S.

3 Phvsics (Revision Exercise : Heat)

Sectio·n A Multiple Choice Questions

1. Which of the following about heat is/are correct?

( 1) The temperature of a body is a measure of the heat energy of the body.

(2) · Heat is the energy transferred from one body to another as a result of a temperature
difference.
(3) Two bodies of the same temperature always have the same amount of heat energy.

(1) only (2) only

(1) and (3) only (2) and (3) only
)

2. A light bulb of power 600 W is switched on for 4 minutes. How much energy is given out by the
light bulb?

600 J 2 400 J
36 000 J 144 000 J

(For Questions 3 and 4.) The specific heat capacity 01 a metal is _measured using the following method:

St€-p 1: Step 2:
•
I/ Hot metal block

ffll'<F-f-- :Metal block

i
+-Cup
Boiling water
r <=l+T~ermometer
\3-Coldwater

A metal block is first immersed in boiling water for some time. The block is then transferred to a cup of
cold water. After a while, the temperature of the water is measured.

3. The result of the experiment is as follows:

Mass of metal block= 0.8 kg Mass of water in the cup= 0.3 kg
Initial temperature of water in the cup= 23°C Final temperature of water in the cup= 38°C
10 1
Find the specific heat capacity of the metal (in J kg· C- ).
10 1
(Given: Specific heat capacity of water= 4200 J kg· C- .)

236 381
622 95,,3

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 S.3 Physics (Revision Exercise: Heat)

4. The result obtained in Q.3 is found to be higher than the true value of the specific heat capacity of
the metal. Which of the following is a probable reason?

Some hot water is still adhered to the metal block when the block is transferred to the cold
water.
Some energy is lost to the surroundings when the metal block is transferred to the cold water.
Some energy is absorbed by the cup.
The temperature of the metal block is still higher than 38°C when the final temperature of the
water in the cup is measured.

5. An object P has a higher temperature than another object Q. Which of the following statements
is/are correct?

(1) The heat energy of P must be higher than that of Q.

(2) The specific heat capacity of P must be higher than that of Q.
(3) There will be a heat flow from P to Q when they are in contact.

(1) only (3) only

(1) and (2) only (2) and (3) only

6. A student uses an electric kettle to heat 0.5 kg of water at 20°C. The water boils in 4 minutes.
Estimate the output power of the kettle. The specific heat capacity of water is 4200 J kg-• 0 c- 1•

175 W 700W
875W 1400W

7. An equal amount of energy is supplied to each of the following substances. Which one of them will
have the smallest rise in temperature?

Substance Mass/ kg Specific heat capacity / J kg-1 0 c-1

p 1 4200
Q 2 2300
R 3 2200
s 4 900

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 S.3 Physics (Revision Exercise: Heat)
8.

To power supply
and ioulemeter
.... ---········ Them10meter
/',,-;
/ '

Immersion heater '

....-·······-······ Copper block

_,..-- Polystyrene plate

~-----

The above apparatus is used to measure the specific heat capacity of a cylindrical copper block. The
result of the experiment is as follows:

Mass of copper block =mkg

Initial temperature = 21°c Final temperature
Initial joulemeter reading =R1 J Final joulemeter reading

Which of the following expressions gives the specific heat capacity of copper (in J kg· 1 K 1)?

R, -R 2 R2 -R1
26m 26m
m(R1 -Ri) m(R2 -R,)
26 26

9.
I
I
I I '
_______ JI _______ _ IL ____ _ _ _
20 - - - - - - - ~ - - - - - - - - :- - - - - - - I I
1 I I I
I I I
I

I I I I I
- 15 - - - - - · - , - - - • - - - ·,- - - - - - • · r · · • · · • · , • · - - · · - - ,- • • • • • - -
2! I : :
2!! '
t I I
8_ I I I I t

E 10 ------ -1- - - - - - - -;-- - - - -- - ~ -- - - -- - ~ - - - - - - --;- -- - - - --

{!:!. I I I I
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I I
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I I I I
I I
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0 L , __ _ ___J_ _ _.......J.._ _ __ , __ _ _. . L ,_ __ .,___ __ ,

0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Time Is

The above graph shows the variation of the temperature of a liquid with time when the liquid is
heated by a 400 Wheater. The mass of the liquid is 2 kg. Find the specific heat capacity of the liquid.
Assume all the energy given out by the heater is absorbed by the liquid
1
83 J kg•I oC-1 480 J kg" 1 0 C-
1 200 J kg' C-
1 0 1 2 400 J kg'1 0 c·1

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)
 S.3 Physics (Revision Exercise : Heat)
10.

0 / °C
y
80
60
40
20
0 tis
Two objects X and Y are made of the same material. They are heated separated by heaters of the
same power. The graph shows the variation of temperature 0 of X and Y with time t. What is the ratio
of mass of X to that of Y?

3:1 2: 1
1: 2 2:3

11. Equal masses of four different liquids are separately heated at the same rate. The initial temperature
of the liquids are all 20°C. The boiling points and specific heat capacities of the liquids are shown
below. Which one of them will boil first?

Liquid Boiling point / °C Specific heat capacity / J kg- 1 0 C-1

p 50 1000
Q 60 530
R 80 850
s 360 140

12. Vincent adds 50 g of milk at 20°C to 350 g of tea at 80°C, what is the final temperature of the
.mixture?

Given: Specific heat capacity of milk= 3800 J kg- 1 0 c- 1

Specific heat capacity of tea = 4200 J kg- 1 0 c- 1

50.0°C 72.5°C
73.1 °C 77.4°C

13. n. 100 W immersion heat is used to heat 0.5 kg of water, which is being stirred by a stirrer. After 3
minutes, the water temperature increases from 25°C to 30°C. What is the estimated energy loss in
this period? (Neglect the heat capacity of the beaker, the thermometer and the heater.)

(Given: specific heat capacity of water= 4200 J kg" 1 0 c·1)

7500 J 10 500 J
18 000 J 28 500 J

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 S.3 Physics (Revision Exercise : Heat)

14. The apparatus below is used to find the specific heat capacity of a liquid.

to power supply

,___ _ thermometer

immersion -1---4

heater
- - -~ - liquid

cup
------
Which of the following can improve the accuracy of the experiment?

(I) Talcing the final temperature of the liquid immediately after switching off the power
supply.
(2) Covering the cup with a lid.
(3) Stirring the liquid throughout the experiment.

(1) only (3) only

( 1) and (2) only (2) and (3) only

15. Which of the following statements is/are correct"!

( 1) Heat transfers from an object with higher energy to an object with lower energy.
(2) A heat insulator must release heat when it is in thermal contact with a heat conductor.
(3) Energy transfers from an object with higher temperature to an object with lower
temperature.

(2) only (3) only

(1) and (2) only (1) and (3) only

16. Two metal blocks X and Y of the same mass and or initial temperatures 40°C and 30°C respectively
are in good thermal contact as shown. The specific heat capacity of X is greater than that of Y.
Which statement is correct when a steady state is reached? Assume no heat loss to the surroundings.

40°c

BlockX
I 30°c

Block Y

The temperature of block Xis higher than that ofblock Y.

Their temperature becomes the same and is lower than 35°C.
Their temperature becomes the same and is higher than 35°C.
Their temperature becomes the same and is equal to 35°C.

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 S.3 Physics (Revision Exercise : Heat)
17. Whi ch of the following are related to the high
specific heat capacity of wate r?
( l) Water is used as a coola nt in moto r cars
(2) Coas tal areas have a smaller temp eratu re cnan
ge throu
ghou t a day.
(3) The temperature of our body chan ges more
slowly than the temperature of the
surroundings.

(1) and (2) only

(2) and (3) only
(1) and (3) only (1 ), (2) and (3)
18. Four liquids P, Q, R and S with the same mass
are heated at the same rate. The grap h belo w show
s
the varia tion of their temperatures with time .

Temperature / °C

100

50

10 Time / minute
20
Whi ch liqui d has the highest specific heat capacity?

p
Q
R s

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 S.3 Physics (Revision Exercise : Heat)
Section B Structural Questions

1.

To power supply

Immersion
heater
Figure 1

Cylfndrical
metal block

A student uses the experimental set-up shown in Figure I to find the specific heat capacity of a metal.
The cylindrical metal block is heated by an immersion heater of unknown power. The following
results are obtained :

Mass of metal block = 1 kg Initial temperature of metal block = 29°C

Final temperature of metal block = 41 °C Energy supplied by the heater = 12 300 J

(a) Calculate the specific heat capacity of the metal.

(b) The value obtained in (a) is found to be higher than the actual specific heat capacity of the
metal. Suggest a reason for this and explain your answer briefly.

(c) Suggest ONE improvement on the set-up to increase the accuracy of the experiment.

(d) Is the above method suitable for finding the specific heat capacity of wood? Explain briefly.

2.

--------
-------- -----
--------------
-----
--------
--------
-------- -----
-----
-----
--------
--------
-------- -----
-----
-----
·-------
--------
-------- -----
-----
-----
--------
--------
-------- -----
-----
-----
-------- -----
:-:-:i:r:::==~#====8
'C - _________________ --:;

Heater

Figure 2

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I
 S.3 Physics (Revision Exercise : Heat)
2. (Cont'd)
Figure 2 shows a water heating system. The tank contains 15 kg of water. The
heater is switched on
until the temperature of the water is below 45°C.

(a) Explain briefly why the tank should be covered by a lid.

The heater takes 5 minutes to raise the temperature of the water from 20°C
to 45°C. The
specific heat capacity of water is 4200 J kg" 1 0 C-1• Find

( i) the energy used to heat up the water,

(ii) the output power of the heater.

3. - - - -Egg
- - --..,.c......---1 · -··---- ·- - Pot
Figure 3(a) ~~~; :z-- - - -Water

,- - - - Heater

An electric heater has two settings: 'Low' and 'High'. The power output of
the heater is 1400 Wat
the 'Low' setting and 2200 Wat the 'High' setting. The heater is used to cook
an egg. The egg is
first put into a pot containing 1 kg of water and the heater is operated at the
'High' setting. (See
Figure 3(a).) The temperature of the water is recorded every 30 sand Figure 3(b)
shows the variation
of the temperature of water 0 / °C with time t Is.

100

80 --- --- -----r--- --- -----:---- -------r --- -- -- ---r---- ----- -

I I I I

1
I I
I

u0
-
~
60 --- --- -----r ---------- -:---- -
I
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--- - -. - - - - - - - - - - -,- - - - - - - - - - -
I
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I
I

I
::, ' I
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~
Cl)
0.
E 40 - - - - - - - - - - -: - - - - - - - - - I I
- I - - - - - - - - - - - ,- - - - - - - - - - - - I,- -
- - - - - - - - -
Figure 3(b)
Cl) I I I
I- I
I
I
I
I I I

20 ~---- -------~----- ---- --~----- --- ---~---- -- ---- I

' I
I

0
0 50 100 150 200 250
Time Is

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 S.3 Physics (Revision Exercise : Heat)
3. (Cont'd)
(a) (i) Find the energy suPPrJed bY t he heater from I = 0 to t = 250 s.

(ii) er from t = O to t = 250 s.

F~ d the energy absorbed by the wat
ter= 4200 J kg· 1 0 c·1.)
(Gi ven : Specific heat capacity of wa

(i) and (ii).

t for the difference between your answers in
(iii) State TWO reasons to accoun

the 'Lo w' setting and the water

still boils
boi ls, the hea ter is turn ed to
(b) Aft er the water k the egg. Do you
rds . A stud ent arg ues that this will lengthen the time required to coo
afterwa
agr ee? Explain your answer.

of 8 aga inst t you expect to

ve cooking process, sketch the graph
( c) If less wat er is used in the abo
obt ain on Figure 3(b).

4.
Waier
heater

Figure 4

TI1em1ometer

:=: ==---====~==: .__ _C on tai ner

. She uses a container to

ts to esti ma te the pow er of an electric wat er heater in her kitchen
Lilian wan s that wh en
a the rmo me ter to mea sure the temperature (see Figure 4). She find
collect the wat er and
minute .
water at 23°C is heated to 61'C in one
the hea ter is switched on, I .6 kg of

(a) Find the energy absorbed by the

1.6 kg of wa ter ~ one minute
....
.

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 S.3 Physics (Revision Exercise: Heat)
4. (Cont'd)
(b) Estimate the power of the heater.
I

(c) State ONE reason to explain why the value found in (b) is less than actual power of the heater.

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