‫)‪PART I (28 Marks‬‬

‫)‪Question One (7 Marks‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻓﻖ ﻟﻤﺒﻨﻲ ﻏﺮﻓﺔ ﺗﺤﺰﻳﻦ ﺑﺄﺣﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﻧﻊ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻬﻴﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﺨﺮﺳﺎﻧﻲ ﻟﻠﻐﺮﻓﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺤﻮﺍﺋﻂ ﺍﻟﺨﺮﺳﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻤﻮﻟﺔ ﻋﻠﻲ ﻗﻮﺍﻋﺪ‬
‫ﺷﺮﻳﻄﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺨﺮﺳﺎﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﻳﺔ ﻟﻼﺳﺎﺳﺎﺕ ﺑﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻠﺒﺸﺔ )‪ (Raft‬ﻭﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﺣﺴﺎﺏ ﻛﻤﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻻﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻻﺗﻴﺔ‪-:‬‬
‫‪ -1‬ﺍﻟﺣﻔﺭ ﺍﻟﺗﻧﻔﻳﺫﻱ )ﺭﻓﺭﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺣﻔﺭ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﻳﺔ ‪ 50‬ﺳﻡ‪ ،‬ﺗﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﺣﻼﻝ ﺑﺳﻣﻙ ‪ 50‬ﺳﻡ‪ ,‬ﻣﻳﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﺗﺭﺑﺔ ‪(1:1‬‬
‫‪ -2‬ﺍﻟﺧﺭﺳﺎﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻣﺳﻠﺣﺔ ﻟﻼﺳﺎﺳﺎﺕ‬
‫‪ -3‬ﺍﻟﺧﺭﺳﺎﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﺳﻠﺣﺔ ﻟﻠﺣﺎﺋﻁ ﺍﻟﺳﺎﻧﺩ‬
‫‪ -4‬ﺍﻟﺧﺭﺳﺎﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﺳﻠﺣﺔ ﻟﺳﻘﻑ ﺍﻟﻐﺭﻓﺔ‬
‫‪ -5‬ﻧﺳﺑﺔ ﺣﺩﻳﺩ ﺍﻟﺗﺳﻠﻳﺢ ﻟﻼﺳﺎﺳﺎﺕ‬

‫ﺣﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﺢ ﻟﻠﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻠﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻮﺫﺝ‬

‫ﻁﻮﻳﻞ‬ ‫ﻗﺼﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺳﻤﻚ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﺽ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻄﻴﺔ‬
‫‪ 5‬ﺍﺳﻴﺎﺥ ‪10‬ﻣﻢ‬ ‫‪ 5‬ﺍﺳﻴﺎﺥ ‪16‬ﻣﻢ‬ ‫‪0.6‬‬ ‫‪1.1‬‬ ‫)ﻕ‪.‬ﺵ(‬

‫ﻣﺴﻘﻂ ﺃﻓﻘﻰ ﻟﻘﻮﺍﻋﺪ ﻏﺮﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺰﻳﻦ‬

‫‪23.2 m‬‬

‫‪11.2 m‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﻘﻂ ﺃﻓﻘﻰ ﻟﺴﻘﻒ ﻏﺮﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺰﻳﻦ‬

‫‪Page 1/16‬‬
‫)‪Question Two (5 Marks‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﺤﻄﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻲ ﺗﻢ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺧﺰﺍﻥ ﺩﺍﺋﺮﻱ ﺍﺭﺿﻲ ﻣﻜﺸﻮﻑ ﺑﻘﻄﺮ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻲ ‪ 30‬ﻡ ﻓﺎﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻓﻖ ﻟﻘﻄﺎﻉ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ ﻣﻮﺿﺢ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﺑﻌﺎﺩ ﻭﻣﻨﺎﺳﻴﺐ ﺍﻻﺳﺎﺳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﻳﺔ )‪ (Raft‬ﻭﺍﻟﺤﻮﺍﺋﻂ ﺳﻤﻚ ‪ 30‬ﺳﻢ ﻭﺍﻻﺭﺻﻔﺔ ﺣﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ ﺑﻌﺮﺽ ‪ 1‬ﻣﺘﺮ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻛﺮﺍﺳﺔ ﻛﻤﻴﺎﺕ ﻭﻣﻮﺍﺻﻔﺎﺕ ﻟﻼﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻻﺗﻴﺔ‪-:‬‬
‫‪ -1‬ﺍﻟﺣﻔﺭ‬
‫‪ -2‬ﺍﻟﺭﺩﻡ‬
‫‪ -3‬ﺍﻟﻌﺯﻝ‬

‫‪Page 2/16‬‬
‫)‪Question Three (5 Marks‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﻟﻤﺴﻘﻂ ﺍﻓﻘﻲ ﻭﻗﻄﺎﻉ ﺑﻘﺎﻋﺪﺓ ﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻛﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻭﻁﺒﻘﺎ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺎﺳﻴﺐ ﻭﺍﻻﺑﻌﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺿﺤﺔ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﺭﺳﻢ ﺍﺳﻜﺘﺶ ﻟﻘﻄﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬﻱ ﻣﻊ ﺣﺴﺎﺏ ﻛﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺩﻡ )ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬﻳﻴﻦ( )ﻣﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ ‪ ، 2:1‬ﺭﻓﺮﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﻳﺔ ‪ 25‬ﺳﻢ(‬

‫ﻗﻄﺎﻉ )‪(1-1‬‬
‫ﻗﻄﺎﻉ )‪(1-1‬‬

‫‪Page 3/16‬‬
‫)‪Question Four (5 Marks‬‬
‫ﺍﻧﺸﺎء ﻣﻈﻠﺔ ﻣﻌﺪﻧﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺴﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺑﺄﺣﺪ ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻒ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻈﻠﺔ ﻣﻜﻮﻧﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﺭﺑﻌﺔ ﺑﺎﻛﻴﺎﺕ )‪ (Panels‬ﻣﺘﻤﺎﺛﻠﺔ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﺑﻌﺎﺩ ‪ 5‬ﻡ‪.‬ﻁ‬
‫)‪ (spacing‬ﻓﺎﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺪﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺿﺤﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﻬﺎ ﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻈﻠﺔ ﻓﺎﺣﺴﺐ ‪-:‬‬
‫‪ -1‬ﺃﻭﺯﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺣﺩﻳﺩ ﺍﻟﻣﻁﻠﻭﺑﺔ‬
‫‪ -2‬ﻛﻣﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺗﻐﻁﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺻﺎﺝ‬

‫)‪Detail (D1‬‬

‫)‪Detail (D2‬‬

‫)‪Detail (D3‬‬

‫)‪Detail (D4‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻮﺯﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺎﻉ‬
‫‪15‬ﻛﺠﻢ‪/‬ﻡ‬ ‫‪IPE 200‬‬
‫‪4‬ﻛﺠﻢ‪/‬ﻡ‬ ‫‪Angle 50X50X5‬‬
‫‪ 40‬ﻛﺠﻢ‬ ‫‪Anchor 22m‬‬

‫‪Page 4/16‬‬
 Question Five (6 Marks)
A. Calculate a price of excavating 1000 M3 sand from the site located 20 Km from
dumping area. Using a 1.5 cu.m. Track loader at the site to load the sand at a rate of
70 M3/Hr (bank measure) and 18 M3 dump trucks to transport the sand to the dump
area. The loader and dump trucks are priced at the rates 1200 LE and 1500 LE per
day, and the labor crew for this operation consists of one equipment operator at 30
LE per hour, two laborers at 20 LE per hour, and truck drivers at 40 LE per hour. In
this case the dump trucks travel at an average speed of 20 Km per hour, the sand
has a swell factor of 10%, and 5 minutes is required to off- load the truck. Other
indirect cost estimated at 10% of direct cost, additional fees for dump area 3 LE and
15% estimated profit.

B. list in brief description the types of cost estimates and their relation with project
phases

Page 5/16
 Part II (42 points)
Question 1 (20 points):
Choose the correct answer
1. Equipment operating costs …………..…with respect to equipment age.
a. increase
b. decrease
c. is constant
d. has no relationship

2. Equipment ownership costs ……………..with respect to equipment age

a. increase
b. decrease
c. is constant
d. has no relationship

3. In the given profile grade line, the correct mass diagram is most nearly;

4. Pneumatic‐tire and Steel‐drum roller are considered as …………….

a. Scrapers
b. Excavators
c. Compactors
d. Loaders

5. Clamshells and Draglines are considered as …………….…

a. Scrapers
b. Excavators
c. Compactors
d. Loaders

6. When compacting earthwork using compaction equipment, the achieved degree of compaction
depends on …………….
a. Compactor’s type
b. Compactor’s size
c. Weather conditions

Page 6/16
 d. Soil moisture content

7. Construction cost estimates, developed by contractors, are based on the quantity of work to be
performed and the unit price of the work. The most reliable source to determine the unit prices is
……………………
a. Published cost indexes
b. Contractor’s historical cost records
c. To develop new cost estimates using basic calculations
d. None of the above

8. One of the factors causing the cost and schedule variances in construction projects, is ……………………
a. Poor production rates
b. Accidents during construction
c. Design and estimating errors
d. All of the above

9. The mass diagram for an earthwork operation can be used to provide …………………..
a. Quantities of earthwork
b. The average slope of haul segments
c. Types of equipment that should be considered
d. All of the above

10. A project with both Schedule Performance Index (SPI) and Cost Performance Index (CPI)
of 0.80. The project is currently:
a. ahead of schedule and under budget
b. behind schedule and under budget
c. ahead of schedule and over budget
d. behind schedule and over budget

11. If a project has a Cost Performance Index (CPI) of 0.90, this means that:
a. 90% of the work planned to date has been completed
b. 90% of the budget planned to date has been spent
c. 111% of the budget planned to date has been spent
d. 111% of the project budget has been spent

12. According to the Earned Value Method, which term below represents the outstanding
amount of money required to finish the project?
a. Planned Value (PV)
b. Earned Value (EV)
c. Estimate to Complete (ETC)
d. Estimate at Completion (EAC)

13. The basic criteria that should be used in selecting construction equipment for specific tasks are:
a. The capability of equipment to perform effectively under the working conditions of the job
site
b. The availability of the equipment, either from the contractor’s equipment fleet or from a
rental or leasing agency as well as the availability of parts and service parts for the
equipment
c. Safety features available with the equipment
d. All of the above

14. The ability to influence the project cost …………….. along its life cycle.
a. increases
b. decreases
c. is constant
d. has no relationship

Page 7/16
15. ………………… is considered as one of the elements of operating costs of equipment.
a. Storage cost
b. Fuel cost
c. Insurance cost
d. License cost

16. The grader is a piece of equipment used to ………………………….

a. produce higher density in soil mechanically
b. to dig trenches, especially for laying pipes or cables
c. bring the earthwork to the desired shape and elevation
d. lift small loads to short heights

17. A tamping foot compactor uses ………………………… as compacting method.

a. Static weight
b. Kneading
c. Impact
d. Both (a) and (b)

18. A crane has an initial cost of 750,000 EGP and an estimated useful life of 15 years. The salvage value
after 15 years of use is estimated to be 150,000 EGP. What is the annual depreciation amount if
the straight‐line method of depreciation accounting is used?
a. 50,000 EGP.
b. 30,000 EGP.
c. 40,000 EGP.
d. 20,000 EGP.

19. In the previous question, what is the book value at the end of the tenth year?
a. 350,000 EGP.
b. 150,000 EGP.
c. 390,000 EGP.
d. 310,000 EGP

20. Depreciation of construction equipment arises because of:

a. wear and tear
b. decrease in capital
c. obsolescence
d. both (a) and (c)

True or False Questions

21. Scrapers and dump trucks are examples of Haulers which transport earthwork to and from the site.
a. This statement is True b. This statement is False

22. The crawler mounting in construction equipment is more suitable for operating over relatively
rugged (uneven and rough) surfaces at a job site than the wheel mounting.
a. This statement is True b. This statement is False

23. The Sum‐of‐Years method of depreciation accounting, depreciates the equipment value equally in
each of the years the equipment is owned.
a. This statement is True b. This statement is False

24. Selection of equipment by contractors in a construction project is generally based on minimizing the
unit cost for performing the required work.
a. This statement is True b. This statement is False

Page 8/16
25. A pipelayer is a piece of construction equipment used to dig trenches, especially for laying pipes or
cables, for installing drainage, or in preparation for trench warfare.
a. This statement is True b. This statement is False

26. The upper layer of material (organic topsoil resulting from the decomposition of vegetative matter)
encountered in excavation is suitable for embankment.
a. This statement is True b. This statement is False

27. A scraper is a piece of equipment used to produce higher density in soil mechanically.
a. This statement is True b. This statement is False

28. A percussion drill penetrates and cuts earth by impact.

a. This statement is True b. This statement is False

29. The concept of equivalence means that payments that differ in magnitude but are made at different
time periods may be equivalent to one another.
a. This statement is True b. This statement is False

30. In depreciation accounting, the Salvage Value (S) is the estimated trade‐in or market value at the
end of the asset's useful life.
a. This statement is True b. This statement is False

31. Ownership costs are incurred by the contractor only when the equipment is used.
a. This statement is True b. This statement is False

32. A Positive [+ve] value at the end of the Mass Diagram indicates a volume of surplus and that a waste
operation will be the net result.
a. This statement is True b. This statement is False

33. For a piece of wheeled equipment, tires are treated as a separate operating cost because they have
a different useful life than that of the basic equipment.
a. This statement is True b. This statement is False

34. When calculating the volume of cut sections in the mass diagram calculations, the stripping (top soil)
quantity must be added to the net volume in the cut sections.
a. This statement is True b. This statement is False

35. The Earned Value Method identifies the magnitude of cost and schedule deviations from the original
project plan. However, it does not identify the cause(s) of the deviations
a. This statement is True b. This statement is False

36. Cost control is the process of developing an approximation of the total cost of resources needed to
complete the scope of the project.
a. This statement is True b. This statement is False

37. In the Earned Value Method, the term “BCWP” represents the cumulated budget of the activities
that are planned or scheduled to be completed at any point of time.
a. This statement is True b. This statement is False

38. If a company continues to use equipment past the useful life that was assumed in determining the
depreciation, there will be no Depreciation Expense in those additional years.
a. This statement is True b. This statement is False

39. If the estimated useful life of an equipment is 16 years, the SL depreciation rate would be 12.5%.
a. This statement is True b. This statement is False

40. Servicing (Filter, Oil, and Grease) costs are usually estimated as a percentage of the hourly fuel cost.
a. This statement is True b. This statement is False

Page 9/16
Question 2 (7 points):
A contractor has purchased a grader for EGP 350,000 and expects to use it about 1,000 hours per
year. The estimated salvage value of the grader at the end of its useful life is EGP 50,000. Tires for
the grader cost 10,000 EGP for one set of tires. The useful life of a set of tires is estimated at 2,000
hours. The grader is powered by a 135‐horsepower diesel engine, and diesel fuel cost EGP 1.85 per
gallon. Assume unfavorable working conditions. (All necessary tables can be found in page 20)

1. What is the hourly ownership cost for the grader (less tires) at a minimum attractive rate of
return of 10%?
a. 49.04 EGP/hr.
b. 53.78 EGP/hr.
c. 25.25 EGP/hr.
d. 47.57 EGP/hr.

2. The equipment repair factor for the grader is estimated to be about 60% of the hourly
straight‐line depreciation for the grader. What do you estimate the hourly maintenance and
repair cost for the grader (less tires) to be?
a. 14.50 EGP/hr.
b. 8.85 EGP/hr.
c. 55.26 EGP/hr.
d. 26.59 EGP/hr.

3. What do you estimate the hourly tire cost to be for the grader?
a. 5.76 EGP/hr.
b. 6.51 EGP/hr.
c. 15.31 EGP/hr.
d. 74.22 EGP/hr.

Page 10/16
4. What do you estimate the hourly fuel cost to be for the grader?
a. 2.55 EGP/hr.
b. 10.74 EGP/hr.
c. 62.33 EGP/hr.
d. 24.25 EGP/hr.

5. What do you estimate the hourly filter, oil and grease cost to be for the grader?
a. 1.28 EGP/hr.
b. 31.17 EGP/hr.
c. 12.13 EGP/hr.
d. 5.37 EGP/hr.

6. What hourly equipment rate should the contractor charge a project for use of the grader if a
profit of 9% is desired from the equipment fleet and operator cost for the grader (including
fringe benefits) is 30 EGP/hr?
a. 92 EGP/hr.
b. 125 EGP/hr.
c. 114 EGP/hr.
d. 250 EGP/hr.

7. A contractor was awarded a new hotel project with an underground parking garage. The
contractor has evaluated the size of the excavation required for the parking garage and
decided to remove the soil using one excavator and five dump trucks. The contractor
determined the following cost data for the equipment from historical records:

Equipment Ownership cost Operating Cost Labor cost

(EGP/hr) (less labor cost) (EGP/hr) (EGP/hr)
Excavator 45 96 34
Dump truck 36 60 25

After analysis of the working conditions and the haul distance for the trucks, the contractor
determined that the productivity of the combined equipment fleet will be 120 m3/hr. If the
contractor’s markup is 20%, what is the contractor’s estimate for the unit cost per cubic
meters to excavate for the parking garage and haul the soil away?
a. 7.8 EGP/ m3.
b. 6.5 EGP/ m3.
c. 9.96 EGP/ m3.
d. 2.96 EGP/ m3.

Page 11/16
Question 3 (7 points):
Use the end area method to draw the Mass diagram for the earthwork volume sheet shown below.

Mass
End Area End Area Total Cut Total Fill Adjusted Fill Algebraic
Station ordinate
Cut (m2) Fill (m2) (bm3) (cm3) (bm3) sum (bm3)
(bm3)

0 + 00 125 0
1 + 00 222 0
2 + 00 328 0
3 + 00 417 0
4 + 00 136 89
5 + 00 0 215
6 + 00 0 358
7 + 00 0 528
8 + 00 88 235
9 + 00 125 0
10 + 00 289 0
11 + 00 312 0
12 + 00 154 0

Assume:
 Distance between successive stations = 100m
 Soil shrinkage factor (C) = 0.8
 Soil swelling factor (L) = 1.15

Max Haul Distance and Equivalent Optimal Equipment

Equipment Economical Haul Distance
Medium/Large dozers Up to 100m
Push-loaded scrapers 100-1600m
Dump Trucks >1600m

Page 12/16
 bm3 MASS DIAGRAM
150,000

140,000

130,000

120,000

110,000

100,000

90,000

80,000

70,000

60,000

50,000

40,000

30,000

20,000

10,000

0
0 + 00 1 + 00 2 + 00 3 + 00 4 + 00 5 + 00 6 + 00 7 + 00 8 + 00 9 + 00 10 + 00 11 + 00 12 + 00
-10,000 Station
-20,000

-30,000

-40,000

-50,000

1. The optimal equipment for such hauling scheme is ……………………….

a. Medium/Large dozers
b. Push‐loaded scrapers
c. Dump trucks
d. None of the above

2. Considering the mentioned segment (from station 0+00 till station 12+00), the amount of
earthwork to be removed or borrowed (in Bank m3) at the end of this earthwork task is
………….
a. 21,737 bm3 (borrowed)
b. 43,150 bm3 (borrowed)
c. 91,650 bm3 (removed)
d. 27,525 bm3 (removed)

Page 13/16
Question 4 (8 points):
The following figure shows a project update at the end of week 12.

1. According to this update, the cost variance is equal to …………………….

a. + 40,900 EGP
b. – 63,900 EGP
c. + 15,352 EGP
d. – 75,000 EGP

2. According to this update, the schedule variance is equal to …………………….

a. + 233,333 EGP
b. – 268,533 EGP
c. + 150,352 EGP
d. – 110,000 EGP

Page 14/16
3. According to this update, the cost performance index is equal to ……………………
a. 0.63
b. 1.00
c. 0.86
d. 1.09

4. According to the calculated cost performance index, the project is currently ……………………
a. Over budget
b. Under budget
c. As planned

5. According to this update, the schedule performance index is equal to ……………………

a. 0.65
b. 1.05
c. 0.96
d. 0.33

6. According to the calculated schedule performance index, the project is currently

……………………
a. Behind schedule
b. Ahead of schedule
c. As planned

7. According to this update, the estimated cost at completion of the project is equal to
……………..
a. 904,000 EGP
b. 1,092,626 EGP
c. 457,500 EGP
d. 828,702 EGP

8. According to this update, the current percent complete of the project is ………………………..
a. 84%
b. 75%
c. 54%
d. 69%

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 Estimated useful life of construction equipment in total operating hours
(Source: Caterpillar Performance Handbook, 28th edition)

Equipment fuel factors in Gallons per horsepower‐hour

(Source: Construction Equipment Ownership and Operating Expense Schedule)

Equipment Service Cost Factors (percentage of hourly fuel cost)

(Source: Production and Cost Estimating of Material Movement with Earthmoving Equipment)

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