Professional Documents
Culture Documents
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s-manual/
SM 1-1
Which Law?
1. K
2. H
3. B
4. F
5. I
6. J
7. A
8. D
9. G
10. C
11. E
1. D
2. A
3. F
4. C
5. G
6. J
7. B
8. I
9. H
10. E
What’s Ethical?
1. Answers will vary. Some concerns include data privacy and integrity in the software
switchover, tax and employee pay integrity on the new software, and employee pay methods.
2. Answers will vary. Liza could choose to ignore her sorority sister’s request, claiming
professional responsibility. She could also discontinue active participation in the sorority. In any
case, Liza must not consent to her sorority sister’s request for confidential information.
Confidential Records
As a payroll clerk, your task is to protect the privacy and confidentiality of the information you
maintain for the company. If a student group—or any personnel aside from the company’s
payroll employees and officers—wishes to review confidential records, you should deny their
request. If needed, you should refer the group to your department’s manager to discuss the matter
in more depth. The laws that apply to this situation are the Privacy Act of 1974, the Freedom of
1. Large companies face issues with multiple departments, employee access to online
2. For small companies, the cost of outsourcing the payroll function needs to be considered.
On one hand, a small company may not have personnel who are proficient with payroll
regulations and tax reporting requirements, which leaves a company vulnerable to legal
actions and stringent fines. However, engaging a payroll service company may be cost
prohibitive. The decision to outsource the payroll for a small company should take into
account the number of personnel, locations, and types of operations in which the
company engages.
a. Manual payroll systems involve the use of paper and pencil recordkeeping or a
spreadsheet program, such as Microsoft Excel. This is most appropriate for very small
firms.
b. Computerized payroll systems can be used by any company, regardless of size. Examples
of computerized systems include, QuickBooks, Sage 100, and Microsoft Dynamics GP.
These computer packages range in price, depending on the company size and operational
scope.
d. Certified payroll pertains to companies with employees who work on federal government
REVIEW QUESTIONS
a. Provide for internal and external reporting of employee wages and associated taxes,
serves as a means of tracking labor costs that managers use for decision-making,
2. What are two differences between large- and small-company payroll practices?
a. Small companies would have fewer employees and reporting requirements, and
disbursements, and reporting. Larger companies may also provide Intranet portals for
Tuesday, Sept. 6.—Therm. 60°. Had a row with the Sheïkh. Some
of the people had stolen my horse’s corn. A cool wind from the N.E.
Abú upset the milk I had saved for breakfast. We started at half-past
nine, and rode fast for fourteen miles E.N.E., and then due N.
Crossed several sand-hills, and saw many gazelles, boars and
serpents. At five P.M. came to a small spring of fresh water. My horse
has been three days without any, and has had only salt water since
the day before he left Wad Nún. We came almost to blows to get a
mouthful for him; I was obliged to go without any myself; for as the
quantity is so small, it is the law to keep it for human beings alone.
We halted for an hour, and then turning a little west, crossed a high
range, and came again to El Bushra, where I got a belly-full of milk
and of bread which was now mouldy.
Wednesday, Sept. 7.—Therm. 60°. It was arranged for us to
return home this evening; but a dispute arose about a spring, and
some salt-beds, and the question of war with the Tagakánths and
Ergebats detained us the whole day. This conference was one of the
most interesting scenes I ever witnessed. Upon one of the poles of
the tent were suspended the guns, on the other the sword and
cuneas; the Sheïkh stood in the centre, myself at his right hand, and
the Kadí on his left; the charges and questions, the animated
pleadings, the powerful appeals, &c. together with the noise of those
siding with each party, all presented a striking picture. There was
some difficulty in settling matters; but all differences were eventually
brought to a close by a feast, when I got my milk and laid down.
Thursday, Sept. 8.—Therm. 62°. Off at half-past six. Rode very
fast till half-past one, when we halted at the Sheïkh’s garden. We
had crossed the Assaka, and came to the Syod, which is here only a
ditch. We then lighted a fire, and got some good tea made with fresh
water; there was plenty of figs to give a relish to the remainder of the
musty bread. I had now travelled hard for ten days, and had eaten
nothing but a small piece of fish, dry bread and camel’s milk. I
perfectly astonished these people, ............... but was much benefitted
and pleased by the trip. Got home at six P.M. when I had coffee and a
wash.
Here ends Mr. Davidson’s Journal, from which the notes have
been extracted; and the three following letters, addressed to Mr.
Willshire, will tell all that his friends have to communicate up to the
period of his lamented decease.