What is a function?

A function is defined as a relation between a set of inputs

having one output each. In simple words, a function is a relationship between
inputs where each input is related to exactly one output. Every function has a
domain and codomain or range. A function is generally denoted by f(x) where x is
the input. The general representation of a function is y = f(x).

These functions are also classified into various types, which we will discuss here.
Check Relations and Functions lesson for more information.

What is a Function in Maths?

A function in maths is a special relationship among the inputs (i.e. the domain)
and their outputs (known as the codomain) where each input has exactly one output,
and the output can be traced back to its input.

Types of Functions in Maths

An example of a simple function is f(x) = x2. In this function, the function f(x)
takes the value of “x” and then squares it. For instance, if x = 3, then f(3) = 9.
A few more examples of functions are: f(x) = sin x, f(x) = x2 + 3, f(x) = 1/x, f(x)
= 2x + 3, etc.

There are several types of functions in maths. Some important types are:

Injective function or One to one function: When there is mapping for a range for
each domain between two sets.
Surjective functions or Onto function: When there is more than one element mapped
from domain to range.
Polynomial function: The function which consists of polynomials.
Inverse Functions: The function which can invert another function.
These were a few examples of functions. It should be noted that there are various
other functions like into function, algebraic functions, etc.