Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Part A • Grammar, Vocabulary and How to … 2 Complete the sentences with the correct forms of
GRAMMAR the verbs in brackets.
1 __________ (you / give) me a good reference, I would
1 Complete the second sentence using the word in
capitals so that it has the same meaning as the first. be extremely grateful.
Use no more than four words. 2 We __________ (not / be) lost now if you’d used the
1 My colleague commented that we had received no satnav instead of the map.
feedback on the reports and I said I agreed. 3 When asked his age, he said he __________ (reveal) it
ECHOED even if his best friend had asked him.
I ______________ that we had received no feedback on 4 He told me __________ (he / listen) to music and that’s
the reports. why he’d missed my call.
2 Tomasz had made several mistakes in the document 5 I’d have gone with you to the gig if __________ (I / like)
and he admitted this fact. rock music.
ACKNOWLEDGED 6 If it __________ (not / be) for the cold wind, I’d walk to
Tomasz _______________ that he had made several the shops rather than take the car.
mistakes in the document. /6
3 During the discussion I asked whether we needed
additional training sessions while we were so busy. 3 Complete the sentences with the words in the box.
QUESTIONED There are two extra words you do not need.
During the discussion I _______________ for additional
training sessions while we were so busy. any but equally even nothing providing
4 I was concerned that the new road would pass too close so unless whether
to the school and I said so.
1 The problem is not __________ much what to ask, it’s
VOICED
who to ask.
I _______________ that the new road would pass too
2 The book is __________ like as interesting as the blurb
close to the school.
leads you to think.
5 The head teacher said that she was surprised we had
3 I’m afraid I can’t drive __________ faster than I am.
not all received the email.
Why don’t you take over?
PROFESSED
4 The sequel is __________ as exciting as the first film
The head teacher _______________ that we had not all
was and I recommend watching it.
received the email.
5 Julia would have won the race easily __________ for
6 The director said that salaries would definitely increase
Margarita’s last-minute spurt of speed.
along with the cost of living.
6 This part of Dublin is great to visit, __________ if you’re
INSISTENT
low on funds.
The director _______________ salaries would increase
7 I can give the presentation __________ you really want
along with the cost of living.
to do it yourself.
7 Nahla disagreed that we were too early to book in
because this information wasn’t on our booking. /7
COUNTERED
We were told it was too early to check in, but Nahla
_______________ information wasn’t on our booking.
/7
The earliest symbolic artefacts – decorative objects with 5 Read two blogs about people’s experiences learning
carvings – are around 70,000 years old and were found in to drive. Which comment (A or B) might Elisa and
Africa, but have always been attributed to Homo sapiens. Kim be more likely to make?
Neanderthals living in Europe 40 to 45,000 years ago had used 1 Elisa
body ornamentation, but researchers previously suggested that A I shall never make assumptions again.
this was inspired by Homo sapiens who had at the time just
arrived in Europe. Separate research published last week B I don’t think I deserved to fail first time round.
suggested that the Neanderthals’ inability to create 2 Kim
sophisticated art could provide clues to their extinction, but A I’d have passed even without the rivalry.
this study appears to challenge that hypothesis. Researchers B Competition usually makes me up my game.
said the findings challenge the accepted definition of what it /4
means to be human, and could lead to the re-examination of
other European cave art. Perhaps the time has come to focus
not on ways in which Homo sapiens and Neanderthals
differed, but on how similar they were. Yes – talking about THAT test!
Elisa
4 Read the article again. Choose the correct options, You must have heard the term ‘quaking with fear’. Well that
A, B or C. was me the morning of my second driving test. It’s quite
1 In the first paragraph, the writer mentions amazing really that students can go through exam after exam
A the superiority enjoyed by Homo sapiens over at college and, I agree, it can be nerve wracking, but for me
that was nothing like the sheer terror I felt when about to get
Neanderthals.
into the car with the examiner for a second time. The first test
B the need to rethink a particular theory. hadn’t scared me at all. I’d been confident that I could walk it.
C the lack of refinement shown by insulting language. (OK, maybe not the right choice of idiom there!) I’d prepared
2 The discovery of the oldest cave art suggests well, practised my three point turns until they were perfect and
A Neanderthals existed long before had been thought. rattled off every answer to the oral test without hesitation. But,
B a higher sophistication than that created later by five minutes into the practical test and I’d blown it. I didn’t
check left when I pulled out of a junction and had to slam on
Homo sapiens.
the brakes to avoid a collision. One look at the examiner’s
C an ability to create symbols beyond simple stern face and I knew I might just as well drive straight back to
mathematical shapes. the Driving Centre. No way was I going to pass after that and I
3 Since the discovery of the cave art in question, was spot on. Which was why I had to go through it again a
A scientists have disagreed over the colour sources. second time, and on that occasion the fear really kicked in.
B nothing new or conclusive has been proven by Maybe it’s true what they say, that adrenalin spurs you on. It
certainly focused me, and I was aware of every single decision
different testing methods.
I made during that second test; check mirror, indicate, pull out,
C one assumption is that the pigments on the walls check the speed, check … and thank goodness it worked, and I
could have been brought in by the wind. didn’t have to go through it yet again! I learnt an important
4 An assumption under consideration is that lesson from that first failure – never to take success for
A Neanderthal cave art is limited to the area of Spain. granted. And I won’t, I am sure of that.
B return visits were made to the caves thousands of
years apart. Kim
There’s fierce sibling rivalry in our family, and it was never
C some of the art could have been made by
more apparent than when my brother and I were learning to
Homo sapiens 10,000 years ago. drive at the same time. Quite honestly it shouldn’t have
5 In his conclusion, the writer happened – all things being equal he’d have had his licence a
A queries the theory that Neanderthals did not survive year ahead of me, but he’d had an expensive year with several
because of their lack of creative ability. educational trips abroad and for financial reasons my parents
B believes that no one can identify the true elements of had delayed the driving lessons. Instead, we ended up learning
at the same time, sharing the same driving instructor and
being human.
doubling up the demands on my mum’s patience in taking us
C accepts that Neanderthals and Homo sapiens were both out at the weekends in the family car to practise. We’ve
comparable in their abilities. always been competitive and with driving there was no
/10 exception. I think, however, it really worked for me. I can be a
little lazy at times, but with the driving, the rivalry pushed me
to excel. If my brother perfected a manoeuvre – then I would
outperform him, if he got eight out of ten on an oral test, then I
would get nine. There was no way he was going to pass and
me fail. I would never have lived it down. The day arrived and
my test followed his. I saw him smirk at me as he left his car.
He’d clearly passed, and I got in with the examiner thinking
that I couldn’t possibly let him beat me. I remained calm and
my concentration was intense. I knew I’d done it before the
Total: /50
/15
Total: /40
/15
3 Answer your partner’s question.
/5