So rane Fin Comacon ISOTHERMAL BaTCH REACTOR (WiTH Data Loccinc Faciity) Osvective; To study of a non-catalytic homogeneous reaction in an isothermal batch reactor. Aim: + To study the progress of a chemicals reaction and determine the kinetic parameters. + To determine the effect of temperature on reaction rate constant. INTRODUCTION: A batch reactor is a closed system with no input and output streams. A batch reactor can operate under the following conditions . Isothermal (lemperature of reaction mass remains constant). . Perfectly mixed (composition of the reaction mixture is uniform through out). . Constant volume (volume of the reaction mixture within the reactor remains constant, there Is no appreciable change in the density of reaction mass). THEORY: Reaction: NaOH + CHs;COOGC:H; > CHs;COONa + C-HsOH (A) (B) (Cc) (D) The above reaction is second order reaction (n = 2) For second order reaction =aC, dt -h= =fy= Rh icons (1) KC Engineer PU. Lined, Ambala ISOTHERMAL BATCH REACTOR ‘ath Date Logging Facility) ‘Poge No. # of 7 (Rev. $)Egrnnnng Growin Connacton Where —r, is rate of disappearance of A, C, is concenttation of A at any time 1, K is rate constant The performance equation for the batch reactor is: % a, ai r -@) Where t is time of reaction,C,,._ is initial concentration of A,C,is concentration of A at any time t. ‘Substitute the value of ~ r, ineq” (2) from eq” (1) 19 ay Ke, Ca i (3) ‘On solving the above equation we get -C, Degree of conversion, X, ee) Also, a plot of t vs. Xa/ (1-Xa) shall yield a straight line for an assumed second order reaction with slope = 1/(KC,,). From this slope rate constant, K can be calculated. Effect of temperature on reaction rate constant is expressed in terms of Arthenius'iaw kekK,ee"" Kis the frequency factor and E Is called the activation energy of reaction, R is real gas constant, and T is reaction temperature. A plot of In K vs 1/T on semilog paper yields a straight line with slope = -E/R From this slope, activation energy, E can be calculated KC. Engineers Pvt Limied, Ambale ISOTHERMAL BATCH REACTOR (hy Data Logging Fecity) Pago No.2 of (Rev. 1)Description; The set up consists of a reactor made up of Borosilicate glass fitted in a constant temperature water bath, One stirrer is fitted for mixing the reactants in reactor and other is fitied in water bath to keep the uniform temperature throughout in the bath, The temperature of bath can be maintained from ambient to 80°C with the help of digital temperature indicator cum controller, Product trom the reactor is analyzed by electronic sensor, The present set-up has a facility to interface the system with computer which enables to log the experimental data using computer, The educational software and data-logging package has been developed for unit, This software is capable to tabulate the sample readings according to the requirement of experiment under study and results obtained can be compared. Uriuities REQuirep: 61 Electricity Supply: Single Phase, 220 V AC, 50 Hz, 5-15 Amp combined socket with earth connection. 62 Water supply (Initial fill) 63 Floor Brain Required. 64 Computer system : Pentium IV with DVD drive, Windows 7,MS-office 7 version pre loaded, One USB slot required in PC for DATA ACQUISITION CARD. 65 Laboratory glass wate: Beaker (500 ml) 02 Nos. 66 Chemicals: Distilled water 02 Lit NaOH Pellets E: 10gm Ethyl acetate 15 mi KC: Enginoor Pt Lined, Ama ISOTHERMAL BATCH REACTOR ‘(With Data Logging Facitty) Frage No.3 0f7 (Rev. 1)INSTALLATION PRocepURE OF SOFTWARE: Two DVDs are provided with the equipment, One DVD is of Device Driver and other DVD of Operating Software, First, place the device driver OVO in DVD-ROM and wait for 5 to 10 seconds. A blue-colored window appears on the screen. Install the software as per directions. When installation is finished, a shortcut would be created on the desktop showing name as “NI-Max”. Restart the computer system. Fix USB Card in empty USB slots. This ends the completion of loading of DAQ Card Driver. Now, take Operating Software DVD and place in DVD-ROM. Open DVD and open folder Isothermal Batch Reactor.” and then double click on "Setup.exe". Follow the instructions and do the installation. Go to desktop and double click on *Ni-Max”. A window opens and looks at left side. Follow the path as "My System" > “Devices and Interfaces" > Click on USB-6008: “Devt”, Right click and rename i as “Q4ae and press “enter”. Now, it appears as USB- 8008; “O49:, Close the window, After ompletion of installation *restart’ the computer system” MertHop OF Oreratinc Sortware: ‘Open the EXE of selected condenser by clicking it from program Menu of main Menu bar. Enter Password “kce" for the software and press “enter” or click “OK. Click the “Interface” button to open interface of the software. In the entire software, a "NEXT" button is provided, at left front, which enables to go to next step. Another button named as “BACK” is present, This facilitates to retrieve last step taken. An “EXIT” bution, at Fight bottom end, is present there. It may be used to exit al any session and finally, stopping the software. Note: In the absence of external hardware (USB-6008), the interfacing section may not able to work. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE: 9.1 Startinc Proceoure: 5.1.1 Prepare 1L of N/10 sodium hydroxide solution by dissolving 4 gm of sodium hydroxide in 1L of distilled water. 91.2 Prepare 1L of N/10 ethyl acetate solution by mixing 8:6 gm (or 9.8 ml) of ethyl acetate in 1L of distilled water, 8.1.3 Put 400 mi sodium hydroxide and ethyl acetate in two 500 mi beaker. Engineers Pu Linted, Amba (SOTHERIAL BATCH REACTOR (With Bata Looping Fociiys Page No. #017 (Ray. 1)- ' 8.14 Close all the va Fill water in the: 9.1.6 Fill ethyl acetate 9.4.7 Ensure that ON/OF }e panel are at OFF position. 9.1.8 Set the reaction to (60-70) °C) by increment, decrement and set bi 9.1.9 Connect electric supply to th 9.1.10 Start the heater and stirrer of d wait till constant temperature is attained 9.1.14 Fill sodium hydroxide into the 9.1.12 Start motor and stirrer of the reactor, 9.1.13 At regular intervals of 3-5 min record the conductivity of reactants in computer interface, 9.1.14 Record the reaction temperature. 9.1.15 Repeat the experiment for different reaction temperature. 9.2 Cosine Procepure: 8.2.1 When experiment is over switch OFF the motor and stirter of reactor. 92.2 Switch OFF the heater and stimer of the water bath. 9.2.3 Drain the reactor and water bath by open their drain valves respectively 0. Osservation & CALCULATION: 10.1 Data: initial concentration of NaOH in feed mixture Gap @04 molelivs IAC Engineers Pu Limtod. Ambain (SOTHERMAL BATCH REACTOR (Wt) Date Log0m9 Facty) ‘Page Ne Bf 7 (Rev. 1)10.2 Osservation TABLE: = S.No. T(°) t(min) | CalmotelL) 10.3 Carcucations: Ea = Cx (mote min) (CC ye Catcutation Taste: 1 S. No. t (min) Xa K (LImole min) NoMENCLATURE: Nom | Column Heading Units. Type , | Concentration of unreacted NaOH in the reactor mole. | Measured C,, _| Initial concentration of NaOH in the feed mixture mole/L Calculated K | Rate constant for individual run U mole min | Calculated Nusow | Normality of NaOH in feed solution gegit Given T | Reaction temperature Se Given t | Time min Measured X, | Degree of conversion 4) . Calculated * Symbols represent unitless quantity 1G Engiwers Pv. Limited. Ambala ISOTHERMAL BATCH REACTOR with atPRECAUTION & MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTIONS: ct volume of water and weigh the chemicals. 121 Measure the exa chemicals and standard solution for 42.2 Always use distilled water, good quality titration. 12.3 Keep close all the drain valves while filing the reactant in reactor. 124 Handle the chemicals carefully. 425 Don't ON heater switch before filling water in the water bath. TROUBLESHOOTING: 13.1. Ifthere is any leakage tight that part or fix it again after wrapping teflon tape. 132 if D.T.C do not display on display board it means sensor connection is not proper (tight computer jacket). 13.3 If switch of the heater is ON but temperature can't rise but panel LED is ON it means bath heater had bumed replace that. REFERENCES: 14.1 Levenspiel, Octave (2001). Chemical Reaction Engineering. 3° Ed. NY: John Wiley & Sons, pp 27-29, 44, 92, 111. 142 Fogler H. Scoot (2008). Elements of Chemical Reaction Engineering. 4" Ed, ND: Prentice-Hall of India = Pvt. = Ltd. = pp 148-150, 162-156, serena ines er aay my