University of Nigeria, Nsukka Faculty of Biptos.is sei Department of Plant Svie emester Exam 2018/2019 Academie Session PSB 441: Advances in Plant Pathology fnstrnetons i (choose at least one question from Answer 5 questions i h section} Time Allowed: 3 hours er OS tl inare: 30 May, 2619. oF ope oy Section A “puree Se (a) Write exhaustively on common scab disease cf Potato under the following // headings: Gar (i) Coveal agent, (ii) Symptoms, (iii) Spread, and (iv) Control :. (b} Mention the English and Botanical name. ut tis2 (5) other hosts suscepiible to the disease 2.Discuss ergot disease of wheai under tiv ( )Causal agents. (1) Syraptoms, Git) Di sav) Disease Control Rar6op — ress under th> following headings: | t developrient, and (d) Compo ‘lant viruses te Feast carota cycle and (iv) inethods nt ct the symptoms and transmission of: | // -0 {by The swollen shoot cisease @] coe Sectina D 7. (2) Respiration rates in diseased plant cs: healthy plant tissues. Discuss al control an option in the management of plant parasitic re sunonmally higher than those of reli ionships of plant parasitic nematodes with other plant” of pectinases and cuting: ior. of diseased host plant pain groups of organisins thar cause infectious diseases in plants name one discuse caused by erch of tne groups. b) List and discuss the cultural methods of controling plan vUNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA, NSUKIKA, FACULTY OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT OF PLANE SCIENCE & BIOTECHNOLOGY, 1° SEMESTER 2017/2018 EXAMINATION, BOT 441 — PLANT PATHOLOGY (THEORY). TIME: 3 HOURS INSTRUCTIONS: Attempt four (4) questions, at least one (1) from each section SECTION A Ia, State the Koch’s postulates b. Discuss the significance and limitations of the postulates 2. Describe the bacterial blight of cassava under the following headings; a, Causal organism b. Symptoms c. Disease development 4. Disease control SECTION B par? 3i, Write five (5) commonest powdery mildew diseases and their causal organisms i) ii, What are the characteristics that distinguish the organisms from one another iii, Enumerate five (5) symptoms of powdery mildew of rose plant. 4. Describe the structure of plant viruses and their composition s 5 ee SECTION C mM cmv O¥ 5. Discuss in details the plugging theory of wilting in plants 6. Asa student of plant pathology, suggest to farmers the cultural procedures to adopt for om aye . the control of plant parasitic nematodes es? gece : pai Ae ath 4 aa eee SECTION D a” 3 Ak 7a, Effective fungicides are able to kill pathogenic fungi or inhibit their activities by “sl destroying certain fungal cellular components, discuss in details the mechanisms of these destructive actions. as b. Write short notes on the following groups of fungicides Wh ie i ma | die oN i, Benzimidazoles we [pseu I cake ii, Quinones Cee at tgq a? 7 x” iii, Aromatic compounds ate) iv. Acylalanines nts pdm oH se ayer BO < at 8a. Compare and contrast rice blast symptoms with shose of the cotton wilt ered Gr %. State the eausal organism ofeach disease og gN Toke erage Te : A PEL CLC LTP ay UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA, NSUKKA FACULTY OF BIOLOGICAL SCIBNCES DEPARTMENT OF PLANT SCIENCE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 1°" SEMESTER EXAMINATION 2015/2016 SESSION (MARCH 2016) BOT 4d] PLANT PATHOLOGY (PRACTICAL) TIME ALLOWED: 1% HOUR INSTRUCTIONS: ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS Examine specimen A and answer the following questions Give the botanical name of the specimen and name the type of symptoms observed. b. Examine slide A under the microscope, draw, identify and label the Features of interest. Organism in slide A could be the casual organism of the disease in specimen ‘A, Name two (2) other fungi that could cause the same symptoms observed ¢. State one (1) control measure Specimens B and C Draw, label and identify to generic level with reasons specimens B and C i. Sale the features of interest seen on the slides. Sate a disease that can be caused by each of the organisms ina named host. @ iii, State one (1) method of tontrol of the disease caused by each orga Naokw eoamasael iP OST F431 71! UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA, NSUKKA FACULTY OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, DEPARTMENT OF PLANT SCIENCE AND - BIOTECHNOLOGY, 1°” SEMESTER EXAMINATION 2015/ 2016 SESSION (MARCH 2016) BOT 44] PLANT PATHOLOGY (THEORY) TIME ALLOWED: 3 HOUR Me eng ANSWER FOUR QUESTIONSAT LEAST ONE FROM EACH SESSION section i 7am, Dense component poge td nate by angles i Dic cron wi dee ere lowing Tags l, ip Sapone th Diesoce Sate engrmat . Sha com snd nde long heats be Daca coms det au devcopmen (i) Dias cota N sections JEN. State and briefly describe the various types of plant virus infections, i? Deseribe dhe symptoms of plant vrs diseases. Discuss cassava mastic virus disease under he following headings; Consul agents Symptoms Disease spread Conol measures . SECTION C nae Wate an extay on the importance ofasocition of plant paresis nematodes with fungi. bacteria and viruses in pathogenesis, Define tumour inducing plasmid (7 plasmid) = E> deen dai te sn oy fig np. Ot cceeastsiieaties! 4i : ; 9 L- Usivensity opnicenta,nsumca, — A127, PIMA Et. at fp ACULTY OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES SEVIER, INATION DEPARTMENT OF PLANT SC\RNCE & BIOTECHNOLOGY, 2014/2015" Fil ST SEMESTER EXAMINA’ (MARCH 2015) BOT 44 ~ PLANT PATHOLOGY. (THEORY) TIME ALLOWED: 3 HOURS INSTRUCTIONS: ANSWP& FOUR QUESTIONS AT LEAST ONE FROM EACH SECTION \Weite gencisely on the structure and composition of plant virus particles. he following terminologies used in Wirus-vector studies: quisition feeding period Acquisition access period ii, Test feeding period fective period» - mission threshold peridd.. singuish between the following virus types. 4. Stylet-borne-viruses ii. Circulative-viruses ili, Propagative viruses With examples of the nematode vectors state the 2 groups of nematode transmitted viruses. , 3a, What do you understand by Exclusion in plant disease control? b. Briefly discuss methods by which exclusion funetions in plant disease control. SECTION 5 4. + Give a detailed account of the symptoms of plent parasitic nematode diseases Sa, Discuss fully the “toxin theory” of mechanisms of wilt development in plants. b. Outline four (4) specific examples of host-pathogen (obligate) interactions that can cause abnormal increases in rate of respiration. SECTION C Gi. Members of which order of the Basidiomycetes cause com smut? Discuss cor smut disease under the following headings: ii, Disease symptoms iii, Disease development iv. Disease control 7é. List any three economic importance of cotton b, Name the causal organism of cotton wilt fc c_ Deseribe the symptoms of cotton wilt disease o d Discuss the disease cycle: List ang explain eny four methods of managing coon wilt disease.Mw UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA, NSUKKA, NTO ka fomaniog TP FACULTY OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES OSI He (B17 DEPARTMENT OF PLANT SCIENCE & BIOTECHNOLOGY, 201472015 FIRST SEMESTER EXAMINATION (MARCH 2015) BOT 441 ~ PLANT PATHOLOGY (PRACTICAL) TIME ALLOWED: 1 4 HOUR - INSTRUCTIONS: ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS 1. Examine specimen A and ariswer the following questions: 2, Name the type of symptom observed, and the botanical name of the speci 5. Cut a section through the diseased area, mount and examine under the nxcroscope, draw and label the section. ¢. Name the causal organism of the disease. ‘Name 2 other flungi that could cause the observed disease symptom. State one contro] measure, en, 2. Specimens B & C Draw, label and identify to generic level with reasons specimens B & C. i, State the features of interest scen on the slides. ii, State a diseuse that van be caused by each of the organisms in a named host iil, State one method of control of the disease caused by each organism.UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA, NSUKKA, FACUL DEPARTMENT OF PLANT SCIENCE & BIOTECHNOLOGY, 2013/2014 FIRST SEMESTER EXAMINATION (APRIL 2014) BOT 441. PLANT PATHOLOGY (THEORY) INSTRUCTIONS: ATTEMPT FOUR QUESTION! ‘TY OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES ), TIME ALLOWED; 3 HOURS 'S, CHOOSING AT LEAST ONE FROM BACH ION SECTION A ta. State the causal agent of Cocoa swollen shoot disease. Mention two hosts of the disease apart from cocoa. Name the vector of the disease, Describe two methods of spread of the disease by the vector. ¢ __Deseribe the disease symptoms on any 3 parts of the host plant cocoa, f State 2 control measures of the disease. 24 Explain the principles of plant disease control by Eradication r ©. Describe 3 methods employed in eradication of plant diseases. f \ SECTION B 5. Discuss fully the physical and culhiral methods of plant parasitic nematode management. “Give an account of cassava bacterial blight disease under the subheadings below (2) Symptoms (b) Aetiology (¢). Bpidemiglogy (6) Managpaneng. Ss Discuss at east three (3) possible factors responsible for the abnormal increase in rate of respiration in diseased plant tissue. 5. Outline three (3) specific examples of host~ pathogen (facultative) interactions that can cause abnormal increases in rates of respiration, SECTION C §, With the aid of labeled diagrams where appropriate discuss stem rust of wheat under the following headings Disease symptoms Disease development Bate OF rust infection on the physiology of wheat plant and efop yield ~ Disease control Ti What is fungicide? Wat aze the two main groups of fungicides Name at least three members of each group, Discuss the mechanism of action of the chemicals used to control plant diseases, w CAE? Leese ty gu nah 65 Faron ne sees OeUNIVERSITY. OF NIGERIA, NSUXKA FACULTY OF BIOLOGIGAL SCIENCES BEPARTMENT OF BOTANY 2012/2013 FIRST SEMESTER. EXAMINATIONS-(FEBRUARY 2043) 807.441 ~ PLANT PATHOLOGY. (THEORY) TIME:ALLOWED : 3HRS INSTRDETIONS ANSWER FOURS QUESTIONS.ONLY ‘ chose ATLEASTONE QUESTION FROWEACH SECTION Hey, SECTION A % Excision is ons’ of tne «taj Ways’ of plant disease control seuss exhauslvely the Inrodalties involved in the exclusion process, ~% Describe in details how you wil gsessie-physizal and chemical properties of plant vituses. SECTION 8 3: Piscussin dotaisthe:plantjierasile'n ftalionships wth other plant pathogens, Give/an‘acéunl ol the'commén seat aisebse! 2). Symptoms y | b): Aetiology ©).Disease cycle 9). Controky= SECTION ¢ 3 polalo undef te folowing sub-neacings: 7 SAA Q iomiariew tngicider: 11 Us! and eiiai any tives poperies tequila splay hngith. il), Discuss the'thres see hase ineicfunciicns. 1, seuss delals "we sicharis oP oo “of “chemical-tungicides:on their 1aiget pathogens. 2 2 ¥). Wr thesia Sleiman ies bile sandy iam il eh 1 Broguced tomy a rm ete - " vi, Beant gt jac eee idoER, 7 @ bwnaicsiaasaet i, Discuss thal o he lolowing reyes inte evelopmient of plant diseases 2). Culinesierases : b), Peclic enzymes, ©). Getty emmymes ), Hemiceniiases.; «2. 2 = as @}- Lignolytic enzymes : 0) pelytic enzymes DPD ReANge discuss the-cotton ‘il asare wndernea (8)i), iseuse sympioms id, Disease cycle i), isease.managemani,/ Coe ®) Stale ne causal eaanisn ad bymptes of tesco of iceNE SCIENOE AND BIOURCHNOLOGY PSB 463 (ECONOMIC BOTANY)! * MINA TION HEOR Y SWI SESSION MAY Sort ANSWER 6 QUESTIONS, ATLEAST ONE FROM EACH SECTION SECTION A |, Weteon essay on the dependence of man on plonts La What aretenains? b. What are the economic importance oPtonnins? / E describe the process oF leather proguction. 3 Descusthe benefils oF algae to humanity. SECTIONS 4 Giveen account of cotton as an importent industrial mw material. DS. Discuss the detailed classification of fibres based on their uses. EE Wate short notes on aqy three oF the following (2). Uses of Rubber (b). Bast fibres (6) Structucl bres (8). Surfoce fibre . “ SECTION ¢ Werte a shortnote. dating the phrase: “Honey moon” to alcohol consumption. & Discuss Plywood as 8 constructional material, outlining its advantages over solid-timber, ‘ yw SECTION O So Y Discuss the cole oF Fungi in Industries underthe Following subheadings a a v Fermentabon ji, Enzyme peparstion iii.Oegamc acids production Ww. Cheese production v. Production of Vitamins 1 2tebulor Form, enumerate five (5) antibiotic sources and biological activities orfina(D \i Mantion Five (5) fungal diseases oFplanis and heir efiolagy ya . ; art \1s'-Disuas tre positive role oFfungi'ia Agriculture. we Ke ee 'ls Werte short note.on fungi a542st organism, 7.) per) ~~ . x gale SECTION E— - sy (Oa Briefly discuss natu resins and sal Five Industrial applications of resins “ b). What are the two kinds Ftapping in 8 a 2) Lise he vancas methods oF heavy tapping and discuss any three wate Brox i\ Cus atte Breley »\¢ | ~ “— 22 ict al SS UNIVERSITY Or NIGERIA, NSUKKA. DEPARTMENT OF PLANT SCIENCE AND B!OTECHNOLOGY PSB 463 (ECONOMIC BOTANY) EXAMINATION PRACTICAL FIRST SEMESTER 2018/2019 SESSION . . , MAY, 2019, INSTRUCTION: ANS WER ALL QUESTIONS. TIME: 2 HOURS. SECTION A Specimens A. B, C.D, Bend F, State the plant materials used in their produetion, and label fuliy Specimen G. « the benefits of Specimen G. imea G. >BCTION C 4. (a) Identify specimens M,N, O, P,Q, Rand S. diy specimens MN and O, on tne basis of their nature and st list of two products each mad: from IM, N and O above, ina tabular form, specimens ?, Q, R and S into “Introduced Plants” end “Tropica! African Trees” , and suggest one commen use of their timber. =>) Beer . 5 STecmen $ leche nig Srvansis i & C tertile “ev doin Plovic M— Uneneq labrta Ro mening Cemelina awlovved family Ysybanacen K- realty op £ wee tok Tv cal iottesUNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA, NSUKKA, FACULTY OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES NT OF PLANT SCIENCE & BIOTECHNOLOGY 62017 FIRST SEMESTER EXAMINATION (MARCH, 2017) ( 471 - ECONOMIC BOTANY (THEORY) 3 ‘al al NSTRUCT OWED: 3 HOURS ANSWER FOUR QUESTIONS, CHOOSING AT LEAST ONE FROM EACH SECTION ote, comparing beer and malt as beverage drinks. uctural formula of alkaloids found in (i) Tea (ii) Coffee (iii) Cocoa lerstand by drying oils. three essential oils, their plant sources, uses and their country of cultivati erstand by the term Lager, discuss ils importance in the beer industr, ose oil. Discuss. - nl 'y On the benefits of fungi. he plant families that yieldfibre. ~~ t of cotton as an important industrial rew material. “~ Y 8 Give a detailed actount of Man's dependence on plant, oon Noten ftyrpsiuel Te oe oe) Rie ‘eh ZI i . IVERSITY OF NIGERIA, NSUKKA FACULTY OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES DEPARTMENT OF PLANT SCIENCE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY. 2°T SEMESTER EXAMINATION 2015/ 2016 SESSION (MARCH. 2016) SOT 44] PLANT PATHOLOGY (PRACTICAL) TIME ALLOWED: 1 4 HOUR INSTRUCTIONS: ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS 1 A and ariswer the following questions the botanital name of the specimen and name the type of symptoms & _ Exemine slide A under the microscope, draw, identify and label the features of interest, S- _Organism in slide A could be the casuel organism of the-disease in spec specimen A. Name two (2) other fungi thet could cause the same symptoms observed t¢ one (1) control measure 2 Specimens B and C Drew, label a ify to generic level with reasons specimens B and CUNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA, ASUKKA FACULTY OF BIOLOGIC ABNCES be DEPARTMENT OF PLANT SCIENCE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY fo, ‘ FIRST SEMESTER 201/16 SESSION EXAMINATION \Siesie f HOTU ECONOMIG HOFANY (PRACTICAL) MARCH 206 f fsvemp alt quetion treme] JO'77 TTS lay i 1. (elem Specimens}, C0 Ban G2. fi (e)inwhat ays pis eae wo Spcinen c {c) Suse on ie leoolif content af Specimen C, why ie heeoret rane? ae (A) What is the major similarity, between Speckmen D and wine’? (e) Name and F tropical plats lavolyed inthe anutactuye of Specimens (ent Spesindns GH 1.38, anal (bie the pt mates sed intr pron ; |. (e) Nae hela sources) [seg intande\ Te) Smee be uerofench Specimen. =| tons |) 3. Give abriefuccount of thelprocestes involved inthe manufacture of eold water starch. : NiJoke Goaiseel IP cr - ax Hayszi74y) oa od Net, heal e het \ os ee 8 ‘ oF 4 pre | j PI eo 1 | Ep Caphernge | : nibenstry OPRUCERIA, NSUICKA PACYLTY.OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES : DEPARTMENT OF PLANTSGIRNCE AND BIOTECHNOLODY ‘FIRST SEMESTER 20}5/fp SESSION-EXANINA TION ore =g6jr 471 SHCONOMIC EOBANY THEORY) MARCHI06 : <5 FimeALLOWED Shows Pos commie P ANSWER FOUR QUESTIONS, TWO PRO! IEACILSECTION. § OS/RILI7 : | é SECTION A oe : is | 4 J acive me seus! onl rth the rata ound ia woe! vere pants, "(hy Write a et note relating thequlity of ten fe pane of fal plucking, 1 evra and wing et Di (6 Vite» short not on coffe produ. | +5. (4) How isthe phase “Honey mobo? related toe making? ! fe inaie § (6) luemize the varios forms af ex and how they (a) Wha do you understand joy malting process Give a ine making, Give the reasans fo detail explanation, (2) opinabactriaand(b) diatoms. facturing, medical end food indosries. 1 Wie an essay eo } \ on yuri. | ihcre cowie ae ane be | me P EZECN YS | 1 sicher J NIG ve NSUKKA DEPARTMENT. OF PLANT SCIENCE & BIOTECHNOLOGY | \ FIRST SEMESTER EXAMINATION 2013/2014) ECONOMIC BOTANY(BOT 471). Time: 3 HRS. <3)! THEORY. INSTRUCTION : Angwer Four Questions, atleast one from each segtion. 5 « * 1 SECTION A. | { Y 1. Weile exsty nite) fom : 2, Discuss the beneficial roles of algae. i ication of fibres,” (b), Lit ony pant uae inthe fib. ic and indigenous plan apeciés of Economic impor(giee in Niger: { ‘dent on plants for his secio-ecdomig growihe SECTION B. 1. (2), Discus the: onanieciay 2. List ten eadh ofihtroduced! x Dina exhale SECTION'G. - |! “The critical pedcentage leve ‘The quality of tea deperids : Write @ shdrt note to explai (e) Describe th ithe malin afalcohol for wine is 16%, discuss. i exit whith he younger leaves are incuged inthe Blend sess. (b). Give any two methods used in the ‘extraction of ust: explain any of he wo, Y| PM #34 unIvensry orwigena, nuMKA, | FACULTY OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES DEPARTMENT OF PLANT SCIENCE & BIOTECHNOLOGY, ¢ SXAMINATION (MARCH, 2017) $u1u007 FIRST SEMEST Yor 431 ADVANCED PLANT PHYSIOLOGY (THEORY) ] a ! JIME ALLOWED: 3 HOURS k INSTRUCTIONS: ATT MPT ANV «QUESTIONS, CHOOSING ATLBAST ONE FROM BACH SECTION SECTION A 4 i 2a, Differentiate betwen adsorption and absorption of ions on clay micelles. wish between apoplastic and sympiastic water and mineral salt moverients within Write an essayion the theories fee absorption of minerals in plant. ues, : \ 3. Using a suitable illystration, digeuss Munch's 's “mass flow” hypothesis. SECTION B : i 4a, Using schemes only, show the dxidative phasé of the pentose phosphate pathWpay > b, List two" important products obtained from the non-oxidative phase of the pentose: ‘phosphate pathway and tin functions. . P \ 5. By means of schemes, point out the major differences between cyclic’ ¥ non-cyclic |; photophosphorylation in a a 6a, Why are HatehiSlack (Ca) plan taganded as being smo efficent in carton fjaon then Calvin-type (ca plan? 7 ! SECTION C ‘ 7. Write notés on shy 4'of the following: © i. Ripeness to flower ii, Florigen Fy Critical day length j 2 Long day plants ° : 2 : Short day plants i vi. Phytochrome = fy . 8 a Define the tesm “Senescence” fi) he Disouss the significance of Senescence in-higher plant arta(ENT OF BOTA RST: i Dp WXAMSE JUNI, m BOT. Gt: ADVANCED ?L, SeruysioLaGy C ALLOWED: 3 HOURS I INSTRUCTIONS: Re yucstions;-ohG ang "at it ONE thoin: ed Séetiog ‘on’R new page, aud fake sure’ shat your Reg. No. Asyolfi exh: shee 5 witrofgely labelled iagrams 5 ! &. | Whpt df you wniderstand the’ snigratigh into plant hoot eels? Write slecnely on gr susan in plan mineral telaions + Diseuss the rte of yates i dation spa sai an qe 3 dow, oes He Dygigathivay' lifter higher plas? : [ ie } SECTION. ie ' ; ne + Gay (ek \, Ms “ b { ( Deschibe ‘One ex{ iment in, acl ase to’ epi \ of ea givin nigtes on: (Ripene’ [+ Critigal ~‘Day-neut11Y OF NIGERIA, NSUKKA CULTY OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES PARTMENT OF PLANT SC. & BIOTECH. °ST SEMESTER EXAMS 2018/19 §ILCT: PSB. 458: ADVANCES IN PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY TIME ALLOWED: 3 HOURS ANSWER ALL QUE TIONS. Discuss the following i, Fatty acids and Phospholipids: ii, Draw an elaborate structure of the lipid bilayer 4, Describe the structure of an au Outline ino acid nd the covalent bonds that exist in proteins \d explain the different levels of protein structure 5. a, List four (4) recent advances in Molecular Biology wker recebines ¢rebtio: b. Write exhaustive essays on two (2) of them, 74, Write shor notes on the following 4) Supramolecules (giving. three examples) by Strict self-assembly ©) Assisted self-assembly d) Molecular chaperons. 5. X-ray erystallography allows the 3-dimensional structure of macromolecules to be determined, With the aid of how visible light interferes, explain in details (diagrammatic: illustrations inclusive), how erystalline macromolecules diffracts bombardment of X- rays. 6. 4) Write a detailed essay on the structure of DNA ) Write a concise note on the altemative forms of DNA OR Write an informed essay on primary and secondary eel! walls. Discuss the role of Plasmodesmata in living cells.4, What do you understand by the Hardy-Weinbe:g law? i Ae '. What assumptions under the attainment of genetic equilibrium as expressed in the Hardy- Weinberg equation?. ©. Comment on two factors that results to the disruption of the genetic equilibrium assumed to exist in the Hardy-Weinberg law. 4. The genotypic variance component used in broad sense heritability estimate is limited by including ail types of genetic variations in a population. Explain in details these limitations, Using Narrow-Sense heritability estimate as the preferred useful tool in breeding programs. b. A sescarcher. in his experiments, discovered that the mean heritability estimate for dark- » adents in the Deparment of Plant Science and Biotechnology UNN was 0.82. erpict this researcher's result giving reasons for your answers. OR ©. Discuss in details how narcow-sense her of antfic 3. a. Write suocined b List five el ily is veritable tool for predicting the impact on heterosis sad the v Is in which heterosis is expressed. ‘nbreeding depression on plant species. deprzerion. toe a aid 81m high, produced four ofspring: 9m, 10.5m, 11m and heterobottasi “4 ig methods of breeding self-pollinated species. ly two major methods of naproving eh pollinated species. b. Outline tne advantages aud disadvaniages of each of 6. a Outline and expiain the strategies in breeding * b. Write shor notes on any three of the following pathogen Virulence Disease viangle Defense specificity Durability of resistance vi. Gene for gene reacticns 7. a. Write a brief essay on the following: i, mulation breeding in solf-fetilizing species OR ‘mutation breeding in vegetatively propag:ted speeies tron “transposabie elements? camples exch of ionisable and non-ionisable radiations.univ VACULT DEPARTMENT OF BOT 483 (GEN! 2017/2018 FIRST SEMESTER EXAMINATION RSYLY OF.NICERIA,NSURKA * OW BIOLOC ICAL SCIENC © ALLOWED: NSTRUCTION HOURS ANSWER ONLY FOU: rly between qualitative and qt antitative inher example, show how audit sne action govern a polygenie or wantitative 4 plat the types of yene actions involved in yantitative inheritance 3 What do you understand by the’ Hardy-Wi b what factors lead fo violations of the Hardy-Wy sinberg equilibrium? study, distuss how one of hose! etors resulted to-violation of the lawin soe articular human population, Write short notes on the following (em bff a, Ancuploidy b, Mutation : oe k c. Buploidy z i-ahdiexplunation-of the types 8. Define Heritability spiain succinctly the concepts of hiete b. Briefly describe the methods of estimating he« © Mention five effects of inbreeding on pits. a. Write short notes on any twoof the following Hf i) Protein markers ii) DNA markers iil) RNAi : ep yet iv) Transgenesis 5 seg hay ge. Ay b. Differentiate between conventional’ ieeding. ee a c, Differentiate between mass selection and: purc- ing selection methods of plant breeding, 1. a. Briefly explain these phenomena of plant psec b-resistance to biotic-stresses: i) Host evasion pet rey vo tps . hs Lp b, Explain the concept of ‘Horizontal resistance + c. Write sort notes on the three-mechanisms of % st plant resistance 40 pests,t T IGPRIA, NSUKKA, FACU! DEP.AKTNLNT PLANT SCIENCE AND BIOTI EXAMINATION, 2018/2019 SESSION. PHYTOG! FEM. E ALLOWED: 311RS TY OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES SHNOLOGY, FIRST SEMESTER GRAPHY (PSB 467) ES TROC SION: ATTEMPT NUMBER ONE AND THREE OTHER QUESTIONS, ONE PGi B4CH SECTION. What is Phytogeography? map showing the major ecologic Capitals in each zone, zones of Nigeria and locate at least three State ©. Make a list of major biomes of the world SECTION A a eatensively on the Guninea and Sudan Savanna Vegetations. Discuss in detail features of mangrove and freshwater swamp Forests. i Floristie richness of Tropical forest Ny Aa ii he mountain vegetation of isolated Plateaus. ~~ Bey 4 iii, Climatic equabilixy in ee iv Primary productivity . ee Sa, Write short now's on any following: i, Forest stratification ii, Prevailing climatic condition of temperature rainfall 2) 2 typical rainforest vegetation. Lyo> PLA $ begs % iii, Five tree species in the tropical rain forest and their xgminch) feature of botanical interest. b. _Deseribe 4 other features of typical tropical rain forest apart from stratification, SECTION C Lied 6a. What are climatic factors roe Ee Bowe b. Give examples of five climatic factors weak A . A aa I ¢. ree out of the five climatic factors listed above, ow 7. Write what you know about the terms edaphic factors and Topographic factors.UNIVERSITY OF NI DEPARTMENT OF PLANT SCIENCE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY MESTER EXAMINATION — 2018/2019 SESSION TIME ALLOWED: 90 MINUTES PSB 471 (PLANT TISSUE CULTURE AND MICROPROPAGATION) INSTRUCTION: ANSWER ANY FOUR QUESTIONS. IA, NSUKKA Describe the Laminar Air Flow Hood/Cabinet. Write elaborately on its “working principle”. rite concise notes on the following; \Wet Heat method (ii). Flame sterilization (iii). Personal Protection Equipment (PPE) (iv), Filter Sterilization, Briefly discuss wa’ s in which plant genetic resources could be conserved. ‘ow could plant tissue culture techniques be employed in the establishment of in vitro active gene banks (IVAG)?. + ‘o what extent could plant tissue culture techniques be applied in phytosanitation. £ Write short notes on any 3 of the following cultures; ©) Organ culture (ii), Callus culture (ii), Cell suspension culture (iv). Protoplast isolation Sa. With specific examples, differentiate between de-differentiation and re-differentiation 65. State the roles of osmoticum in protoplast culture. 7a With the aid of a diagram, discuss somatic embryogenesis. » Briefly discuss how artificial seeds produced from somatic embryo. A. What is morphogenesis? 85. With the aid of a diagram, discuss organogenesis.UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA, NSUKKA, FACULTY OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES PPARTMENT PLANT SCIENCE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY, FIRST S™ XAMINATION, PSB 491 (PRINCIPLES OF SCIENTIFIC WRITING) THEORY 2018/2019 FIRST SEMESTER EXAMINATION, DATE 17/05/19 TIME ALLOW HR 30MINS. TER INSTRUCTIONS: ANSWER ANY FOUR QUESTIONS. EACH QUESTION MUST BE ANSWERED IN ASEPARATE BOOKLET 1, Before the appearance of the first scientific journal in 1665, researchers utilized different means and media of communication to publish their findings. Discuss in details these prehistoric mechanisms of communication, | 2. ‘The IMRAD format of writing introduced a logical method of describing experimental procedures. Explain how and why this logic of IMRAD is now fully embraced by editors and referees. 4) Describe how to present materials and methods section of a biological research. b) Discuss how appropriate it is to cite/reference other researchers while writing materials and methods. 4. ai) Write exhaustively on the concept of an abstract aii). State two differences between an abstract and a summary aii). In scientific writing, when is it necessary to write an abstract b) Write a concise essay on how to write a scientific introduction in project writing 5. Describe the steps in discussing your finding ia scientific research