assumed that mental life was the appropri-
ate subject matter for psychology, and introspection was an appropriate
method to engage that subject matter. In 1913, John B. Watson proposed
an alternative: classical S–R behaviorism. According to Watson, behav-
ior was a subject matter in its own right, to be studied by the obser-
vational methods common to all sciences. Unfortunately, by around
1930, Watson’s behaviorism had proved inadequate. Many researchers
and theorists then adopted a view in which various organismic entities
were inferred to mediate the relation between S and R: mediational
S–O–R neobehaviorism. This general view has remained influential,
although the details of the various versions have differed over the
years. The behavior analysis of B. F. Skinner took an entirely differ-
ent approach. Particularly important was the study of verbal behavior.
Although behaviorism is often conventionally defined as an approach
that seeks to explain behavior without directly appealing to mental
or cognitive processes, this definition needs considerable clarification,
especially as it pertains to Skinner’s behavior analysis and his view of
behaviorism as a philosophy of science.
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The Radical Behaviorism of B. F. Skinner

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Some Basic Principles of B. F. Skinner’s “Radical Behaviorism”

1. Behavior: A subject matter in its own right. Behavior  ! 
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2. Analytic concepts: Functional, relational, and generic?!   !
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Summary and Conclusions

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References
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