FOREWARD

With profound gatitude and humility. I take this opportunity to thank all the staff members
of MAHAYA PRIMARY SCHOOL - including the teaching and non teaching staff for the much
needed favourable and peacefull condition plus the teaching and learning resourses they have
granted us to show our prowess as top-notch primary educators in the country, more so to Our
unrivalled Head teacher -Mr.Joseph O. Odek, not forgeting the dedicated C.B.C pupils of
Mahaya primary school and pupils and the staff members of the SMART TUITION CENTER. May
our good Lord continue Blessing you.

This we hope is just but the first detailed CBC reference pocketbook among the soon
coming revision kits for other learning areas (subjects). As a team of dedicated educators we
promise to work day and night for the sake of our candidates -Grade six who will be the first lot
to sit their final national assessment (Kenya Primary School Education Assessment-K.P.S.E.A.)
under the new 2:6:3:3:3 system of education in Kenya today.

As a matter of argency the booklet include hand written scripts that we hope shall be
typed soon in another even more detailed edition.

Thank you and may God bless you.

Mr.Aloo Benard Olowa. Currenty an Art and Craft teacher at Mahaya Primary school.

Tel No. 0798-373730

May 2022

Dedicated to: Beatrice Angel GRADE 6 -Daughter

THE DICTIONARY OF ART AND CRAFT GRADE 6

By Mr. Aloo Olowa.

STRAND1: PICTURE MAKING

A. DRAWING

· Stippling technique is a method that involve using dots to shade a drawing.

NB: Materials required in drawing using stippling techniqe

1. pencil or a pen

2. rular

3. rubber

4. object to be drawn

5. drawing paper

· Tonal value The darkness and lightness of the colour of an object

tonal value is created by using shading and tinting technique

NB: Methods of giving value to an object

6. stippling

7. scumbling

8. shading/colouring

9. smudging/blending

10. crosshatching

11. hatching
 · Tonal variation

· proportion

· balance is the arrangement of objects in a space within a picture composition

NB: Ways of creating balance include:

12. placeng objects at the center of a drawing space

13. arranging items in a way that the left and right side of the composition are not equal
 14. arranging forms in a circular manner

· overlapping objects objects are said to be overlapping when they are placed or drawn in
a way that they appear to be covering or blocking each others parts (they show rhythm)

· Foreground is the space closest to the viewer, at the bottom of the artwork

· middle ground is the space between the background and the foreground

· background is the space furthest from the viewer,at the top of the artwork

· texture is the perceived surface quality of a work of art

B. DRAWING

NB: Types of drawing

15. Still life drawing/composition is a drawing of non living objects arranged in a specific
way

16. Drawing from memory drawing of objects from artist memory or drawing something
you saw in the past
 17. Imaginative drawing/composition is a drawing made from an idea that is in your mind

C. PAINTING

· painting is the skill of creating an image using paint

· A palette is a flat surface on which a painter arranges and mixes paints

Materials used in painting include

18. paints

19. painting surface as: paper, cloth,canvas,stone,skin,walls and boards

Tools used in painting include

20. paintbrush

21. a sponge

22. a paint pallete

 23. a spatula

· Centre of interest is the part of a painting that attracts attention

How to create center of interest

24. By making some objects in the picture bigger than the rest

25. Using colours that contrast (using different colours)

26. Placing the object at the center of the painting

· proportionality is the characteristic of a painting to show relative size and shape of an

object compared to another

· Depth is the perceived distance between the background and the foreground of a
composition

· Shading involves adding black to a colour to make it look dark

· Tinting involves adding white to a colour to make it look light

MONTAGE

Methods that involve cutting and pasting materials

27. Montage is a type of art that involve sticking different materials together to make a
picture on a surface

28. collage

29. mosaic

Base is a mounting surface where materials are stuck to make a montage

NB: a base can be

30. manilla paper

31. cardboard

32. hard board

33. plywood

34. Fabric
Where to obtain pictures for montage

35. old newspapers

36. old magazines

37. calendars

38. downloaded and printed images

materials required when making a montage

39. base-cardboard, manula paper etc

40. adhesive-office glue,plant sap etc

41. razor or scissor

42. pictres

factors to consider when making a montage

43. place smaller pictures partly ontop of bigger ones to achieve balance

44. use more than half of mounting surface, ensure balance

45. arrange them on a way to communicate or to tell a story or send a message.

46. trim the parts that are outside the mounting surface

a paper edge scissor

subject matters/themes that can be captured in a montage a montage

47. environmental conservation

48. wildlife

49. covid-19pandemic

50. personal hygiene

51. drug and drug abuse

52. HIV awareness

STRAND 2. INDIGENOUSE KENYAN CRAFTS

BASKETRY

· Basketry is the art of making containers and other items using flexible fibres

· A dowel loom is a simple type of loom made by tying four sticks at four corners to make
a frame used in weaving

materials needed in waving

53. a dowel loom

54. weaving material as banana fibre etc

55. sharp tools as blade,scissor,kinife etc

56. measuring tape

Techniques/methods used in basketry

57. plain weaving

58. twine weaving

59. coil and stitch technique is the art of coiling materials in a circular form and sticking
them together using aneedle and thread to make items

· plaited coils are coils made by braiding two or more strands of a material to make a
pattern

· rolled coils are made by rolling strands of materials together

materials that can be rolled in coil and stitch method

Natural materials

60. banana fibre

61. reeds

62. sisal fibre

63. palm leaves

64. old fabrick

65. raffia
 66. papyrus

67. thin sticks

Manmade materials

68. nylon rope

69. acraylic yarn

70. carbon fibre

71. polyester yarn

Factors to consider when selecting materials for coiling

72. Durability

73. Easy to clean

74. Non slippery

Methods for preparing materials used in coil and stitch technique

75. dyeing is the process os changing the original colour of waving materials by dipping
them in a colour

76. plaiting involve braiding together fibres of materials to make a single string of fibre

77. tearing-involve splitting materials as banana fibre in to thin strips

78. stripping

79. shredding

80. cutting

Tools and materials needed for tearing process

81. Banana fibre

82. cutting tool eg. knife,machete

83. measuring tape

Tools and materials needed in Dyeing method

84. thread,cellotape
 85. sufuria,basin,water,heat source

86. commercial or natural dye (roots,coffee pawder, tea leaves, flowers of different colours

87. fixatives (salt,soda ash or vinegar)

88. apron

Tools and materials needed in plaiting technique

89. strands of dyed thread

90. a rular or tape measure

Tools and materials needed in stripping process

91. fibre stripper

92. water

93. sisal

94. basin

95. cutting tools

Precautions to take when tearing

96. wear a protective clothing eg safety gloves and apron

97. check movement of cutting material not to cut yourself

98. do not splash the liquid from stem into your eyes

Precautions to take when Dyeing

99. wear safety gloves

100. take care not to splash hot mixtures on the body

Factors to consider when making items using coil and stitch technique

101. Uniformity of coils-use coils of same,size, strength and thickness

102. consistent tension-tight and consistent

103. craftmanship- cut off extra material,edges stitched,join neatly

 104. nature of materials-strong,flexible and non slippery

Materials and tools needed in making a door mat using coil and stitch

105. needle

106. pair of scissor or cutter

107. manmade or natural materials

108. thread(woolen,nylon)

LEATHERWORK

Leatherwork is the art of using different types of leather to make items.

Tanning is the process by which the skin of an animal is treated ao that it cannot decompose
and biodegrade/rot

Items that can be made out of leather

109. belts ,bags,shoe, book cover,saddlesh

Thonging technique

methods of decorating leather

110. beading technique involve using colourful beards to make an item more colourful
and attractive using different line patterns as straight,zigzag and wavy

111. Stitching technique involve using stitches to decorate leather items.

112. use of colour involve use of beards with different colours to create colour patterns

· Wristband are decorative items won around the wrist

· Beaded leather wristband are wristbands made using leather material and beards

Tools used when making leather items

113. Scrap cutter/leather knife-used to cut out and remove unwanted parts also used
to cut leather into strips

114. pair of scissor- used to cut leather

115. Revolving punch-makes holes in leather

 116. chisel- used to make holes in the leather

117. mallet- usedfor tapping the chisel

118. Pliers- used for removing pins

119. shoe polish,wax or natural oil- gives leather a shiny glow and an attractive look

processes involved in leather making

120. Dyeing

121. painting

122. carving it entails using metal impliments to compress moistened leather in such a
way as to a three dimensional effect

123. stamping involve

124. molding/shaping

125. Etching