Introduction of Buttons: The button is a small round disc usually attached to an article of apparel or garment to secure an opening, or for decorative ornamentation. Buttoning is done by sliding the button through a fabric with reinforced slit called buttonhole or thread loop. Buttons are fashionable because they also decorate and enhance the look of apparel.History and Origin of Button: During the ancient Indus Valley civilization (circa 2000-1500BC). Beads were found to be in use to fasten body covering materials, etc. Beads were used as omaments for their decorative and symbolic value rather than fasteners but gradually the use modified to fasten layers of materials, The term is from the French word, button meaning a round object. Functional Buttons with buttonholes for fastening or closing clothing appeared first in Germany in the 13the century, They soon become widespread with the rise of snug fitting garments in 13" and 14" century Europe. 2800-2600 BC) and Bronze Age sites in China @ hide Sti h The zigzag single chain stitch is the most common (stitch type thread tail is loose. Then this thread tail can be easily rd generally all buyers ask for lockstitch type 209) ing buttons, but if e Button. Now Best Buttons are: 1. Flat and attractive 2. Sized according to the button size button’ ness for men’s 9, Horizontal buttonholes @f@ithe most secure and help prevent the opening from gaping 10. Vertical buttonholes must Bused when there is a centre from band or placket. Buttonhol Functional buttons are normally paired with a buttonhole. Alternately, a decorative loop of cloth ‘or rope may replace the buttonhole. Buttonholes are made by a sewing machine. Buttonholes often have a bar at either end. The bai a perpendicular stitch that reinforces the ends of a buttonhole. Buttonhole size is the length of the bar to bar but the inside cut is big or too small buttonhole cut ‘can restrict button to slide in or easily slip out of buttonhole. Appropriate buttonhole opening will be button size (Ligne) + button thickness.Cutting thread after sewing: The thread is cut with a shearing action by knife fixed to the sewing hook and cut the thread with a backstroke after the sewing process or arranged below the throat plate. Needle Recommendations: Using a correct needle size and right needlepoint with the right thread is important for trouble- free sewing process. The needle must be checked frequently for their point and straightness as sometimes improper machine setting and an improperly positioned hole in the buttons cameasily damage the need, causing reduced buttoning efficiency and quality. ‘Sewing Machine Recommendation: Regular maintenance and service of the free sewing process. ‘The machine should be adjusted or set each ti ines can accommodate button size from 8 Ligne to Button Quality recommendation: 5. The knot is damaged wher {fjead tail is cut by hand while trimming process 6. Faulty and skip stitches ommendation to avoid losing the button: 1. Thread tall must not be less than 3mm 2. Stitch amount must be not less than 5-6 stitches 3. Machine setting must be tested and checked before bulk button sewing 4, Ensure to use correct thread and needle size as appropriate with button and fabric material 5. First output must be thoroughly checked for any type of above defects in buttoning quality.Sewing recommendations: 1. For buttoning choosing right sewing thread is very important 2. Faney or decorative buttons which do not have a true function other than detail can be stitched using finer threads. If buttons are heavy use thicker sewing thread. 3. Use same quality thread which is being used for sewing garment as this reduces extra costs. 4, Fabric material thickness and product group are also important for determining thread size. Buttons Differ in: 1. Size (ligne) 2, Design Form (round, oval, rectangular, triangular, square etc, 3, The distance between holes and no. Of Thickness (height of button) 4, The way their reverse side is made (conv: 5, Material with which buttons are made (Leat Button Size: Button sizes are normally indicated by that was in use prior to French ada by French and Swiss wrist watchmake abbreviated with the letter "Le 0.635 = 121.70mm. The measure lular buttons or easy to say itis theBullen Sige Chath14 16 18 20 21 22 23 24 27 28 30 32 34 36 40 Ligne 12.7 13.3 14 14.6 15.2 17.1 17.8 19 20.3 21.6 22.9 25.4 0.41 0.38 0.51 0.53 0.67 0.69 O75 0.83 0.86 0.88‘Types of buttons: Let's begin with the 5 different types of buttons classified by sha} Flat Buttons Shank Buttons Stud Buttons Toggle Buttons Decorative Buttons Snap Buttons Plastic Wood + Coconut + Leather + Metal @ + Shell + Fabric + Glass + Snap + Rhinestone + Enamel + Resin + Chinese Knot = Ceramic + Hor and Bone Most bul Allinto the: Fy of flat buttons. Flat types of buttons are m Al ith two or four holes to sew the button onto the fabri be sewn on by sewing machines using a specialty foot to ‘The shirt button is us two or four holes and has specific measurements. Traditional men’s shirts Ug@ifferent button sizes on the collar, cuff, and down the front of the shirt2. Shank Buttons (Buttons Without Holes) Shank buttons are buttons without holes throu 3. Stud Buttons Stud types of buttons for clothes are very popular in the manufacturing of jeans. Sometimes they are called jeans buttons or denim buttons. Stud buttons are pressed onto the fabric with a special machine and are not used much for home applications. The button can be embossed or branded and is great for marketing purposes.4, Toggle Buttons Toggle types of buttons are made in an int centre to sew them in place. They can be m: Plastic, and even horn, Toggles often.use loop: types designed for thicker coats andlaaet 5. Decorative Buttons Buttons can be used for cufflinks, lapel buttons, and other non-functional, decorative purposes. You can find fancy buttons on shirts and jackets, giving a tailored finish to many garments. Decorative buttons often have irregular shapes making it hard to fit them through buttonholes. I've used the fish and butterfly buttons as accents on the necklines.7 Plastic Buttons ‘Once the industrial revolution took place at buttons took on a new role and became mai fasteners and decorative finishes. buttons remain the best-selling fast Polyester buttons are an ine: buttons. It canbe manufa; bright colot8. Wooden Buttons Wood makes very unique long-lasting buttons. In their natural state, wood buttons have different textures and patterns, but they can also be painted in all sorts of colors. OlWeaden 2@. 9, Coconut Buttons. cng 19 materfal for mal be left natural or painted. Due to the curve it “df types of less than % inch (20 mm) in diameter.10. Leather Buttons Genuine leather and faux leather have been used to make buttons for a long time. Leather buttons are hard-wearing and add a distinguished look to jackets. One of the original leather buttons was known as the football button because it resembled an old leather football. vw 14. Metal Buttons uminiliM, iron, stainless steel, brass, tof the military uniform for d, giving them an added touch of red, hammered, or ridged. Metal statements as well as being incredibly Buttons have been made in all types and even zine alloy, Brass by12. Pearl and Shell Buttons Mother of pearl and shell can be used to make all kinds of functional and decorative buttons. Mother of pearl is usually white, cream or pink and faux pearls can be manufactured in different colours. Small pearl buttons are very feminine and often used on wedding dresses. Shell 13. Fabric Buttons vering kits allow the home projects. Button kits allow for ick of the button ready to be sewn onto Buttons can be covered in a seamstress to,design and different b es and the garr14, Glass Buttons Refined types of buttons can be made of glass, and their ability to catch the light makes them beautiful decorative or functional buttons, 15. Rhinestone Buttons Rhinestone buttons are bea ‘evertingwear and\adthsparkle and elegance to any outfit, These types afiputtons us etal Shank on the ‘Back for sewing. 2S16. Enamel Buttons Enamel buttons are made from metal and coated in enamel in many different colours. While they are often made in shank styles, they can also be 2 or 4-holed. These are mostly found on vintage clothing due to the cost of manufacturing today. 17. Resin Buttons g-lasting with a beautiful shine ilar to a plastic button18. Chinese Knot Buttons These are different types of buttons in that they are made of cord knotted into a ball. A knot. button will have a shank at the back and are secured with a thread or fabric loop. 19, Ceramic Buttons Ceramic buttons are 100% clay. The fine \.. novelty buttons, The material weighs more than, i rt of the appeal of ceramic20. Horn and Bone buttons Essentially bone, are quite strong. What sets them apart from their artificial cousins is the subtle nuance in colour and texture on the surface of the button and around the outside edge. Most formalwear nerds prefer horn buttons on their suits. 21. Snap Button y Asnap fastener, also calle fastener, dome fastener, popper, snap and tich@ptich butt Smnade from a metal or plastic, commonlyaiged’in place jothing and for similar purposes.