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Pros. lying Aweadans.. Concha Bibiogre phy. ‘Table of contentsAbstract “This extended essay isthe study of the extent to Which the English language isthe leading language in commercial aviation. The study survey the history of aviation and the consequences for language use. The scope and methodology’ of the recerch was the research of the first ight and the first commercial flight. Also, «primary source was sed since T interviewed s pilot ofa national compan, @ Spanish one to give me points ‘of view more indepth of the topic. This was then combined with my own knowledge of. the top. Eventually reaching tothe conclusions shat English i he lading language since it was United States the pioneer of commercial aviation end because nowadays isthe most spoken language around the word. However, i isnot the only one used. Spanish and French are also common within airplanes.Introduction ‘The dream of societies even from the times when humans lived in caves hasbeen to be ble to fly. We have wanted tobe abl to do wht birds do, We always looked and look beyond our capacity and dream for rd things to achiev, People even tried to design human wings based on bird ones but hat id not work since ‘our body itis not prepared to fly as osher animals do. We were just not designed by nature todo it But it was a dream that o one was going to forget and started becoming more popular uring centuries. Even, itis something that stars from the inf of everyene and that rover ends “This desie to fly transformed on the dsie of wanting to fly tobe able to travel around the word since atthe beginning was only a dream for wanting to see the world from above, “This extended essay is based on aviation since in my surounding [have hid alot of Influence on this and T have always had a curiosity of how i all stared, why developed to where it snow and why éo pilots use mostly English and not any’ ther language, as the main language of each country. ‘Some arguments are going to be exposed inthe analysis o suppor the fact othe use of ‘the English within this topic and some example willbe given to back to argument Even the experience of plot will be sdAnalysis ‘This was achieved by the human society in 1903 by the Wright Brothers in United Sates! They were pioneers on fying. But this didnt cant passengers anc the rest of society also wanted to ty it Indeed, only ten years before commercial igh stared. (Commercial aviation refers to the caring of passengers or of cargo. However | am {going to focus on commercial Might that cary mostly passengers. Impresively, that stated nearly a century ago, “The frst fight that took place the first of January of 1974 in, unpredictably, United ‘States was a revolutionary and expensive moment in time. Only Beng one passenger carrier but it impressed the whole weld. And expensive because it cost he passenger, ‘who was the man that offered the mos, four hundred dolars of hat time that would be auivalent to five thousand dollars of today. The Tanguage used inthis fight was of ‘course not other than English that was because it was in United Stats, an English speaking country? ‘rom that moment in time commercial lights started being more popular asthe years went over and since it was developing, there were more technological innovations, the "ag tnoinaiaitops aca, (12Noverte2072) ° Fi Ela Cena copie 2009, et ihc oe, ape incl en insomnia, (12Novembe/202)‘maximum capacity of pasengrs that Might could have aso increased. Nowadays, 2 plane can carry & maximum of around the quantity of eight hundred passengers. This i an impressive gue i we think abou he fact that ial stared beng only of one asenge apa, ‘The revolution for lying was all round the world and more and more counties stated {0 rete throm altns or fo work with tins of eter counties This meant ha ‘more languages stared being around the commercial aviation work, But, few people spoke English, even nowadays the maory of the world population does but nt everyone speaks and each county used its own language. Actually, aviation i one ofthe reasons tht could be considerate for the spread of he English language around the world. Even, inside the own aviation companies of commercial Might the English hasbeen sted as eng language not very longa. "nad an interview with pilot ofthis time and he til remembers when he stated fying 454 commercial pilot in Spin and everything was in Spis, tha it was only fourtecn yes ago. He also remembers tht not every language was used. There were only tree leading ones that can ook lotto ws now sine righ now thee is only one. The hee languages were English, French and Spanish, Alo, he real that when cal started being in English since aroand the world it stated being the leading language wasnt so ‘ch time ago, fifteen years ago. (Interview number 1) ‘However, it all started with @ plane, a company and a language. But globalization has played. great role in the world and in aviation.Nowadays, one of the most important ways to travel around the world crossing the ovtans, and quicker ways, ae the aiplanes. There have been working for neatly = ‘entury. And people se them ll around the wor Also, he people who wodk inside have tobe taken in consideration, Since English isthe leading language but ther languages are also used and everyone can havea diferent smother iongue. Actually, tere are two groups in which we can separate the uhoe ew and tek about each one in more detail abou their se ofthe English. These to separate groups are the plots and the flying asendants, Both of thm are worldly known for What they do but just is ease I would doa brief summary foreach on.Pilots Pilots are nonnally three to four in a fight, normally two of them carry it and the rest are for support. Maybe when carry itis sid, some people imagine » peson really Akiving it as car. Bt planes do not work wih the hase technology that esse, its ite dificult to explain even find it very cult to understand it myself and in my family there sa greatintuence of vation, ‘But what I can say is hat for taking of lending and sometimes for turbulenes pilots us the Joystick but also some ofbotoms tha they have all round the cabin. And for the rest of the flight they use thse bottoms which ony they Know how they work ‘because there are a lot and there fictoning is ot simple, s ater complicated During their hard work, he language that they are expected to ue is English However, ‘they do not use it all the time, well this depends on the individual and wat is their mother tongue. ‘This main language is wsed now all around the word by all the companies, itn, existing. For example, all the manuals that they have and sein the cabin and the labels of all the ‘equipment i in English, ‘Then, the language used inthe eadio when communicating with the conto towers is ‘mostly English. Sometimes, another language is used, this ean slightly vary dependingon the country, but not only on the country where the aie i fom, alo fom the country the plan is going ‘As an example in some or more of les most of the South American counties the language spoken by the rower contol and the pilots is Spanish, of atleast when the company i from another Spanish speaking county Commodity als enters hee, since for two people with their strong language being Spanish is easier to communicate in that language. And that argument ean be taken to cone of the thre languages or maybe to French and Spanish since English 1s the compulsory one. ‘Another argument is tht checklists that are gone shrough before taking over and landing Sometimes also varies on the language are done with, OF course, they ar all of them in English but they are not always said in his language {A regional sitine of Spain can be used for this argument. Iberia, most ofthe pilots, since in tis airline young pilots are not common, are ot characterized ty having & strong root of English because the main language around the world in general as not always been this on. So these checklists are sometimes done in Spanish, but of course they ar always done “This brings another argument. The age of the pilots of eourse when the pli alder ‘more experience therefore is beter but since before English was not the leading Janguage thete are some who donot know English as much English asa plo formating row. Also, it can be said hat when it comes to communication with othe countries ————————————————————————younger plots wil beable to communicate better since most of them have & higher level of English But of course what they know is what they need t0 know, the requirements are always fl led | had anche interview withthe pilot mentioned before and he nated 19 me the eccasin, a couple of years ago, when the company waned to cross out he image of ‘bern pilots havng af evel of English and not being skilled enough nthe fngsage of English for what they ad do, The company forced al the pilots whish are the most important of the crew io have a competent level of English because ae the ones who communicate with the tower and oer departments ofthe airports tobe able ly, to take an aviation est. This is done o check the level of English focusing on what they se oma dail bass when working, fying. Caan Sancho Vilnove sid tht he Kew ‘what he had to know, hat he was prepared fori and e was secure that he was going 0 pas since hei perfectly able to communist in English nhs work He dt ha to study because for more than baa the month that sor what hey have to work, Hey are using that langage and going through all the important terms you ougt fo kno there is no need for revise. Ofcourse | didnot sk him if he did pas or not because 1 could guess the ansner and as he was aching the end onthe try he fray essued that e had passed it wth no problem. (Interview number 2) “Ther is also to mention the spel om or terms that are used in aviation, which i also used for other matters as in military maters. These tems are called the NATO phonetic alphabet and its based onthe English language since when it was set it was already the leang language around the world. This shows the importance end the role{ht Fnglich plays in the gosumaninton within avin. hie spake wont of tha ed later ofthe ral alphabet hes name 0 i oro ndertand whe dare is the ncod oF giving detail, as the mame of whe plans, BE maae of the sion srl -oeetinaes* "hv alphabets very cesar plot when working, "They have so incmporat in ei vias tat they ever use in a egulr bas the ives outside he ple. * nee mt es powermt) (:8Nesemer 212)Flying Attendants Inthe other part of the plane that it used, not including where the cargo goes is where fying attendants work, They sere and attend the passengers Also, they give announcements and program any communigué or movie that i shown in the televisions ‘tha there are around the plane. The languages that they have to use are nomally two tut there are sometimes required thre, mores better. For example, the company used already before for anotber example was Iberia, = leading company inthis county, Spain. The language tat of course fs mosly used i English but when there isan announcement fom the crew toward the passengers i is atthe one in English and in mos times in he spoken language ofthe country wher moment, normally between Spanish and French. They use thes three main languages. [English asthe principal one, Spanish and sometimes French, as sd before depending ‘on the country where ti, the two languages, Spanish and French, vary. [Also, the movies and communiqué that are displayed are compulsory in English and then mostly in Spanish asthe second language. Eventually, in Tbecia Spanish is treated 4 the fis language since its Spanish company and English a a second language wen it comes tothe we ofthe language of ying attendants. However this is Iberian airline fom Spain so therefore the language ts: mostly tse from Spanish and French is Spanish [ooIn general in othe lines, the main language is ofcourse English and then a second language is sometimes use and it ean change depending on the aitine and on the county Something toad is that the manuals that te ying atendant have and we, a6 the pilots, are in English. That i an assurance that every single one of them is ale to use ‘this language fr their work Also, the test thatthe pilosa 10 doin Toeia as Captain Sancho Villanova told us, it as not required sine i is not that important ther work when everything goesall ght ‘OF couse, the difference ofmportance between the two diffrent jobs that exis in he plane during he gis because ofthe studies and preparation tha each one i required to have andthe responsibility that each one cares. Pilots are required tke studies necessary, where fying atendats are only equted odo course. Then pias carry in thei hands and thee conscience much more responsibility since they carry the plane and responsible forthe funetioning ofthe plane ‘This is why, for example in Iberia omly the pilots were forced to take tis test that ‘measured their evel of English basing ton wha they need fo their job Something to add is the, before mentioned, NATO phonetic alphabe, because of the ‘communication becween these two groups pills and ying attendant, yng attendants normally also know and use it because it god and quick way todo itConclusion In conclusion, aviation stated nat long ago and has stsid the desire of hunans tobe ble to fly and see the ground from above, from the sky, going through the clouds In aviation, English is widely used by al eabin crew but there are some exceptions on ‘where it i used during the whole Might, this means tht itis not alway used the frst option. However, it is a compulsory language snd most of the information it is Aisplayed is in English (One of the reasons for this language being the lading one is that tall stated in United Sates, an English speaking country. If had been another country the pioneer of aviation and then there would be very posible thatthe leading language is avition ‘would be another language Also one ofthe reasons fer his beng the principal language in aviton i thst English isthe leading language inthe word she language with he greater quantity of people that speak it, So maybe if globalization and advance ding the years dil not put Englishes the ring language then the main langage in aviation could hve been another one. For example if the king language was Chinese or if inthe fture the [English was dethroned by this language or other then the language use as prncipal in jon would be diffrent or could change. It depends on the development and _lobalization, where it as cared us to and where it wil carry us inthe future, ‘Another argument used in the analysis is that sometimes depending on the strong language ofthe member of crow, the main language of the country where the 2ompany|s from and the language where the plane fies to i varies. However, only @ small quantity of ttle dts sable to change because i mot We would go back in ime when there was no common language, a6 Captain Sancho Villanova told us that he could remember from not sucha longtime ag. ‘Then the analysis was done differentiating the two diferent types of jobs thatare being done in a plane during a figh. Since the level of English can vary de to the requiremens that are asked for pits and flying atendans and the responsibilty that ‘ach one caries, Each group has the requirement to use a language more o es, But of ‘course, Enis s always required tobe used ‘Also, it was mentioned within the pilots, however, fying atendants alo lek Tiss the NATO phonetic alphabet which i based inthe English language. This isa very Jmporant argument to support he fet that Enlish as developed and ended a the iain language used in vition, The NATO alphabet hs that importance and i that, relative because it the way, its used to communicate It sa very’ signficat way within2 Bibliography Wetpases ig tg, wp ina isha Centon Ipshw Fgighuceienlal pees comet (120 vemer 2012) L opytig 2009, fest AighteentnniaLons, aig Phonetic Alb Tubes, up Za ors comcast bunt (15PNovemvex2012) Books CCrsbic, Dune, Heras del Ng) Maid, Grup iyi! Pru, 2008 Ilerviows Imeview nub 1, Capitan Antonio Sone Sah Willan of Ii ees Acrous September 2012 iutsiviowod by the scarce Ierview aunbue 2, Carian Ante Joss Sich Villanva of Theis Linces -Aéreat Qoob 2012, interviewed hy the rssarches