Ch.

1 & 2: ELECTRIC CHARGES & FIELD; ELECTROSTATIC POTENTIAL & CAPACITANCE

S.No. Graph/Circuit Diagram Description
1 Graph of electrostatic force, F and 1/r2
between like and unlike charges.
𝑞1 𝑞2
𝐹⃗ = 𝐾𝑒 2 𝑟̂
𝑟
Hence Slope is proportional to q1q2
If charges are like, force is repulsive ( + )
If charges are unlike, force is attractive ( - )

2 Graph of electric field due to point charge

versus distance (r)
𝑞 1 𝑞
𝐸⃗⃗ = 𝐾𝑒 2 𝑟̂ =
𝑟 4𝜋𝜖𝑜 𝑟2 𝑟̂ (i

3 Dipole field intensity on axial line for small

2𝑝
dipole; ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐸𝑎 = 3 𝑝̂
4𝜋𝜖𝑜 𝑟
Dipole field intensity on equatorial line for
𝑝
small dipole; ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐸𝑒 = 3 (− ̂
𝑝)
4𝜋𝜖𝑜 𝑟

4 Uniform electric field

Both magnitude and direction of are same
E at every point.
5

Direction of E is same Magnitude of E is Both magnitude and

everywhere but same everywhere but direction are not same
magnitude is not same. direction is not. everywhere.

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Prepared by: Sanjeev Sharma (Head, Department of Physics)
(St. Teresa School)
 6

7 Electric lines of forces due to two equal +ve

charges (field is zero at O) O is a null
point.

8 Electric lines of forces due to two equal but

oppositely charged bodies or electric
dipole.

9 E due to thin infinitely long straight wire of

uniform linear charge density
1 𝜆 1 2𝜆
𝐸⃗⃗ = 𝑛̂ = 𝑛̂
2𝜋𝜖𝑜 𝑟 4𝜋𝜖𝑜 𝑟
𝜆 = linear charge density (C/m)
r = perpendicular distance of point from
wire
𝑛̂ = radial unit vecto0072
10 E due to infinite thin plane sheet of uniform
surface charge density
𝜎
𝐸⃗⃗ = 𝑛̂ (𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑝𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒)
2𝜖𝑜
σ = surface charge density (C/m2)
𝑛̂ = unit vector normal to plane

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 11 E due to two uniformly charged parallel
planes of charge densities + 𝜎 & − 𝜎
𝜎
(i) inside planes 𝐸⃗⃗ = 𝑛̂
𝜖𝑜
(ii) outside planes 𝐸⃗⃗ = 0
+ 𝜎 & − 𝜎 = surface charge densities on two
parallel planes
𝑛̂ = unit vector normal to planes
12 E E due to spherical shell or conducting
sphere of uniform surface charge density
1 𝑄
Q (i) 𝐸⃗⃗ =
4𝜋𝜖𝑜 𝑟 2 𝑟̂ ; when r ≥ 𝑅
4 0 R 2
(ii) 𝐸⃗⃗ = 0; when r< 𝑅
r = distance of point from centre of the shell
R = radius of the shell
O r=R r Q = total charge on the shell
13 E E due to uniformly charged insulating
sphere
1 𝑞
1 Q (i) 𝐸⃗⃗ =
4𝜋𝜖𝑜 𝑟 2 𝑟̂ ; when r ≥ 𝑅
4 0 R 2 𝜌
(ii) 𝐸⃗⃗ = 3𝜀 𝑟⃗; when r< 𝑅
𝑜

O r=R r
14 Electric field lines in the vicinity of the
conductor placed in uniform electric field.

15 Comparative graph of electric field and

electric potential due to a point charge with
distance.
Potential at a point due to single charge 𝑉 =
1 𝑞
4𝜋𝜖𝑜 𝑟
V = Potential (Volt)
q = point charge (C)
r = distance of point from charge (m)

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 16 Potential energy of a dipole placed in
uniform electric field
𝑈𝜃 = −𝑝𝐸 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃
𝑈𝜃 = −𝑝⃗. 𝐸⃗⃗

17 Equipotential surfaces due to an isolated

point charge (positive or negative).

In the field of a point charge, the

equipotential surfaces are spheres centred
on the point charge.

18 Equipotential surfaces in uniform electric

field.

In a uniform electric field, the equipotential

surfaces are planes which are
perpendicular to the field lines.

19 Equipotential surfaces in the fields of an

infinite line charge.

In the fields of an infinite line charge, the

equipotential surfaces are co-axial cylinders
having their axes at the line charge.

20 equipotential surfaces for a system of two

identical positive point charges placed a
distance 'd' apart.

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 21 equipotential surfaces for a system of two
equal and opposite point charges placed a
distance 'd' apart (dipole).

22 Variation of charge Q with potential

difference ‘V’ for a given capacitor.

Q = CV

23 Energy stored in a capacitor as function of

capacitance when charge 'Q' on the
capacitor is constant.

Energy stored in a capacitor:

1 𝑄2 1 2
𝐸 = 𝑄𝑉 = = 𝐶𝑉
2 2𝐶 2

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Prepared by: Sanjeev Sharma (Head, Department of Physics)
(St. Teresa School)
 Ch. 3: CURRENT ELECTRICITY

S.No. Graph/Circuit Diagram Description

1 Variation of voltage and current for metallic
conductor at constant temperature (small value of
current).
Slope of graph = resistance
Ohm’s Law:
V = RI

2 Limitation of Ohm’s law:

At higher values of current V ceases to be
proportional to I (since temperature of conductor
increases due to heating effect and Resistance of
the conductor increases)
Note: At higher values of current curve bends
towards V axis.

3 V- I Graph of Ga-As (Gallium Arsenide)

4 Variation of resistivity of alloys with temperature

5 Variation of resistivity of metals with temperature

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 6 Variation of resistivity of semiconductors with
temperature

7 Variation of resistivity of Mercury (Hg) with

temperature.

8 Variation of resistance with radius (or diameter) of

conductor.

9 Variation of EMF of cell with current drawn from

the cell.
EMF of cell doesn’t depend on current drawn from
the cell.

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 10 Variation of Terminal voltage (V) of cell with
current drawn from the cell (I).

11 Variation of Terminal voltage (V) of cell with Load

resistance (external resistance).

12 Wheatstone Bridge
Balance condition: P/Q = R/S

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 Ch. 4: MOVING CHARGES & MAGNETISM
S.No. Graph/Circuit Diagram Description
1 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑭𝒎 = 𝒒(𝒗 ⃗⃗ × ⃗𝑩
⃗⃗) 𝒐𝒓 𝑭𝒎 = 𝒒𝒗𝑩𝒔𝒊𝒏𝜽
Fm = magnetic Lorentz force
q = charged on particle
v = velocity with which particle is moving
B = magnetic field in which particle is
moving
θ = angle between 𝑣⃗ & 𝐵 ⃗⃗

2 Trajectory of charge particle entering

region of magnetic field perpendicularly.
(Circular Trajectory)
Radius,
𝒒𝒗
𝒓=
𝒎𝑩
and Time period,
𝟐𝝅𝒎
𝑻= (𝑇 𝑖𝑠 𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑝𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦)
𝒒𝑩
3 Trajectory of charge particle entering
region of magnetic field obliquely, making
an angle ϴ with direction of magnetic
field.
(Helical Trajectory)
Radius,
𝒒𝒗⊥
𝒓=
𝒎𝑩
𝟐𝝅𝒎𝒗𝒄𝒐𝒔𝜭
Pitch, p = v||T = 𝒒𝑩
Where, Time period,
𝟐𝝅𝒎
𝑻=
𝒒𝑩
4 Velocity Selector:
⃗𝑭⃗ = 𝒒(𝒗
⃗⃗ × ⃗𝑩
⃗⃗) + 𝒒𝑬
⃗⃗

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Prepared by: Sanjeev Sharma (Head, Department of Physics)
(St. Teresa School)
 5 Magnetic field lines for a current loop. The
direction of the field is given by the right-
hand thumb rule.

6 Plot of the magnitude of B with distance r

from the centre of the wire or radius ‘a’ at a
distance ‘r’ from the wire. (Considering
current is uniformly distributed across the
cross-section.)

7 Magnetic field of a finite solenoid.

8 Magnetic field of a very long (ideal) solenoid.

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 9 A toroid consists of a current carrying wire
wrapped around a doughnut shaped object.

10 A cut away drawing of the toroid with inner

radius a and outer radius b. The magnetic
field lines are circles of radius r, where
a ≤ r ≤ b.

11 The moving coil galvanometer.

12 Conversion of a galvanometer (G) to an

ammeter by the introduction of a shunt
resistance rs of very small value in parallel.
𝑰 𝑮
𝒈
rs = (𝑰−𝑰
𝒈)

13 Conversion of a galvanometer (G) to a

voltmeter by the introduction of a resistance
R of large value in series.
𝑽
𝑹= −𝑮
𝑰𝒈

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 Ch. 5: MAGNETISM & MATTER
S.No. Graph/Circuit Diagram Description
1 Behaviour of magnetic field lines near a
diamagnetic, paramagnetic and ferromagnetic
substance.

2 Susceptibility of a di-magnetic substance with

temperature. (Susceptibility of di-magnetic
substance is slight negative and independent of
temperature)

3 Susceptibility of a para magnetic substance with

temperature. (Susceptibility of para magnetic
substance is slight positive and decreases with
increase in temperature)

4 Susceptibility of a ferro magnetic substance

with temperature. (Susceptibility of
ferromagnetic substance positive and large. At a
particular temperature called Curie’s
temperature it becomes paramagnetic).

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(St. Teresa School)
 ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION

S.No. Formulae Description

1 Illustration of Lenz’s law. (Direction of induced
current is such that it opposes the very cause
which is responsible for its production).

2 Variation of magnetic flux and current in the coil.

3 A.C. Generator

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 4

An alternating emf is generated by a loop of wire rotating in a magnetic field.

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 ALTERNATING CURRENTS (A.C.)
S.No. Formulae Description
1 Phasor and waveform (V-I Graph) of an ac
circuit containing only resistor.

Current and voltage are in same phase.

2 Phasor and waveform (V-I Graph) of an ac

circuit containing pure inductor.

Current lags voltage by π/2.

3 Phasor and waveform (V-I Graph) of an ac

circuit containing pure inductor.

Current leads voltage by π/2.

4 Phasor diagram of series LCR circuit.

5 Variation of Inductive reactance (XL) and

current with frequency of ac.

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 6 Variation of Capacitive reactance (XC) and
current with frequency of ac.

7 Resonance curve for a series LCR circuit

for different values of resistance, R.

8 Impedance Triangle

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Schematic diagram of step-down (Ns < Np)
and step-up (Ns > Np) transformer.

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(St. Teresa School)
 ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES

The electromagnetic spectrum, with common names for various part of it.
The various regions do not have sharply defined boundaries.

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(St. Teresa School)