Acidic strength

H A H A

H A H A

Stability :- A > A

Acidic character :- HA > HA

Acidic strength EWG

Stability of conjugate base (anion)
÷
EDG
Acid - H+
 Compare Acidic Strength:-
(A)
(1) CH4 (2) NH3

(3) H2O (4) HF

 Solution : 4>3>2>1

If -ve charge is present at those atoms which lie in the same

period , then deciding factor will be electronegativity.

(B) (1) HF (2) HCl

(3) HBr (4) HI

 Solution :- 4>3>2>1

While going down a group ; size will be deciding factor.

(C) (1) (2)
CH3 — CH3 CH2 — CH2

(3) CH CH
Solution :- 3 > 2 > 1
Acidic strength % of S-character.

r
(D)
¥

E
ÉE

EE
Solution :- c > b > d > a

(E)

:
 Solution :- b > a > c > d
(F) (a) OH
OH (b)

Br
Cl
OH
(c)

F
 Solution :- b > a > c

(7) (A) Cl
(B)

COOH
COOH
Cl

Cl
(C)

COOH
Solution:- a > b> c
OH
(8) (a) OH
(b)

F
Cl Cl
OH
(c) (d) OH

Br
Cl
Br
Solution :- d > c > a > b

Priority order :- Distance > No. > Strength

(9)
(a) (b)
Ph — OH CH2 — COOH

(c) H2O (d) CH3 CH2 OH

Solution:- b > a > c > d
(10) OH OH
(a) (b)

Me Eth
(c) (d) (e)
OH OH OH

O CHO F
Solution:- d > e > b > a > c
On basis of H

i
OH
(11) (a) OH
(b)

OH OH
(c) (d)

Cl
Solution:- d > c > b > a
OH OH
(12) (a) (b) Me

Me

OH OH
(c) (d)

Me
Solution:- d > c > a > b
OH OH
(13) (a)
(b)

OH
(c) OH (d)
Solution:- a > d > c > b
(14) (a) (b)
OH OH
NO2

NO2

(c) OH OH
(d)

NO2
Solution:- b > a > c > d

(15) (a) OH (b) OH

NO2

NO2
NO2
(c) OH (d) OH
NO2
NO2

NO2 NO2
Solution:- d > a > c > b
Because at meta position, only inductive effect is present.
(16) (a) COOH COOH
(b)

Eth Me—N—Eth

(c) COOH COOH

(d)

CHO F
Solution:- c > d > a > b
COOH COOH
(17) (a)
(b)

Cl

(c) COOH (d) COOH

NO2
Solution:- c > b > d > a

(18) COOH (b) COOH

(a)
Eth

Eth
(c) (d) COOH
COOH

Eth
Solution:- a > d > c > b (Due to ortho effect.)
(19 (1)
(2)
Solution:- 2 > 1
(20) (1)
(2)
NO2 NO2
Solution :- 1 > 2
(21) (2)
(1)
OH OH

NO2 NO2
Solution:- 1 > 2

(22) (1)
(2)
OH OH

CN CN
Solution:- 2 > 1

(23) (1) COOH

COOH (2)
NO2

NO2
COOH COOH
(3) (4)

NO2
Solution:- 2 > 1 > 3 > 4

(24) (1) (2)

O
CH3 — C — OH

(3)
Ph — OH
Solution:- 2 > 1 > 3

(25) (1)
(2)
HCOOH
CH3COOH

(3)
Ph—COOH
Solution:- 1 > 3 > 2
(26) (1) (2)
CH3 — CH3 CH3 — NH2

(3) (4) (5)

CH3 — OH CH2 — CH2 CH — CH
Solution:- 3 > 5 > 2 > 4 > 1
(Terminal alkyne stable than Amino and OH)
(27)
(1) (2)

:
Solution:- 2 > 1

(28)
(1) CHCl3 (2) CHF3

Solution:- 1 > 2
Acidic strength order :-
R —SO3H > H3O / ROH2 > Picric acid > Squaric acid > R —COOH >
NH4 > R—NH3 > Ph—OH > H2O > ROH
it Acidic strength Ka 1
PKa

Base strength

Base :- Proton के साथ Covalent bonds —> Base

—> atom attached should have lone pair / -ve charge
 B + H —> B—H

B + H —> B—H

Stability B > B

Basic strength :- BH > BH

Basic strength 1 1 EDG

:
Stability of anion Resonance EWG
Compare basic strength :-
(1) (1)
CH3 (2) NH2

(3) OH (4) F
Solution:- 1 > 2 > 3 > 4

(2)
(1) F (2) Cl

(3) (4)
Br I
Solution:- 1 > 2 > 3 > 4

(3)
(1) CH3COO (2)
Ph — O

(4)
(3)
CH3 — SO3 CH3 — CH2 — O
Solution:- 4 > 2 > 3 > 1
Jitna easily lone pair donate
Comparing Neutral atoms:- Basic strength

KE
IÉ .
/
:

B H B—H
i
@

B H B—H

-
(1)
(1) (2)
•

CH3 — O H

:
CH3 — NH2
••

(3)
:

CH3 — F
Solution:- 2 > 1 > 3

(2)
(1) (2)

•
•
•
CH3 — CH2 — NH2 CH3 — CH — NH

(3)

•
•
CH3 — C — N
Solution:- 1 > 2 > 3

(3)
(1) (2)

:
NH2 NH2
Solution:- 1 > 2
(4)
(1) (2)

-
(3)
.

(4)
Solution:- 1 > 2 > 3 > 4
H
(5) NH2
(1) N (2)

N (4)
(3)

N
H
Solution:- 4 > 3 > 2 > 1

Lone pair involved in maintaining aromaticity will be less stable

then involved resonance.
(6)
(1) (2)

NH2
NH2

(3) (4)

Ph—NH2

NH2
Solution:- 2>1>4>3
H
(7) (1) (2)
N

N —H

H
(3) (4)
N
N—H

i
Solution:- 2>3>4>1
(8)(1) NH2
(2) NH2

OMe CHO
(3) NH2
(4) NH2

F
Eth
Solution:- 1>4>3>2
(9) NH2 NH2
(1)
(2)
NO2

NO2

(3) (4)
NH2 NH2

NO2
 Solution:- 4>2>3>1

(10) NH2 NH2

(1) (2)
Eth

Eth

(3) NH2 (4) NH2

Eth
Solution:- 3>2>4>1 (Due to ortho effect)
NH
(11) NH2
(1) (2)

NH2
Amidine unit

:
NH
(3)

NH2 NH2
Guanidine unit
Solution:- 3>2>1
NH2
(12) (1) (2)
N
H— N N
N
H

(4)
(3)

N—H

N
H
Solution:- 2>1>4>3
(13)
(1)
(2)
CH3 — NH2 CH3
NH
CH3

(3) CH3 (4)

CH3 — N NH3

CH3
 Solution:- 3>2>1>4 2>1>3>4

In gas phase / non-polar In polar medium

(14)
(1) (2) C2H5 — NH
C2H5 — NH2
C2H5

(3) C2H5
(4)
NH3
C2H5 — N

C2H5
Solution:- 3>2>1>4 2>3>1>4
Gas phase Polar medium

Basic strength Kb 1

i
PKb