Topic: Effect of Metformin on

Diabetes mellitus

Asma Abro

Student of 4th year Pharm-D

IPs (pumhsw) Nawabshah

Email address:

abroasma786@gmail.com
Article 1= Metformin, Other Antidiabetic Drugs, and Risk of Alzheimer ’s disease: A
Population-Based Case–Control Study.

Reference: 1.Arvanitakis Z, Wilson RS, Bienias JL et al. Diabetes mellitus and risk of Alzheimer
disease and decline in cognitive function. Arch Neurol 2004;61:661–666. 2. Irie F, Fitzpatrick AL, Lopez
OL et al. Enhanced risk for Alzheimer disease in persons with type 2 diabetes and APOE epsilon4: the
Cardiovascular Health Study Cognition Study. Arch Neurol 2008;65:89–93. 3. Ott A, Stolk RP, van
Harskamp F et al. Diabetes mellitus and the risk of dementia: the Rotterdam Study. Neurology
1999;53:1937–1942. 4. Peila R, Rodriguez BL, Launer LJ. Type 2 diabetes, APOE gene, and the risk for
dementia and related pathologies: the Honolulu-Asia Aging Study. Diabetes 2002;51:1256–1262.

Article 2: A review of the efficacy and safety of oral antidiabetic drugs

References: Inzucchi SE, Bergenstal RM, Buse JB, et al. Management of hyperglycaemia
in type 2 diabetes: A patient-centered approach. position statement of the American Diabetes
Association (ADA) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes

Article 3: Use of Antidiabetic Drugs in the U.S., 2003–2012

References: . Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. National Diabetes Fact Sheet:
National Estimates and General Information on Diabetes and Prediabetes in the United States
[Internet], 2011. Atlanta, GA, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention. Available from http://
www.cdc.gov/diabetes/pubs/factsheet11.htm. Accessed 28 May 2013

Article 4: Clinical Review of Antidiabetic Drugs: implications for Type 2 Diabetes

Mellitus Management

Reference: Internal Clinical Guidelines Team. Type 2 Diabetes in Adults: Management. London:
National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (2015). 28 p.

Article 5: Effect of Noninsulin Antidiabetic Drugs Added to Metformin Therapy on

Glycemic Control, Weight Gain, and Hypoglycemia in Type 2 Diabetes

Reference: Nathan DM, Buse JB, Davidson MB, et al; American Diabetes Association;
European Association for Study of Diabetes. Medical management of hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes: a
consensus algorithm for the initiation and adjustment of therapy: a consensus statement of the American
Diabetes Association and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2009;32(1):
193-203.
 Summary

Topic : Use of Metformin in

diabetes mellitus.
Diabetes Mellitus: it is complex chronic illness and global
pandemic in the cartographic picture of diabetes by the International
Diabetes Federation, characterized by inadequate secretion of insulin from
beta cells , and increase level of blood glucose.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a common and increasingly prevalent disease

and is thus a major public health concern worldwide.

The main purpose of this study is to explore the possibility of Alzheimer’s

and other side effects with the use of Metformin by diabetic patient.

The first choice of drug for the treatment of type 2 Diabetes recommended
by ADA is the Metformin , but when it fails to response then other non
insulin anti diabetic drug is added in therapy but they differed in their
associations with weight gain and risk of hypoglycemia.

Several other classes of oral agents have more recently been approved for
type 2 diabetes management including: dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-4)
inhibitors, meglitinide analogs, a-glucosidase inhibitors (AGIs), bile-acid
sequestrants (BAS) and bromocriptine.

In this research study it is examined that when prolong duration of use of

Metformin in diabetic patients the possibility of birth of Alzheimer’s disease
in large population based case control study.

The study was carried in UK and data was taken from (GPRD) of uk in
1987.
Which encompasses data of 5 million individuals, Seven thousand eighty
six individuals whose age is 65 or >65 were selected from the population
which were diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease .

These participants were registered in (GPRD) between the time period of

1998 to 2008.

So the conclusion is the long term use of other anti diabetic drugs are not
altered with Alzheimer’s disease but when Metformin used for long term it
will induce Alzheimer’s disease.