B.A. Programme

Scheme of Examination and Courses of
Reading for B.A. (Prog.) based on NEP
SEMESTER-I
SCHOOL OF OPEN LEARNING

University of Delhi
Syllabus Applicable for the students seeking admission to

B.A.(Prog.) Course from 2022-2023 onwards
B.A. (PROGRAMME) SEMESTER-I
MAJOR : Paper-I DSC-1 (A/B)

Choose any one Discipline/Subject/ Department given below:(This subject will be your major you have to choose
another different paper from the same subject either from Paper-II or Paper-III)
(i) Economics : Basic Mathematics for Economic Analysis
(ii) Education : Education in Contemporary India
(iii) English : Indian Classical Literature
(iv) Hindi : Hindi Cinema Aur Uska Adhyayan
(v) History : Ancient Societies
(vi) Mathematics : Elements of Discrete Mathematics
(vii) Political Science : Public Administration in India
(viii) Sanskrit : Sanskrit Poetry
(ix) Urdu : Study of Modern Poetry-I
MINOR : Paper-II Discipline A1
Choose another Minor Paper/Course from the same Department/Discipline/Subject that you have opted in
paper-I as Major.
(i) Economics : Introductory Microeconomics
(ii) Education : Basic concepts and Ideas in Education
(iii) English : Introduction to Literary Studies
(iv) Hindi : Hindi Bhasha Aur Sahitya ka Itihas
(v) History : History of India from earliest Times upto 300 CE
(vi) Mathematics : Topics in Calculus
(vii) Political Science : Introduction of Political Theory
(viii) Sanskrit : Sanskrit Grammar
(ix) Urdu : Study of Modern Prose and Poetry-I
MINOR : Paper-III Discipline B1
Choose another Paper/Course from Subject/Department/Discipline other than opted in Paper I and II
(i) Economics : Introductory Microeconomics
(ii) Education : Basic concepts and Ideas in Education
(iii) English : Introduction to Literary Studies
(iv) Hindi : Hindi Bhasha Aur Sahitya ka Itihas
(v) History : History of India from earliest Times upto 300 CE
(vi) Mathematics : Topics in Calculus
(vii) Political Science : Introduction of Political Theory
(viii) Sanskrit : Sanskrit Grammar
(ix) Urdu : Study of Modern Prose and Poetry-I
GENERIC ELECTIVE (GE) (Any One)
1. English : English Fluency-I
2. Hindi : Hindi Bhasha Aur Sahitya-Ka
Hindi Bhasha Aur Sahitya-Kha
Hindi Bhasha Aur Sahitya-Ga
3. Sanskrit : Basic Sanskrit
4. Urdu : Study of Development of Urdu
5. Punjabi : Punjabi Bhasha Da Mudhla Padhar-1
ABILITY ENHANCEMENT COURSE (AEC)
Environmental Science : Theory into Practice
SKILL ENHANCEMENT COURSE (SEC) (Any One)
1. Commerce : Finance for Everyone
2. English : Communication in Everyday Life
3. Hindi : Rangmanch
VALUE ADDITION COURSE (VAC) (Any One)
1. English : Reading Indian Fiction in English
2. Hindi : Bhartiya Bhakti Parampara Aur Manav Mulya
3. Political Science : Constitutional Values and Fundamental Duties
4. Sanskrit : Yoga : Philosophy and Practice
Major Paper-I DSC-1 (A/B)
1. Economics: Basic Mathematics for Economic Analysis

• Course Code : ECON021
• Course Abbreviation : BMEA
• Credits: 4
• Duration (per week): 4 hours (3 Lectures + 1 tutorial)
• Course Objectives:
The objective of this course is to train basic algebras that enables the study of economic theory
at the undergraduate level, specifically the courses on microeconomics, macroeconomics,
statistics and econometrics set out in this syllabus. In this course, particular economic models are
not the ends, but the means for illustrating the method of apply- ing mathematical techniques to
economic theory in general. It contains understanding of basic functions, relations, real number
systems, set operations, linear algebras and matrix operations used in economics.
• Course Learning Outcomes:
The course equips the students with exposition of economic problems with formal presentation
algebraically and offers solution techniques to find equilibrium analysis. These tools are necessary
for anyone seeking employment as an analyst in the corporate and policy framing world.
• Content (Unit-wise):
• Unit 1 : Economic Models

Ingredients of mathematical models - variables, constants, parameters, equations, and
identities; Real number system; Sets and functions; relations and their properties; types of
functions; functions of more than one variables; Limit, sequences and series: convergence,
algebraic properties and applications; continuous functions: characterisation, properties
with respect to various operations and applications; differentiable functions:
characterisation, properties with respect to various operations and applications; second
and higher order derivatives: properties and applications.
Unit 2: Equilibrium Analysis in Economics
Meaning of equilibrium; partial market equilibrium - linear and non-linear models; General
market equilibrium
Unit 3 : Linear Models and Matrix Algebras and their Applications in Economics Matrix
operations, Determinants and Cramer’s Rule and their applications
• Suggested Readings:
• Chiang, A and Wainwright, K. (2005). Fundamental methods of mathematical economics. Boston,

Mass. McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
1
• Sydsaeter, K., Hammond, P. (2002). Mathematics for economic analysis. Pearson Educational.
• Hoy, M., Livernois, J., McKenna, C., Rees, R., Stengos, T. (2001). Mathematics for Economics,
Prentice-Hall India.
• Course Assessment: Internal Assessment - 25, Final Examination - 75
2
2. Education: Education in Contemporary India (DSC Al)
Credits: 4
MM: 100 (External: 75 Internal: 25)
Course Objectives:
The course aims to acquaint students with modern education in contemporary India. ft would familiarize
them with key debates prevalent during the anti-colonial struggle and subsequent developments in post
independent India. Education will be introduced within the framework of Constitutional principles and
Rights - based approach.
Learning Outcomes
On completion of this course, learners are expected to:
• Discuss the influence of colonialism on education and the changes that have unfolded.
• Trace the modern education system in India and the expansion of women's education through the
experiences of pioneering women.
• Explain the alternatives posited by M.K. Gandhi and Rabindranath Tagore to colonial education.
• Discuss the Constitutional provisions relevant to education.
• Exhibit an understanding of India's federal structure and democratic decision- making with
reference to education.
Unit 1: Colonialism and Modern Education (4 weeks)
• Modern education in India; Impact of Colonialism on traditional systems of education;
Emergence or modern school system and universities
• Women and modern education: educational endeavors of Rokeya Sultana, Pandita Ramabai,
Jyotiba and Savitribai Phule
• Aims and purpose of colonial education and alternative visions with reference to Nai Taleem
of Gandhi and My school of Tagore
Unit 2: Going to school and college in India (4 weeks)
• Education and Development with reference to Human Development Index, Gender Development
Index.
• Factors affecting access to different levels of education; the need for Right to Education.
• Challenges and issues in development of education: regional disparities, gender, religious, class
and caste based variations in education based on an introduction to reading of data
3
Unit 3: Constitution and Education (6 weeks)
• Importance of Constitutional values and their relevance to education
• Provisions in the Constitution relevant to education: Acts and Amendments; religious minority
and linguistic minority Rights, Rights against discrimination, Right to equality, and Right to
Education
• Education and the role of Center and State: Union, State and Concurrent lists, Panchayati Raj
and local bodies
• Role of Judiciary, Legislature and Executive in education with specific. reference to RTE Act
2009 (21A) and other amendments.
Suggested Projects/ Assignments: Any two
• Review of Swami and Friends by RK Narayan with reference to education in colonial times.
• Essay on Gandhi's ideas of education through handicrafts.
• Review of Jyotirao Phule's Ghulamgiri with reference to education of the caste oppressed.
• Reflective essays/ presentations on student's own schooling and educational experiences
• Preparing educational status repo11s based on reading of data tables done in class for specific
social groups.
• Documenting educational testimonies of family members/migrant workers/ children living on the
streets/ child workers/homeless people.
• Case study of the Unnikrishnan Judgement 1993.
• Essay on Ambedkar's idea of education for social transformation.
Note: On the basis of the above, the teacher may design his/her own relevant assignments and
projects.
Readings
Essential Readings
• Constitution of India: Preamble, Provisions of the Constitution of India having a bearing on
Education retrieved from http://www.education.nic.in/constitutional.aspand
http://education.nic.in/ NatPol.asp
• Ghosh S.C. (2009). The History of Education in Modern India (1757-2007) - Third Edition.
Hyderabad: Orient Blackswan Private Limited.(Chapter I-Introduction)
• Govinda, R and M, Bandyopadhyay.(2011). Access to Elementary Education: Analytical

Overview (chapter I) in R, Govinda, Who Goes to School? Exploring Exclusion in Indian
Education, New Delhi: OU P.(for Disparities and access to elementary education: Issues of
Class, gender, caste, region, religion, disability)
• Harriss, J. (2011). Education, Democracy and Development. In KN Panikkar and M Bhaskaran
Nair (Eds.) Emerging Trends in Higher Education in India: Concepts and Practices. New Delhi:
Pearson Education India. (pp3- I I )Retrieved from
http://www.swaraj.org/shikshantar/tagore mvschool.html
• Human Development Report retrieved from http://hdr.undp.org/en/repo11s/
• Kumar, K.( 1991).Political Agenda of Education: A Study of Colonialist and Nationalist ideas.
New Delhi, Sage Publications. Chapter I (Introduction: Dynamics of colonisation), Chapter 2
(Colonial Citizen as an Educational Ideal),
4
• Latest Selected Education Statistics, on MHRD website: http://www.education.nic.in
• Buniyadi Shiksha, "The selected works of Gandhi".Vol. 6. The Voice of T ruth . Retrieved from
http://www.mkgandhi.org/views edu/chap02.htm.
• National Curriculum Framework (2005). New Delhi: NCERT. Chapter- I (for Constitutional
values and the curriculum)
• What is RTE: A Handbook for Teachers (2017). New Delhi: NCERT. Chapter I
• Raina, V. (2006), 'Where do children go after class VIII?', Seminar Volume 563 Retrieved from
http://www.indiaseminar.com
• Tagore, R. (1933).My School. London: MacMillan retrieved from
http://www.swaraj.org/shikshantar/tagore myschool.html
• Chakravarti, U (2007), Pandita Rama Bai : A life and a Time. New Delhi: Critical Quest.
• Zl'491i:1, 3f (2008). firm <FT 3f� 3th: �!??:f � '11.-icfl<-1 �cfilfl, m � m- firm
3lf{ '1,tj-sfficfi(0I , .-j4')R �Jl : !?� � ™!<R.
Additional Readings
• Deshpande, G.P.,2012, Selected Writings of Jotirao Phule, Leftward Book
• Kumar, D., Bara, J., Khadria, N and Gayathri, R. (2013). Education in Colonial lndia: Historical
insights. Delhi, Manohar Books. (Introduction)
• Kumar, K. ( 1991 ). Political Agenda of Education: A Study of Colonialist and Nationalist ideas.
New Delhi: Sage Publications. (Chapter 5-Pursuits of Equality, Chapter 7-Meanings of Progress)
• Kumar, K. (2007). Education and Culture: India's quest for a Secular Policy,ln Kumar K and J
Oesterheld (Eds.) Education and Social Change in South Asia, Hyderabad: Orient Longman.
• Kumar, K. (2008) 'Anusuchit Jatiyon aur Janjatiyon ka Shaekshik Anubhav' In Suresh Chandra
Shukla and Krishna Kumar (Eds.) Shiksha ka SamajshastriyeSandarbh. Delhi: Granthshipli (also
available in English Sociological Perspectives in Education: A Reader)
• Natarajan, S. (2011). A Gardener in the Wasteland: Jotiba Phule's Fight for Liberty. New Delhi:
Navayana Publishing
• Stalin, K. (2007). lndia Untouched. Drishti Media Collective (film).
• Vyam. D B., Natarajan, S. A. and Vyam, S. (2011 ). Bhirnayana: E-rperi1!11ces of'
Untouchability.New Delhi: Navayana Publishing
Assessment Method
Assessment will be formative in nature and will include student participation. Individual and
group tasks and assignments will be given. Summative evaluation will be done through end
semester examination.
Key words
Education, Contemporary India
5
3. English: Indian Classical Literature
Credit: 4 (3 Theory+1 Tutorial/Internal Assessment)
Course objective:
 To offer students a foundational understanding of Indian classical literary tradition.
 The paper introduces students to a rich and diverse literature from two classical
languages of India, Sanskrit and Tamil.
Course outcome:
 Students will be able to gain knowledge of the aesthetic and cultural values that serve as
the groundwork for later developments in Indian philosophical and social change.
Course Content:
UNIT I:
1. Vyasa. Selections from The Mahabharata, from The Mahabharata of Krishna-Dwaipayana
Vyasa, trans. K. M. Ganguli (Delhi: Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers, 2012).
a) ‘The Dicing’ and ‘Sequel to Dicing’, Book 2, Sabha Parva Section XLVI-LXXII
b) ‘The Temptation of Karna’, Book 5, Udyog Parva, Section CXL-CXLVI.
c) ‘Krishna’s Peace Proposal’, Book 5, Udyog Parva, Section LXXXIX-CXXXI

UNIT II:
2. Kalidasa. Abhijnanasakuntalam, trans. Chandra Rajan, in Kalidasa: The Loom of Time.

Penguin Classics, 1989, reprint 2000.
UNIT III:
3. Ilango Atikal. ‘The Book of Vanci’, Cilappatikaram. trans. R. Parthasarathy (Columbia

University Press, 1993; Penguin Books India, 2004).
SUGGESTED READINGS:
1. Bharata Muni. Selections from Natyasastra. (i) Chapter 6, ‘The Sentiments’; (ii) Chapter 20,
‘Ten Kinds of Play’; (iii) Chapter 35, ‘Characteristics of the Jester’, trans. Manomohan Ghosh,
Calcutta: Asiatic Society of Bengal, 1951. pp105-17; 355-74; 548-50
6
2. Osho. Selections from Krishna: The Man and His Philosophy. (i) Krishna is Complete and
Whole (ii) Draupadi: A Rare Woman (iii) Action, Inaction and Non-Action (iv) Rituals, Fire and
Knowledge, Delhi: Jaico Publishing House, 1991.
3. Kapoor, Kapil. Indian Knowledge System Vol. 1. New Delhi: D.K. Printworld Pvt. Ltd., 2005.
pp 1-31
4. Gerow, Edwin, et al. ‘Indian Poetics’, The Literatures of India: An Introduction. ed. Edward.
C. Dimock et al, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1974. pp 115-143
5. Venkatachalapathy, R. ‘Introduction’, Love Stands Alone: Selections from Tamil Sangam

Poetry. Delhi: Penguin Classics, 2013. pp XIII-XLI; 25; 45; 70; 186
7
4. Hindi :
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8
5. History : Ancient Societies
Course Objective:
The course aims towards enabling students to have a broad understanding of various Ancient
Civi-lizations with special focus on complexities in State Formation, society, economy, religion
and cul-ture. An overview of the ecological impact on their emergence, craft and trade, emerging
cultural patterns, art and architecture and religion will be discussed related to the Indian,
Mesopotamian, Egyptian, Greek and Chinese Civilizations. Students will get to familiarize
themselves with funda-mental concepts like ‘Bronze Age’, ‘Civilization’, ‘Culture’, ‘Urban
Revolution’, and ‘State’. Vari-ous craft technology especially metal technology and debates
around it will also be introduced to them. The course strives to generate interest in students to
learn about metal technology and its con-tribution to the emergence and growth of Ancient
Civilizations.
Learning Outcomes:
On successful completion of this course, students will be able to:
● Define and explain concepts like Urban Revolution, Bronze Age and Civilization.
● Discuss the debate around metal technology.
● Describe ecological and other reasons for emergence of the various civilizations.
● Understand social complexities of different civilizations.
● Explain trends in the economy of these civilizations.
● Gain an understanding of cultural patterns and religious developments.
Course Content:
UNIT I: Defining Civilization, Sources and Historiography, Urban Revolution and Bronze Age, De-
bating Metal Technology
UNIT II: Bronze Age Civilizations- India / China (Shang Dynasty)
UNIT III: Bronze Age Civilizations- Mesopotamia (Sumerian and Akkadian Period)/Egypt (Old
Kingdom) Ecological Context, Kingship and State, Social Pattern and Economy. Art, Religion and
Culture
UNIT IV: Bronze Age Civilizations- Minoan/ Mycenean,Ecological Context,Kingship and State,
Social Pattern and Economy Art, Religion and Culture
Essential Readings and Unit wise Teaching outcome:

Unit I: This Unit will help students understand the concept of Civilization. The important milestones
in the growth and spread of civilizations viz. urban revolution, Bronze Age and advent of metal
technology will also be dealt with. (Teaching period: 2 Weeks approx.)
● Childe, G. (1950). “The Urban Revolution, “The Town Planning Review, Vol. 21, No. 1,
April 1950, pp. 3-17.
9
● Redman, C.L. (1978). The Rise of Civilisations. From Early Farmers to Urban Society in the
Ancient Near East. San Francisco: W.H. Freeman, Chapter 2, 6, 7, pp. 16-49; 188-213; 214-243.
● Scarre, Christopher and Brian M. Fagan. (2008). Ancient Civilizations (3rd edn.), New Jer-
sey: Pearson/Prentice Hall, pp. 3-12, and pp. 26-47.
● Whitehouse, R. (1977). The First Civilizations. Oxford: Phaidon, Chapters 1 and 9, pp 7-15
and 177-199.
● Childe, V.G. 1930. The Bronze Age. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
● Childe, V. Gordon.1957. ‘The Bronze Age’. Past and Present. 12 (November): 2-15
UNIT II: This unit will deal will the idea of civilizations and the evolution of complex societies
associated with the Bronze Age Civilizations in India / China during the Shang Dynasty. As such it
will delve into factors leading to the use of metallurgy, its function in socio-religious complex and
political structures thereof. (Teaching period: 4 Weeks approx.):
India:
● Allchin, B., and R. Allchin. (1997). Origins of a Civilization: The Prehistory and Early
Archaeology of South Asia. New Delhi: Viking. (Chapters 6,7,8,9 & 10, pp. 113- 222).
● Chakrabarti, D.K. (1999). India: An Archaeological History. Delhi: Oxford University Press.
(Chapters V and VI. pp.151-261).
● Ratnagar, Shereen. (2001). Understanding Harappa: Civilization in the Greater Indus Valley.
Delhi: Tulika, Pp. 6-42, 103-115, 122-152.
● Ratnagar, Shereen. Approaches to the Study of Ancient Technology.
● Ratnagar, Shereen. (2007). Makers and Shapers: Early Indian Technology in the Home, Vil-
lage and Urban Workshop, Delhi, pp. 156, 196, 218 n. 12.
● Singh, Upinder. (2008). A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India: From the Stone Age
to the 12th Century. Delhi: Pearson Longman. (Chapter 4, pp. 132- 181.) (Available in Hindi).
● Thaplyal, K. K. and Sankata Prasad Shukla. (2003). Sindhu Sabhyata (त संधु सभ्यता). Luck-
now: Uttar Pradesh Hindi Sansthan. (In Hindi) PP. 25-107, 157- 226, 262-276, 292- 315, 354-363.
● China
● Chang, K.C. (1987). Shang Civilization. New Haven, Conn: Yale University Press, pp. 263-
288.
● Feng, Li. (2013). Early China, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 1-111.
● Keightly, D.N. (1999). “The Shang. China’s First Historical Dynasty” in Michael Loewe and
Edward L. Shaughnessey. (Ed.). The Cambridge History of Ancient China. From the originsof Civiliza-
tion to 221 B.C. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999.
● Thorp, R. L. (2006). China in the Early Bronze Age. Shang Civilization. Pennsylvania: Uni-
versity of Pennsylvania Press.
10
UNIT III:
Mesopotamia is considered to be the cradle of civilization and this unit will trace the evolution of
complex societies, especially in relation to civilizational trait markers such as religion, urbanization,
social stratification ranging from early farming in Zagros to mature urbanization in Southern Meso-
potamia. The unit will also deal with Egypt that presented another model of civilizational develop-
ment with the Pharaohic model of kingship, development of writing, distinct geography and monu-
mental art and architecture.
● Nissen, H.J. (2003). The Early History of the Ancient Near East, 9000-2000 B.C. Oxford and
Victoria: Blackwell.
● Redman, C.L. (1978). The Rise of Civilisations. From Early Farmers to Urban Society in the
Ancient near East. San Francisco: W.H. Freeman, Chapters 8, pp. 244-322.
● Roux, Georges (1992). Ancrent Iraq, UK: Penguin, Chapters 1, 5, 6, 8, 9; pp. 1-16; pp. 66-
103; 122-160.
● Whitehouse, R. (1977). The First Civilizations, Oxford: Phaidon, Chapters 3, 4, 5, pp. 33-
115.
● Trigger, Bruce G. 2003. Understanding Early Civilizations: A Comparative
Study.Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
● फाारूका , A. (2015). प्राच न और मध्यकााला न सामाात िाक सां रचनाएा और सां स्का त
तराााा , त िाल्ल : मानक प्रकाशन (Ch. 4)
● Egypt:
● Hawkes, J. (1973). “Egypt: the beginnings and the Old Kingdom” in The First Great Civili-
sations: Life in Mesopotamia, the Indus Valley and Egypt, New York: Knopf/RandomHouse.
● Trigger, B.G., B.J. Kemp, D. O’Connor and A.B. Lloyd. (1983). Ancient Egypt A Social
History. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, Chapters 1 & 2, pp. 1-43.
● Silverman, D. P. (Ed.). (2003). Ancient Egypt. New York: Oxford University Press (Ed.) pp.
10 - 27.
● Warden, L. A. 2014. Pottery and Economy in the Old Kingdom. Leiden: Brill.
● Teeter, Emily. 2011. Religion and Ritual in Ancient Egypt. New York: Cambridge University
Press.
● Wolinski, Arelene. 1987. ‘Egyptian Masks: The Priest and His Role’, Archaeology,40 (1):
22.
● Morenz, S. 1960. Egyptian Religion. (A. E. Keep, trans.) New York: Cornell University
Press.
तराााा , त िाल्ल : मानक प्रकाशन (Ch. 5).
UNIT IV: This unit will deal with another model of Bronze Age Civilizations in the Greek archipel-
ago that has been termed Minoan/ Mycenean within their Ecological Context. It will look at the
manner in which Kingship was intertwined with the evolution of State, Social Patterns and Economy.
Further it will delve into Art, Religion and Culture especially in context of Greek mythology and
pantheon. (Teaching Period: 4 Weeks)
11
● M. I. Finley, The Ancient Greeks, 1963.
● M. I. Finley, Early Greece: The Bronze and Archaic Ages, 1970.
● Sarah Pomeroy, Godesses, whores, wives and Slaves, 1995 reprint, pp.16-31
● Bridenthal and Koonz (Ed). Becoming Visible:Women in European History, 1977,
pp.36-59.
● Renfrew, Colin. (1999). The Emergence of Civilisation. The Cyclades and the Aegean in the
Third Millennium B.C. London: Methuen, 1972.
● Bintliff, John L. “Settlement and Territory.” In Companion Encyclopedia of Archaeology.
Edited by Graeme Barker, Vol. 1. London: Routledge, 1999, pp. 505–545.
तराााा , त िाल्ल : मानक प्रकाशन (Ch. 6).
● Suggested Readings:
● Burns, Edward McNall, and Philip Lee Ralph. (1982). World Civilizations: Their History
and Their Culture. Norton, New York.
● Fagan, Brian M. People of the Earth. (1977). Little, Brown.
● Farooqui, Amar. (2001). Early Social Formation, New Delhi.
● UNESCO Series: History of Mankind, Vols. I – III / or New ed. History of Humanity.
● Cambridge History of Africa, Vol I. CUP, Cambridge, 1975.
● Childe, Vere Gordon. (1946). What happened in history. Baltimore, MD. (Available in Hindi
also).
● Roux, Georges. (1992). Ancient Iraq. Penguin.
● Childe, Vere Gordon. (1951). Social Evolution. London: Watts.
● Curtin, P. D. 1984. Cross-Cultural Trade in World History. Melbourne:
CambridgeUniversity Press.
● Frankfort, Henri. 1978. Kingship and God: A Study of Ancient Near Eastern Religion as the
integration of Society and Nature. Chicago: Chicago University Press.
● Bogucki, P. & Pam J. Crabtree, (2004). Ancient Europe (8000 B.C -A.D. 1000). AnEncy-
clopedia of the Barbarian World, Charles Scribner’s Sons, New York.
Video Recommendations:
● How Ancient Chinese Bronzes were created: https://www.youtube.com/watch
● Oracle Bone, Shang Dynasty: https://www.youtube.com/watch
● https://egyankosh.ac.in/handle/
12
Assessment Methods:
Continuous assessment process shall be adapted to measure their grasp on debates and
discussions covered in the class. Two written assignments along with one presentation can be
used for final grading of the students. Students will be assessed on their ability to engage with a
sizeable corpus of readings assigned to the theme for written submissions, i. e. being able to explain
important historical trends and tracing historiography reflected in the assigned readings.
Internal Assessment: 25 Marks
Written Exam: 75 Marks To-
tal: 100 Marks
Key Words: Civilization, historiography, sources, urban revolution, technology, bronze age, king-
ship, religion, culture, ecological
13
6. Mathematics: Elements of Discrete Mathematics
Total Marks: 100 (Theory: 75, Internal Assessment: 25) Examination: 3 Hrs.
Credits: 4
Course Objectives: Students are introduced to the important concept of order (or
partial order) and related properties. The course includes the notion of a lattice which
is also a step towards abstract algebra. Students are taught the concept of Boolean
algebra and its applications to minimizing a Boolean polynomial and switching circuits,
which has further applications in computer science.
Course Learning Outcomes: This course will enable the students to:
i) Understand the basic concepts of sets, relations, functions, and induction.
ii) Understand mathematical logic and logical operations to various fields.
iii) Understand the notion of order and maps between partially ordered sets.
iv) Minimize a Boolean polynomial and apply Boolean algebra techniques to
decode switching circuits.
Unit 1: Sets, Relations and Functions

Sets, Propositions and logical operations, Conditional statements, Mathematical
induction, Relations and equivalence relation, Equivalence classes, Partial order
relation, Partially ordered set, Hasse diagrams, Chain, Maximal and minimal elements,
least and greatest elements, Least upper bound, Greatest lower bound, Zorn’s lemma,
Functions and bijective functions, Functions between POSETS, Order isomorphism.
Unit 2: Lattices
Lattice as a POSET, Lattice as an algebra and their equivalence, Bounded lattices,
Sublattices, Interval in a lattice, Products and homomorphism of lattices, Isomorphism
of lattices; Distributive, Complemented, Partition and pentagonal lattices.
Unit 3: Boolean Algebra and Switching Circuits

Boolean algebra, De Morgan’s laws, Boolean expressions, Truth tables, Logic
diagrams, Boolean functions, Disjunctive normal forms (as join of meets), Minimal
forms of Boolean polynomials, Quine Mc-Cluskey method, Karnaugh maps, Switching
circuits, Applications of switching circuits.
References:
1. Rudolf Lidl, & Gunter Pilz (2004). Applied Abstract Algebra (2nd ed.).
Undergraduate text in Mathematics, Springer (SIE), Indian Reprint.
2. Bernard Kolman, Robert C. Busby, & Sharon Cutler Ross (2009). Discrete
Mathematical Structures (6th ed.). Pearson education Inc., Indian reprint.
Additional Reading:
i. Rosen, Kenneth H. (2017). Discrete Mathematics and its applications with
combinatorics and Graph Theory (7th ed.). McGraw Hill Education.
14
7. Political Science : Public Administration in India
Course Objective
The paper seeks to provide an introduction to the different dimensions of public administration in
India. It seeks to acquaint the student with an analytical and critical understanding of the institution
of Indian bureaucracy, with issues of decentralization, financial management, public
accountability, e-governance and some specific dimensions of citizens and social welfare policies.

With this course, we expect that students will be able to:
• Have a clear picture of the complex institutional structure of Indian administration at
present
• Understand the building blocks of local governance, in rural and urban areas
• Explain the processes by which different budgeting systems work for this structure
• Analyse the processes of implementation of different social welfare policies by the
administrative institutions.
Unit 1. Indian Administration

a. Structure of the Civil Services: Evolution
i. Colonial Legacy
ii. Civil Service in the Constitutional Framework; appointment training,
promotion
iii. PMO, Cabinet Secretariat
iv. Major Initiatives in Administrative Reforms
Unit 2. Decentralization and Local Self Governance

a. Meaning and Types: Rural and Urban
b. PRIs and implementation of public policies
Unit 3. Budget
a. Concept of Budget and Budget Cycle in India
b. Types of Budget: Line Budget, Performance Planning Budget, Zero Based Budget
c. Budget making: role of the Finance Ministry
Unit 4. Technology and Public Administration in India

a. E-Governance: The Journey of E-Governance in India
b. Models of E-Governance: Case-Study of Digital India Mission
15
Unit 5. Social Welfare Policies
a. Education: Right to Education
b. Health: National Health Mission
c. Food: Right to Food Security
d. Employment: MGNREGA
Unit 6. Issues and Debates in Indian Administration

a. Ethics in Administration: Integrity vs. Corruption
b. Accountability: RTI, Lokpal, Citizens’ Charter
c. Relationship between Political Executive and Permanent Executive
d. Generalists and Specialists
e. Gender sensitivity and gender participation
Unit wise reading list
Unit 1. Indian Administration

Basic Readings
K.S. Chalam, ‘Constitutional Status Of Civil Service In India’ in K.S. Chalam [ed.], Governance
in South Asia: State of The Civil Services, Sage Publishers, 2014.
Devesh Kapur and Pratap Bhanu Mehta, Public Institutions in India: Performance and Design,
Oxford University Press, 2007.
Second ARC Report, Report X, Personnel Administration and Scaling New Heights, 2005
[https://darpg.gov.in/sites/default/files/personnel_administration10.pdf]
Swarup, Anil, Ethical Dilemmas of a Civil Servant, Unique Publishers, 2021
Second ARC Report, 2005, Report IV, Ethics in Governance,
[https://darpg.gov.in/sites/default/files/ethics4.pdf]
Bhure Lal, ‘Civil Service Values and Neutrality’in K.S. Chalam [ed.], Governance in South Asia:
State of The Civil Services, Sage Publishers, 2014
Additional Readings
Mathur, K. Recasting Public Administration in India: Reform, Rhetoric and Neo- liberalism New
Delhi, Oxford University Press, 2019.
Chakrabarty, Bidyut and Mohit Bhattacharya, The Governance Discourse- A Reader, New Delhi:
Oxford University Press, 2008
Gupta, Deepak, The Steel Frame: A History of the IAS, Roli Books, 2019.
Caiden, Gerald E., 2009, Administrative Reforms, Aldine Transaction, Chicago, 2009.
16
N. Bhaskar. Rao, Good Governance: Delivering Corruption-Free Public Services, Sage Publishers,
2013.
R. K. Sapru, Indian Administration: A Foundation of Governance, Sage, 2018.
Unit 2. Decentralization and Local Self Governance
Basic Readings
Bardhan, Pranab and Dilip Mookherjee, ‘The Rise of Local Governments: An Overview’, in
Pranab Bardhan,And Dilip Mookherjee [eds.] Decentralisation and Local Governance in
Developing Countries: A Comparative Perspective, Oxford University Press, 2007
Amitabh Kundu, ‘Urban System in India: Trends, Economic Base, Governance, and a Perspective
of Growth under Globalization’ in Waquar Ahmed, Amitabh Kundu, Richard Peet [eds.] , India's
New Economic Policy: A Critical Analysis, Routledge, 2010.
B.P. Syam Roy, Democratic Decentralization in West Bengal, in E. Venkatesu, Democratic
Decentralisation in India: Experiences, Issues and Challenges, Routledge [South Asia Edition],
2016
Bhagidari Scheme in Delhi; Partnership Between Local Government and Non-State
Agencies/Actors; https://egyankosh.ac.in/bitstream/123456789/25833/1/Unit-10.pdf
Jawed Alam Khan, ‘Issues in Devolution of Functions, Functionaries and Funds to PRIs: A
Comparative Assessment of UP, Rajasthan and Kerala in 2016’, in E. Venkatesu, Democratic
Decentralisation In India: Experiences, Issues And Challenges, Routledge, 2016
Lalita Chandrashekhar, ‘Caste, Party and Democratic Decentralisation in Karnataka’ in B.S.
Baviskar and George Mathew [eds.] Inclusion and Exclusion in Local Governance: Field Studies
from Rural India, Sage Publishers, 2009
Additional Readings
Jayal, N.G., Amit Prakash and P.K.Sharma, Local Governance in India: Decentralization and
Beyond, New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2006.
Satyajit Singh, The Local in Governance: Politics, Decentralisation and Environment, Oxford
University Press, New Delhi, 2016.
Satyajit Singh and Pradeep K. Sharma [eds.] Decentralisation: Institutions and Politics in Rural
India, Oxford University Press, 2007.
D. A. Rondinelli and S. Cheema, Decentralisation and Development, Beverly Hills: Sage
Publishers, 1983.
Chandni Singh and Andaleeb Rehman, Urbanising the Rural: Reflections on India’s National
Rurban Mission, Asia and Pacific Policy Studies, March 2018
Dreze, Jean and Amartya Sen, India: Development and Participation, Oxford University Press,
New York, 2002
Mehra, Diya, What Has Urban Decentralization Meant: A Case Study of Delhi, Pacific Affairs,
Volume 86, No. 4, December 2013
17
Mary John, ‘Women in Power? Gender, Caste and The Politics of Local Urban Governance’, in
T.R. Raghunandan [ed.] Decentralization and Local Government: The Indian experience, Orient
BlackSwan, 2013
Unit 3. Budget
Basic Readings
Karnam, Gayithri (ed.), Public Budgeting in India, Principles and Practices, Springer, 2018.
Nicholas Henry, Public Administration and Public Affairs. New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 2012.
Rumki Basu, Public Administration: Concepts and Theories, Sterling Publishers, 2013.
Additional Readings
Green Budgeting in Annual Budget 2022; https://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/climate-
change/how-green-is-union-budget-2022-23--81354
Green Budgeting; https://www.oecd.org/environment/green-budgeting/OECD-Green-Budgeting-
Framework-Highlights.pdf
Handbook on Gender Budgeting.; https://wcd.nic.in/sites/default/files/GB%20-
%20Handbook%20October%202015.pdf
Caiden, N., ‘Public Budgeting Amidst Uncertainty and Instability’, in Shafritz, J.M. & Hyde, A.C.
(eds.) Classics of Public Administration, Belmont: Wadsworth, 2004
Siuli Sarkar, Public Administration In India, PHI Publishers,2010
Unit 4-6
Basic Readings
Shamshad Ahmad, Right to Information: Issues of Administrative Efficiency, Public
Accountability and Good Governance in India, The Indian Journal of Public Administration, Vol
LV, January- March, No. 3, 2009
Preeti D. Pohekar , A Study of Ombudsman System in India with Special Reference to Lokayukta
in Maharashtra , Gyan Publishing House, 2010
Shivani Singh, Citizen’s Charter, in Governance: Issues and Challenges, Sage Publishers, 2016
Dhal, Sangita, 2022, E-Governance and Citizen Engagement: New Directions in Public
Administration, Sage Publishers
Dhal, Sangita, ‘Situating Digital India Mission in Pursuit of Good Governance: A Study of
Electronic Governance Initiatives’, Indian Journal of Public Administration, Sage Publication,
January-March (66.1), pp 110-126, 2020
Tillin, Louise Rajeshwari Deshpande and K. K. Kailash [eds.], Politics of Welfare: Comparisons
Across Indian States. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2015
Khera, Reetika,(ed.), 2011, The Battle For Employment Guarantee, Oxford University Press, New
Delhi, 2011
18
Additional Readings
N.Vittal, ‘Accountability in Public Service’in K.S. Chalam [ed.], Governance in South Asia: State
of The Civil Services, Sage Publishers, 2014
Second ARC Report, Report 1, Right to Information, 2005,
https://darpg.gov.in/sites/default/files/rti_masterkey1.pdf
Samuel Paul, India's Citizen's Charters: In Search of a Champion, Economic and Political Weekly,
Vol. 43, No. 7, Feb. 16 - 22, 2008, pp. 67-73
Pippa Norris, Digital Divide: Civic Engagement, Information, Poverty and The Internet World
Wide. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001
Chaudhuri, Bidisha, E-Governance In India-Interlocking, Politics, Technology and Culture,
Routledge, New York, 2014
Dhal, Sangita, Enabling Social Rights through Proactive Public Policy: Auditing Education and
Health Sectors in India, Indian Journal of Public Administration, Volume 52, No.1, New Delhi,
2016
Renu Srivastava, Impact of Central Sponsored Schemes on Women Empowerment with Special
Reference to Health and Education, Kamlesh Gupta, State and Public Policy, Pentagon Press, 2018
Rukmini Banerji, ‘Learning for All: Lessons from ASER and Pratham in India on the Role of
Citizens and Communities in Improving Children’s Learning’ in Sungsup Ra, Shanti Jagannathan
and Rupert Maclean, Powering a Learning Society During an Age of Disruption, Springer
Publishers, 2021 [https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-981-16-0983-1_13]
K. Lee and Mills, The Economic of Health in Developing Countries, Oxford: Oxford University
Press, 1983
Vinod Kumar, Socio-Economic Impact of MGNREGA on Rural People: A Study in Mandi District
of Himachal Pradesh, Indian Journal of Public Administration, Sage Publication, January-March
(59.2), 2013 [https://doi.org/10.1177/0019556120130213]
Anjoo Sharan Upadhyaya, Ashild Kolas and Ruchita Beri, Food Governance in India: Rights,
Security and Challenges in The Global Sphere, Routledge, 2022.
19
8. Sanskrit : Sanskrit Poetry

Max. Marks: (75+25= 100) Credits: 04
[A] Course Objectives:

This course aims at getting the students acquainted with the general outlines of Classical Sanskrit
Literature of Poetry through the study of some classical texts.
[B] Course Learning Outcomes:
This course will help the students develop a fair idea of the works of great Sanskrit poets. They
will be able to appreciate the styles and thought patterns of individual poets focusing on the
poetical, artistic, cultural and historical aspects of their works. This course will give students the
required skills for translation and interpretation of poetic works.
[C] Course Contents

Unit I
Raghuvaṁśam: Canto-I (Verses 1-25):
Introduction (Author and Text), Meaning/translation, Explanation, Story, Characteristics
of Raghu Clan, Characteristics of Dilīpa, Role of Dilīpa for the welfare of the subjects.
Appropriateness of title, Background of given contents.
Unit II
Śiśupālavadham - Canto II, (Verses 26-56):
Introduction (Author and Text), Appropriateness of title, Background of given contents,
Grammar, Translation, Explanation, Poetic excellence, thematic analysis. माघे िसन्त त्रयो
गुणााः, मेघे माघे गतं वयाः, तावद् भा भारवेभाासत यावन्माघस्य नोदयाः
Unit III
Nītiśatakam - (Verses 1-20):
Translation, explanation, social experiences of Bhartṛhari, Types of Fool.
Unit IV
History of Sanskrit Poetry:
Aśvaghoṣa, Kālidāsa, Bhāravi, Māgha, Śrīharṣa, Jayadeva, Bhartṛhari and their works.
Origin and Development of Different types of Mahākāvya and Gītikāvya with special
reference to the following Poets and their works.
[D] References:
Compulsory Readings:
1. तिपाठी, कृ ण् मतण, रघवु शं म् (मतलिनाथकृ त स ज् ीवनीटीका), चौखम्बा सरु भारती पकाशन, वाराणसी, १९०३.
2. झा, ताररणीश (व्या.), भतृृहररकृ त नीततशतकम् ,संसक
् ृ त टीका, तहन्दी व अगं ेजीव्याख्यानवु ादसतहत, रामनारायणिाि
बेनीमाधव , इिाहाबाद, १९७६.
20
3. रिपाठी, बाबरू ाम (सम्पा.), भतृृहररकृ त नीततशतकम् महािक् म् ी पकाशन, आगरा, १९८६
4. तव ण् दु त्त शमाृ शास्ती (व्या.), भतृृहररकृ त नीततशतकम,् तवमिचतनि् कासंसक
् ृ तटीका व तहन्दी- व्याख्यासतहत,
ज् नपकाशन, मेरठ, सवं त् २०३४.
5. तशशपु ािवध – माघ, चौखम्बा तवद्याभवन, वाराणसी
6. C.R. Devadhar (Ed.), Raghuvaṁśam of Kālidāsa, MLBD. Delhi, 1996.
7. Gopal Raghunath Nandargikar (Ed.), Raghuvaṁśam of Kālidāsa, MLBD, Delhi, 1897.
8. M.R. Kale (Ed.), Nītiśatakam of Bhartṛhari, MLBD., Delhi.
9. M.R. Kale (Ed.), Raghuvaṁśam of Kālidāsa, MLBD, Delhi, 1922.
Additional Resources:
1. Keith, A.B., History of Sanskrit Literature, MLBD, Delhi, 1953.
2. Krishnamachariar, History of Classical Sanskrit Literature, MLBD, Delhi, 1937.
3. Gaurinath Shastri, A Concise History of Sanskrit Literature, MLBD, Delhi, 1987.
4. Winternitz, Maurice: Indian Literature (Vol. I-III), also Hindi Translation, MLBD,
Delhi, 1985.
[E] Assessment Methods:

I. Final Examination
Basic structure of Question Paper & Division of marks 75
i. Translation-3 (from unit I to III) 03 x 04 = 12

ii. Explanations-3 (from unit I to III) 03 x 06 = 18
iii. Questions 04 (Unit I to IV) 04 x 08 = 32
iv. Grammatical notes from prescribe text (from Unit 1 to 5) 01 x 05 = 05
v. Short Notes (from Unit IV) 02 x 04 = 08
Internal Assessment (Project/Discussion/Assignment/ paper

II 25
presentation/ Periodic tests etc.)
Total Marks: (I+II) (75+25) = 100

[F] Keywords:
Sanskrit Literature, Mahākāvya, Gītikāvya, Raghuvaṁśam, Nītiśatakam, Classical Sanskrit
Literature, Poetry, etc.
21
9. Urdu : Study of Modern Poetry-I

Credit-4
Nazmain
1. Nazeer Akbarabadi – Muflisi, Banjaranama (Matn ki Tadrees)

2. Iqbal – Tasweere Dard, Jibreel Wa Iblees (Matn ki Tadrees)
3. Josh – Kisaan, Mahajan Aur Muflis (Matn ki Tadrees)
4. Faiz – Tanhai, Nisar Main Teri Galiyon Pe (Matn ki Tadrees)
Ghazlain
5. Shad Azimabadi
Kuchh Kahe Jata Tha Apne Hi Afsane Mein (Matn ki Tadrees)
Ab Bhi Ik Umr Pe Jeene Ka Na Andaaz Aaya (Matn ki Tadrees)
6. Hasrat Mohani
Bhulata Lakh Hun Lekin Barabar Yaad Aate Hain (Matn ki Tadrees)
Nigahe Naaz Jise Aashnae Raaz Kare (Matn ki Tadrees)
7. Jigar Muradabadi
Dil Gaya Raunaqe Hayaat Gai (Matn ki Tadrees)
Kabhi Shakho Sabzao Barg Par, Kabhi Ghunchao Gulo Khar Par
(Matn ki Tadrees)
8. Asghar Gondvi
Aalaame Rozgar Ko Aasan Bana Diya (Matn ki Tadrees)
Koi Mahmil Nashin Kyun shad Ya Nashad Hota Hai (Matn ki Tadrees)
Text Book:
Intikhabe Manzumat Hissa Awwal wa Dom – Uttar Pradesh Urdu Akademi,
Lucknow
Reference Books:
1. Urdu Shairi Ka Fanni Irtiqa – Dr. Farman Fatehpuri
2. Jadeed Urdu Nazm: Nazarita Wa Amal – Aqeel Ahmad Siddiqi
3. Nai Nazm Ka Safar – Khalilurrahman Azmi
4. Urdu Shairi Mein Azad Nazm Aur Nazme Muarra – Haneef Kaifi
5. Nazmon Ke Tajziye – Qazi Afzal Husain
6. Jadeed Urdu Nazm Hali Se Meeraji Tak –Kausar Mazhari
7. Jadeed Urdu Ghazal – Rasheed Ahmad Siddiqi
8. Urdu Ghazal – Kamil Qureshi
9. Ghazal Ki Sargushisht – Akhtar Ansari
10.Urdu Ghazal Ka Naya Manzarnama – Shameem Hanfi
22
Minor : Paper-II Discipline A1
1. Economics : Introductory Microeconomics
• Course Abbreviation : MICRO1
• Credits: 4
This course is designed to expose students to the basic principles of microeconomic theory. The
emphasis will be on teaching the fundamental economic trade-offs and allocation problems due
to scarcity of resources. This course will use graphical methods to illustrate how microeconomic
concepts can be applied to analyze real-life situations.
Students will learn to think about economic trade-offs and opportunities. They will learn the
fundamentals of market mechanisms and government interventions.
Unit 1 : Introduction to economic trade-offs

Resources and opportunities, Gains from trade, Individual and society
Unit 2 : How market works
Supply and demand, Price and resource allocation, Elasticity, Market, trade and welfare.
Unit 3 : Role of government
Taxation, Public good, Inequality and poverty
Unit 4 : Individual decision and interactions
Decision versus strategic interaction, How to think about strategic interactions,
Real life Final Examinationples.
• Suggested Readings
– Mankiw, N. G. (2018). Principles of Microeconomics 8th ed.

– Frank, R. H., & Cartwright, E. (2010). Microeconomics and behavior. New York: McGraw-Hill.
– Dixit, A. K., & Skeath, S. (2015). Games of strategy: Fourth international student edition.
WW Norton & Company.
– Acemoglu, D., Laibson, D., & List, J. (2017). Microeconomics. Pearson.
23
2. Education : Basic Concept and Ideas in Education
Credits: 4
MM: l00 (External: 75 Internal: 25)
Course Objectives
This is a discipline course in education, which aims to provide the basics of education and the
nature of education (Liberal). It establishes the interdisciplinary nature of education by
acquainting the student with its interconnectedness with other disciplines: philosophy,
psychology, sociology, economics and polity. It intends to clarify the significant concepts in
education. The students will be able to know and understand how educational aims are
framed. They will also be able to comprehend the linkages between social institutions and
education. Social change and its relationship with education will be understood. This paper
will help develop analytical and critical thinking based on the themes and issues in education
in a philosophical and social context.
Learning Outcomes
Know the concept of education and its interconnections with other relevant disciplines and its
nature.
• Understand various theoretical concepts in education.

• Understand how the aims of education are formulated and how they are influenced by
various socio-cultural forces/aspects.
• Establish the importance of education for all human beings.
• Develop critical thinking and analytical ability to evaluate written texts and formulate their
response to reality.
• Understand the role of ethics, morals and values in education.
Unit-1: Basic Ideas in Education

• Education: Its meaning processes, purpose and aims; its liberal and interdisciplinary
nature.
24
• Major concepts in Education: Schooling and Education, Teaching, Training,
Learning, Indoctrination, and Propaganda.
• Epistemological basis of education: Knowledge, Belief, Inquiry, Reason
• Ethics, values and ideals
Unit 2: Understanding Education and Society (5 weeks)
• Education and Socialisation: Agencies of Socialisation-Home, Family, Community,

School and Media.
• Culture and Education: Role of education in preservation, transformation, and
promotion of Culture; culture and ideology.
• Constitutional Values: Equality, Freedom, Justice, Secularism, Human Rights
• Bases for formulating Aims of Education: With reference to the constitution and other
socio-cultural forces in India.
Unit 3: Thinkers in Education (4 weeks)
Each thinker is to be studied with reference to their perspectives on education.
• Sri Aurobindo
• J. Krishnamurti
• John Dewey
• J.J. Rousseau
• Paulo Freire
Suggested Projects/ Assignments (Any Two)
• Read the Position Paper titled 'Aims of Education' (NCF 2005 or any recent position
paper) and present your understanding.
• Beginning with the Preamble of the Constitution of India, focus on the ideas of
Justice, Liberty, Equality, and Secularism and present your understanding of these
concepts and how can education help to achieve them.
• Identify any one aim of education and study the current practices of any school to
understand how this aim is being realised.
• A detailed study of one educational thinker concerning his ideas on the nature of the
child, teacher, and school and their relevance and challenges in the contemporary
context.
• Reflective critical essay on one's socialisation with reference to home, school,
community and media.
• Interview school teacher(s) and discuss their understanding of the meanmg of
education.
Note: Based on the above, the teacher may design other relevant projects/ assignments
25
Readings
• Barrow, R., & Milburn G. (1986) A critical dictionary of educational concepts: An

appraisal of selected ideas and issues in educational theory and practice. New
York.(Concepts: Education; Schooling; Teaching; Ethics; Indoctrination; Knowledge;
Learning.)
• Dewey, J. (I 916). Democracy and Education: An introduction to the philosophy of
education. New York: MacMillan.
• Freire. P. (2005). Pedagogy of the oppressed. Continuum.
• Gore, M.S., Desai,I.P., &Chitnis S. (1967). Papers in Sociology of Education.
NCERT: New Delhi. Chl pp 1-18; Ch 2 pp33-51; Ch 3 pp 52-74; Ch 5 pp91-
106,l l l-126; Ch 6 pp 133-141.
• Jarvis, P (edited) (2002).The Theo,y and Practice of Teaching (2 nd ed) Ch 4 P 39-51;
Ch 17 P 237-247.
• Krishnamurti, J. On Education, Krishnamurti Foundation India
• Kumar, K. (2004). What Is Worth Teaching? India: Orient Blackswan.
• Noddings, N. (1995). Philosophy ofEducation. Westview Press
• Peters, R.S. (1966) Ethics and Education, Routledge, p.23-45.
• Rousseau, J. J. (1817). Emile (Vol. 2). A. Belin.
• Salamatullah (I 979)Education in the Social Context. NCERT Ch I P 1-8; Ch 2 P I 0-
12; Sec. 11- Introduction Ch 3 P #0-32, 35-36, 38-40; Ch 4 P 63-74; Ch 5 P 83-85;
Ch 9& 10 P 167-185;Ch 12 P 194-204.
• Schofield, H., The Philosophy of Education-An Introduction. Unit -1 The Concept
'Values' P 205-227;The Concept 'Culture' P 107-119.
• Titus H., Smith, M. &Nolan, Richard T. (1975) Living Issues in Philosophy. Part 1
P 25-44; Part 2 Chapter 6 P I 02-111.
Hindi
• Kumar, K. (1993). Raj, Sama} aur Shiksha. New Delhi: Raj Kamal Prakashan.
• Mittal, M.L. (2012).Shiksha keSamajshastriya Aadhar.Delhi: Pearson. Ch 1 P 1-9; Ch
3 P 20-28; Ch 4 P 33-42; Ch 5 P 46-52; Ch 9&10 P 82-91 & 96-111; Ch 11 P 116-
119; Ch 14 P 145-151; Ch 18 P 193-199; Ch 19 P ; Ch 20 P 214-224; Ch 23 P 245-
254; Ch 24 P 258-282.
• Pandeya, R. S. (1994).Shiksha Darshan. Vinod Pustak Mandir, Agra. Ch 2 P 26-34;
Ch 3 P 59-61; Ch 4 75-88; Ch 22 P 396-424.
• Saluja, C. K. (2004) Shiksha -Ek Vivechan. Ravi Books (Whole Book)
Additional Readings
• Bhogle, S. (I 981). Socialisation among different cultures. In Sinha, D. Socialisation

of the Indian Child. New Delhi: Concept Publishing Co.
• Brint, S. (1998). Schools and Societies. California: Pine Forge Press. (Chapters I and
5)
26
• Brubacher, John S. (1969) Modern Philosophies of Education. McGraw Hills. 4 th
edition. Ch -1 P7-9;Ch 5 P95-107; Ch6 P109-130;Ch 11 P221-245;Ch13 P278-
281;Ch14 P297-305; Ch16 P362-364 .
• Cohen, B. (1969). Educational Thought- An Introduction. Britain: MacMillan.
• Dewey, J. (1915). The School and Society. USA: The U niversity of Chicago Press.
• Dhankar, R. (2010 ). Education in Emerging Indian Society. New Delhi: APH
Publishing Corporation.
• Dubey, S.C. (2001). Indian Society. New Delhi: NBT.
• Hamm, C. M. (1999). Philosophical Issues in Education-An Introduction. New York:
The Falmer Press
• Kumar, K. (2007). Education and Culture: India's Quest for a Secular Policy. In
Kumar, K. and J. Oesterheld (Ed) Education and Social Change in South Asia.
Hyderabad: Orient Longman
• Magee, J. B. (1971). Philosophical Analysis In Education, Harper and Row
Publishers Ch1;Ch 4;Ch5;Ch6 .
• Freire P. (1992).Pedagogy of Hope. Continuum, London
• Peters, R.S. (2010). The Concept of Education (Eds.). London: Routledge and Kegan
Paul.
• Saluja, C.K. (2004). Shiksa, Sama} aur Vikas. New Delhi: Kanishka Publication.
• Shermis,SS . . (1967).Philosophical Foundations of Education. Van Nostrand Reinhold
Ch1 Pl-2l;Ch2 P26-36;Ch5 Plll-117; Ch7 P160-16l;Ch9 P205-213 , P
222- 225 .
• Shukla, S., and Kumar, K. ( I987). Sociological Perspectives in Education. US: South
Asia Books.
Assessment Method
The assessment will be formative in nature and will include student participation. Individual
and group tasks and assignments will be given. Summative evaluation will be done through
an end-semester examination.
Keywords
Education, Concepts, Ideas
27
3. English : Introduction to Literary Studies
Course objective:
 To offer students a foundational understanding of the domain of literature, its genres,

methods of critique and its distinctive ability to influence and project social and cultural
change.
Course outcome:
 By the end of this course, it is hoped that a basic sense of literature as a discipline of
thought and application will be inculcated among students.
Course Content:
UNIT I: Reading the Novel
1. Jane Austen: Pride and Prejudice
2. Prince, Gerald J. Narratology: Form and Function of Narrative. NY: Mouton Publishers, 1982.
pp 7 – 16 & pp 103 – 105
3. Kaul, A.N. ‘A New Province of Writing,’ The Domain of the Novel: Reflections on Some
Historical Definitions. Routledge, 2021. pp 20-36
UNIT II: Reading Poetry
4. John Milton: ‘On His Blindness’
5. William Wordsworth: ‘Composed Upon Westminster Bridge’
6. Emily Dickinson: ‘341 After Great Pain’
7. Rabindranath Tagore: ‘Where the Mind is Without Fear’
8. Ferguson, Margaret, Mary Jo Salter and Jon Stallworthy, ‘Versification and Poetic Syntax’, The
Norton Anthology of Poetry, 5th edition. NY and London: W.W. Norton & Company, 2005. pp
2021 – 2065
28
UNIT III: Reading Drama
9. Mahesh Dattani: Tara
10. Watson, G.J. ‘The Nature of Drama’, Drama: An Introduction (London: Macmillan, 1983)
11. Tanvir, Habib. It Must Flow: A Life in Theatre
http://www.seagullindia.com/stq/pdf/STQ%20Issue%2010.pdf
12. Day, Gary. ‘Introduction’, Class. UK: Routledge, 2001. pp 1 – 18
SUGGESTED READINGS:
1. Hudson, William Henry. An Introduction to the Study of Literature. New Delhi: Atlantic
Publishers and distributors 1998, 2006.
2. Booth, Wayne C. The Rhetoric of Fiction. University of Chicago Press, 1983.
3. King, Bruce. ‘Introduction’, Modern Indian Poetry in English. New Delhi: OUP, 2nd edn. 2005.
4. Dharwadker, A.B. Theatres of Independence: Drama, theory and urban performance in India
since 1947. University of Iowa Press, 2009
29
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31
5. History : History of India from earliest times up to c. 300 CE
Course Objectives:
This course explores various historical phases and processes of Indian history from prehistoric period
to early historic centuries through the lens of archaeological and literary evidence. An overview
of various transformations, cultural shifts, developments in all aspects from the earliest times up to
the phase of Empire building is provided to the learner. Alongside the pan-Indian historical
changes, it also focuses on regional diversities.
Learning Outcomes:
• Explain the importance of various sources for study of prehistory and proto-history
• Distinguish between civilization and culture, particularly in the context of the Harappan
civilization
• Locate the developments related to the introduction of Iron in early societies leading to
urbanism and state formation
• Outline the key features of the Mauryan period.
• Locate the shift of historical focus from Gangetic belt to newer areas alongside the processof
assimilation.
Course Content:
UNIT I: Sources for interpreting early Indian history
UNIT II: Survey of Prehistoric Cultures: Paleolithic, Mesolithic, Neolithic.
UNIT III: Harappan Civilization: early urbanism, town planning, economy, cultural patterns and
decline.
UNIT IV: Vedic and Megalithic cultures: an overview
UNIT V: Second urbanization, material and social changes, Buddhism and Jainism.
UNIT VI: The Mauryan Empire: administration, economy, Ashoka's Dhamma, pillars and rock
edicts
UNIT VII: Early Tamilkam: Survey of Sangam literature, polity, economy and society
UNIT VIII: Post Mauryan age: polity economy, society and culture with special reference to Sat-
vahanas and Kushanas
32
Essential Readings and Unit-Wise Teaching Outcomes:
Unit I: In this Unit the students shall be introduced to the varied sources, their scope and limitations,
for reconstructing the early history of India. (Teaching Time: 1 week approx.)
• Chakrabarti, D.K. (1990). India: An Archaeological History. New Delhi: OUP (Chapter 7)
• Goyal, S.R. (1995). The Coinage of Ancient India. Jodhpur: Kusumanjali Prakashan.
• झा. डी. एन. एवं के. एम. श्रीमाली. (2000) प्राचीन भारत का इततहास. तिल्ली : तहन्दी माध्यम कार्ाान्वर्
तनिे शालर्, तिल्ली तवश्वतवद्यालर्. पुनमुाद्रन. (अध्यार् 2)
• Salomon, Richard. (1998). Indian Epigraphy. Delhi: OUP.
• Sharma, R.S. (1995). Perspectives in Social and Economic History of Early India. New Delhi:
Munshiram Manoharlal. (Chapter 2)
• शमाा, आर. एस. (2000). प्रारम्भिक भारत का सामातिक और आतथाक इततहास. तिल्ली : तहन्दी माध्यम
कार्ाान्वर् तनिे शालर्, तिल्ली तवश्वतवद्यालर्. (अध्यार् 2)
• Singh, Upinder. (2013). A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India: From the Stone Age to
the 12th century. New Delhi: Pearson. (Chapter 1)
• तसंह, उतपंिर. (2016). प्राचीन एवं पूवा मध्यकालीन भारत का इततहास: पाषाण काल से 12वीं शताब्दी
तक. नई तिल्ली. तपर्रसन. (अध्यार् 1)
• Thapar, Romila. (2002). Early India from the Origins to AD 1300. New Delhi: Penguin. (Chap-
ter 1)
• थापर, रोतमला. (2008). पूवाकालीन भारत : प्रारि से 1300 ई.तक. तिल्ली: तहन्दी माध्यम कार्ाान्वर्
तनिे शालर्, तिल्ली तवश्वतवद्यालर्. (अध्यार् 1)
Unit II: This Unit delineates the transition from hunting gathering to food producing societies, fa-
miliarizing the students with their subsistence patterns and material cultures. (Teaching Time:
2weeks approx.)
• Agrawal, D.P. (1982) The Archaeology of India. London and Malmo: Curzon Press (All chap-
ters)
• Allchin, Bridget and Raymond Allchin. (1997). Origin of a Civilization: The Prehistory and
Early Archaeology of South Asia. New Delhi: Viking. (Chapter 3-5)
• Jain, V. K. (2006). Pre and Protohistory of India. New Delhi: D.K. Printworld. (Chapter 3-5)
• िैन. वी. के. (2008) भारत का प्रागैततहास और आद्य इततहास. एक अवलोकन. नई तिल्ली. D.K. Print-
world. (अध्यार् 3-5)
• िर्सवाल तविु ला (1987) भारतीर् इततहास के आति चरण की रूपरे खा. तिल्ली: स्वातत पम्भिकेशन
the 12th century. New Delhi: Pearson. (Chapters 2 and 3)
तक. नई तिल्ली. तपर्रसन. (अध्यार् 2 और 3)
Unit III: This Unit will enable students to gain an understanding of the various facets of early ur-
banism as witnessed during the Harappan civilization. (Teaching Time: 3 weeks approx.)
33
Early Archaeology of South Asia. New Delhi: Viking. (Chapters 6-9)
• Ratnagar, Shereen.(2001). Understanding Harappa: Civilization in the Greater Indus Valley.
New Delhi: Tulika. (All Chapters)
• तसंह, उतपंिर. (2016). प्राचीन एवं पूवाा मध्यकालीन भारत का इततहास: पाषाण काल से 12वीं शताब्दी
• थपतलर्ाल. के. के. और संकटा प्रसाि शुक्ल (2003) तसंधु सभ्यता. लखनऊ: उत्तर प्रिे श तहन्दी संस्थान
संशोतधत एवं संस्करण. (सभी अध्यार्)
Unit IV: The Unit shall discuss the advent of material cultures and communities that developed the
use of iron technology in the northern and southern parts of the subcontinent. (Teaching Time: 2
weeks approx.)
• Chakravarti, Ranabir. (2010). Exploring Early India Up to C. AD 1300. New Delhi: MacMillan.
(Chapter 2)
• चक्रवती. रणबीर. (2012) भारतीर् इततहास. आतिकाल. नई तिल्ली. ओररएं टल िैकस्वेन. (अध्यार् 2)
• Jain, V. K. (2006). Pre and Protohistory of India. New Delhi: D.K. Printworld. (Appendix I)
world (पररतशष्ट I)
• Jha, D. N. (2004). Early India: A Concise History. Delhi: Manohar. (Chapter 3)
• Majumdar, R.C. and Pusalkar A.D., (ed.): The History and Culture of Indian People. Vol. I: Ve-
dic Age.
• Moorti, Udayaravi S. (1994). Megalithic Culture of South India. Varanasi: Ganga Kaveri.
• शमाा, आर. एस. (2000). प्रारम्भिक भारत का आतथाक और सामातिक इततहास. तिल्ली : तहन्दी माध्यम
• Karashima, Noborou (Ed.). (2014). A Concise History of South India. New Delhi: Oxford Uni-
versity Press (Chapter 1)
Unit V: This unit shall familiarize the students with major political and social transformations along-
side religious ferment that unfolded from roughly c. 600 BCE to c. 300 BCE. (Teaching Time: 3
weeks approx.)
(Chapter 3)
तनिे शालर्, तिल्ली तवश्वतवद्यालर्. पुनवािान. (अध्यार् 6 and 7)
34
• Sahu, B.P. (ed.) (2006), Iron and Social Change in Early India, OUP, Delhi (Introduction)
• Sharma, R.S. (1983). Material Culture and Social Formations in Ancient India. New Delhi:
Macmillan. (Chapters 6 and 7)
• शमाा. आर . एस. (2008) प्राचीन भारत में भौततक संस्कृतत एवं सामातिक संरचनाएँ . रािकमल प्रकाशन.
(अध्यार् 6 और 7)
ter 5)
• थापर, रोतमला. (2008). पूवा कालीन भारत: प्रारि से 1300 ई. तक. तिल्ली : तहन्दी माध्यम कार्ाान्वर्
Unit VI: This Unit shall introduce students to the evolving administrative framework, economy and
concept of Dhamma during the Mauryan Empire. (Teaching Time: 3 weeks approx.)
(Chapter 4)
• Lahiri, Nayanjot (2015) Ashoka in Ancient India. New Delhi: Oriental Blackswan
• Raychaudhary, H.C. (rev edn 1997). Political History of Ancient India. New Delh: OUP
the 12th century. New Delhi: Pearson. (chapter 7)
• Thapar, Romila. (2012). Ashoka and the Decline of the Mauryas, third edition, New
Delhi: Oxford University Press. (All Chapters)
• थापर, रोतमला. (2005). अशोक और मौर्ा साम्राज्य का पतन. तिल्ली. ग्रंथ तशल्पी. (सभी अध्यार्)
Unit VII: This Unit shall familiarize the students with important political, economic and social de-
velopments that took place in the Tamilakam area of the Indian subcontinent. (Teaching Time: 1
week approx.)
versity Press. (Chapter 2)
• Sastri, K. A. Nilakantha. (1955) A History of South India from Prehistoric Times to the fall of
Vijayanagar. New Delhi: OUP (also available in Hindi)
the 12th century. New Delhi: Pearson (chapter 8)
Unit VIII: This Unit will provide the students with an understanding about the key developments
that took place in North and western India under the post – Mauryan dynasties, especially the Kusha-
nas and Satvahanas.(Teaching Time: 2 weeks approx.)
35
• Chakravarti, Ranabir. (2010). Exploring Early India Up to C. AD 1300. New Delhi: Mac-
Millan. (Chapter 5)
• चक्रवती. रणबीर. (2012) भारतीर् इततहास. आतिकाल. नई तिल्ली. ओररएं टल िैकस्वेन (अध्यार् 5)
• Sahu, B.P. (2015) Society and Culture in Post-Mauryan India c.200 BC to AD 300. A People’s
History of India series. New Delhi: Tulika Books. (also available in Hindi)
• Sharma, R.S. (2015). Aspects of Political Ideas and Institutions in Ancient India. Delhi: Motilal
Banarasidas. (Chapters 18 and 19)
• शमाा, आर. एस. (2000). प्राचीन भारत में रािनीततक तवचार एवं संस्थाएं . तिल्ली: रािकमल प्रकाशन.
िू सरा संस्कारण. (अध्यार् 18 एवं 19)
Suggested Readings:
• Basham, A.L. (1967). The Wonder That Was India. New Delhi: Rupa & Co.
• Thapar, Romila. (2013) Cultural Pasts: Essays in Early Indian History. New Delhi: Oxford Uni-
versity Press.
• Kosambi, D. D. (1975). An Introduction to the Study of Indian History. New Delhi: Popular
Prakashan.
• Ray, H. P. (1986). Monastery and Guild: Commerce under the Satavahanas. New Delhi: Oxford
University Press.
• Chakrabarti, Dilip K. (2006). The Oxford Companion to Indian Archaeology: The Archaeologi-
cal Foundations of Ancient India, Stone Age to AD 13th Century. New Delhi: Oxford University
Press.
• Lahiri, Nayanjot. (2002). The Decline and Fall of the Indus Civilization. New Delhi: Permanent
Black.
• Gurukkal, Rajan. (1995). “The Beginnings of the Historic Period: The Tamil South” in Romila
Thapar (Ed.), Recent Perspectives of Early Indian History. Bombay: Popular Prakshan.
Assessment Methods:
Students will be regularly assessed for their grasp on debates and discussions covered in class. Two
written submissions; one of which could be a short project, will be used for final grading of
the students. Students will be assessed on their ability to explain important historical trends and
thereby engage with the historical approach.
Internal Assessment:25 Marks

tal: 100 Marks
Keywords: Prehistory, Harappan civilization, Megalithic, second urbanisation, Empire, Dhamma,Ta-

milakam.
36
6. Mathematics: Topics in Calculus
Credits: 4
Course Objectives: The primary objective of this course is to introduce the basic tools of calculus
which are helpful in understanding their applications in many real-world problems. Students will
be able to understand/create various mathematical models in everyday life.
i) Understand continuity and differentiability in terms of limits and graphs of certain functions.
ii) Describe asymptotic behaviour in terms of limits involving infinity.
iii) Use of derivatives to explore the behaviour of a given function locating and classify its
extrema and graphing the function.
iv) Apply the concepts of asymptotes, and inflexion points in tracing of cartesian curves.
v) Compute the reduction formulae of standard transcendental functions with applications.
Unit 1: Limits, Continuity and Differentiability

Limit of a function,  −  definition of a limit, Infinite limits, Continuity and types of
discontinuities; Differentiability of a function, Successive differentiation: Calculation of the nth
derivatives, Leibnitz theorem; Partial differentiation, Euler’s theorem on homogeneous functions.
Unit 2: Mean Value Theorems and its Applications
Rolle’s theorem, Mean value theorems and applications to monotonic functions and inequalities;
Taylor’s theorem, Taylor’s series, Maclaurin’s series expansions of e x , sin x, cos x, log (1 + x ) and
(1 + x )
m
; Indeterminate forms.
Unit 3: Tracing of Curves and Reduction Formulae

Asymptotes (parallel to axes and oblique), Concavity and inflexion points, Singular points,
Tangents at the origin and nature of singular points, Curve tracing (cartesian and polar equations).
Reduction formulae for  sin n x dx,  cos n x dx, and  sin m x cos n x dx and their applications.
References:
1. Prasad, Gorakh (2016). Differential Calculus (19th ed.). Pothishala Pvt. Ltd. Allahabad.
2. Prasad, Gorakh (2015). Integral Calculus. Pothishala Pvt. Ltd. Allahabad.
Additional Readings:
i. Apostol, T. M. (2007). Calculus: One-Variable Calculus with An Introduction to Linear
Algebra (2nd ed.). Vol. 1. Wiley India Pvt. Ltd.
ii. Ross, Kenneth. A. (2013). Elementary Analysis: The Theory of Calculus (2nd ed.).
Undergraduate Texts in Mathematics, Springer. Indian reprint.
37
7. Political Science : Introduction to Political Theory
Course Objective
This course aims to introduce certain key aspects of conceptual analysis in political theory and the
skills required to engage in debates surrounding the application of the concepts.

After completing this course students will be able to:
• Understand the nature and relevance of Political Theory
• Understand different concepts like liberty, equality, justice and rights.
• Reflect upon some of the important debates in Political Theory
Unit 1: What is Political Theory and what is its relevance?
Unit 2: Concepts: Liberty, Equality, Justice, Rights
Unit 3: Debates in Political Theory:

a. Protective discrimination and principles of fairness?
b. The Public vs private debate: Feminist Perspective Censorship and its limits

Unit I
Bhargava, R. (2008) ‘What is Political Theory’, in Bhargava, R. and Acharya, A. (eds.) Political
Theory: An Introduction. New Delhi: Pearson Longman, pp. 2-17.
Bhargava, R. (2008) ‘Why Do We Need Political Theory’, in Bhargava, R. and Acharya, A.(eds.)
Political Theory: An Introduction. New Delhi: Pearson Longman, pp. 18-37.
Unit 2
Sriranjani, V. (2008) ‘Liberty’, in Bhargava, R. and Acharya, A. (eds.) Political Theory: An
Introduction. New Delhi: Pearson Longman, pp. 40-57.
Acharya, A. (2008) ‘Equality’, in Bhargava, R. and Acharya, A. (eds.) Political Theory: An
Menon, K. (2008) Justice’, in Bhargava, R. and Acharya, A. (eds.) Political Theory: An
Talukdar, P.S. (2008) ‘Rights’, in Bhargava, R. and Acharya, A. (eds.) Political Theory: An
Unit 3
Acharya, A. (2008) ‘Affirmative Action’, in Bhargava, R. and Acharya, A. (eds.) Political Theory:
38
An Introduction. New Delhi: Pearson Longman, pp. 298-307.
Frances E O. (1985) ‘The Myth of State Intervention in the Family’, University of Michigan
Journal of Law Reform. 18 (4), pp. 835-64.
Sethi, A. (2008) ‘Freedom of Speech and the Question of Censorship’, in Bhargava, R. and
Acharya, A. (eds.) Political Theory: An Introduction. New Delhi: Pearson Longman, pp. 308-319.
Berlin, I. “Two Concepts of Liberty”
Rawls, John, A Theory of Justice
Jaggar, Alison, “Introduction”, Feminist Politics and Human Nature
Kukathas, Chandran, “The Demise and Rise of Political Theory”
Riley, J. (2008) ‘Liberty’, in McKinnon, C. (ed.) Issues in Political Theory, New York: Oxford
University Press, pp. 103-125.
Casal, P. & William, A. (2008) ‘Equality’, in McKinnon, C. (ed.) Issues in Political Theory. New
York: Oxford University Press, pp. 149- 165.
Wolf, J. (2008) ‘Social Justice’, in McKinnon, C. (ed.) Issues in Political Theory. New York:
Oxford University Press, pp. 172-193.
Chambers, C. (2008) ‘Gender’, in McKinnon, C. (ed.) Issues in Political Theory. New York:
Swift, A. (2001) Political Philosophy: A Beginners Guide for Students and Politicians. Cambridge:
Polity Press.
Jha, M. (2001) ‘Ramabai: Gender and Caste’, in Singh, M.P. and Roy, H. (eds.) Indian Political
Thought: Themes and Thinkers, New Delhi: Pearson.
Menon, N. (2008) ‘Gender’, in Bhargava, R. and Acharya, A. (eds.) Political Theory: An
Hindi Reading
भागर्व, राजीव और अशोक आचायार् (एड.), राजनीितक िसधांत: एक पिरचय, िदल्ली: िपएसर्न, 2008.
कुमार, संजीव, “राजनीित क्या है : “राजनीितक” का िसधान्तीकरण”, संजीव कुमार (एड.), राजनीित िसधांत की
समझ, िदल्ली: ओिरएं ट ब्लैकस्वान, 2019, pp. 1-26.
संजीव कुमार (एड.), राजनीित िसद्धांत की समझ, िदल्ली: ओिरएं ट ब्लैकस्वान, 2019.
संजीव कुमार (एड.), राजनीित िसद्धांत: अवधारणाएँ एवं िवमशर्, सेज भाषा, नई िदल्ली, 2021.
39
8. Sanskrit : Sanskrit Grammar

Sanskrit is known for a long tradition of grammatical and semantic analysis of Language.
Panini’s grammar is very highly and very rightly respected for providing the best model for
structural and semantic studies of language. This course intends to familiarize the students with
the basic structure of Sanskrit language through the study of the text of Laghusiddhantakaumudi,
a premier text of Sanskrit grammar by Varadaraj.

After completion of this course, students will know the structure of Panini’s grammar. They will
become familiar with the sandhi and compounding patterns of Sanskrit Language. They will also
learn some important primary and secondary suffixes of Sanskrit. The practice of the application
of rules learnt from the reading of the text will further enhance their knowledge of the structural
patterns of Sanskrit language.
[C] Course Contents:

Unit I
Laghusiddhāntakaumudī : Sañjñā Prakaraṇa
Mahesvar Sutra, Pratyahara, Uchcharana Sthan, Different types of Sound.
Unit II
Laghusiddhāntakaumudī: Sandhi Prakaraṇa
ac sandhi: yaṇ, guṇa, dīrgha, ayādi, vṛddhi and pūrvarūpa.
hal sandhi: ścutva, ṣṭutva, anunāsikatva, chhatva and jaśtva
visarga sandhi: utva, lopa, satva and rutva
Unit III
Laghusiddhāntakaumudī: Vibhaktyartha Prakaraṇa

Vibhaktyartha Prakaraṇa
Unit IV
General introduction to Samasa based on Laghusiddhāntakaumudī.
[D] References :
Compulsory Reading:
40
1. धरानन्द शास्त्री, लघुसिद्धान्तकौमुदी, मूल एवं सिन्दी व्याख्या, मोतीलाल बनारिीदाि, ददल्ली,
२०२१.
2. भीमिेन शास्त्री, लघुसिद्धान्तकौमुदी भैमी व्याख्या (भाग-1), भैमी प्रकाशन, ददल्ली, १९८३.
3. चारुदेव शास्त्री, व्याकरण चन्रोदय (भाग-1,2 एवं 3), मोतीलाल बनारिीदाि, ददल्ली, १९९१.
4. ित्यपाल सिि, लघुसिद्धान्तकौमुदी: प्रकासशका नाम्नी सिन्दी व्याख्या िसिता, सशवासलक पसललके शन,
ददल्ली, 2014 ।
5. V.S. Apte, The Students’ Guide to Sanskrit Composition, Chowkhamba Sanskrit Series,
Varanasi, 1925. (Hindi Translation is also available).
6. M.R. Kale, Higher Sanskrit Grammar, MLBD, Delhi, 1961. (Hindi Translation is also
available).
1. चक्रधर नौटियाल िंि, बृिद् अनुवाद चसन्रका, मोतीलाल बनारिीदाि, ददल्ली, 1962.
2. कसपलदेव सिवेदी – रचनानुवादकौमुदी, सवश्वसवद्यालय प्रकाशन, वाराणिी, 1960.
Final Examination
I 75
Basic Structure of Question Paper & Division of Marks
i. Explanations of 5 sutras (Units 1 to 5) 05 x 05 = 25
ii. Formation of 5 words (Unit 1 to 5) 05 x 05 = 25
Questions on applied grammar from prescribed texts (from unit
iii. 05 x 02 = 10
2 to 5)
शुद्ध अशुद्ध वाक्य based on karka
iv. 01 x 05 = 05
v. Making of compounds and disolution of compounds. 04 x 2.5 = 10

II 25
Total Marks: (I+II) (75+25) = 100
[F] Keywords:
Sañjñā, Sandhi, Vibhaktyartha, Samasa
41
9. Urdu : Study of Modern Prose and Poetry-I
Credit-4
Nasr
1. Guzra Hua zamana – Sir Syed (Matn ki Tadrees)
2. Murda Badast Zinda – Mirza Farhatullah Beg (Matn ki Tadrees)
3. Namak Ka Darogha – Prem Chand (Matn ki Tadrees)
4. Sawere Jo kal Ankh Meri Khuli – Patras Bukhari (Matn ki Tadrees)
Nazm
5. (i) Ik Khalish Hoti hai Mahsoos Rage Jaan Ke Qareeb – Hasrat (Matn ki Tadrees)
(ii) Wasl Ki Banti Hain In Baton Ki Tadbiren Kahin – Hasrat (Matn ki Tadrees)
6. (i) Kabhi Shakho Sabzao Barg Par – Jigar (Matn ki Tadrees)
(ii) Dil Gaya Raunaqe Hayaat Gai – Jigar (Matn ki Tadrees)
7. (i) Kabhi Ae Haqiqate Muntazar – Iqbal (Matn ki Tadrees)
(ii) Sitaron Se Aage Jahan Aur Bhi Hain – Iqbal (Matn ki Tadrees)
8. Badli Ka Chand – Josh (Matn ki Tadrees)
9. Do Ishq – Faiz (Matn ki Tadrees)
10.Aawara – Majaz (Matn ki Tadrees)
Note: Hissa Nasr Aur Nazm Mein Shamil Tamam Takhliqkaaron Ke Fanni Mahasin Se
Bhi Rushanas Karaya Jae.
Text Book:
Jadeed Urdu Nasr Wa Nazm-1
Reference Books:
1. Urdu Sairi Ka fanni Irtiqa – Dr. Farman Fatehpuri
3. Meer Amman Se Abdul haq tak – Sayyed Abdullah
42
Minor : Paper-III Discipline B1
1. Economics : Introductory Microeconomics
• Course Abbreviation : MICRO1
• Credits: 4
This course is designed to expose students to the basic principles of microeconomic theory. The
emphasis will be on teaching the fundamental economic trade-offs and allocation problems due
to scarcity of resources. This course will use graphical methods to illustrate how microeconomic
concepts can be applied to analyze real-life situations.
Students will learn to think about economic trade-offs and opportunities. They will learn the
fundamentals of market mechanisms and government interventions.
Unit 1 : Introduction to economic trade-offs

Resources and opportunities, Gains from trade, Individual and society
Unit 2 : How market works
Supply and demand, Price and resource allocation, Elasticity, Market, trade and welfare.
Unit 3 : Role of government
Taxation, Public good, Inequality and poverty
Unit 4 : Individual decision and interactions
Decision versus strategic interaction, How to think about strategic interactions,
Real life Final Examinationples.
• Suggested Readings
– Mankiw, N. G. (2018). Principles of Microeconomics 8th ed.

– Frank, R. H., & Cartwright, E. (2010). Microeconomics and behavior. New York: McGraw-Hill.
– Dixit, A. K., & Skeath, S. (2015). Games of strategy: Fourth international student edition.
WW Norton & Company.
– Acemoglu, D., Laibson, D., & List, J. (2017). Microeconomics. Pearson.
43
2. Education : Basic Concept and Ideas in Education
Credits: 4
MM: l00 (External: 75 Internal: 25)
Course Objectives
This is a discipline course in education, which aims to provide the basics of education and the
nature of education (Liberal). It establishes the interdisciplinary nature of education by
acquainting the student with its interconnectedness with other disciplines: philosophy,
psychology, sociology, economics and polity. It intends to clarify the significant concepts in
education. The students will be able to know and understand how educational aims are
framed. They will also be able to comprehend the linkages between social institutions and
education. Social change and its relationship with education will be understood. This paper
will help develop analytical and critical thinking based on the themes and issues in education
in a philosophical and social context.
Learning Outcomes
Know the concept of education and its interconnections with other relevant disciplines and its
nature.
• Understand various theoretical concepts in education.

• Understand how the aims of education are formulated and how they are influenced by
various socio-cultural forces/aspects.
• Establish the importance of education for all human beings.
• Develop critical thinking and analytical ability to evaluate written texts and formulate their
response to reality.
• Understand the role of ethics, morals and values in education.
Unit-1: Basic Ideas in Education

• Education: Its meaning processes, purpose and aims; its liberal and interdisciplinary
nature.
44
• Major concepts in Education: Schooling and Education, Teaching, Training,
Learning, Indoctrination, and Propaganda.
• Epistemological basis of education: Knowledge, Belief, Inquiry, Reason
• Ethics, values and ideals
Unit 2: Understanding Education and Society (5 weeks)
• Education and Socialisation: Agencies of Socialisation-Home, Family, Community,

School and Media.
• Culture and Education: Role of education in preservation, transformation, and
promotion of Culture; culture and ideology.
• Constitutional Values: Equality, Freedom, Justice, Secularism, Human Rights
• Bases for formulating Aims of Education: With reference to the constitution and other
socio-cultural forces in India.
Unit 3: Thinkers in Education (4 weeks)
Each thinker is to be studied with reference to their perspectives on education.
• Sri Aurobindo
• J. Krishnamurti
• John Dewey
• J.J. Rousseau
• Paulo Freire
Suggested Projects/ Assignments (Any Two)
• Read the Position Paper titled 'Aims of Education' (NCF 2005 or any recent position
paper) and present your understanding.
• Beginning with the Preamble of the Constitution of India, focus on the ideas of
Justice, Liberty, Equality, and Secularism and present your understanding of these
concepts and how can education help to achieve them.
• Identify any one aim of education and study the current practices of any school to
understand how this aim is being realised.
• A detailed study of one educational thinker concerning his ideas on the nature of the
child, teacher, and school and their relevance and challenges in the contemporary
context.
• Reflective critical essay on one's socialisation with reference to home, school,
community and media.
• Interview school teacher(s) and discuss their understanding of the meanmg of
education.
Note: Based on the above, the teacher may design other relevant projects/ assignments
45
Readings
• Barrow, R., & Milburn G. (1986) A critical dictionary of educational concepts: An

appraisal of selected ideas and issues in educational theory and practice. New
York.(Concepts: Education; Schooling; Teaching; Ethics; Indoctrination; Knowledge;
Learning.)
• Dewey, J. (I 916). Democracy and Education: An introduction to the philosophy of
education. New York: MacMillan.
• Freire. P. (2005). Pedagogy of the oppressed. Continuum.
• Gore, M.S., Desai,I.P., &Chitnis S. (1967). Papers in Sociology of Education.
NCERT: New Delhi. Chl pp 1-18; Ch 2 pp33-51; Ch 3 pp 52-74; Ch 5 pp91-
106,l l l-126; Ch 6 pp 133-141.
• Jarvis, P (edited) (2002).The Theo,y and Practice of Teaching (2 nd ed) Ch 4 P 39-51;
Ch 17 P 237-247.
• Krishnamurti, J. On Education, Krishnamurti Foundation India
• Kumar, K. (2004). What Is Worth Teaching? India: Orient Blackswan.
• Noddings, N. (1995). Philosophy ofEducation. Westview Press
• Peters, R.S. (1966) Ethics and Education, Routledge, p.23-45.
• Rousseau, J. J. (1817). Emile (Vol. 2). A. Belin.
• Salamatullah (I 979)Education in the Social Context. NCERT Ch I P 1-8; Ch 2 P I 0-
12; Sec. 11- Introduction Ch 3 P #0-32, 35-36, 38-40; Ch 4 P 63-74; Ch 5 P 83-85;
Ch 9& 10 P 167-185;Ch 12 P 194-204.
• Schofield, H., The Philosophy of Education-An Introduction. Unit -1 The Concept
'Values' P 205-227;The Concept 'Culture' P 107-119.
• Titus H., Smith, M. &Nolan, Richard T. (1975) Living Issues in Philosophy. Part 1
P 25-44; Part 2 Chapter 6 P I 02-111.
Hindi
• Kumar, K. (1993). Raj, Sama} aur Shiksha. New Delhi: Raj Kamal Prakashan.
• Mittal, M.L. (2012).Shiksha keSamajshastriya Aadhar.Delhi: Pearson. Ch 1 P 1-9; Ch
3 P 20-28; Ch 4 P 33-42; Ch 5 P 46-52; Ch 9&10 P 82-91 & 96-111; Ch 11 P 116-
119; Ch 14 P 145-151; Ch 18 P 193-199; Ch 19 P ; Ch 20 P 214-224; Ch 23 P 245-
254; Ch 24 P 258-282.
• Pandeya, R. S. (1994).Shiksha Darshan. Vinod Pustak Mandir, Agra. Ch 2 P 26-34;
Ch 3 P 59-61; Ch 4 75-88; Ch 22 P 396-424.
• Saluja, C. K. (2004) Shiksha -Ek Vivechan. Ravi Books (Whole Book)
Additional Readings
• Bhogle, S. (I 981). Socialisation among different cultures. In Sinha, D. Socialisation

of the Indian Child. New Delhi: Concept Publishing Co.
• Brint, S. (1998). Schools and Societies. California: Pine Forge Press. (Chapters I and
5)
46
• Brubacher, John S. (1969) Modern Philosophies of Education. McGraw Hills. 4 th
edition. Ch -1 P7-9;Ch 5 P95-107; Ch6 P109-130;Ch 11 P221-245;Ch13 P278-
281;Ch14 P297-305; Ch16 P362-364 .
• Cohen, B. (1969). Educational Thought- An Introduction. Britain: MacMillan.
• Dewey, J. (1915). The School and Society. USA: The U niversity of Chicago Press.
• Dhankar, R. (2010 ). Education in Emerging Indian Society. New Delhi: APH
Publishing Corporation.
• Dubey, S.C. (2001). Indian Society. New Delhi: NBT.
• Hamm, C. M. (1999). Philosophical Issues in Education-An Introduction. New York:
The Falmer Press
• Kumar, K. (2007). Education and Culture: India's Quest for a Secular Policy. In
Kumar, K. and J. Oesterheld (Ed) Education and Social Change in South Asia.
Hyderabad: Orient Longman
• Magee, J. B. (1971). Philosophical Analysis In Education, Harper and Row
Publishers Ch1;Ch 4;Ch5;Ch6 .
• Freire P. (1992).Pedagogy of Hope. Continuum, London
• Peters, R.S. (2010). The Concept of Education (Eds.). London: Routledge and Kegan
Paul.
• Saluja, C.K. (2004). Shiksa, Sama} aur Vikas. New Delhi: Kanishka Publication.
• Shermis,SS . . (1967).Philosophical Foundations of Education. Van Nostrand Reinhold
Ch1 Pl-2l;Ch2 P26-36;Ch5 Plll-117; Ch7 P160-16l;Ch9 P205-213 , P
222- 225 .
• Shukla, S., and Kumar, K. ( I987). Sociological Perspectives in Education. US: South
Asia Books.
Assessment Method
The assessment will be formative in nature and will include student participation. Individual
and group tasks and assignments will be given. Summative evaluation will be done through
an end-semester examination.
Keywords
Education, Concepts, Ideas
47
3. English : Introduction to Literary Studies

Course objective:
 To offer students a foundational understanding of the domain of literature, its genres,

methods of critique and its distinctive ability to influence and project social and cultural
change.
Course outcome:
 By the end of this course, it is hoped that a basic sense of literature as a discipline of
thought and application will be inculcated among students.
Course Content:
UNIT I: Reading the Novel
1. Jane Austen: Pride and Prejudice
2. Prince, Gerald J. Narratology: Form and Function of Narrative. NY: Mouton Publishers, 1982.
pp 7 – 16 & pp 103 – 105
3. Kaul, A.N. ‘A New Province of Writing,’ The Domain of the Novel: Reflections on Some
Historical Definitions. Routledge, 2021. pp 20-36
UNIT II: Reading Poetry
4. John Milton: ‘On His Blindness’
5. William Wordsworth: ‘Composed Upon Westminster Bridge’
6. Emily Dickinson: ‘341 After Great Pain’
7. Rabindranath Tagore: ‘Where the Mind is Without Fear’
8. Ferguson, Margaret, Mary Jo Salter and Jon Stallworthy, ‘Versification and Poetic Syntax’, The
Norton Anthology of Poetry, 5th edition. NY and London: W.W. Norton & Company, 2005. pp
2021 – 2065
48
UNIT III: Reading Drama
9. Mahesh Dattani: Tara
10. Watson, G.J. ‘The Nature of Drama’, Drama: An Introduction (London: Macmillan, 1983)
11. Tanvir, Habib. It Must Flow: A Life in Theatre
http://www.seagullindia.com/stq/pdf/STQ%20Issue%2010.pdf
12. Day, Gary. ‘Introduction’, Class. UK: Routledge, 2001. pp 1 – 18
SUGGESTED READINGS:
1. Hudson, William Henry. An Introduction to the Study of Literature. New Delhi: Atlantic
Publishers and distributors 1998, 2006.
2. Booth, Wayne C. The Rhetoric of Fiction. University of Chicago Press, 1983.
3. King, Bruce. ‘Introduction’, Modern Indian Poetry in English. New Delhi: OUP, 2nd edn. 2005.
4. Dharwadker, A.B. Theatres of Independence: Drama, theory and urban performance in India
since 1947. University of Iowa Press, 2009
49
4. Hindi :
r
i;cb[if-3
�1 x-rmc=<T cpT �� : °0�lc1
1. �Rlcb1&1 : .-JP--lcb-<01 Rllillcb � 1--JcTT � �an
2. � � � !.lqRilll (�RI�,& cf5Tclr, �Rlffl,& cf5Tclr, �Rljclfl cf5Tclr)
50
r
�c/Jlf-4
f%'-f.)· ,9Tf%�ll cf)T � : 3� �
1. l=!Ll.lcblc-1"1.-J ffl cf�� ffl (fiw�0! � ��)
2. 3lTq� � cfJfctm � � !.lqRllll (�'TT,� 'TT, BT<ll�, !,lllfflcJlc�,
�:.r<:rrrc.r�·, � cpf�cn)
3. •Ts fcl't::r 3TT cf)T �•:ref� lclcbl�1 : \:flFTrff, %lit, �. �Sf
f T
References
1. if%cfl 'lTTliT :
t
<Ji-«
cp:rj
2. 1%t •:rrtil· � x=iTr:AT : 'l-lle1T�T2T TTl"cJ�·
3. i%ctr x--lT� cf)T �� : 3-TT. � �
4. frttt xTTf%N q)f �Rli3rn : x--1'. �. m
5. �?.l f
x--1Tf%c=<T cB' e'< ·RJ -m�=r c '{ cb-::,-U -;:�cx=r
' : �T. �TT61" R'➔� -
l r
6 . [%·cf-1 x=rrf%c=<T q)f 3lcITT' : Rl�"cJ-;ciT�: 1R-nc:- ·fi=l .13-T
7. � qJf Tfsf � : 'I!I�=ci� fctcJ"m
8. � Tfsf : RI i� j- 3ITT � : '{i�{q {iiq 'iJ�)}:l �l
rlj
Assessment Methods
tfc 3ITT (11'(-ll�Fi�c
Keywords
�,Ff, 'BTl'TT 3ITT 3l1&fl'ilrJI � � �l6c,I,��
51
5. History : History of India from earliest times up to c. 300 CE
Course Objectives:
This course explores various historical phases and processes of Indian history from prehistoric period
to early historic centuries through the lens of archaeological and literary evidence. An overview
of various transformations, cultural shifts, developments in all aspects from the earliest times up to
the phase of Empire building is provided to the learner. Alongside the pan-Indian historical
changes, it also focuses on regional diversities.
Learning Outcomes:
• Explain the importance of various sources for study of prehistory and proto-history
• Distinguish between civilization and culture, particularly in the context of the Harappan
civilization
• Locate the developments related to the introduction of Iron in early societies leading to
urbanism and state formation
• Outline the key features of the Mauryan period.
• Locate the shift of historical focus from Gangetic belt to newer areas alongside the processof
assimilation.
Course Content:
UNIT I: Sources for interpreting early Indian history
UNIT II: Survey of Prehistoric Cultures: Paleolithic, Mesolithic, Neolithic.
UNIT III: Harappan Civilization: early urbanism, town planning, economy, cultural patterns and
decline.
UNIT IV: Vedic and Megalithic cultures: an overview
UNIT V: Second urbanization, material and social changes, Buddhism and Jainism.
UNIT VI: The Mauryan Empire: administration, economy, Ashoka's Dhamma, pillars and rock
edicts
UNIT VII: Early Tamilkam: Survey of Sangam literature, polity, economy and society
UNIT VIII: Post Mauryan age: polity economy, society and culture with special reference to Sat-
vahanas and Kushanas
52
Essential Readings and Unit-Wise Teaching Outcomes:
Unit I: In this Unit the students shall be introduced to the varied sources, their scope and limitations,
for reconstructing the early history of India. (Teaching Time: 1 week approx.)
• Chakrabarti, D.K. (1990). India: An Archaeological History. New Delhi: OUP (Chapter 7)
• Goyal, S.R. (1995). The Coinage of Ancient India. Jodhpur: Kusumanjali Prakashan.
तनिे शालर्, तिल्ली तवश्वतवद्यालर्. पुनमुाद्रन. (अध्यार् 2)
• Salomon, Richard. (1998). Indian Epigraphy. Delhi: OUP.
• शमाा, आर. एस. (2000). प्रारम्भिक भारत का सामातिक और आतथाक इततहास. तिल्ली : तहन्दी माध्यम
ter 1)
• थापर, रोतमला. (2008). पूवाकालीन भारत : प्रारि से 1300 ई.तक. तिल्ली: तहन्दी माध्यम कार्ाान्वर्
Unit II: This Unit delineates the transition from hunting gathering to food producing societies, fa-
miliarizing the students with their subsistence patterns and material cultures. (Teaching Time:
2weeks approx.)
• Agrawal, D.P. (1982) The Archaeology of India. London and Malmo: Curzon Press (All chap-
ters)
Early Archaeology of South Asia. New Delhi: Viking. (Chapter 3-5)
• Jain, V. K. (2006). Pre and Protohistory of India. New Delhi: D.K. Printworld. (Chapter 3-5)
world. (अध्यार् 3-5)
• िर्सवाल तविु ला (1987) भारतीर् इततहास के आति चरण की रूपरे खा. तिल्ली: स्वातत पम्भिकेशन
the 12th century. New Delhi: Pearson. (Chapters 2 and 3)
तक. नई तिल्ली. तपर्रसन. (अध्यार् 2 और 3)
Unit III: This Unit will enable students to gain an understanding of the various facets of early ur-
banism as witnessed during the Harappan civilization. (Teaching Time: 3 weeks approx.)
53
Early Archaeology of South Asia. New Delhi: Viking. (Chapters 6-9)
• Ratnagar, Shereen.(2001). Understanding Harappa: Civilization in the Greater Indus Valley.
New Delhi: Tulika. (All Chapters)
• तसंह, उतपंिर. (2016). प्राचीन एवं पूवाा मध्यकालीन भारत का इततहास: पाषाण काल से 12वीं शताब्दी
• थपतलर्ाल. के. के. और संकटा प्रसाि शुक्ल (2003) तसंधु सभ्यता. लखनऊ: उत्तर प्रिे श तहन्दी संस्थान
संशोतधत एवं संस्करण. (सभी अध्यार्)
Unit IV: The Unit shall discuss the advent of material cultures and communities that developed the
use of iron technology in the northern and southern parts of the subcontinent. (Teaching Time: 2
weeks approx.)
(Chapter 2)
• Jain, V. K. (2006). Pre and Protohistory of India. New Delhi: D.K. Printworld. (Appendix I)
world (पररतशष्ट I)
• Majumdar, R.C. and Pusalkar A.D., (ed.): The History and Culture of Indian People. Vol. I: Ve-
dic Age.
• Moorti, Udayaravi S. (1994). Megalithic Culture of South India. Varanasi: Ganga Kaveri.
• शमाा, आर. एस. (2000). प्रारम्भिक भारत का आतथाक और सामातिक इततहास. तिल्ली : तहन्दी माध्यम
versity Press (Chapter 1)
Unit V: This unit shall familiarize the students with major political and social transformations along-
side religious ferment that unfolded from roughly c. 600 BCE to c. 300 BCE. (Teaching Time: 3
weeks approx.)
(Chapter 3)
तनिे शालर्, तिल्ली तवश्वतवद्यालर्. पुनवािान. (अध्यार् 6 and 7)
54
• Sahu, B.P. (ed.) (2006), Iron and Social Change in Early India, OUP, Delhi (Introduction)
• Sharma, R.S. (1983). Material Culture and Social Formations in Ancient India. New Delhi:
Macmillan. (Chapters 6 and 7)
• शमाा. आर . एस. (2008) प्राचीन भारत में भौततक संस्कृतत एवं सामातिक संरचनाएँ . रािकमल प्रकाशन.
(अध्यार् 6 और 7)
ter 5)
• थापर, रोतमला. (2008). पूवा कालीन भारत: प्रारि से 1300 ई. तक. तिल्ली : तहन्दी माध्यम कार्ाान्वर्
Unit VI: This Unit shall introduce students to the evolving administrative framework, economy and
concept of Dhamma during the Mauryan Empire. (Teaching Time: 3 weeks approx.)
(Chapter 4)
• Lahiri, Nayanjot (2015) Ashoka in Ancient India. New Delhi: Oriental Blackswan
• Raychaudhary, H.C. (rev edn 1997). Political History of Ancient India. New Delh: OUP
the 12th century. New Delhi: Pearson. (chapter 7)
• Thapar, Romila. (2012). Ashoka and the Decline of the Mauryas, third edition, New
Delhi: Oxford University Press. (All Chapters)
• थापर, रोतमला. (2005). अशोक और मौर्ा साम्राज्य का पतन. तिल्ली. ग्रंथ तशल्पी. (सभी अध्यार्)
Unit VII: This Unit shall familiarize the students with important political, economic and social de-
velopments that took place in the Tamilakam area of the Indian subcontinent. (Teaching Time: 1
week approx.)
versity Press. (Chapter 2)
• Sastri, K. A. Nilakantha. (1955) A History of South India from Prehistoric Times to the fall of
Vijayanagar. New Delhi: OUP (also available in Hindi)
the 12th century. New Delhi: Pearson (chapter 8)
Unit VIII: This Unit will provide the students with an understanding about the key developments
that took place in North and western India under the post – Mauryan dynasties, especially the Kusha-
nas and Satvahanas.(Teaching Time: 2 weeks approx.)
55
• Chakravarti, Ranabir. (2010). Exploring Early India Up to C. AD 1300. New Delhi: Mac-
Millan. (Chapter 5)
• चक्रवती. रणबीर. (2012) भारतीर् इततहास. आतिकाल. नई तिल्ली. ओररएं टल िैकस्वेन (अध्यार् 5)
• Sahu, B.P. (2015) Society and Culture in Post-Mauryan India c.200 BC to AD 300. A People’s
History of India series. New Delhi: Tulika Books. (also available in Hindi)
• Sharma, R.S. (2015). Aspects of Political Ideas and Institutions in Ancient India. Delhi: Motilal
Banarasidas. (Chapters 18 and 19)
• शमाा, आर. एस. (2000). प्राचीन भारत में रािनीततक तवचार एवं संस्थाएं . तिल्ली: रािकमल प्रकाशन.
िू सरा संस्कारण. (अध्यार् 18 एवं 19)
Suggested Readings:
• Basham, A.L. (1967). The Wonder That Was India. New Delhi: Rupa & Co.
• Thapar, Romila. (2013) Cultural Pasts: Essays in Early Indian History. New Delhi: Oxford Uni-
versity Press.
• Kosambi, D. D. (1975). An Introduction to the Study of Indian History. New Delhi: Popular
Prakashan.
• Ray, H. P. (1986). Monastery and Guild: Commerce under the Satavahanas. New Delhi: Oxford
University Press.
• Chakrabarti, Dilip K. (2006). The Oxford Companion to Indian Archaeology: The Archaeologi-
cal Foundations of Ancient India, Stone Age to AD 13th Century. New Delhi: Oxford University
Press.
• Lahiri, Nayanjot. (2002). The Decline and Fall of the Indus Civilization. New Delhi: Permanent
Black.
• Gurukkal, Rajan. (1995). “The Beginnings of the Historic Period: The Tamil South” in Romila
Thapar (Ed.), Recent Perspectives of Early Indian History. Bombay: Popular Prakshan.
Assessment Methods:
Students will be regularly assessed for their grasp on debates and discussions covered in class. Two
written submissions; one of which could be a short project, will be used for final grading of
the students. Students will be assessed on their ability to explain important historical trends and
thereby engage with the historical approach.
Internal Assessment:25 Marks

tal: 100 Marks
Keywords: Prehistory, Harappan civilization, Megalithic, second urbanisation, Empire, Dhamma,Ta-

milakam.
56
6. Mathematics: Topics in Calculus
Credits: 4
Course Objectives: The primary objective of this course is to introduce the basic tools of calculus
which are helpful in understanding their applications in many real-world problems. Students will
be able to understand/create various mathematical models in everyday life.
i) Understand continuity and differentiability in terms of limits and graphs of certain functions.
ii) Describe asymptotic behaviour in terms of limits involving infinity.
iii) Use of derivatives to explore the behaviour of a given function locating and classify its
extrema and graphing the function.
iv) Apply the concepts of asymptotes, and inflexion points in tracing of cartesian curves.
v) Compute the reduction formulae of standard transcendental functions with applications.
Unit 1: Limits, Continuity and Differentiability

Limit of a function,  −  definition of a limit, Infinite limits, Continuity and types of
discontinuities; Differentiability of a function, Successive differentiation: Calculation of the nth
derivatives, Leibnitz theorem; Partial differentiation, Euler’s theorem on homogeneous functions.
Unit 2: Mean Value Theorems and its Applications
Rolle’s theorem, Mean value theorems and applications to monotonic functions and inequalities;
Taylor’s theorem, Taylor’s series, Maclaurin’s series expansions of e x , sin x, cos x, log (1 + x ) and
(1 + x )
m
; Indeterminate forms.
Unit 3: Tracing of Curves and Reduction Formulae

Asymptotes (parallel to axes and oblique), Concavity and inflexion points, Singular points,
Tangents at the origin and nature of singular points, Curve tracing (cartesian and polar equations).
Reduction formulae for  sin n x dx,  cos n x dx, and  sin m x cos n x dx and their applications.
References:
1. Prasad, Gorakh (2016). Differential Calculus (19th ed.). Pothishala Pvt. Ltd. Allahabad.
2. Prasad, Gorakh (2015). Integral Calculus. Pothishala Pvt. Ltd. Allahabad.
Additional Readings:
i. Apostol, T. M. (2007). Calculus: One-Variable Calculus with An Introduction to Linear
Algebra (2nd ed.). Vol. 1. Wiley India Pvt. Ltd.
ii. Ross, Kenneth. A. (2013). Elementary Analysis: The Theory of Calculus (2nd ed.).
Undergraduate Texts in Mathematics, Springer. Indian reprint.
57
7. Political Science : Introduction to Political Theory
Course Objective
This course aims to introduce certain key aspects of conceptual analysis in political theory and the
skills required to engage in debates surrounding the application of the concepts.

After completing this course students will be able to:
• Understand the nature and relevance of Political Theory
• Understand different concepts like liberty, equality, justice and rights.
• Reflect upon some of the important debates in Political Theory
Unit 1: What is Political Theory and what is its relevance?
Unit 2: Concepts: Liberty, Equality, Justice, Rights
Unit 3: Debates in Political Theory:

a. Protective discrimination and principles of fairness?
b. The Public vs private debate: Feminist Perspective Censorship and its limits

Unit I
Bhargava, R. (2008) ‘What is Political Theory’, in Bhargava, R. and Acharya, A. (eds.) Political
Theory: An Introduction. New Delhi: Pearson Longman, pp. 2-17.
Bhargava, R. (2008) ‘Why Do We Need Political Theory’, in Bhargava, R. and Acharya, A.(eds.)
Political Theory: An Introduction. New Delhi: Pearson Longman, pp. 18-37.
Unit 2
Sriranjani, V. (2008) ‘Liberty’, in Bhargava, R. and Acharya, A. (eds.) Political Theory: An
Acharya, A. (2008) ‘Equality’, in Bhargava, R. and Acharya, A. (eds.) Political Theory: An
Menon, K. (2008) Justice’, in Bhargava, R. and Acharya, A. (eds.) Political Theory: An
Talukdar, P.S. (2008) ‘Rights’, in Bhargava, R. and Acharya, A. (eds.) Political Theory: An
Unit 3
Acharya, A. (2008) ‘Affirmative Action’, in Bhargava, R. and Acharya, A. (eds.) Political Theory:
58
An Introduction. New Delhi: Pearson Longman, pp. 298-307.
Frances E O. (1985) ‘The Myth of State Intervention in the Family’, University of Michigan
Journal of Law Reform. 18 (4), pp. 835-64.
Sethi, A. (2008) ‘Freedom of Speech and the Question of Censorship’, in Bhargava, R. and
Acharya, A. (eds.) Political Theory: An Introduction. New Delhi: Pearson Longman, pp. 308-319.
Berlin, I. “Two Concepts of Liberty”
Rawls, John, A Theory of Justice
Jaggar, Alison, “Introduction”, Feminist Politics and Human Nature
Kukathas, Chandran, “The Demise and Rise of Political Theory”
Riley, J. (2008) ‘Liberty’, in McKinnon, C. (ed.) Issues in Political Theory, New York: Oxford
University Press, pp. 103-125.
Casal, P. & William, A. (2008) ‘Equality’, in McKinnon, C. (ed.) Issues in Political Theory. New
York: Oxford University Press, pp. 149- 165.
Wolf, J. (2008) ‘Social Justice’, in McKinnon, C. (ed.) Issues in Political Theory. New York:
Chambers, C. (2008) ‘Gender’, in McKinnon, C. (ed.) Issues in Political Theory. New York:
Swift, A. (2001) Political Philosophy: A Beginners Guide for Students and Politicians. Cambridge:
Polity Press.
Jha, M. (2001) ‘Ramabai: Gender and Caste’, in Singh, M.P. and Roy, H. (eds.) Indian Political
Thought: Themes and Thinkers, New Delhi: Pearson.
Menon, N. (2008) ‘Gender’, in Bhargava, R. and Acharya, A. (eds.) Political Theory: An
Hindi Reading
भागर्व, राजीव और अशोक आचायार् (एड.), राजनीितक िसधांत: एक पिरचय, िदल्ली: िपएसर्न, 2008.
कुमार, संजीव, “राजनीित क्या है : “राजनीितक” का िसधान्तीकरण”, संजीव कुमार (एड.), राजनीित िसधांत की
समझ, िदल्ली: ओिरएं ट ब्लैकस्वान, 2019, pp. 1-26.
संजीव कुमार (एड.), राजनीित िसद्धांत की समझ, िदल्ली: ओिरएं ट ब्लैकस्वान, 2019.
संजीव कुमार (एड.), राजनीित िसद्धांत: अवधारणाएँ एवं िवमशर्, सेज भाषा, नई िदल्ली, 2021.
59
8. Sanskrit : Sanskrit Grammar

Sanskrit is known for a long tradition of grammatical and semantic analysis of Language.
Panini’s grammar is very highly and very rightly respected for providing the best model for
structural and semantic studies of language. This course intends to familiarize the students with
the basic structure of Sanskrit language through the study of the text of Laghusiddhantakaumudi,
a premier text of Sanskrit grammar by Varadaraj.

After completion of this course, students will know the structure of Panini’s grammar. They will
become familiar with the sandhi and compounding patterns of Sanskrit Language. They will also
learn some important primary and secondary suffixes of Sanskrit. The practice of the application
of rules learnt from the reading of the text will further enhance their knowledge of the structural
patterns of Sanskrit language.
[C] Course Contents:

Unit I
Laghusiddhāntakaumudī : Sañjñā Prakaraṇa
Mahesvar Sutra, Pratyahara, Uchcharana Sthan, Different types of Sound.
Unit II
Laghusiddhāntakaumudī: Sandhi Prakaraṇa
ac sandhi: yaṇ, guṇa, dīrgha, ayādi, vṛddhi and pūrvarūpa.
hal sandhi: ścutva, ṣṭutva, anunāsikatva, chhatva and jaśtva
visarga sandhi: utva, lopa, satva and rutva
Unit III
Laghusiddhāntakaumudī: Vibhaktyartha Prakaraṇa

Vibhaktyartha Prakaraṇa
Unit IV
General introduction to Samasa based on Laghusiddhāntakaumudī.
[D] References :
Compulsory Reading:
60
1. धरानन्द शास्त्री, लघुसिद्धान्तकौमुदी, मूल एवं सिन्दी व्याख्या, मोतीलाल बनारिीदाि, ददल्ली,
२०२१.
2. भीमिेन शास्त्री, लघुसिद्धान्तकौमुदी भैमी व्याख्या (भाग-1), भैमी प्रकाशन, ददल्ली, १९८३.
3. चारुदेव शास्त्री, व्याकरण चन्रोदय (भाग-1,2 एवं 3), मोतीलाल बनारिीदाि, ददल्ली, १९९१.
4. ित्यपाल सिि, लघुसिद्धान्तकौमुदी: प्रकासशका नाम्नी सिन्दी व्याख्या िसिता, सशवासलक पसललके शन,
ददल्ली, 2014 ।
5. V.S. Apte, The Students’ Guide to Sanskrit Composition, Chowkhamba Sanskrit Series,
Varanasi, 1925. (Hindi Translation is also available).
6. M.R. Kale, Higher Sanskrit Grammar, MLBD, Delhi, 1961. (Hindi Translation is also
available).
1. चक्रधर नौटियाल िंि, बृिद् अनुवाद चसन्रका, मोतीलाल बनारिीदाि, ददल्ली, 1962.
2. कसपलदेव सिवेदी – रचनानुवादकौमुदी, सवश्वसवद्यालय प्रकाशन, वाराणिी, 1960.
Final Examination
I 75
Basic Structure of Question Paper & Division of Marks
i. Explanations of 5 sutras (Units 1 to 5) 05 x 05 = 25
ii. Formation of 5 words (Unit 1 to 5) 05 x 05 = 25
Questions on applied grammar from prescribed texts (from unit
iii. 05 x 02 = 10
2 to 5)
शुद्ध अशुद्ध वाक्य based on karka
iv. 01 x 05 = 05
v. Making of compounds and disolution of compounds. 04 x 2.5 = 10

II 25
Total Marks: (I+II) (75+25) = 100
[F] Keywords:
Sañjñā, Sandhi, Vibhaktyartha, Samasa
61
9. Urdu : Study of Modern Prose and Poetry-I
Credit-4
Nasr
1. Guzra Hua zamana – Sir Syed (Matn ki Tadrees)
2. Murda Badast Zinda – Mirza Farhatullah Beg (Matn ki Tadrees)
3. Namak Ka Darogha – Prem Chand (Matn ki Tadrees)
4. Sawere Jo kal Ankh Meri Khuli – Patras Bukhari (Matn ki Tadrees)
Nazm
5. (i) Ik Khalish Hoti hai Mahsoos Rage Jaan Ke Qareeb – Hasrat (Matn ki Tadrees)
(ii) Wasl Ki Banti Hain In Baton Ki Tadbiren Kahin – Hasrat (Matn ki Tadrees)
6. (i) Kabhi Shakho Sabzao Barg Par – Jigar (Matn ki Tadrees)
(ii) Dil Gaya Raunaqe Hayaat Gai – Jigar (Matn ki Tadrees)
7. (i) Kabhi Ae Haqiqate Muntazar – Iqbal (Matn ki Tadrees)
(ii) Sitaron Se Aage Jahan Aur Bhi Hain – Iqbal (Matn ki Tadrees)
8. Badli Ka Chand – Josh (Matn ki Tadrees)
9. Do Ishq – Faiz (Matn ki Tadrees)
10.Aawara – Majaz (Matn ki Tadrees)
Note: Hissa Nasr Aur Nazm Mein Shamil Tamam Takhliqkaaron Ke Fanni Mahasin Se
Bhi Rushanas Karaya Jae.
Text Book:
Jadeed Urdu Nasr Wa Nazm-1
Reference Books:
1. Urdu Sairi Ka fanni Irtiqa – Dr. Farman Fatehpuri
3. Meer Amman Se Abdul haq tak – Sayyed Abdullah
62
Generic Elective (GE)
ENGLISH : ENGLISH FLUENCY- I
Course objectives:
 This course is intended for students who possess basic grammatical and vocabulary skills
in English but may not be able to effectively communicate in their everyday contexts.
 The course aims to equip them with skills that will help them interact with people around
their personal, institutional and social spaces.
The course will help students to:
 describe or express their opinions on topics of personal interest such as their experiences
of events, their hopes and ambitions.
 read and understand information on topical matters and explain the advantages and
disadvantages of a situation.
 write formal letters, personal notes, blogs, reports and texts on familiar matters.
 comprehend and analyse texts in English.
 organise and write paragraphs and short essays in a variety of rhetorical styles.
Course content:
UNIT I: In the domestic sphere
1. Dry
2. Mofiers, Prepositions, Conjunctions
3. Write a diary entry and convert it into a blog post
4. Convert a transcript/ script/ piece of dialogue into a diary entry/ blog post
Readings:
1. Morgan, Esther. ‘The Lost Word’, New Writing. ed. Penelope Lively and George Szirtes,
Picador India, 2001.
2. Sharma, Natasha. Squiggle Gets Stuck: All About Muddled Sentences. India: Penguin Books
Limited, 2016.
UNIT II: In the University
1. Introducing oneself -- Note-making
2. Pronunciation Intonation – Nouns, Verbs, Articles
3. Blog writing
63
A. Introduce yourselves as individuals and as groups -- group discussion exercise Take notes on
your fellow students' introductions.
B. Introduce characters from the text you are reading via posters
Readings:
3. Ghose, Premola. Tales of Historic Delhi. Zubaan, 2011.
UNIT III: In public places
1. CV Job applications
2. Tenses and concord
A. Write the CV of a fictional character
B. Write the perfect job application for your dream job
Readings:
4. Chakrabarti, Nirendranath. ‘Amalkanti’, The Oxford Anthology of Modern Indian Poetry. ed.
Vinay Dharwadkar and A.K. Ramanujan, India: Oxford University Press, 1994.
5. Anand, S., et al. Bhimayana: Incidents in the Life of Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar. India:
Navayana Pub, 2011. pp 60-71
64
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70
Sanskrit : Basic Sanskrit
Max. Marks: (75+25= 100) Total Credits: 04

This is an elementary course in Sanskrit language designed for students who wish to learn
Sanskrit from the very beginning. Essential Sanskrit grammar will be introduced (without
reference to Panini’s sutras) through the multiple example method with emphasis on students
constructing themselves the simple Sanskrit sentences.

 Students will acquire the basic and working knowledge of the Sanskrit language.
 Students will be able to communicate in simple Sanskrit.
 Students will develop an interest in Sanskrit.
 Students will be motivated to study further.
[C] Course Contents

Unit: I Grammar and Composition, Part I:
 Nominative forms of ‘a’ ending masculine and neuter gender nouns with paṭh, khād,
likh, bhū, and other similar simple verbs in present, past and future tenses. Accusative
forms of nouns in singular number with the usage of more simple verbs.
 ‘ā’ and ' ī' ending feminine words in nominative and accusative cases with loṭ lakāra
(imperative).
 Masculine and Feminine nouns ending in ‘i’ and masculine nouns ending in ‘u’ in
various cases in singular number.
 Nominative forms of pronouns- asmad, yuṣmad, tat, etat, yat, kim in masculine,
feminine and neutral genders.
 Masculine nouns ending in consonants – bhavat, guṇin, ātman and Feminine nouns
ending in consonants – vāk.
 Neuter nouns ending in consonants – jagat, manas.
Unit: II Grammar and Composition, Part II

Special Verb forms – in parasmaipada –past, present, future and imperative - kṛ, śrū
Special Verb forms – in parasmaipada –past, present, future and imperative - jñā
Special Verb forms – in parasmaipada –past, present, future and imperative – dā, dhā
Special Verb forms – in ātmanepada – past, present, future and imperative – edh, sev
Unit: lll Sandhis and Pratyayas
Ac Sandhis:
yaṇ, guṇa, dirgha, ayadi, vrddhi and pūrvarūpa
Hal sandhis:
scutva, stutva, anunāsikatva, chhatva and jaštva
71
Visarga sandhis:
satva and rutva
Unit: lV Pratyayas–
śatṛ, śānac, ktavatu, kta
ktvā, lyap, tumun
Active – passive structures only in laṭ lakāra
[D] References:
Compulsory Readings:
1. Mishra, Dr. Yadunandan, Anuvada Chandrika, Chaukhambha Orientaliya, Delhi, 2021.
2. Apte, Vaman Shivram, Students Guide to Sanskrit Composition, The Standard
Publishing Company, Girgaon, Bombay, 1925.
3. Tripathi, Dr. Brahmananda, Rupa Chandrika, Chaukhamba Surbharati Prakashan,
Varanasi, 2008.
4. Kridanta Rupa Mala – Srijan Jha – App. available on Google Play Store
[E] Teaching Learning Process:

1. Teachers will introduce the prescribed components of grammar with several examples.
2. Teachers will make students produce and practise with more examples.
3. Teachers will put words in phrases and sentences and repeat them in several variations.
4. Students will construct Sanskrit sentences in the class singly and collectively and exhibit
them in spoken as well as written forms.
5. Teachers will provide practice sheets to the students for each section, which they will solve
either in class or at home.
6. Teachers will from the very beginning, encourage students to make short and simple Sanskrit
sentences and speak in Sanskrit.
[F] Weekly Plan
Week 1 – Unit 1
Week 2 – Unit 1
Week 3 – Unit 2
Week 4 – Unit 2
Week 5 – Unit 3
Week 6 – Unit 3
Week 7 – Unit 4
Week 8 – Unit 4
[G] Assessment Methods:
72
I. Final Examination 75
i. Word formation and Forms from Unit 1 20

ii. Word formation and Forms from Unit 2 20
iii. Word formation and Forms from Unit 3 20
iv. Word formation and Forms from Unit 3 15
II. Internal Assessment 25
(Project/Discussion/Assignment/ paper presentation/ Periodic tests etc.)

Total Marks: (I+II) (75+25) = 100
[H] Keywords:
Sanskrit language, grammar, composition etc.
**********************
73
Study of Development of Urdu
CREDIT-4 Maximum Marks: 75

SEMESTER-I/II 3+1 (Theory+Tutorial)
Unit-1 Study of Development of Urdu
1. Urdu Zaban ka Aaghaz-o-Irteqa
Unit-2
2. Urdu Zaban ki Ibteda se Mutalliq Mukhtalif Nazariyaat
Unit-3
3. Urdu ki Adabi Dastaanein
Unit-4
4. Fort William College ki Adabi Khidmaat
Text Book:
1. Urdu ki Kahani – Ehtesham Hussain
Reference Books:
1. Urdu Adab ki Tanqeedi Tareekh – Prof. Ehtesham Hussain
2. Urdu ki Lisani Tareekh – Mirza Khaleel Ahmad Beg
3. Muqaddema-e-Tareekh Zaban-e-Urdu – Masud Hussain Khan
4. Hindustani Lisaniyaat – Dr. Mohiuddin Qadri Zor
74
GENERIC ELECTIVE (GE-1)
Punjabi Bhasha Da Mudhla Padhar
CREDIT DISTRIBUTION, ELIGIBILITY AND PRE-REQUISITES OF THE

COURSE
Course title & Credits Credit distribution of the Eligibility Pre-

Code course criteria requisite
Lecture Tutorial Practical/ of the
Practice course
(if any)
Punjabi Bhasha Da 4 3 1 0 Class 12th
Mudhla Padhar pass in any
NIL
GE-1 subject
Credits: 4 L/T/P= 3/1/0
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
• To learn Punjabi Script as a beginner.
• To learn basic Punjabi vocabulary and practical use of it.
• To comprehend the meaning of words, phrases and sentences.
• To develop communication skills and understanding of social interactions in multi
lingual societies.
• To collect information through Punjabi language and express thoughts about
common topics.
LEARNING OUTCOMES:
• Students will learn speaking, writing and reading skills in Punjabi language.
• They will learn basic Punjabi words as well as sentence formation and practical use of
it.
• They will be able to acquire knowledge of vocabulary prevalent in Punjabi society.
• They will also learn to express their thoughts in Punjabi language.
Unit-I: ਗੁਰਮੁਖੀ ਿਲਪੀ ਿਗਆਨ

(Gurmukhi Lipi Gyan)
● ਅੱਖਰ ਿਗਆਨ
Akhar Gyan
● ਲਗ*- ਮਾਤਰਾਵ* ਦੀ ਵਰਤ1
Lagan-Matranvan di Varton
● ਲਗਾਖਰ* ਦੀ ਵਰਤ1
Lagakharan di varton
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● ਪੈਰ4 ਅੱਖਰ
Pairin Akhar
Unit-II: ਸ਼ਬਦ ਿਗਆਨ

(Shabad Gyan)
• ਸ਼ਬਦ ਰਚਨਾ
Shabad Rachna
● ਿਵਹਾਰਕ ਸ਼ਬਦ* ਦੀ ਵਰਤ1 (ਰੋਜ਼ਾਨਾ ਕੰ ਮਕਾਜ, ਪਿਹਰਾਵੇ, ਮਨੁੱਖੀ ਗੁਣ-ਔਗੁਣ, ਕੁਦਰਤ, ਫਲ*-ਸਬਜ਼ੀਆਂ,
ਰੁੱਖ*-ਪੌਿਦਆਂ, ਮਨੁੱਖੀ ਸਰੀਰ, ਪਸ਼ੂਆਂ-ਜਾਨਵਰ* ਨਾਲ ਸੰ ਬੰ ਿਧਤ ਸ਼ਬਦਾਵਲੀ)
Viharak Shabadan di Varton (Rozana Kamkaj, Pehrave, Manukhi Gun-Augun, Kudrat,
Falan-Sabzian, Rukhan-Paudeyan, Manukhi Sareer, Pashuyan-Janwaran naal
Sambandhit Shabadavali.)
● ਿਗਣਤੀ ਿਗਆਨ
Ginti Gyan
● ਅੰ ਗਰੇਜ਼ੀ ਅਤੇ ਿਹੰ ਦੀ ਸ਼ਬਦ* ਤ1 ਪੰ ਜਾਬੀ ਸ਼ਬਦ* ਿਵਚ ਅਨੁਵਾਦ
Angrezi ate Hindi Shabdan ton Punjabi Shabadaan vich Anuvad
Unit-III: ਵਾਕ ਿਗਆਨ

(Vaak Gyan)
● ਨ*ਵ ਅਤੇ ਪੜਨ*ਵ ਦੀ ਵਾਕ* ਿਵਚ ਵਰਤ1
Naav ate Parhnav di Vaakan vich Varton
● ਿਕਿਰਆ ਦੀ ਵਾਕ* ਿਵਚ ਵਰਤ1
Kirya di Vaakan vich Varton
● ਿਵਸ਼ੇਸ਼ਣ ਦੀ ਵਾਕ* ਿਵਚ ਵਰਤ1
Visheshan di Vaakan vich Varton
● ਅੰ ਗਰੇਜ਼ੀ ਅਤੇ ਿਹੰ ਦੀ ਵਾਕ* ਤ1 ਪੰ ਜਾਬੀ ਵਾਕ* ਿਵਚ ਅਨੁਵਾਦ
Angrezi ate Hindi Vakan ton Punjabi Vaakan vich Anuvad
Unit-IV: ਅਰਥ ਿਗਆਨ

(Arth Gyan)
● ਸਮਾਨਾਰਥਮਕ, ਬਹੁਅਰਥਕ ਅਤੇ ਿਵਰੋਧਾਰਥਕ ਸ਼ਬਦ
Smanarthak, Bahuarthak ate Virodharthak Shabad
● ਬਹੁਤੇ ਸ਼ਬਦ* ਦੀ ਥ* ਇਕ ਸ਼ਬਦ
Bahute Shabadan di Than Ik Shabad
● ਪੈਰਾ ਰਚਨਾ
Paira Rachna
● ਿਮੰ ਨੀ ਕਹਾਣੀ ਰਚਨਾ
Mini Kahani Rachna
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ESSENTIAL/RECOMMENDED READINGS:
● Duggal, Narinder Singh (2008), Punjabi Viyakaran te Rachnavali, New Book
Company, Jalandhar.
● Sandhu, Satnam Singh (Dr.) (2009), Aao Punjabi Sikhiye, Punjabi University, Patiala.
● Sandhu, Satnam Singh (Dr.) (2011), Gurmukhi Sikho, Punjabi University, Patiala.
SUGGESTED READINGS:
● Duggal, Narinder Singh (2017), CBSE, Punjabi Viyakaran ate Likhat Rachna (IX
X), New Book Company, Delhi.
● Dhiman, Harbans Singh (Dr.) (2009), Viharak Punjabi Bhasha ate Viyakaran
(Part-1), Manpreet Publications, Delhi.
● Dhiman, Harbans Singh (Dr.) (2010), Viharak Punjabi Bhasha ate Viyakaran
(Part-2), Manpreet Publications, Delhi.
● Sangha, Sukhwinder Singh (2010), Punjabi Bhasha Vigiyan, Punjabi Bhasha
Academy, Jalandhar.
● Punjabi Path Pustak-4 (Dooji Bhasha) (2020), Punjab School Sikkhia Board,
Sahibzada Ajeet Singh Nagar.
• Teja Singh (1947), Punjabi Kiven Likhiye (Second Edition), Hind Publishers
Limited, Jalandhar.
INTERNET RESOURCES:
● http://www.learnpunjabi.org/pr.aspx
*(Note: Teachers are free to recommend additional related standard source books, if required so.)
Note: Examination scheme and mode shall be as prescribed by the Examination

Branch, University of Delhi, from time to time.
77
Ability Enhancement Course (AEC)
Environmental Science: Theory into Practice-I
6.0 The course will empower the undergraduate students by helping them to:
i. Gain in-depth knowledge on natural processes and resources that sustain life and govern
economy.
ii. Understand the consequences of human actions on the web of life, global economy, and
quality of human life.
iii. Develop critical thinking for shaping strategies (scientific, social, economic,
administrative, and legal) for environmental protection, conservation of biodiversity,
environmental equity, and sustainable development.
iv. Acquire values and attitudes towards understanding complex environmental- economic
social challenges, and active participation in solving current environmental problems and
preventing the future ones.
v. Adopt sustainability as a practice in life, society, and industry.
6.1 Year -1
Ability Enhancement Course on
Environmental Science: Theory into Practice (I) - at UG level (AEC-1)
Unit 1
Introduction to Environmental Studies (2 lectures and 3 practical/ outreach activities)
• Multidisciplinary nature of environmental studies; components of environment:
atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, and biosphere
• Scope and importance; Concept of sustainability and sustainable development; Brief
history of environmentalism
Suggested Readings
1. Raven, P.H, Hassenzahl, D.M., Hager, M.C, Gift, N.Y., and Berg, L.R. (2015). Environment, 8th
Edition. Wiley Publishing, USA. Chapter 1 (Pages: 1-17); Chapter 2 (Pages: 22-23); Chapter
3 (Pages: 40, 41); Chapter 4 (Pages: 64, 66).
2. Singh, J.S., Singh, S.P., and Gupta, S.R. (2017). Ecology, Environmental Science and
Conservation. S. Chand Publishing, New Delhi. Chapter 1 (Page: 3-28).
Practical/Exercises/Experiential activities/Outreach activities

( College may choose as per requirement)
1. Analysis of achievement of Sustainable Development Goals of any country.
2. Gain insights of sustainability framework for an industrial acitivty using activity worksheets
3. Use of environmental activity worksheets to understand interdependence and interactions
between different environmental components.
Unit 2
Ecosystems (6 lectures and 6 practical/ outreach activities)
• Definition and concept of Ecosystem
• Structure of ecosystem (biotic and abiotic components); Functions of Ecosystem:
Physical (energy flow), Biological (food chains, food web, ecological succession), and
Biogeochemical (nutrient cycling) processes. Concepts of productivity, ecological
pyramids and homeostasis
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• Types of Ecosystems: Tundra, Forest, Grassland, Desert, Aquatic (ponds, streams,
lakes, rivers, oceans, estuaries); importance and threats with relevant examples from
India
• Ecosystem services (Provisioning, Regulating, Cultural, and Supporting); Ecosystem
preservation and conservation strategies; Basics of Ecosystem restoration
Suggested Readings
1. Odum, E.P., Odum, H.T., and Andrews, J. (1971). Fundamentals of Ecology. Saunders,
Philadelphia, USA. Chapter 1 (Pages: 1-16); Chapter 2 (Pages: 18-76); Chapter 10 (Pages:
414-458).
2. Raven, P.H, Hassenzahl, D.M., Hager, M.C, Gift, N.Y., and Berg, L.R. (2015). Environment, 9th
Edition. Wiley Publishing, USA. Chapter 3 (Pages: 38-52); Cl-!apter 4 (Pages: 53-62); Chapter
5 (Pages: 100-103); Chapter 6 (Pages: 106-128).
3. Singh, J.S., Singh, S.P., and Gupta, S.R. (2017). Ecology, Environmental Science and
Conservation. S. Chand Publishing, New Delhi. Chapter 13 (Pages: 307-323); Chapter 18
(Pages: 420-442); Chapter 28 (Pages: 747-769).

1. Schematic collection of data for depicting ecological pyramids in the College campus
2. Differentiation of natural and managed ecosystems using Google Earth/Google Map
3. Field visit to terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems (forests, grasslands, wetlands,
biodiversity parks, etc.)
4. Develop a working model of any ecosystem
5. Use of worksheets to identify structure and function of different ecosystems.
Unit 3
Natural Resources (8 lectures and 6 practical/ outreach activities)
• Land resources: Minerals, soil, agricultural crops, natural forest products, medicinal
plants, and forest-based industries and livelihoods; Land cover, land use change, land
degradation, soil erosion, and desertification; Causes of deforestation; Impacts of
mining and dam building on environment, forests, biodiversity, and tribal communities
• Water resources: Natural and man-made sources; Uses of water; Over exploitation
of surface and ground water resources; Floods, droughts, and international &inter
state conflicts over water
• Energy resources: Renewable and non-renewable energy sources; Use of alternate
energy sources; Growing energy needs; Energy contents of coal, petroleum, natural
gas and bio gas; Agro-residues as a biomass energy source
• Case studies: Contemporary Indian issues related to mining, dams, forests, energy,
etc (e.g., National Solar Mission, Cauvery river water conflict, Sardar Sarovar dam,
Chipko movement, Appiko movement, Tarun Bharat Sangh, etc)
Suggested Readings
1. Gadgil, M. and Guha, R. (1993). This Fissured Land: An Ecological History of India. University
of California Press, Berkeley, USA. (pp. 1-245).
2. McCully, P. (1996). Rivers no more: the environmental effects of dams, In: Silenced Rivers: The
Ecology and Politics of Large Dams, Zed Books, New York, USA. Page. 29-64.
3. Raven, P.H, Hassenzahl, D.M., Hager, M.C, Gift, N.Y. and Berg, L.R. (2015). Environment, 9th
Edition. Wiley Publishing, USA. Chapters 10, 11, 12, 13 (Pages: 180-263); Chapter 14 (Pages:
272-275); Chapter 15 (Pages: 286-289).
4. Singh, J.S., Singh, S.P. and Gupta, S.R. (2017). Ecology, Environmental Science and
Conservation. S. Chand Publishing, New Delhi. Chapter 25 (Pages: 623-663).
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Practical/Exercises/Experiential activities/Outreach activities (College may
choose as per requirement)
1. Visit to a paper recycling unit/rainwater harvesting plant/solar plant/biogas plant in
the College campus
2. Develop and understand working model of renewable/non-renewable sources of
energy
3. Mapping of natural resources of a given study area using Google Earth
4. Time-series analysis of natural resource consumption of a given country using
publicly available data
5. Comparison of energy demand and consumption of a particular state over the years
using graphical tools
6. Assessing the consumption pattern of a natural resource in the dominant industry at
local scale and status of natural resource in areas supplying it
Unit4
Environmental Pollution (8 lectures and 6 practical/ outreach activities)
• Environmental pollution (Air, water, soil, thermal, and noise): causes, effects, and
controls; Primary and secondary air pollutants; Air and water quality standards
• Nuclear hazards and human health risks
• Solid waste management: Control measures for various types of urban, industrial
waste, Hazardous waste, E-waste, etc; Waste segregation and disposal
• Pollution case studies: Ganga Action plan (GAP), Delhi air pollution and public health
issues, Plastic waste management rules, Bhopal gas tragedy, etc
Suggested Readings
1. Brusseau, M.L., Pepper, I.L. and Gerba, C.P. (2019). Environmental and Pollution Science, 3rd
Edition. Academic Press, USA. Chapter 16 (Pages: 243-255); Chapter 18 (Pages: 280-305);
Chapter 21 (Pages: 352-358); Chapter 22 (Pages: 365-374); Chapter 23 (Pages: 378-388);
Chapter 25 (Pages: 416-426).
2. Carson, R. (2002). Silent Spring. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, USA. Pp. 1-264.
3. Raven, P.H, Hassenzahl, D.M., Hager, M.C, Gift, N.Y. and Berg, LR. (2015). Environment, 9th
Edition. Wiley Publishing, USA. Chapter 19 (Pages: 359-381); Chapter 21 (Pages: 401-421);
Chapter 23 (Pages: 440-453).
4. Singh, J.S., Singh, S.P. and Gupta, S.R. (2017). Ecology, Environmental Science and
Conservation. S. Chand Publishing, New Delhi. Chapters 19, 20, 12 (Pages: 445-535).

1. Determine water quality of a given location using rapid pollution monitoring kits
2. Assess air quality index (AQI) of any location using real-time air quality parameters
3. Determine magnitude of solid waste generated in a home/college on a monthly basis
4. Develop and maintain compost/vermicompost using biodegradable waste in the College
5. Identify suitability of given water samples for various purposes using given kits
6. Prepare water audit report of the college/house/locality/colony.
7. Map solid and liquid discharge of the college/colony and develop a management plan
(show it using schematic diagram, and photographs.
8. Repurpose waste for economic and environmental benefits in your college/near by
area/colony (submit a small video).
9. Analyze river-society-economy nexus based on primary or secondary data (use
quantitative data, and show it using photographs on a poster).
80
Skill Enhancement Course (SEC)
Commerce : Finance for Everyone
Credits: 2
Learning Objectives
The Learning Objectives of this course are as follows:

• To offer an integrated approach to the understanding of concepts and applications of
financial planning.
• To help the students in their financial planning.
Learning outcomes
The Learning Outcomes of this course are as follows:

• After studying this course, students will be able to understand the importance of
financial literacy and the institutions providing financial services.
• After studying this course, students will be able to prepare a financial plan, budget
and manage personal finances.
• After studying this course, students will be able to open, avail and manage services
offered by banks.
• After studying this course, students will be able to open, avail and manage services
offered by post offices.
• After studying this course, students will be able to plan for life insurance and
property insurance.
• After studying this course, students will be able to choose instruments for
investment in shares.
Unit 1: Introduction, Financial Planning and Budgeting

Meaning, importance and scope of financial literacy; Prerequisites of financial literacy – level
of education, numerical and communication ability; Various financial institutions – banks,
insurance companies, post offices, mobile app based services. Need of availing of financial
services from banks, insurance companies and postal services. Concept of economic wants
and means for satisfying these needs; Balancing between economic wants and resources;
Meaning, importance and need for financial planning; Personal budget, family budget,
business budget and national budget; Procedure for financial planning and preparing a budget;
Budget surplus and budget deficit, Avenues for savings from surplus, Sources for meeting the
deficit.
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Unit 2: Banking Services
Types of banks; Banking products and services – Various services offered by banks; Types of
bank deposit accounts – savings bank account, term deposit, current account, recurring
deposit; pan card, address proof, KYC norm; Various types of loans – education loan,
consumer durable loan, vehicle loan, housing loan, short term, medium term, long
term, microfinance, bank overdraft, cash credit, mortgage, reverse mortgage,
hypothecation, pledge, Agricultural and related interest rates offered by various
nationalized banks; Cashless banking, e-banking, check counterfeit currency; CIBIL, ATM, net
banking, RTGS, NEFT, IMPS, electronic clearance services (ECS), debit and credit card, app
based payment system, bank draft and pay order; banking complaints and ombudsman.
Unit 3: Financial Services from India Post Office
Post office savings schemes: savings bank, recurring deposit, term deposit, monthly income
scheme, kisan vikas patra, NSC, PPF, senior citizen savings scheme , sukanya samriddhi
yojana ; india post payments bank. money transfer: money order, e-money order. instant
money order, collaboration with the western union financial services; mo videsh,
international money transfer service, money gram international money transfer, indian
postal order.
Unit 4: Insurance Services
Life insurance policies: life insurance, term life insurance, endowment policies, pension
policies, ULIP, health insurance plans, comparison of policies offered by various life
insurance companies, comparison of policies offered by various health insurance
companies. Property insurance policies. Post office life insurance schemes: postal life
insurance and rural postal life insurance.
Unit 5: Stock Markets – Some Basic Concepts
Terms used in stock markets: SENSEX, NIFTY, primary markets, secondary markets, initial
public offering(IPO), follow-on public offering (FPO), offer for sale (OFS), block deal, equity
shares, preference shares, debentures, bonus shares, stock split, dividend, buyback, DEMAT
account, trading account, delivery instruction slip (DI Slips), blue chips, defensive stocks, face
value, market value, market capitalisation, pre-opening session, trading session, opening
price, closing price, business days, bull, bear, bull market, bear market, risk, stop loss,
derivatives, call option, put option, hedge, holding period; Tax on short term capital gains
and long-term capital gains, Mutual Fund and its various schemes.
Practical Exercises:
The learners are required to:
• visit banks, post offices, and insurance companies to collect information and required
documents related to the services offered by these institutions and to know the
procedure for availing of these services.
• carry out the comparative analysis of different types of life insurance policies.
• carry out the comparative analysis of different types of health insurance policies.
• prepare a personal and family budget for one/six/ twelve months on imaginary figures.
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Suggested Readings:
● Avadhani, V. A. “Investment Management” Himalaya Publishing House Pvt. Ltd.,
Mumbai.
● Batra, J.K., Accounting and Finance for Non-finance Managers, Sage Textbook
● Chandra, P. “Investment Game: How to Win” Tata McGraw Hill Education, New
Delhi.
● Kothari, R. “Financial Services in India-Concept and Application” Sage
Publications India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.
● Milling, B. E. “The Basics of Finance: Financial Tools for Non-Financial Managers”
Universe Company, Indiana,
● Mittra, S., Rai, S. K., Sahu, A. P., & Starn, H. J. “Financial Planning” Sage
Publications India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.
● Zokaityte, A. “Financial Literacy Education” Palgrave Macmillan, London.
Note: Learners are advised to use the latest edition of readings.
Examination scheme and mode:

Total Marks: 100
Internal Assessment: 25 marks
Practical Exam (Internal): 25 marks
End Semester University Exam: 50 marks
The Internal Assessment for the course may include Class participation, Assignments, Class
tests, Projects, Field Work, Presentations, amongst others as decided by the faculty.
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English : Communication in Everyday Life

Credits: 2
Learning Objectives
The Learning Objectives of this course are as follows:

 To lay down a basic foundation for basic communication that is a part of a student's
everyday life.
 To inculcate the fundamentals of communication with the aim to enhance listening,
speaking and writing skills.
 To hone practical skills that can be used in day-to-day affairs.
Learning outcomes
The Learning Outcomes of this course are as follows:
 After studying this course, students will be able to improve mediation skills.
 After studying this course, students will be able to building human relationships.
 After studying this course, students will be able to foster societal understanding &
develop an independent perspective.
 After studying this course, students will be able to enhance social communication
skills of students.
SYLLABUS OF SEC-1
THEORY
UNIT 1
Theory of Communication
 Meaning, Features, Uses, Cycle, Feedback, Advantages
 Barriers
 7 C’s of Communication
UNIT 2
Reading Skills
 Close Reading
 Skimming
 Scanning
UNIT 3
Writing Skills
 Summarising
 Paraphrasing
 Note-making
 Essays- Expository Essay, Descriptive Essay, Narrative Essay
 Letter Writing- Formal Letter, Informal Letter
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PRACTICE SESSIONS
Speaking Skills
 Oral Presentation- Audio-Visual aids, Audience & Feedback, Delivery of
Presentation, Handling Questions (3 hrs.)
 Group Discussion- Culture & History, Current Affairs, Society-related (3 hrs.)
 Public Speaking- Public Speech, Extempore (3 hrs.)
 Interview- Personal, Conversational, Public (3 hrs.)
Listening Skills
 Netiquettes (1 hr.)
 Audio-book Listening & Discussions (3 hrs.)
 Note-taking (1 hr.)
Writing Skills
 Reports- Incidence, Newspaper, Organisational Report (3 hrs.)
 Analysis & Interpretation- Textual (2 hrs.)
 Intra & Inter-personal Skills - Monologue, Dialogue (2 hrs.)
Total Hours for Theory= 8
Total Hours for Practice Sessions= 24
Total Hours of classes= 32
Suggested Readings
 Chaudhary, Shoma. “Understanding Interviews, Billy Elliot is my Story, Only Less

Happy”. Tehelka: The People’s Paper, 18 February 2006.
 Kumar, Dinesh. “Understanding Values, Our Muddled Generation”. The Hindu, 26
March 2006.
 Learning to Write I, “Free Writing”. In Fluency in English II, ed. Varma, Pramodini
and Mukti Sanyal, pp. 1-5, Oxford, New Delhi, 2015.
 Learning to Write II, “Editing”. In Fluency in English II, ed. Varma, Pramodini and
Mukti Sanyal, pp. 25-27, Oxford, New Delhi, 2015.
 Learning to Write III, “What makes Good Writing Good”. In Fluency in English II,
ed. Varma, Pramodini and Mukti Sanyal, pp. 48-51, Oxford, New Delhi, 2015.
Examination scheme and mode:

Total Marks: 100
The Internal Assessment for the course may include Class participation, Assignments,
Class tests, Projects, Field Work, Presentations, amongst others as decided by the faculty.
85
Hindi : Rangmanch
Credits: 2
Course Objective:
• हिन्दी रं गमंच का सामान्य पररचय कराना l
• नाट्य-प्रस्तुहि की प्रहिया की जानकारी दे ना l
• अहिनय के हिहिन्न पक्षं से अिगि कराना l
• रं गमंच के खेलषं और गहिहिहियषं से अिगि कराना l
Course Learning Outcomes:

• नाट्य-प्रस्तुहि की प्रहिया से हिद्यार्थी अिगि िष सकेगा l
• रं गमंच की सामान्य जानकारी हमलने के उपरान्त इस क्ेत्र में हिद्यार्थी के हलए रषजगार
की संिािनाएँ बनेंगी l
• रं गमंचीय गहिहिहियषं से हिद्यार्थी के व्यक्तित्व का हिकास िष सकेगा l
• हिद्यार्थी में अहिव्यक्ति कौशल का हिकास िष सकेगा l
यूनिट 1
• िरि मुहन कृि नाट्यशास्त्र (संहक्प्त पररचय)

• हिन्दी का पारं पररक रं गमंच (संहक्प्त पररचय)
यूनिट 2
प्रस्तुहि-प्रहिया: आलेख का चयन, अहिनेिाओं का चयन, दृश्य-पररकल्पना (ध्वहन-संगीि-नृत्य-प्रकाश),
पूिााभ्यास
यूनिट 3
अहिनय की िैयारी: िाहचक, आं हगक, आिाया, साक्तत्वक
यूनिट 4
आशु अहिनय, हर्थएटर गेम्स, संिाद-िाचन, शारीररक अभ्यास, सीन िका
यूनिट 5
मंच प्रबंिन: सेट, रं ग-सामग्री, प्रचार-प्रसार, ब्रषशर-हनमाा ण
सन्दर्भ पुस्तकें:
86
सन्दभर् पस्
ु तक� :
• संहक्प्त नाट्यशास्त्रम् - रािािल्लि हत्रपाठी, िाणी प्रकाशन, हदल्ली, 2009
• रं ग स्र्थापत्य: कुछ हटप्पहणयाँ – एच. िी. शमाा राष्ट्रीय नाट्य हिद्यालय प्रकाशन, हदल्ली,
2004
• पारं पररक िारिीय: रं गमंच अनंििाराएँ – कहपला िात्स्यायन, अनुिाद – बदी उज़म्मा,
नेशनल बुक टर स्ट, हदल्ली, 1995
• हिंदी रं गमंच का लषकपक्, सं प्रष. रमेश गौिम, स्वराज प्रकाशन, हदल्ली 2020
• मंच आलषकन – जी. एन. दासगुप्ता, अनुिाद – अजय मलकानी, नेशनल बुक टर स्ट,
हदल्ली, 2006
• रं गमंच के हसद्ांि – सं मिेश आनंद, दे िेन्द्र राज अंकुर, राजकमल प्रकाशन, हदल्ली
2008
Examination Scheme & Mode:

Total Marks: 100
The Internal Assessment for the course may include Class participation, Assignments, Class tests,
Projects, Field Work, Presentations, amongst others as decided by the faculty.
87
Value Addition Course (VAC)
English : Reading Indian Fiction in English
Course Title and Credits Credit Distribution of the Course Eligibility Prerequisite
Code Criteria of the
Lecture Tutorial Practical/Practice Course
Reading Indian 02 1 0 1 Pass in NIL
Fiction in English Class 12th
Course Objectives
● Acquaint students with Indian Fiction in English.

● Familiarise students with Indian ethos and values through Indian fiction.
● Analyze novels critically and in the context of their own lived situations.
Learning Outcomes
● Understanding of Indian ethos and values through Indian fiction.
● Develop creative thinking through reading of fiction..
● Realise the potential of fiction in bringing out social and cultural change.
UNIT:I
● How to Read a Novel
● Novel as Reflection of Society
UNIT II:
● Bankim Chandra Chatterjee: Anandamath (English translation by
Sri Aurobindo and Barindra K Ghosh)
Points of Discussion:
● Patriotism and Nationalism
● The song Bande Mataram
● Elements of History and Romance
● Issues of Gender
88
● Natural calamity
● Genre of Text and Feature Film
UNIT III:
● Chaman Nahal: Azadi. Houghton Mifflin publication, 1975.
Points of Discussion:
● The Story of Partition
● Violence and Trauma
● Autobiographical voices in the novel
● Elements of history, politics and art
● Personal and Political
Practical/ Practice Component (15 sessions of 2 hours each= 30 hours)
● Students may be asked to do a dramatic recitation of selected parts of a novel.

● Students may be asked to organize the major events of the plot of a novel through
different methods: graphically, making a plot outline or sketching a storyboard.
● Students may be asked to classify each instance of figurative language (simile, metaphor,
etc.) and explain its effect on that section of the text.
● Students may share their understanding of any particular aspect of the novels through a
brief write up.
● Discuss the portrayal of any major characters of the novel with reference to the central
theme of the text.
● Think about and discuss Indian fiction in relation to cultural and critical contexts.
● Any other Practical/Practice as decided from time to time
ESSENTIAL READINGS:
● Bankim Chandra Chatterjee: Anandamath (English translation by Sri Aurobindo and
Barindra K Ghosh)
● Chaman Nahal: Azadi. Houghton Mifflin publication, 1975
● E. M. Forster: Aspects of the Novel
89
SUGGESTED READINGS:
1. Srinivasa Iyengar, K. R. Indian Writing in English. India, Sterling Publishers, 1987.

2. Naik, M. K. A History of Indian English Literature. India, SahityaAkademi, 1982.
3. Nayar, Pramod K. The Indian Graphic Novel: Nation, History and Critique. India, Taylor
& Francis, 2016.
4. Gopal, Priyamvada. The Indian English Novel: Nation, History, and Narration. United
Kingdom, Oxford University Press, 2009.
Assessment Methods*
Internal Assessment: 25%
End Semester Theory Exam: 25%
Practical: 50%
*Subject to directions from the Examination Branch/University of Delhi from time to time
90
भारतीय भिक्त परं परा और मानव मल्

ू य
Code Criteria of the Course
Lecture Tutorial Practical/Practice
भारतीय भि त 02 1 0 1 Pass in NIL
परंपरा और मानव Class 12th
मल्
ू य
COURSE OBJECTIVES
● भारतीय भक्ति की महान परं परा, प्राचीनता और इसके अखिल भारतीय स्वरूप से छात्रों का
परिचय कराना
● भारतीय भक्ति परं परा के माध्यम से छात्रों में मानव मल्
ू यों और गुणों को जगाकर उनका
चारित्रिक विकास करना और एक अच्छे मनष्ु य का निर्माण करना ।
● छात्रों को भारतीय नैतिक, सांस्कृतिक और सामाजिक मल् ू यों के प्रति जागरूक करना ।
● भारतीय भक्ति परं परा के माध्यम से राष् ीयता और अखिल भारतीयता की भावना जागत ृ
करना।
LEARNING OUTCOMES
● भारतीय भक्ति परं परा के माध्यम से छात्रों में मानव मल्

ू यों और गुणों को विकास होगा और वे
एक अच्छे और चरित्रवान मनष्ु य बन सकें गे ।
● भारतीय भक्ति परं परा के सांस्कृतिक और सामाजिक पक्षों की जानकारी हो सकेगी।
● भक्ति की प्राचीनता और अखिल भारतीय स्वरूप की जानकारी से राष् ीयता और अखिल
भारतीयता की भावना जागत ृ और मजबत ू होगी।
● प्रमख
ु भक्त कवियों का परिचय और उनके विचारों की जानकारी हो सकेगी।
91
SYLLABUS
Unit I: भारतीय भि त परं परा
भक्ति: अर्थ और अवधारणा

भक्ति के विभिन्न संप्रदाय और सिद्धांत
भारत की सांस्कृतिक एकता और भक्ति
भक्ति का अखिल भारतीय स्वरूप
ु भक्त और उनके विचार

Unit II: भारत के कुछ प्रमख
संत तिरुवल्लवु र , आण्डाल, अक्कमहादे वी, ललद्यद , मीराबाई, तल ु सीदास,

कबीरदास, रै दास, गरु
ु नानक, स र
ू दास, जायसी, त क
ु ाराम, नामदे व, नरसिंह मेहता,
वेमना, कंु चन, नम्बियार, चैतन्य महाप्रभ,ु चंडीदास, सारला दास, शंकरदे व
ू य और भक्ति
Unit III: मानव मल्
मानव मल्
ू य का अर्थ
चयनित भक्त कवियों की जीवन मल्
ू यपरक कविताएँ
● पाठ्य म में उल्लिखित कवियों में से किसी एक कवि की रचनाओं में विभिन्न मानव मल् ू यों के आधार
पर प्रोजेक्ट
● वर्तमान समय में भक्ति की प्रासंगिकता को समझना; सर्वे और साक्षात्कार पद्धति के आधार पर.
● जीवन में मानव मल् ू यों के प्रतिपालन पर सर्वे और साक्षात्कार के आधार पर एक रिपोर्ट बनाना.
● उल्लिखित कवियों में से किसी एक कवि से संबधि ं त किसी मठ, आ म या मंदिर आदि, अथवा कोई
फिल्म/ डॉक्यमु ें ी के आधार पर रिपोर्ट बनाना.
● आवश्यक हो, तो छात्र प्रोजेक्ट रिपोर्ट के रूप में अपने अनभ

ु व साझा करें
Essential Readings
● ‘भक्ति का उद्भव और विकास तथा वैष्णव भक्ति के विविध रूप’, भारतीय साहित्य का समेकित
इतिहास, संपादक- डॉ नगें द्र, हिंदी माध्यम कार्यान्वयन निदे शालय, दिल्ली विश्वविद्यालय,
दिल्ली, पष्ृ ठ संख्या 215-250
● कुछ प्रमख
ु कवियों के चयनित पद
● ‘भक्ति आंदोलन और भक्ति काव्य’, शिव कुमार मि , अभिव्यक्ति प्रकाशन, इलाहाबाद, 1994
● ू य और साहित्य’, डॉ धर्मवीर भारती, भारतीय ज्ञानपीठ, नई दिल्ली,1999
‘मानव मल्
92
Suggested Readings:
● ‘भि त के आयाम’, डॉ. पी. जयरामन, वाणी काशन, नई द ल

● ‘ हंद सा ह य का इ तहास’, आचाय रामचं शु ल, लोक भारती काशन, इलाहाबाद
● ‘मध्यकालीन हिंदी काव्य का स्त्री पक्ष', डॉ. पन ू म कुमारी, अनामिका पब्लिशर्स एंड
डिस् ीब्यट
ु र्स, नई दिल्ली
● 'मध्यकालीन हिंदी भक्ति काव्य: पन ु र्मूल्यांकन के आयाम', डॉ. पन
ू म कुमारी, अनामिका
पब्लिशर्स एंड डिस् ीब्यटु र्स , नई दिल्ली
Assessment Methods*

Practical: 50%
93
Political Science: Constitutional Values and Fundamental Duties
Constitutional 02 1 0 1 Pass in NIL
Values and Class 12th
Fundamental
Duties
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
● Enrich students with knowledge and relevance of the Constitution.
● Develop awareness about Duties and Values.
● Inculcate a sense of Constitutionalism in thought and action.
LEARNING OUTCOMES:
● Understand the Constitution and its relevance
● Appreciate the values and goals embedded in the Constitution.
● Recognise the importance of Fundamental Duties enshrined in the Constitution.
● Apply the spirit of fundamental values and duties in everyday national life.
Syllabus of Constitutional Values and Fundamental Duties
Unit I: The Constitution of India – an Introduction
● Federal Republic, Rule of Law, Separation of Powers

● Sovereignty, Socialism, Democracy
● Secularism and Sarva Dharma Sama Bhava
Unit II: Constitutional Values
● Justice: Social, Political, Economic

● Liberty: Thought, Expression, Belief, Faith, Worship
● Equality : Equality before law & equal application of laws
● Fraternity: Dignity, Unity and Integrity
94
Unit III: Fundamental Duties
● Reflecting on the ancient Indian notions of righteousness and

duty consciousness
● Fundamental Duties- Article 51A [(a) – (k)]
● Legal status of Fundamental Duties - Judicial approach
● Reflections on some of the constitutional values/ fundamental duties and its

contemporary relevance in day-to-day national life through group discussions and
projects.
● Conduct workshops to spread awareness on the Fundamental Duties and Values.
● Students are required to conduct a survey (minimum 25 respondents) on assessing the
awareness of the constitutional duties amongst the citizens.
● Students may share their experiences on Fundamental Duties and Values in the form
of a Project Report.
ESSENTIAL READINGS
● Preamble to the Constitution of India, 1950.
● The Constitution of India, Articles - 14, 19, 21.
● The Constitution of India, Fundamental Duties [Ar. 51 A (a) – (k)].
SUGGESTED READINGS
● Durga Das Basu, et al., Introduction to the Constitution of India (LexisNexis, 26th
edn, 2022).
● Leila Seth, We, the Children of India: The Preamble to Our Constitution (New
Delhi, Puffin Books, Penguin Books India, 2010).
● Mahendra Pal Singh, V.N. Shukla's Constitution of India, (Eastern Book Company,
Lucknow, 13th revised edn. 2017)
● B.R. Ambedkar Selected Speeches, (Prasar Bharati, New Delhi, 2019) available at:
https://prasarbharati.gov.in/whatsnew/whatsnew_653363.pdf.
Assessment Methods*
Practical: 50%
95
Sanskrit - Yoga: Philosophy and Practice
Yoga: Philosophy 02 1 0 1 Pass in NIL
and Practice Class 12th
Course Objectives
● To learn the fundamentals of Yoga for harmonising the body, mind and emotions.
● To demonstrate the value and the practice of holistic living.
● To value the heritage of Yoga for self and society.
Learning Outcomes
● Understanding ways to harmonise the body and mind through Yoga.
● Disciplining the mind through practicing Yoga.
● Understanding of consciousness through practical training.
Syllabus of Yoga: Philosophy and Practice
Unit I: Yoga: Asana, Prāṇāyāma and Dhyana
● History of Yoga
● Significance of Asana
● Effect of Praṇayama
● Importance of Dhyana
Unit II: Patanjali’s Yogasūtra and Chakra
● Patanjali’s Yogasūtra: a summary

● First sutra
● Second sutra
● Chakras (psychic centres)
96
Unit III: Understanding Asana and Pranayama
● Asana: the basics
● SuryaNamaskara
● Nadishodhana Praṇayama
● Surya Namaskar
● Selected Asana
● Praṇayama
● Relaxation exercises for the eyes (7 steps) neck (4 steps)
● Concentration on Bhrumadhya
● Project Work (effect of everyday concentration on breath for 15 minutes: reflections

to be compiled in the form of a Project report.
Essential Readings
● Āsanas, Prāṇāyāmaand Mudra Bandh , Swami SatyanandaSaraswati, Yoga

Publications Trust, Munger, Bihar, India, 2004.
● Patanjali Yogasutras, Commentary by Swami Vivekanand, Rajyoga
Suggested Readings
● PatanjalYog Pradeep- Swami OmanandSaraswati, Gita Press, Gorakhpur, 2013.
● Science of Pranayama-Swami Sivananda, Edition by David De Angellis, 2019, All

Rights Reserved.
● Udayveer Shastri Granthavali,4, Patanjal- Yoga Darshanam, Udayavir Shastri,

Govindram Hasanand, Delhi 6.
Assessment Methods*

Practical: 50%
*Subject to directions from
the Examination Branch/University of Delhi from time to time
97

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Scheme of Examination and Courses of

Reading for B.A. (Prog.) based on NEP

SCHOOL OF OPEN LEARNING

Syllabus Applicable for the students seeking admission to

MAJOR : Paper-I DSC-1 (A/B)

1. Economics: Basic Mathematics for Economic Analysis

• Course Abbreviation : BMEA

• Duration (per week): 4 hours (3 Lectures + 1 tutorial)

• Unit 1 : Economic Models

• Chiang, A and Wainwright, K. (2005). Fundamental methods of mathematical economics. Boston,

• Course Assessment: Internal Assessment - 25, Final Examination - 75

2. Education: Education in Contemporary India (DSC Al)

MM: 100 (External: 75 Internal: 25)

• Govinda, R and M, Bandyopadhyay.(2011). Access to Elementary Education: Analytical

Credit: 4 (3 Theory+1 Tutorial/Internal Assessment)

b) ‘The Temptation of Karna’, Book 5, Udyog Parva, Section CXL-CXLVI.

c) ‘Krishna’s Peace Proposal’, Book 5, Udyog Parva, Section LXXXIX-CXXXI

2. Kalidasa. Abhijnanasakuntalam, trans. Chandra Rajan, in Kalidasa: The Loom of Time.

3. Ilango Atikal. ‘The Book of Vanci’, Cilappatikaram. trans. R. Parthasarathy (Columbia

5. Venkatachalapathy, R. ‘Introduction’, Love Stands Alone: Selections from Tamil Sangam

Course Objective (2-3)

[%cf)" ffr,::rn ct �cf5Tff 31�

Course Learning Outcomes

(z-i?.-4 : ��. � �, i:fl�)

5. History : Ancient Societies

Essential Readings and Unit wise Teaching outcome:

6. Mathematics: Elements of Discrete Mathematics

Unit 1: Sets, Relations and Functions

Unit 3: Boolean Algebra and Switching Circuits

7. Political Science : Public Administration in India

Course Learning Outcomes

Unit 1. Indian Administration

Unit 2. Decentralization and Local Self Governance

Unit 4. Technology and Public Administration in India

Unit 6. Issues and Debates in Indian Administration

Unit wise reading list

Unit 1. Indian Administration

8. Sanskrit : Sanskrit Poetry

[A] Course Objectives:

[B] Course Learning Outcomes:

[C] Course Contents

[E] Assessment Methods:

i. Translation-3 (from unit I to III) 03 x 04 = 12

Internal Assessment (Project/Discussion/Assignment/ paper

Total Marks: (I+II) (75+25) = 100

9. Urdu : Study of Modern Poetry-I

1. Nazeer Akbarabadi – Muflisi, Banjaranama (Matn ki Tadrees)

1. Economics : Introductory Microeconomics

• Course Code : ECON001

• Course Abbreviation : MICRO1

Unit 1 : Introduction to economic trade-offs

– Mankiw, N. G. (2018). Principles of Microeconomics 8th ed.

• Course Assessment: Internal Assessment - 25, Final Examination - 75

2. Education : Basic Concept and Ideas in Education

MM: l00 (External: 75 Internal: 25)

• Understand various theoretical concepts in education.

Unit-1: Basic Ideas in Education

Unit 2: Understanding Education and Society (5 weeks)

• Education and Socialisation: Agencies of Socialisation-Home, Family, Community,

Unit 3: Thinkers in Education (4 weeks)

Each thinker is to be studied with reference to their perspectives on education.

Suggested Projects/ Assignments (Any Two)

• Barrow, R., & Milburn G. (1986) A critical dictionary of educational concepts: An