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65142d0d439d38001809354e - ## - The Living World Handwritten Notes

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
1K views25 pages

65142d0d439d38001809354e - ## - The Living World Handwritten Notes

Uploaded by

Alok
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
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Ap De Layin, cordus Candale \innequs *characterSaHon Taxonomy + ftdentiticarion Srila + Classification + + Nomendarure = Taxonomy + Phylogeny = Systemat Cevolution nistory) peer (® scanned with OKEN Scanner logeny —> evolutionary hietory —————— Oo GRw___-O > _Diyopithiauls suggest telationshi L eieaicta among osaanisiOs « SR — Ramapithios = ; U “Ser = kenyapthicus) __aetezt = qustalopith ics Home — ited H iam=S 16 4 Habis Etedus Sapians Catolus: Linnea? - Q Kingdom Binomial Classification nomenclar ure = __Two_word plantde. Animatig Nishnu shasta —_ 2 Wingdomn classitfoatones Plantae. RB (gam) “Animalia. Response to external Serr = SHS rie re ie ™. (ednohar Quiotoph ——&_—_—s Mode ef slynition ——s Heterotroph Leb G@obiya) Sate Pane fener Cc (tollage) 4a Sei eee ee CO ee a ieee ONC ONOCC nea iite 4 2 == Vole. 4 # Siromfal Nemenclafure, a : qwo word. : : 1S Word 24 work. i L A Represent Represent J y Genus Name Specific epithet or species epithet. \ v 2 é \St_ jeer ai) leters are writen jn Smal) Capital \eHers . Eq Ponthera leo ion) ei \ Hetts Crigit) Capital Pardus (pada leoperrd ) ie Gee (Specific epiiel (® scanned with OKEN Scanner TS sales ——Cwtitteny printed) = eh gl re Fepregentatin SSS ee === SONG Us universally. accepted ass undewline” Seperatly (andor HEN) DO _WhyscGt: Used latin’ language for biologica) son Scientific name- z 2) Because satin iSudead language © Rules are Pixed and pot used fn Common _ConverSakion) UUUTE GEE EEEES SHE EEE emangifela Indfca. ifera indica Printed Hand written ed 2 Books are eral as 1 v = Systemgq naturae species plantarum = for Nomenclature of animals: For pigntS= \1s3 -y L® / > Homo sapiens Usa uuHome Sapiens. / ci ‘ Gi Musca Gon esticg _museq domestica 1SF edition -1136 10 edition — |15@ C Most accepted ) -~ (® scanned with OKEN Scanner as May 2023 Thursday ines tus e FistoH® Se Sy SF scientific atremer te | Classify organisms _ [> study anquage = greek > Pionts 4 Animals | SPI = Founder of taxonom > study langues e - latin S Father of taxonomy _ 19 2 kingdom _¢ classiFicar n- antae & Animalya * All the names of animals “se or lo eqition of Syste invalid . Fe AN the Hames oF plants whido were 1153 were __ invalid - 4 Binomial Nomenclature. Genus + Species + “Authdts Name “ - *qlways witen after Specific epithet. « fh abbeviated Porm. Linn. *e written in Simple of Roman letters. which were given peFo ma Nakurae Were given bepore : Or Buthdt?s citation © s “+ Name of Althour Neither written in Seperaty underlined . itallics nor e Cs a re rs - te = = a (® scanned with OKEN Scanner iz age we . ] = : Q= Becaise_ _persons nom @ not qlways belong == TUES id +o. Latin county “a 2 che “11, p *, y v.. mango __ mang) few indica. tin Mangifssa indica Linn » a — — = = 2 a @ cn 8 tntemational. code fot Botanical Nomenclature Ss 7 w TCLN: thternationdl code of] Zodoqical__ Nomenclature i TCNB: International code for Nomendature of Bacerfa. ne: Caeqories + 1 dbliqake Cafeqories = Ran.) ~ (hing) K_— Kingdom — cpnilip ) Ps phylum (Animals) | oivision (plants) & (come) C => GOSS i i & Lover) 0 =* order Cor) _ F => Family iGo) cGee Gen aa sa SO Gop) SS ~——_gpeces < Be saxon : TR = —__ Cup — category = 5 Gaon) =o 5 5 = see | ipa = © FX : + Taxon Can belongs +0 any category / Rank. . 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Gody fam, behavious ) . + Biological species concepts Ernst Mayinn. + Le “Mast accepted A_gfoup_of individual or potentially interbreeding population Fhdt dre reproductively isolated ftom other such “group. (® scanned with OKEN Scanner qeup PORE Gro - | -*O.O50 ae See oe O202 0 " CSeomG ODS _ MembeTs of qroup' A’ can | interbreed and produce Members of group” B’ can “interbreed and produces fertile offepring ‘Fertile offspring Horse x Donkey Tiger ee Lion I C = Hinny . Mule 2g Tiqon Lige’ WS SOF @ Genus =, peat * Group of Closely rere epecies 2 Represent common _ancestory.. Lion Tiger Leo (eo) Chigris ) 2 CRurdus of) Panthera (Gens) Felis Jungle cat Fishing cat qodent Cat errennan eid Ae Nadal sbehpleine (® scanned with OKEN Scanner ° ~~ © canis 4 L a ira me = Ree sDoge wolf » 2 7 e_ Solanuen, — a ea a Potato Brin{al Make} Qe May 2023 Tect-05 — Friday = Felidae Pantherd Fells zt 4 ZA iN Ey saan zi ) aN us tigers leopard golden Fishing , jungle cat Car cag canidae canis N ( [ay Dog , wolf, .jacka Op aw eu | @ Family pale idal “+ Group of Closely Felaed Genus is Catledias Family # Based on Vegetative and Teprmoduictive fearures | > Sojahaceae Ss D ee S Ohadura Petunig solanum, q VV PWR WD sd ssisd dd ddd dddddaes Potdld Brinjw Mako (® scanned with OKEN Scanner > Solanaceae < 3 ‘ Oia Ss iy 2 S _ Ohahuta Peuniq > Solanun zi 3 fn z Potato Banja marol Order € * Group of Csely related Pornily iS called 08 > oder: EMOT Siemens _. Cypmivota : : ao ees \ a = Felidae canidae Al / 5 Pantheta Felis canis sy lion Hager leopard cats Dog iFacka) wol F Polymonial on the basis golanaceae OF Hosal chavade” canyolucediers | = K 5) \ aN 0 PawiioSe es | DatuYa petunia _solaram z Sea ay Tea Potato geinjal Miakoj Sweet potato (® scanned with OKEN Scanner | ) Class: ~~ Goup.of_desely_relared Orde ts coved as [md Class. ~ >émammndliay = ~ [Saaz ~ carnivord pen ~~» —@reldae 2 canidae eee = AN i = — J =e _fanthesa Felis canis Homo 7 5 aN { a ) me Jim Hget eo cats oq, wolf Jackal Humans - GS animaia | Animalia Plantae —(|- Plantae So/p— chotdora arthmpoda: ANgiOspesMm —_| Anglospewn C=mammalid_ } tnsecta DCO manccok @ o—psimata | viprewa —sepndlé™ poales = F—Homonidae|Muscaidae Anacandiaceae Poaceae =@ G—= Homo MuUSCO retire Tritiaun) —@ s—yuman (USCA Domesical mangifera indica | Triticum cestivun -@ Homo Sqpian| “HouseHy “manger wll Cou a ‘= Jaxonomical aids. re J ip Study Of diwvesity Help - ua i» Need specimens / model 2 sient 2 Beal mode) spedmeh. organism : S - (® scanned with OKEN Scanner TH tequires extensive” Field work as well as Tabeatory work. | Taxonomical Aid v Sees JOP ~ Cpe = SS ove fonew protection of entire area Habitalr which have conditions similar to narural = _ EX-sity > SSsf Cay le cL aawaeanht habitar £ ane ‘Taxonomical Aid) vi CON Servartan > Presetvation Vv . lIlving_ organtsm collection OP dead i organism... ——— ee —— y se | 2 \ plants Ex-situ Preservation é (vead) collect et"? indy Ory fete me => press ‘Antfungle —covectors name s => pdson (HgCle) Haak oF coil” | 167 > Mount =z Deposit p> Morphology. =r DOT Spey Vv (® scanned with OKEN Scanner ( “S} _uick source _of reference - > _ Repository sfor Furure- = Ps tenia ————— Emip> Herbarium are associated with botanical garden. W + sheets are deposlle according to universally “accepted ~ gysteMy qiven by _canthaks-G sjookea we OF classification Se 27 May D028 (ech-04, pw Saturday ; > = =~ ® Caoranicel Garden = : i Ex-5ity conservation Cliving plant Specimen) Ny Plants. penal = 5) Purposes EdentFication | SEs fondly name Se pGenus name : “Time Alas SiN len aN at | Examples ¢ fotanical Garden Bhartiya Loves = Liyod Botgnicad "GarelenyDareeling N — National gotanicol , qgrden_, Lucknow . R ~ Royal Botanical Garden Kew Enaland xr - thdian botanical Garden , Howrah . 4 (® scanned with OKEN Scanner Ko al — aa Plants eer __ Preservation EG (ead specimen) animals SSS ig at wer Preservation Dn) Preservarion - Kingdom 1 Formalin is BS For Small F: __ Foo lage _pyiPoses z ApiMas F ___ Animas ‘educational? oO —* collect > i aa - ce 4 ___ stuffing Hrs — 4 = = Eq : Insects. @ (oologicad pats fzo5y SL ; ay i Animals \ Ex-sittl conservation ~ _ (Living organism) @7 => Protection of wfld animal ah => conditions similar fo Natulal habitat: + _ observe / undérstand food habits and behaviour = is Plants sit Sn Animals mast ‘préeervarion Lk le lo de e494 (& Scanned with OKEN Scanner = tis lfst op charackersa Pot identification. : Based of similares and dissimilarities = They. are “generally, Occurs. 1p pair. coupler) = Each Stament op Key iS called as Lead. men Contrasting. 1S > Analytical eel i = By the help of Hey WE can select one organism } dnd reject another i > soprake jaconomio Hey iS tequired For geprase Faxonernic i category - 5 Fraxonomical did \—- Books — js a c ZL Vv Flora Manual Mong yanh Catalogue wy i at. i Vrow chatader Many -characer™ TS = Sequential a = study of Single arrangement of Paapitat pistsbution= taxon or category names of all > epeci€S inarea » Che) Vv - an complet€ ae eS Plants + __aligpeci#s NaN Animas. aiea. (identification) yrrrprer (& Scanned with OKEN Scanner CharacrerS. OF Living sbservable on - observable @= Growth | But nodefining M1 = Metabolism R—> Reproduction J recture of jiving R—> Replicakion O-observable 0 = organisation SS Sensitivity (berining Feature \—=4 | : feu J =F @ nr SSeSeremns v = v 2 oor living loo “Je NON fiving 4F Growth 4F = > Enctease in number and body mass are Hwin characer OF ~~ y Towth ? a4 = Gio Se 3 — 42 = Se eros © ee = Sere 4 We, cmt = All living organism can _gtow) - = . = Growth _ a] =rnternal Growth External Growth s or or | THIN gC Growth BENG Growth (® scanned with OKEN Scanner il Fo Living “organism Can qiow - © @ Non -living organism Can also _qrow _ P & Living & Non-living organism both can _giow . ® c— All I _None es é Peg Se C00) ae pe? < v mw miensic Growth Exensic =. Grow +) ' = & =I Saal Sad 2 ~ CAL we_deposition on infernal _pepasian on external Surface . Surface . = > E © Growth is detining Feature of living. F > @2Grwthis character of living s é Enirensic growin & defining feature of mane T = ® ocead organism cant grow. 7 . = = 4 2 ORD AT Se PTT OQ Fat? unr = = Growth => — Bas SI E = 2a pas a Animals S unlimited limited growth resided fo (upto certain age) > oe : ne > SpedPic legion Cmerisiematic requ) I (® scanned with OKEN Scanner = Generally one parent S Genealy jwo parents SGometogenesis @ ot © S gametogenesis © nt = TE nr a ae =e_clones ae VaTiOFion = Pal a eE GametoqenestS « y € Formatim of —————— © zr Asexual 5 EH sexu bd TeproducHayy reproduction © 6 En case of honeybee m we CX « (as\__[ae\ ‘ ons 32 n=lé Say \ 4 Female male J ] ‘ SS oe —_ Speimatogenesis Cogenesis 4 Melo = t y , nzle Neleul nee Nate Sperm ovum : Se - direct male Female ae (& Scanned with OKEN Scanner Repioduchion \ J bEO © ane 4 go. UCL 7 ——— > sinngmy Fragmentation _Regeneratim _—_— Budding 2» Asim ee 2 \i eq. 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