13) Solution Discharge Q = Cd L (2 g) ^ (1/2) H ^ (3/2)

Where:
Q = Discharge (300 liters/s)
Cd = Discharge coefficient (0.62)
L = Length of the notch (unknown)
g = Acceleration due to gravity (9.81 m/s^2)
H = Head of water (900 mm or 0.9 m)

First, let's convert the units:

300 liters/s = 0.3 m^3/s
900 mm = 0.9 m

Now, we can rearrange the formula to solve for the length of the notch (L):
L = Q / (Cd (2 g) ^ (1/2) H ^ (3/2))

Plugging in the values:

L = 0.3 / (0.62 (2 9.81) ^ (1/2) 0.9 ^ (3/2))

By solving the above expression, we can find the length of the notch. Let's do the
calculation:

L = 0.3 / (0.62 6.26 0.9 ^ (1.5))

L = 0.3 / (3.8832 0.9 ^ (1.5))
L = 0.3 / (3.8832 0.997497)
L ≈ 0.3 / 3.8667
L ≈ 0.0776 meters

14) The drag force on a smooth sphere of diameter D moving with a uniform velocity
V in a fluid can be expressed using the drag force equation, also known as Stokes'
law, given by:

F=6 π μ V D

Where:
F = Drag force
π = Pi (approximately 3.14159)
μ = Dynamic viscosity of the fluid
V = Velocity of the sphere
D = Diameter of the sphere

In this case, the density of the fluid is not directly involved in the drag force
calculation for a smooth sphere. The expression for the drag force above is based on
laminar flow conditions (low Reynolds number) and assumes that the sphere is small
relative to the fluid. If the sphere is large relative to the fluid, turbulent flow
conditions may apply, and the calculation of drag force becomes more complex,
involving additional factors and coefficients.