ELA Final Exam Study Guide

Main Ideas
Subtopics
Sub notes to Subtopics
Sub notes to subtopics subtopics
People
Key Words/Phrases
Information

Parts of Speech
Noun
-Name of a Person,Place, or Thing
-Ex.John,House,River
Pronoun
-Replaces A Noun
-Ex.He,She,They’re
Verb
-An Action Word
-Ex.Walk,Run,Talk,Sit
Adverb
-Describes A Verb
-Ex.He sings Loudly,Very Tall
Adjective
-Describes A Noun
-Ex.Attractive,Beautiful,Nice
Preposition
-Tells The Position Of Something
-Ex.In,At,Of,To,By
Conjunction
-Connects Words Or A Phrase
-Ex.Because, All though, But
Interjection
-Expresses Great Emotion Or Feeling
-Ex.Yuck,Ew,Ah

Character
Main Character
-Protagonist/Hero
Secondary Character
-Help the story along
-Necessary but not front and center in the story
Background Character
-Are in the story but wouldn't be missed as they do not impact the progression of the
story
The Opposing Character
-Antagonist/Villain

Plot
Exposition
-The beginning of the story
Rising Action
-The place where the conflict begins to develop
Climax
-The most intense point
-Turning point in the story
Falling Action
-The conflict begins to work itself out
-Loose ends are tied up
Resolution
-The ending of the story

Conflict
Man vs. Man
-A Person vs Another Person
Man vs. Himself
-A Person vs Themselves
Man vs. Nature
-A person trying to survive against Elements or the Wild
Man vs. Supernatural
-A person vs An Unnatural Force
Man vs. Society
A person vs A Group Of People With The Same Belief (Different from the Singular
Person)
Man vs. Machine
-A person vs Technology

Things To Watch For In A Story

Flashback
-An interruption in the story that goes back to something that happened earlier
Foreshadowing
-Hints of what is to come in the future
Theme
-The underlying message in the story
Mood
-The feeling in a story
Significance
-The importance of the story or a certain part of the story

Figurative Language
Personification
-Giving Human Characteristic To A Non-Living Thing
-Ex. Trees Danced in The Wind
Hyperbole
-An Exaggeration
-Ex. I Could Eat A Horse, It’s Raining Cats and Dogs
Simile
-Comparison of two unlike things using like or as
-Ex. She swam like a Fish, He was as quiet as a mouse
Metaphor
-Comparison of two unlike things without using like or as
-Ex. Abby is a walking dictionary, Love is Blind
Alliteration
-Repetition of the first consonant sound
-Ex. Abby Ate Apples, Red Rose
Onomatopoeia
-Words that are said the way they sound
-Ex.Beep,Roar,Meow,Hiss
Oxymoron
-Combines Words With It’s opposite Meaning
-Ex. Alone Together,Oxymoron,Original Copy
Rhyme
Words with the same ending syllables
-Ex.Cat,Bat,Mat,Sat
Symbolism
-Idea that things Represents other Things
-Ex. Red means Passion or Love, Flags Symbolize Countries
Imagery
-Descriptive language
-Ex. The keys clanked as he walked past the cells, The grass was green
Paradox
-A statement that seems to go against itself
-Ex. It was the beginning of the end, Save money by spending it
Idiom
-A phrase or sentence that means something different than its literal meaning
-Ex. When Pigs Fly->Never, Piece of Cake->Easy

Types of Poems
Haiku
-Five,Seven,Five
Lyric Poetry
-Feelings and Emotion
Sonnet
-14 Lines
-Like a Little Song
Limerick
-Funny or Rude
-AABBA
Ode
-Praise a person,Event, or thing
-Usually Short
Elegy
-Death
Ballad
-Dramatic or Emotional Story

Point of views
First Person
-I, Me, My, Us, We
Second Person
-You, Your, Yours, Yourself, Yourselves
Third Person
-She, He, Her, Theirs, They, Them, Hers

Setting
-Location of the story or event
-Time of the story or event
-Mood of the story or event
-Tone
Capitalization
-Particular people
-Organizations
-Calendar names (holidays, days, months)
-Geographical names
-Building names
-Titles
-Brand names
-First word in a sentence
-The beginning of a quoted sentence

Punctuation
-Period. (Ends a sentence)
-Comma, (Separates items in a list)
-Exclamation mark! (Shows excitement)
-Question mark? (Asks a question)
-Quotation marks" " (Shows dialogue)

Rhyme Scheme
-A,A,B,B
-A,B,C,A,B,C

Rhythm
-The beat or flow of a Poem