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Technical Manual
Tetra Pak® A3/Flex
648575-0600
Food Safety Chart
WARNING
Read and follow all safety precaution instructions throughout this
document and on safety signs attached to this equipment.
Failure to follow all safety precaution instructions could result in death or
serious injury.
, Tetra Pak, and all other trademarks displayed in this document are the property of the
Tetra Pak International SA. Tetra Pak Packaging Solutions together with Tetra Pak
International SA form part of ‘the Tetra Pak Group’. The content of this document is in
accordance with the design and construction of the machine or equipment at the time of
publishing. The Tetra Pak Group reserves the right to introduce design modifications without
prior notice.
The English language version of this document contains the original instructions. All other
language versions are translations of the original instructions.
This document was produced and printed by:
Tetra Pak Packaging Solutions
Via Delfini 1
41123 Modena
Italy
TeM
Technical Manual
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Doc. No. TeM-3594390-0102 7 (38)
Introduction
Description
This chapter contains basic information about this document and the related
Tetra Pak® equipment.
Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
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Doc. No. TeM-3594390-0102 9 (38)
Introduction
General Information
Food safety is related to the elimination and/or minimization of the risk of health
hazards in food products at the point of consumption. As food safety hazards may be
introduced at any stage of the food production chain, adequate control throughout
the food production chain is essential.
The establishment of documented Food Safety programs is paramount for any
organisation involved in manufacturing, catering and preparing food and food
ingredients. A suitable method to build Food Safety systems, acknowledged in many
legislation and recommended by FAO/WHO Codex Alimentarius Commission1, is the
HAZARD ANALYSIS and CRITICAL CONTROL POINT (HACCP)2, that focuses on
microbiological, chemical and physical hazards for food consumer's safety.
The responsibility of creating and maintaining HACCP plans lies in all cases on who
manufactures, caters and prepares food. It is thus not possible for Tetra Pak or any
other equipment supplier, to certify any equipment to be utilised in food
manufacturing/handling operations according to a HACCP based food safety
program.
Even though Tetra Pak cannot issue HACCP plans for any supplied processing or
packaging equipment, internationally accepted general Hygienic Design and Food
Safety Principles are applied in internal development processes for Tetra Pak
processing and packaging equipment.
1. FAO/WHO Codex Alimentarius, Doc. CAC/RCP 1/1969 "General Principles of Food Hygiene", Rev. 4 (2003). Website:
http://www.codexalimentarius.net.
2. See Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) on page 16, for more details.
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Doc. No. TeM-3594390-0102 11 (38)
Content and Purpose Introduction
Please note that the processes reported in the FSC are described as originally
specified, designed and implemented by Tetra Pak. Any modification to processes,
parameters and critical limits (for instance to fill specific food products, or related to
production premises, line design, maintenance schemes, operator routines, quality
of utilities, etc., of a specific production line) is outside the scope of the FSC and is
not covered.
The Food Safety Chart (FSC) does not necessarily include the complete detailed
information needed. It should therefore only be used as a complement to, and
always together with, other machine specific manuals supplied by Tetra Pak. For
each process step covered in the FSC there is a specific reference made to other
Tetra Pak manuals where the complete and detailed information is available.
The FSC document should primarily be used as a checklist during development of a
Food Safety plan/program for a production line which includes the specific
equipment unit. Distribution of the FSC to operators and maintenance staff for
purposes other than food safety analysis/planning is not recommended.
The FSC covers only Food Safety aspects and does not address other important
aspects of a food manufacturing line such as food quality, line efficiency, production
planning issues etc. Additional measures might need to be addressed and other
critical limits might apply in order to optimize other essential aspects of food
manufacturing and distribution.
To avoid misinterpretation it is important to observe the definitions listed below and
the explanatory legend of the FSC.
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Doc. No. TeM-3594390-0102 13 (38)
Food Safety Chart Definitions and
Legend Introduction
Value(s) of the control parameter that triggers a system response when exceeded.
Set Point
Value (or range of values) of the control parameter at which the process is designed
to operate.
Monitoring Procedure
"(…) The HACCP system, which is science based and systematic, identifies specific
hazards and measures for their control to ensure the safety of food. HACCP is a tool
to assess hazards and establish control systems that focus on prevention rather than
relying mainly on end-product testing. Any HACCP system is capable of
accommodating change, such as advances in equipment design, processing
procedures or technological developments.
HACCP can be applied throughout the food chain from primary production to final
consumption and its implementation should be guided by scientific evidence of risks
to human health. As well as enhancing food safety, implementation of HACCP can
provide other significant benefits. In addition, the application of HACCP systems can
aid inspection by regulatory authorities and promote international trade by increasing
confidence in food safety.
The successful application of HACCP requires the full commitment and involvement
of management and the work force. It also requires a multi disciplinary approach; this
multi disciplinary approach should include, when appropriate, expertise in agronomy,
veterinary health, production, microbiology, medicine, public health, food technology,
environmental health, chemistry and engineering, according to the particular study.
The application of HACCP is compatible with the implementation of quality
management systems, such as the ISO 9000 series, and is the system of choice in
the management of food safety within such systems. (…)"
(Cont’d)
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Doc. No. TeM-3594390-0102 15 (38)
Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point
(HACCP) Introduction
(Cont’d)
Main Internet websites for more information about HACCP principles and their
application in food production, catering and preparation:
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Doc. No. TeM-3594390-0102 17 (38)
1 Food Safety Chart
Description
The Food Safety Chart represents the primary source of information for a food
safety team working according to HACCP principles on the main processes
implemented as food safety measures in Tetra Pak equipment.
Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
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Doc. No. TeM-3594390-0102 19 (38)
1 Food Safety Chart
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Doc. No. TeM-3594390-0102 21 (38)
Process Step Food Safety Concern Control Range Set Point Monitoring Frequency System Response in Case Requirement Reference
Parameter L = Low Procedure of Infringement of the Document
H = High Range Limit(s)
Unit)
Warm rinse, water
22 (38)
Temperature Calibration of the ICU Calibration
temperature L = 60.0 62.0 probe temperature probe Manual
(°C)
Warm rinse, water Continuous Calibration of the
Calibration
flow rate L = 9000 10000 Flow meter throughout the product/CIP flow
Manual
(l/h) warm rinse meter
Warm rinse, water
recirculation time (n/a) 10 PLC program Original PLC program EM
(minutes)
Alkaline solution,
concentration Calibration of the ICU
L = 71 Conductivity Calibration
measured as 73 conductivity meter
H = 98 meter Manual
conductivity
(mS/cm)
Alkaline solution, Temperature Calibration of the ICU Calibration
Microbiological temperature L = 80.0 82.0 probe temperature probe Manual
Cleaning In contamination caused (°C)
Place (CIP) by micro-organisms Alkaline solution,
Calibration of the
growing on food recirculation flow Calibration
1.1 Cleaning of Product Contact
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1 Food Safety Chart
Process Step Food Safety Concern Control Range Set Point Monitoring Frequency System Response in Case Requirement Reference
Parameter L = Low Procedure of Infringement of the Document
H = High Range Limit(s)
Warm rinse, water Temperature Calibration of the ICU Calibration
temperature L = 60.0 62.0 probe temperature probe Manual
(°C)
Warm rinse, water Continuous Calibration of the
Calibration
flow rate L = 9000 10000 Flow meter throughout the product/CIP flow
Manual
(l/h) warm rinse meter
®
Warm rinse, water
recirculation time (n/a) 10 PLC program Original PLC program EM
1 Food Safety Chart
(minutes)
Alkaline solution,
concentration Calibration of the ICU
L = 71 Conductivity Calibration
measured as 73 conductivity meter
H = 98 meter Manual
conductivity
(mS/cm)
Cleaning In
Place (CIP) Alkaline solution, Temperature Calibration of the ICU Calibration
"Weekly Cycle" temperature L = 80.0 82.0 probe temperature probe
Microbiological Manual
(°C)
Method: contamination caused Alkaline solution,
by micro-organisms Calibration of the
1) warm rinse recirculation flow CIP interrupted. Calibration
growing on food L = 9000 10000 Flow meter product/CIP flow
with water rate Operation of the machine not Manual
residues left on product meter
(l/h) allowed until the affected
2) recirculation of contact surfaces cleaning step has been
[Standard
an alkaline machine] successfully repeated
solution Allergen cross-
Alkaline solution, 12
contamination caused Continuous (continues on next page)
recirculation time (n/a) PLC program Original PLC program EM
3) recirculation of by allergenic food throughout the
(minutes) [Lower filling
an acid solution residues left on product pipe cleaner] recirculation of
contact surfaces the alkaline
18
(continues on [Headspace by solution
next page) Injection]
23 (38)
1.1 Cleaning of Product Contact
Surfaces (ICU - Integrated Cleaning
Unit)
Process Step Food Safety Concern Control Range Set Point Monitoring Frequency System Response in Case Requirement Reference
Parameter L = Low Procedure of Infringement of the Document
H = High Range Limit(s)
Unit)
(continued from Acid solution,
24 (38)
previous page) concentration Calibration of the ICU
L = 56 Conductivity Calibration
measured as 58 conductivity meter
H = 98 meter Manual
Cleaning In conductivity
Place (CIP) Microbiological (mS/cm) (continued from previous
"Weekly Cycle" contamination caused Acid solution, page)
Temperature Continuous Calibration of the ICU Calibration
by a loss of efficiency temperature L = 60.0 62.0 probe temperature probe
Method: throughout the Manual
of the pre-sterilization (°C) CIP interrupted.
1) warm rinse process due to recirculation of Operation of the machine not
with water Acid solution, the acid
accumulation of allowed until the affected Calibration of the
recirculation flow solution Calibration
mineral deposits inside L = 9000 10000 Flow meter cleaning step has been product/CIP flow
2) recirculation of rate Manual
product pipes successfully repeated meter
an alkaline (l/h)
solution Acid solution,
recirculation time (n/a) 10 PLC program Original PLC program EM
3) recirculation of (minutes)
an acid solution
1.1 Cleaning of Product Contact
Surfaces (ICU - Integrated Cleaning
®
in operation) Chemical
contamination of the Temperature at the
Continuous
1 Food Safety Chart
Method: main product supply Aseptic Product CIP interrupted. Calibration of the
Valve steam Temperature throughout the Operation of the machine not Aseptic Product Valve
Interposition of caused by detergents Calibration
L = 105.0 110.0 probe recirculation of allowed. steam barrier
an activated leaking into the product barrier temperature Manual
probe alkaline and CIP to be repeated. temperature probe
steam barrier supply line during the
(°C) acid solutions
between aseptic CIP of the filling
filling machine machine
and product
supply plant
during Cleaning
in Place (either
"Daily" or
"Weekly")
Cleaning in
Place (CIP),
Final rinse cycle
with water
(all cycles)
Method: Chemical
Water conductivity CIP interrupted.
Recirculation of contamination caused At the end of
at the end of the Conductivity Operation of the machine not Calibration of the ICU Calibration
cold water by by residues of H = 1.5 ≤ 1.5 the rinsing
rinsing meter allowed. conductivity meter Manual
means of the detergents in product phase
(mS/cm) Rinsing to be repeated.
Integrated pipes after CIP
Cleaning Unit
(ICU) as final
step of the
25 (38)
1.1 Cleaning of Product Contact
Surfaces (ICU - Integrated Cleaning
Unit)
1.2 Creating Commercial Sterility Prior
to Production 1 Food Safety Chart
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[Headspace by
Method: Injection] Continuous 2. Stop, step to VENTING and
1 Food Safety Chart
27 (38)
1.2 Creating Commercial Sterility Prior
to Production
Range System Response in Case of
Process Step Food Safety Concern Control Monitoring Frequency Requirement Reference
L = Low Set Point Infringement of the Range
Parameter Procedure Document
H = High Limit(s)
At the end of
28 (38)
H2O2 Calibration of the
HEAT Step-up permission to Calibration
concentration H2O2 concentration
STERILIZA- SPRAYING denied Manual
H2O2 meter meter
concentration L = 32 TION
35
(%) H = 50 Trained operator.
Manual
According to (n/a) Original nomogram
concentration OM
to Production
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1 Food Safety Chart
Range System Response in Case of
Process Step Food Safety Concern Control Monitoring Frequency Requirement Reference
L = Low Set Point Infringement of the Range
Parameter Procedure Document
H = High Limit(s)
During spray tank filling:
sterilization aborted and reset
[Headspace by to PREPARATION
(continued from Injection] HI spray tank Continuous Verification of proper
previous page) Amount of H2O2 L = 18 ≥ 18 level probes during During spray tank emptying: functioning of HI spray MM
(continued from sprayed (min / max) SPRAYING sterilization interrupted, tank level probes
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previous page) (ml) perform shorter DRYING and
Sterilization of
internal VENTING and reset to
Microbiological
1 Food Safety Chart
surfaces PREPARATION
contamination caused
(H2O2 [Headspace by
by micro-organisms Continuous Sterilization interrupted,
Sterilization) Injection]
remaining on the PLC program during SPRAY perform shorter DRYING and Original PLC program
H2O2 injection H = 25 ≤ 25 EM
internal surfaces of: TANK VENTING and reset to
Method: time
- sterile air pipes (after EMPTYING PREPARATION
Circulation of hot (seconds)
the H2O2 spray
hydrogen generator) [Headspace by
peroxide vapours - aseptic chamber Injection]
for condensation - product pipes Temperature
on internal - [Headspace by Monitor HI Spray Sterilization interrupted,
surfaces followed Calibration of HI
Injection] HI circuit (∆°C vs. Temperature At the end of perform shorter DRYING and Calibration
by drying with hot L = 25.0 ≥ 25.0 spray/CIP
reference probe SPRAYING VENTING and reset to Manual
air temperature probe
temperature PREPARATION
measured before
SPRAYING)
(°C)
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PREPARATION
(Dry heat)
(L) PRODUCTION
1 Food Safety Chart
(Cont’d)
31 (38)
Throughout Production
1.3 Maintaining Commercial Sterility
(Cont’d)
Process Step Food Safety Concern Control Range Set Point Monitoring Frequency System Response in Case Requirement Reference
Parameter L = Low Procedure of Infringement of the Document
32 (38)
H = High Range Limit(s)
[Headspace by
Injection]
Microbiological Temperature of HI PRODUCTION interrupted
Supply of sterile contamination caused (forcing to perform inching if Calibration of HI
air/filling gas Continuous
air/filling gas to by micro-organisms Temperature required), step to END superheated air/filling Calibration
sterilization L = 303.0 360.0 during
HI circuit transported by the air probe PRODUCTION and gas temperature Manual
(incineration) PRODUCTION
supplied to the HI VENTING, and reset to probe
(ºC)
Method: circuit PREPARATION
Incineration
(Dry heat)
[Headspace by
Injection]
Throughout Production
gas
1.4 Production
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Doc. No. TeM-3594390-0102 33 (38)
Process Step Food Safety Concern Control Range Set point Monitoring Frequency System Response in Case Requirement Reference
Parameter L = Low Procedure of Infringement of the Document
H = High Range Limit(s)
Calibration of the
34 (38)
H2O2
Stop in PRODUCTION H2O2 Calibration
concentration Continuous
concentration Manual
meter
H2O2 concentration L = 31 meter
(%) 35
H = 50 Original
Manual According to
nomogram from
concentration OM and n/a OM
the OM (no
check Customer GMP
1.4 Production
Sterilization of copy!)
packaging
Calibration of
material Bath temperature Temperature
Microbiological L = 80.3 H2O2 bath Calibration
(ºC) 83.0 probe Continuous
contamination caused H = 95.0 temperature Manual
Method:
by micro-organisms probe
Immersion in a
carried by the Verification of
bath of liquid
packaging material H2O2 bath level proper
H2O2 at high Continuous MM
concentration probe functioning the
and temperature Stop in PRODUCTION level probe
L = 4.7 Verification of
Contact time
H = 8.3 (Note A) proper
(seconds)
(Note A) functioning of the
Machine
Continuous Motion Control MM, EM
capacity
System.
Original PLC
program
Drying of H2O2
residues from
packaging Chemical
material Calibration of the
contamination caused Air knife air
Temperature air knife Calibration
by residues of H2O2 temperature L = 167.3 175.0 Continuous Stop in PRODUCTION
Method: probe temperature Manual
remaining on (ºC)
Drying with sterile probe
packaging material
air at high
temperature
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1 Food Safety Chart
Process Step Food Safety Concern Control Range Set point Monitoring Frequency System Response in Case Requirement Reference
Parameter L = Low Procedure of Infringement of the Document
H = High Range Limit(s)
Microbiological Presence of cap Cap present Cap Detector for
n/a Continuous DIMC MM
contamination caused Missing Caps
by environmental Verification of
micro-organisms Stop in PRODUCTION proper
Absence of Cap Detector for
penetrating through Cap membrane functioning
n/a holes in the Underfilled Continuous DIMC MM
defective or improperly integrity
Caps
®
attached DIMC opening membrane
devices
1 Food Safety Chart
36 (38)
Sealing Verification of
patch by induction (Note C) (Note C) Monitoring Stop in PRODUCTION proper
Continuous PT MM
heating, power System functioning
(W)
Patch applied
and Verification of
Patch application IS Patch
n/a completely Continuous Stop in PRODUCTION proper PT MM
and hole coverage
1.4 Production
Detector functioning
covering the
hole
Sealing of the tab Calibration of the
by heat, tab feeder Temperature Calibration
(Note C) (Note C) Continuous Stop in PRODUCTION temperature
temperature probe Manual
probe
(°C)
[PullTab] Sealing of the tab
Application of a by heat, tab Calibration of the
Temperature Calibration
PullTab opening counter-jaw (Note C) (Note C) Continuous Stop in PRODUCTION temperature
probe Manual
device to the temperature probe
packaging (°C)
material Microbiological Tab applied
contamination caused and Verification of
Method: by environmental Tab application and IS Patch
n/a completely Continuous Stop in PRODUCTION proper PT MM
Sealing of a micro-organisms hole coverage Detector
covering the functioning
patch (inner side) penetrating through hole
and a pull tab improper or defective
Trained operator,
(outer side) over patch / tab application PullTab position (Note C) (Note C) Manual position According to
n/a dedicated OM
a hole punched in verification OM
templates
the packaging
material Manual hole According to
(continued on Hole position (Note C) (Note C) position n/a Trained operator OM
OM
next page) verification
Extension of tab Manual
According to Trained operator
around the hole L = 0.5 ≥ 0.5 coverage n/a OM
OM
(mm) verification
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1 Food Safety Chart
logo page 1
TP Logo page
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