DEEPER LIFE HIGH SCHOOL

THIRD TERM EXAMINATION 2020/2021 SESSION

HISTORY JS1 Time: 1HOUR 40 MINUTES
INSTRUCTION: Answer all questions in section A and three questions in
section B
SECTION A (Objective Test: Choose the correct option a-d)
1. The subject that studies past events and human affairs in a society is
_______________ (a) Mathematics (b) Yoruba (c) Basic Science (d) History
2. Which of these can serve as a record for history? (a) scroll (b) stone (c) stick
(d) sand
3. Which of the following is a famous Nigerian historian? (a) Pa Ayo Adeojo
(b) Pastor W.F Kumuyi (c) Prof. Ade Ajayi (d) Professor Wole Soyinka
4. A person who studies history is called a/an ______________ (a) historian
(b) archaeologist (c) anthropologist (d) sociologist
5. History is always more factual than story telling because (a) there is no truth
in story (b) story telling can be frictional at times (c) story telling is all about
the future (d) story is mainly the account of the past
6. There are ____________ major sources of history (a) one (b) two (c) three
(d) four
7. A _______________ source is an original item such as an image, document,
or artifact which provides evidence about the past (a) voluntary (b) primary
(c) secondary (d) tertiary
8. ________________ sources are first hand materials that show the original
proofs or evidences of the event(s) of the period under study (a) voluntary
(b) primary (c) secondary (d) tertiary
9. The most important source of history is ____________ (a) nursery sources
(b) primary sources (c) secondary sources (d) tertiary sources
10. _____________ is an account of people that have been passed from one
generation to another through the words of mouth. (a) Testimony (b) Eye
witness (c) Oral tradition (d) Revelation
11. The people of Benin speak __________ language. (a) Edo (b) Efik (c) Ijaw
(d) Ilaje
12. History had it that Benin people came from _________ before finally
settling in their present location (a) Mecca (b) Cameroun (c) Ajah (d) Egypt
13. The king of Benin is known and addressed as the __________ (a) Edaikhen
(b) Oba (c) Iyatshere (d) Ezama
14. Benin people have a unique culture which can be seen in their ________ and
___________ (a) art works/way of life (b) food/taking (c)
relationship/warfare (d) education/occupation
15. Most of the artworks of Benin were looted by ________ during the British
expedition of _________ (a) Asians/1904 (b) Europeans/1897 (c)
France/1897 (d) Soldiers/1967
16. Benin people are good in _____________ and _________ (a) cloth
weaving/tailoring (b) cloth dyeing/fishing (c) ivory carving/wood work (d)
all of the above
17. Notable festivals celebrated by Benin people include ___________ and
___________ (a) Igue/Eho (b) Ogun/Sango (c) Olojo/Ogun (d) none of the
above
18. Benin people had perfected the use of _________ and _________ before the
advent of Europeans (a) gold/staff (b) brass/bronze (c) copper/silver (d)
weaving/mining
19. The only culture that has ivory is the _________ culture. (a) Ijaw (b) Ife (c)
Ishan (d) Benin
20. The symbol of FESTAC ’77 was the _________Ivory mask. (a) Oron (b)
Benin (c) Idoma (d) Nok
21. Igbo Ukwu is a historical town located in __________ state (a) Imo (b)
Delta (c) Ebonyi (d) Anambra
22. Igbo Ukwu is a famous town because of the presence of ____________ sites
in it. (a) new traditional (b) traditional (c) archaeological (d) gold
23. Membership of village assembly in Igboland comprises of all ____________
members. (a) circumcised male (b) initiated male (c) adult male (d) eldest
male
24. The three Igbo Ukwu archaeological sites were named after the ________
brothers who owned the compound where artifacts were dug up (a) Richard
(b) Anozie (c) Isaiah (d) John
25. Igbo Jonah was a ____________ (a) disposal pit (b) gold workshop (c)
copper mine (d) gold mine
26. The three archaeological sites were excavated by Prof__________ (a) Bob
Benson (b) Leo Frobenins (c) Thurston Shaw (d) Lord Lugard
27. Igbo Richard was a _________ (a) gold mine (b) burial chamber (c) shrine
(d) coastal area
 28. The three Igbo Ukwu sites were excavated in ____________ (a) 1939 (b)
1928 (c) 1910 (d) 1905
29. Igbo Isaiah was a ____________ where rituals were carried out (a) forest (b)
kidnappers’ den (c) shrine (d) cult
30. Igbo Ukwu people are predominantly ___________ and ________________
rearers. (a) nomadic/snail (b) farmers/cattle (c) traders/pig (d) all of the
above
31. The state in which authority was centred on an individual or group of

individuals, which were made up of large political units covering large towns
refers to ______________ (a) organized state (b) centralized state (c)
democratic state (d) decentralized state
32. Which of the following are common in the centralized states in pre-colonial

Nigeria? ______________ (a) tax and tributes (b) money and commercial
banks (c) railways (d) sea ports and ships
33. _______________ is a good example of acephalous society in pre-colonial

Nigeria. (a) Hausa state (b) Kanem Borno empire (c) Igbo (d) Oyo empire
34. _______________ is a good example of cephalous society in pre-colonial

Nigeria. (a) nomads (b) Asante empire (c) Igbo (d) Oyo empire
35. The following are examples of centralized states in pre-colonial Nigeria, except

__________ (a) Hausa state (b) Kanem Borno empire (c) Igbo (d) Oyo empire
36. Centralised states in pre-colonial Nigeria can be divided into _____________

groups. (a) three (b) four (c) two (d) five

37. Hausa states consist of about ________ states. (a) seven (b) fourteen (c) twenty-

one (d) thirty

38. The following belong to the Hausa legitimate states, except ______________

(a) Kwararafa (b) Zaria (c) Kano (d) Katsina

39. The following are Hausa illegitimate states, except ______________ (a)

Kwararafa (b) Zaria (c) Nupe (d) Ilorin

40. One of the origins of Hausa states was traced to ______________ (a)

Olamiyan (b) Bayajida (c) Zamfara (d) Zuma

41. Another name for Kenem Borno empire is ___________ (a) Gwoza empire (b)

Kanuri empire (c) Birni Empire (d) Bama Empire

42. In Kanem Borno Empire, the king took the title ‘Mai’ meaning _________ (a)

Origin of life and death (b) The mighty one (c) Death is inevitable (d) Born to
rule
43. The following are the countries Kanem Borno Empire spread over at its peak,

except _________ (a) Nigeria (b) Cameroon (c) Sudan (d) Niger
44. The seat of the first Kanem-Borno Empire was in _____________ (a)

Nigeria (b) Cameroon (c) Sudan (d) Chad republic

45. The Kanem-Borno Empire reached its peak during the reign of _________ (a)

Mai IdrisAlooma (b) Mai Ibrahim. Shehu Umar (c) Mai Yerima (d) Mai
Kaigama
46. Nupe people ar skilled in the following, except _________________ (a)

boatmen (b) fishermen (c) craftmen (d) horsemen

47. Nupe had _____________ chiefdom or autonomous villages. (a) twelve (b)
fourteen (c) twenty-one (d) thirty
48. The system of government and administration in Nupe was centred around the

_______ (a) Sarki (b) Oba (c) Etsu (d) Igwe

49. _____________ town was the capital city of Nupe. (a) Kwara (b) Bida (c)
Ogoja (d) Lokoja
50. The vassal states of Nupe kingdom were called “Outsiders” or ____________

(a) Zazikati (b) Bida (c) Kanji (d) Lokoja

51. Oyo Empire came into prominence in the ________ (a) 15th century (b) 12th

century (c) 11th century (d) 13th century

52. The monarchical system of government in Oyo Empire was formed around

powerful Obas with the title of ____________ (a) Alaafin (b) Baale (c)
Oyomesi (d) Bashorun
53. In Oyo empire, the kingmakers were known as _______________(a) Alaafin

(b) Baale (c) Oyomesi (d) Bashorun

54. The Ogboni was the judiciary arm of the Oyo government who acted as

_____________ on the powers of the Alaafin and Oyomesi. (a) checks and

balances (b) manipulators (c) decision makers (d) agents of doom

55. In Oyo Empire, a stubborn Alaafin can be removed from power by

presenting to him ________ (a) an empty egg (b) a rotten egg (c) a broken

calabash (d) an empty calabash

56. The Commander-in-chief of Oyo army was known as _____________ (a)

Alaafin (b) Baale (c) Are-Onakakanfo (d) Bashorun

57. The following are the factors that led to the decline of Igala kingdom, except

__________ (a) breaking up of IgalaMela (b) attack by the Fulanis (c)

western education (d) separated life of the Attah
58. The following states were founded by Jukun kingdom, except
_____________ (a) Gongola (b) Pindiga (c) Wukari (d) Kona
59. The following factors led to the rise of the Jukun kingdom, except

___________ (a) precious Minerals (b) geographical Location (c) system of

taxation (d) system of education
60. Oyo kingdom was one of the kingdoms founded by the sons of

___________ (a) Bayajida (b) Eli (c) Oduduwa (d) Attah

SECTION B (ESSAY)
PART 1
Instruction: Answer just one question from this section
1a.What is history? (2 marks)
b. Mention the three sources of history. (3 marks)
c. Outline three reasons for studying history in schools. (3 marks)
d. List two examples of primary source of history. (2 marks)

2a. List four of the occupational activities of the Benin culture (4marks)
b. Identify three significances of Benin Culture (3marks)
c. State three characteristics of Benin Culture (3marks)

PART 2
Instruction: Answer all questions in this section.
1a. What do you understand by centralised states? (2 marks)
(b) Mention at least six examples of centralized states in the pre-colonial Nigeria.
(3 marks)
(c) State three characteristics of centralized state (3 marks)
(d) Mention the two categorize of Centralised States in Pre-Colonial Nigeria.
(2mks)

2a. Highlight three factors responsible for growth and development of Hausa
kingdom. (3 marks)
b. The Old Oyo Empire was structurally organised, which helped the empire to
reach its height of power in the 18 th century. Mention three of the political
structure. (3 marks)
c. Mention four out of the seven key settlements that constituted the ancient Calabar states.
(4 marks)
 DEEPER LIFE HIGH SCHOOL
THIRD EXAMINATION 2019/2020 SESSION
HISTORY JS1

MARK GUIDE
OBJECTIVE SECTION

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
D A C A B C B B B C

11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
A D B A B C A B D B

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
D C D B A C B A C B

31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
B A C D C C B A B B

41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
B A C D A D A C B A

51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
A A C A D C C A D A

SECTION B (ESSAY)
1a. What is history?
Answer: History can be defined as a subject which studies past events and human
affairs in a society.
OR
History can also be referred to as the study of the past, to shape the present in order
to ascertain or reflect on the future.
OR

It can also be defined as man’s attempt to describe and interpret the past. History
therefore is a dialogue between the present and the past. (2 marks for any of the
above correct definition)
b. Mention the three sources of history.
Answer: i. Primary sources of history
ii. Secondary sources of history
iii. Tertiary Sources (1 mark for each correct answer making 3 marks)
c. Outline three reasons for studying history in schools.
Answer: i. To remind the new generation of their heroes and heroines
ii. To enable people to amend their past mistakes
iii. To help trace individuals to their roots.
iv. To serve as a control measure for individual or groups to avoid past mistakes
v. To give people positive thinking on how to deal with conflict among nations and
individual
vi. To provide us valuable insight for a better future generation
vii. To instill strong ideas and give room for positive thinking.
d. List two examples of primary source of history. (1 mark for each correct answer
making 3 marks)
d. List two examples of primary source of history.
Answer: i. Oral tradition
ii. Artefacts
iii. Legends
iv. Folklores
v. Archival Materials (1 mark each for any two of the above
points making 2 marks)

2a. List four of the occupational activities of the Benin culture

Answer: i. Bronze casting
ii. Blacksmith
iii. Carving
iv. Farming (1 mark each making 4 marks)

b. Identify three significances of Benin Culture

Answer: i. The ability of Benin Empire to govern its expanded territories that
extended beyond Lagos to modern day Ghana, without taking over the daily of the
affairs of conquered territories, shows that federalism is not new in Nigeria.

ii. Its ability to exhibit advance craft work without the input of western countries
shows that Nigeria can take care of its technological needs at its own pace without
foreign influence.
iii. Its ability to meet its domestic food needs shows that self-sufficiency in food
production is possible, if we take the necessary steps.
iv. The description of Benin by Europeans as a city that was comparable with
European city like Amsterdam, shows that without foreign intervention, Nigeria
wouldn’t have been a third world country as it is today.
v. The accommodation of non-natives, even at the royal city shows that Nigerians
love one another and can live together in people. (1 mark each for any three of the
above points making 3 marks)
c. State three characteristics of Benin Culture
Answer: i. Benin art are highly decorative with coral beads
1. Benin art and culture is the only art and culture that has ivory.
2. Benin art and sculptures are mostly royal figures (court arts) e.g. Oba,
chiefs, warriors, etc.
3. They have beaded necks with marks of royalty in their female head
styles.
4. Some of their art works reveal the invasion of British soldiers
5. Benin art was dated to be around 14 th-15th centuries. (1 mark each for
any three of the above points making 3 marks)

PART 2
1a. What do you understand by centralised states?
Answer: The term “centralised state” refers to states in which authority was
centred on an individual or group of individuals, which were made up of large
political units covering large towns and in some cases thousands of square
kilometres, e.g. Oyo Empire Etc. (2 marks)

(b) Mention at least six examples of centralized states in the pre-colonial

Nigeria.
Answer: Examples of centralized states
i. Hausa states
ii. Kanem /Bornu empire
iii. Nupe Kingdom
iv. Oyo Empire
v. Igala Kingdom
vi. Binin Empire
vii. Niger Delta states
viii. Old Calabar (Any six correct answers @ ½ mark each making 3 marks)
(c) State three characteristics of centralized state
Answer: i. Power is concentrated in an individual or group of individual
ii. Authority comes by consent or it is enforced
iii. There were powerful traditional rulers e,g. Obas, Emirs, Sultan,
Chiefs etc.
iv. Everybody is expected to obey the law with certain sanctions to
those who disobeyed
v. A standing police and military were usually kept to maintain security
and protection of the territory.
vi. Large geographical areas. They usually had elaborate land areas.
vii. There was a laid down procedures for leadership succession. This
may be through consent, oracle, votes or by law of primogenitor
(leadership by the eldest son)
6. There was usually a common economic system, state religion culture or
tradition that unifies everybody. (1 mark each for any three of the above
points making 3 marks)
(d) Mention the two categorize of Centralised States in Pre-Colonial Nigeria
Answer:
i. Northern Nigeria: Hausa States, Kanem Borno, Nupe kingdom, and Igala
Kingdom
ii. Southern Nigeria: Oyo Empire, Benin Empire, Niger Delta city states, and
Calabar (1 mark each for the two making 2 marks)

2a. Highlight three factors responsible for growth and development of Hausa
kingdom.
Answer: 1. Geographical location: Hausa states were located in the trade routes.
West Sudan and North Africa passed through Hausa States. Merchants and visitors
paid fees, this serves as a source of revenue
2. Soil fertility: Hausa states have fertile land located in savannah region good for
the cultivation of crops such as millet, groundnut guinea corn etc. some states were
also blessed with some solid minerals such as stones, iron, iron-ore that attracted
foreigners
3. Defence: Most Hausa states are surrounded with long, huge and mud walls like
Kano ,Rano Zaria etc. Hausa land also had a well-organized military outfit. This
contributed to the security of life and properties
4. Traditional Industries: The cultivation of cotton in Hausa states promoted
materials for clothing, weaving materials. Dyeing materials were provided by
indigo which promoted textile industries
5. Administrative competence: The Hausa states had a good administrative and
political organization. This leadership factor enhanced their growth.
6. Payment of taxes: Taxes were also collected from various economic activities.
Taxes such as jangali (cattle tax) (1 mark each for any three of the above points
making 3 marks)
b. The Old Oyo Empire was structurally organised, that helped the empire to
reach its height of power in the 18 th century. Mention three of the political
structure.
Answer:
i. The Alaafin (king):- The Alaafin was the head, divine and supreme overload of
the empire. He performed judicial, religious, legislative and executive functions.
ii. The Oyomesi (Kingmakers):- The Oyomesi were the seven highest principal
councillors of the Empire. They acted as the legislative arm of the government and
protected the empire. The Oyomesi through the leadership of the Bashorun could
remove a stubborn Alaafin from power by presenting to him an empty calabash.
iii. The Ogboni Cult:- The Ogboni was a secret society made up of prominent
religious leaders and juju priests. They were led by Oluwo (Ifa priest). The Ogboni
was the judiciary arm of the Oyo government who acted as checks and balances on
the powers of the Alaafin and Oyomesi.
iv. The Eso (Army):- The Eso or army was very strong and defended the empire.
The Are-Onakakanfo (the Commander-in-chief) was the head of the Eso. The army
was about seventy in number who were experienced military men.
v. Provincial Administration:- The vassal or conquered states paid homage to the
Alaafin. The vassal states had represented from the Alaafin and headed by military
leaders. (1 mark each for any three of the above points making 3 marks)
(c) Mention four out of the seven key settlements that constituted the ancient
Calabar states.
Answer: the seven key settlements that constituted the ancient Calabar states were
(are):
i. Iboku in the Duke town, Creek town, Cobham town, Eyamba town and
Henshaw town.
ii. Obutong in Old town
iii. Adiabo and Ibonda
iv. Aba, Eyen in Duke town
v. Usuk Akpa
vi. Enwan
 vii. Mbiabo in Mbiabo Edere
viii. Ikot Offiong and Ikoneto (1 mark each for any four of the above points
making 4 marks)

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