Botanical description of plants:

1. Bombax ceiba :
Kingdom : Plantae
Clade : Tracheophytes
Order : Malvales
Family : Malvaceae
Genus : Bombax
Species : Bombax ceiba

Vernacular names :

English : Cotton tree

Kannada : Kempu buruga
Hindi : Shalmali

Bombax ceiba growing in Theerthaeameshwara ,Nyamthi(T),Davangere

(D). A.Leaf, B.Flower, C.Thorns, D.Whole plant, E. Plant powder
Bombax ceiba, like other tress of the genus Bombax, commonly known
as the Cotton tree. More specifically, it is sometimes known as Malabar
silk-cotton, Red silk-cotton, Red cotton tree, or ambiguously as silk-
cotton or kapok, both of which may also refer to Ceiba pentadra.

This Asian tropical tree has a straight tail trunk and its leaves are
deciduos in winter. Red flower with 5 petals appear in the spring before
the new foilage. It produces a capsule which, when ripe, contains white
fibres like cotton. Its trunk bears spikes to deter attacks by animals.
Although its stout trunk suggests that it is useful for timber, its wood is
soft to be very useful.

Description:

Bombax ceiba grows to an average of 20 meters, with old trees upto 60

meters in wet tropical regions. The trunk and limb bear numerous
conical spines particularly when young, but get eroded when older. The
leaves are palmate with about 6 leaflets radiating from a central point,
an average of 7-10 centimeters wide, 13-15 centimeters in length. The
leaf’s long flexible petiole is upto 20 centimeters long.

Cup-shaped flowers solitary or clustered, axillary or sub-terminal,

fascicles at or near the ends of the branches, when the tree is bare of
leaves, an average of 7-11 cm wide, 14 cm in width, petals upto 12 cm in
length, calyx is cup-shaped usually 3 lobed, an average of 3-5 cm in
diameter. Staminal tube is short, more than 60 in 5 bundles. The stigma
is light red, upto 9 cm in length, ovary is pink, 1.5-2 cm in length, with
the skin of the ovary covered in white silky hair at 1mm long. Seeds are
numerous, long, ovoid, black or gray in colour and packed in white
cotton.

The fruit, which reaches an average of 13 cm in length, is light-green in

color in immature fruts, brown in mature fruits.
Uses:

Various part
of Uses of Parts
Bombax ceiba

Bark Emetic; used as a styptic in metrorrhagia

Gum Used as acrid, astringent, demulcent, tonic, alterative,
haemostatic and aphrodisiac; useful in diarrhea,
dysentry, menorrhagia, cough, leucorrhoea, stomatis
and burning of the body.
Root Has stimulant, demulcent, tonic, diuretic, emetic and
aphrodisiac proprties; given in impotence,
leucorrhoea, over bleeding in menstruation, improve
breast milk, cure cold and cough when used with
black pepper and dry ginger powder.
Young tap root Astringent, and is used in dysentry
 5. Adhatoda zeylancia :

Kingdom : Plantae
Clade : Tracheophytes
Order : Lamiales
Family : Acanthaceae
Genus : Adhatoda
Species : Adhatoda zeylancia

Vernacular names :

English : Malabar nut

Kannada : Adusoge
Hindi : Adhatoda vasika
Justicia adhatoda commonly known in english as Malabar nut, adulsa is
native to Asia.

Description :

Justicia adhatoda is a shrub with 10-20 lance-shaped leaves 8-9 cm in

length by four wide. They are oppositely arranged, smooth-edged, and
borne on short petioles. When dey they are of a dull brownish-green
colour. They are bitter-tasting. When a leaf is cleared with chloral
hydrate and examined microscopically the oval stomata can be seen.
They are surrounded by two crescent-shaped cells at right angles to
ostiole. The epidermis bears simple one to three celled warty hairs, and
small glandular hairs. Cystoliths occur beneath the epidermis of the
undesirable of the blade.

The trunk has many long opposite ascending branches, where the bark is
yellowish in colour. Flowers are usually white and the inflorescence
shows large, dense, axillary spikes. Fruits are pubescent, and are with
club-shaped capsules.

Uses :

* Adusoge is an ayurvedic herbal medicine that helps heal wounds

quickly.
*These herbs are traditional ayurvedic medicines and are known to
stimulate blood circulation, reduce swelling, cleanse the wounds from
Bacteria and prevent infection.
*The herbs in Adoosa heal injuries such as cuts, abrasions, burn, insect
bites, Rheumatoid arthritis, gout, diabetes, cancer, ulcer, joint pain,
muscle aches, sprains, fractures, broken bones, snake bite, scorpion
sting, dog bites, bee stings, jelly fish stings, sunburn, frostbite etc.
3. Ruta graveolens :

Kingdom : Plantae
Clade : Tracheophytes
Order : Sapindales
Family : Rutaceae
Genus : Ruta
Species : Ruta graveolens

Venecular names :

English : Rue
Kannada : Sadapu soppu
Ruta graveolens, commonly known as rue, commom rue, or herb-of-
grace, is a species of Ruta grown as an ornamental plant and herb. It is
native to the Balkan Peninsula. It is grown throught the world in
gardens, especially for its bluish leaves, and sometimes for its tolerance
of hot and dry soil conditions. It is also cultivated as a culinary herb, and
to a lesser extent as an insect repellent and incense.

Description :

Rue is a woody, perennial shrub. Its leaves are oblong, blue green and
arranged pinnate; they release a strong aroma when they are bruised.

The flowers are small with 4 to 5 dull yellow petals in clusters. They bear
brown seed capsules when pollinated.

Uses :
Rue has a bitter flavour and is not used widely. It is a component of
berbere, a characteristic spice mixture of Ethiopia and Eritrea, and is a
traditional flavouring in certain Mediterranean countries. The fragrant
leaves can be used as an insect repellent and in nosegay bouquets.

The plant has a long history of use in traditional and herbal medicine,
particularly to stimulate menstruation and as an abortifacient. Such
preparations are unlikely to terminate a pregnancy; they also may
induce vomiting, hemorrhages, and liver damage, which can be lethal in
severe cases. In addition to rue being hepatotoxic in large doses, skin
contact to the plant can cause severe phytophotodermatitis and burn
like blisters following sun exposure.

4. Colocasia :
 Kingdom : Plantae
Clade : Tracheophytes
Order : Alismatales
Family : Araceae
Sub-family : Aroideae
Genus : Colocasia

Venecular names :

English : Taro
Kannada : Kesuvin soppu

Description :