HISTORY OF SOUTH KOREA

 The name Korea is an exonym, although it was derived from a

historical kingdom name, Goryeo (Revised Romanization) or
Koryŏ (McCune–Reischauer). The word was transliterated as
“Cauli” in Italian and used by Marco Polo. The English words
“Corea” and then “Korea” came from this
transliteration.Goryeo was the shortened name officially
adopted by Goguryeo in the 5th century and the name of its
10th-century successor state Goryeo.

 Korea is a 750-mile-long (1,200-kilometer-long) peninsula

located in the easternmost part of the Asian continent. Today,
the country is split into South and North Korea, but in the
minds of most of its citizens, it remains a single nation that
cannot be divided.
 Korea has a long and complex history, with ancient kingdoms
dating back thousands of years. It was annexed by Japan in the
early 20th century but was liberated in 1945 following World
War II.

 The Korean War (1950-1953) resulted in the division of the

Korean Peninsula into North and South Korea, a division that
continues to this day.

 The Republic of South Korea was formally established with “

SYNGMAN RHEE “ as the First President.With the
establishment of Rhee’s government , South Korea was under
the JAPENESE RULE FROM 1910-1945.

 During the Japanese Occupation Period. (1910 - 1945)

Japan established the Police Administration Bureau
(1910) under the Governor-General in Choson.

ABOUT THE SOUTH KOREA

 The official name of South Korea is the Republic of Korea
(Daehan Minguk). That is because its government claims to be
in charge of the whole of Korea and does not recognize North
Korea as separate. The ROK government is headed by a
president, who is elected to a five-year term.
 South Korea has one of the strongest economies in Eastern
Asia. Most of its wealth comes from manufacturing and service
industries, such as banking. It exports ships, cars, computers,
and other electronic items.

 Geography: South Korea shares its northern border with

North Korea and is surrounded by the Yellow Sea to the west
and the Sea of Japan (East Sea) to the east the East China
Sea to the south, and the Yellow Sea to the west; to the
southeast it is separated from the Japanese Island
of Tsushima by the Korea Strait. . It has a diverse landscape,
including mountains, hills, plains, and numerous islands.

 South Korea can be divided into four general regions: an

eastern region of high mountain ranges and narrow coastal
plains; a western region of broad coastal plains, river basins,
and rolling hills; a southwestern region of mountains and
valleys; and a southeastern region dominated by the broad
basin of the Nakdong River.

 South Korea makes up about 45 percent of the peninsula’s land

area.

 Population: South Korea 2023 population is estimated

at 51,784,059 people at mid year, that is equivalent to 0.64% of
the total world of population.

 Language: The official language is Korean (Pyojuneo). English

is also widely taught and understood, especially in urban areas.

 Government: South Korea is a democratic republic with a

presidential system. The President is the head of state and
government.
 HEAD OF STATE AND GOVERNMENT:
 President: Yoon Suk-Yeol, assisted by Prime Minister: Han
Duck-Soo
 Yoon Suk Yeol (Korean: 윤석열; born 18 December 1960) is a
South Korean politician who has been serving as the 13th and
current president of South Korea since 2022. Prior to his
presidency, he served as the prosecutor general of South
Korea between 2019 and 2021.He was Born in Seoul,and Yoon
attended in Seoul National University.

SOUTH KOREA POLICING SYSTEM

 Unlike the police systems in other advanced countries, the
Korean National is viewed as facing the special challenge of
maintaining the national security against the Communist
threat. The first priority, therefore, among the police duties is
the maintenance of national security through tactical police
training for anti Communists.
 Korean National Police Agency is composed of 1 deputy
commissioner general, 8 bureaus, 9 offices and 32 divisions.
Community Safety, Investigation Bureau, Traffic and Foreign
Affairs Bureaus are responsible for basic policing. Public
Security, Intelligence and National Security Bureaus govern
public order.

SEVEN STAGES OF THE DEVELOPMENT AND

FORMATION OF THE KOREAN NATIONAL POLICE
SYSTEM

(1) Primitive stage, (2) Japanese rule stage, (3) United States
military administration stage, (4) Korean government
establishment stage, (5) Korean War stage, (6) postwar restoration
and growth stage, and (7) continuing growth stage.

NATIONAL POLICE SYSTEM OF SOUTH KOREA

 The police system has 12 functional divisions, 4 levels of
different police organizations ranging from the National Police
Headquarters to the police substation or police detachment,
 and 10 police ranks. In addition, the system has a maritime
unit, a combat unit, and an aircraft unit.

FORM OF GOVERNMENT

 The Republic of Korea is a democratic republic with three

principal branches of government: the executive, the
legislative, and the judiciary.

 SOUTH KOREA has a centralized government that primarily

operates at the national level. The head of the government
is the President, followed by the prime minister and then the
ministers.

KOREAN FLAG – MEANING AND SYMBOLS OF THIS

NATIONAL BANNER
 The flag of South Korea is called 태극기 (taegeukgi) in
Korean. This became the national flag of South Korea in August
of 1948 .
 What does the Korean flag look like?
Korea’s flag is composed of four colors: white, red, blue, and black.
Each color has its purpose in the flag. It has a plain white
background forming a rectangular shape. In the middle, a yin-yang
circle is formed, minus the spots, with the color red on the upper
half and blue on the lower half. The circle is then surrounded by
four trigrams with the color black, placed in each of the four
corners.

South Korean Flag Meaning

The South Korean flag bears four colors with symbolic meaning.
Below are the specific symbols associated with each of the colors
and elements in the South Korean flag.

White background
The color white is seen as a traditional color in Korean culture, the
white background itself represents purity and peace.

Red and Blue Taegeuk

The red and blue colors alone are named 태극 (taegeuk), with the
meaning “supreme ultimate” in English.
The red and blue taegeuk is divided into two parts, decidedly in the
shape of yin-yang, which was derived from old Chinese
philosophical ideologies.
Separately they represent elements opposite of each other, like
good vs. bad. Specifically, the red half represents positive cosmic
forces, while the blue half is a symbol of negative cosmic forces.
Black bars
The four groups of black bars also follow Confucian ideologies.
The three solid bars are 건 (geon), meaning “sky,” and the three
bars set apart in the middle are 곤 (gon), meaning “earth.”
The bars on the upper right corner is 리 (ri), which represents
“fire,” and the bars on the lower-left corner are 감 (gam)
which symbolizes “water.”
These four black trigrams represent the movement and
harmony of the forces in the Korean flag

WHAT TYPE OF GOVERNMENT IS USED IN SOUTH

KOREA?

 The Government of South Korea is the national

government of the Republic of Korea, created by
 the Constitution of South Korea as the executive,
legislative and judicial authority of the republic.

 The President acts as the head of state and is the highest

figure of executive authority in the country, followed by
the prime minister and government ministers in decreasing
order.

BRANCHES OF GOVERNMENT IN SOUTH KOREA AND

ITS PURPOSE.

1. The Legislative branch consists of the National Assembly of

South Korea. This is a unicameral legislature; it consists of a
single large assembly. Most of its 300 members are elected
from-member constituencies.
2. The Executive branch is headed by the president.[2] The
president is elected directly by the people, and is the only
elected member of the national executive.[3] The president
serves for one five-year term; additional terms are not
permitted. The president is head of state, head of
government and commander-in-chief of the South Korean
armed forces.
3. The Judicial branch is organized into two groups. One is
the Constitutional Court which is the highest court on
adjudication of matters on constitutionality, including judicial
review and constitutional review.

TYPES OF POLICE FORCE IN SOUTH KOREA

South Korea has several types of police forces responsible for

different law enforcement duties. The main types of police forces in
South Korea include:

 National Police Agency (NPA): The National Police Agency

is the central law enforcement agency in South Korea. It
oversees and coordinates various police activities throughout
the country. It is responsible for maintaining public order,
criminal investigations, traffic control, and various other law
enforcement tasks. The NPA also has specialized units, such as
the SWAT team (known as the Special Weapons and Tactics, or
SWAT, unit), which handles high-risk situations.
 Metropolitan Police: Major cities like Seoul and Busan have
their own metropolitan police departments. They are
responsible for maintaining law and order within their
respective cities, handling crime prevention, traffic control, and
other local law enforcement duties. These metropolitan police
departments work in coordination with the National Police
Agency.

 Provincial Police: South Korea is divided into provinces, and

each province has its own provincial police force. These police
forces handle law enforcement in rural areas and smaller towns
within their respective provinces. They are responsible for
crime prevention, maintaining public order, and providing
various community policing services.

 Specialized Units: In addition to the regular police forces,

South Korea has specialized units for handling specific types of
crimes or situations. This includes the Cyber Crime
Investigation Unit, the Anti-Corruption and Civil Rights
Commission, and other specialized teams dedicated to
combating specific types of crimes.

 Riot Police: South Korea has dedicated riot police units

tasked with managing large-scale protests, demonstrations, and
public disturbances. These units are equipped to handle crowd
control and maintain order during civil unrest.

 Railway Police: Railway police in South Korea are

responsible for ensuring the safety and security of the country's
railway transportation system. They address issues related to
railway crime and safety.

 Maritime Police: South Korea's maritime police oversee law

enforcement in coastal and maritime areas. They are
responsible for ensuring the security of South Korea's waters
and ports.
These various police forces work in collaboration with each other
to maintain law and order across the country. The National Police
Agency serves as the overarching authority, while metropolitan,
provincial, and specialized units focus on specific geographical
areas or types of crime.

FUNCTION OF POLICE IN SOUTH KOREA

 The Korean National Police Agency (KNPA) also known as The

Korean National Police (KNP) is one of the Police
Organizations in South Korea.

 Law enforcement services in Korea are provided by the KNPA,

the national police force. KNPA responsibilities
include criminal investigations, public safety, national security,
cyber-security, traffic control, counterterrorism
and international police cooperation.
SEAL AND BANDGE -MEANING AND SYMBOLS
 The symbol of the Korean National Police (KNP), which was
newly created on the occasion of the 60th anniversary of
their founding in 2006, takes the shape of Steller's sea eagle
flying up to the sky with holding the rose of Sharon. Steller's
sea eagle, the scales on the neck, and the rose of
Sharon represents "police", "balance" and "the state and the
people" respectivel.
 On the shoulders of the eagle, there are a scale and a balance
beam to configure the shape of balance, and stress "fairness."
The taegeuk sign in the middle of the rose of Sharon is the
origin of all things and signifies "the Republic of Korea and its
people"
 The badge consists of two overlapping circles. The lower circle
with a Taegeuk surrounded by other five Taegeuks engraved
represents Mugunghwa. Each part of the badge represents as
follows: The front circle represents "the sun or light." The
Mugunghwa represents "the nation and people." The back
circle represents "the moon or shade.

WHO IS THE CURRENT CHIEF OF POLICE IN SOUTH

KOREA
 President Yoon Suk-yeol has tapped Yoon Hee-keun,
deputy commissioner general of the National Police Agency, as
the new national police chief.


RANKS
 Commissioner General is Chief of the Korean Police at most
one may be appointed at a time.
 Chief Superintendent General are Deputy Chief of National
Police Agency, Chief of local police agencies in Seoul, Busan,
Gyeonggi and Incheon Province, Equivalent to dean of National
Police College.
 Newly commissioned officers are appointed as Policeman
Assistant(순경시보) for a one-year probationary period. The
uniform and insignia of an assistant is identical to those of a
Policeman.
 In Jeju Special Self-Governing Provincial Police Agency, prefix
of all rank is 'Self-Governing' such as "Self-Governing Police
Officer"

VISION, MISSION AND CORE VALUE OF THE

KNPA

Vision
 The Vision states that, our shared commitment is
founded in our proud traditions, to provide exemplary
service. As inclusive leaders we ensure community
safety and well being through collaborative
partnerships, innovation and community engagement.
In short of “ Securing basic public safety that the
people can trust ’’

Mission
The mission states that " invested in our shares
commitment, our members are ambassadors for a team
based approach to safety, security and wellness as for
champions for effective and efficient risk focus policing.
Core values
The core values stated that, " proudly we pursue our vision
while living our RICH values as follows; RESPECT our action
demonstrate our mutual respect for the community and each
other; INCLUSIVITY, we valued the unique qualities of our
members and communities by promoting an inclusive
environment guided by fairness respect, equity and dignity
COURAGE.
 GOALS
I. Reinforcing the management of crime risk factors

II. Enhancing field response capabilities for 112 emergency

calls in cases of crime and incidents.
III. Taking strong measures against social evils and other
common offenses.

MOTTO

The motto of the South Korea police force is "의리, 인간, 봉사" (Uili,
Ingan, Bongsa), which translates to "Loyalty, Humanity, Service"
in English.

 This motto reflects the core values and principles that the South
Korean police force upholds in their duty to serve and protect
the citizens of South Korea. "Loyalty" signifies their dedication
to the country and the people, "Humanity" emphasizes the
importance of treating all individuals with respect and
compassion, and "Service" highlights their commitment to
serving and safeguarding the community.

KOREAN NATIONAL POLICE SALARY

 The average police officer gross salary in South Korea is

₩52,016,162 or an equivalent hourly rate of ₩25,008.

 In addition, they earn an average bonus of ₩1,201,573. Salary

estimates based on salary survey data collected directly from
employers and anonymous employees in South Korea.

 An entry level police officer (1-3 years of experience) earns an

average salary of ₩37,605,932. On the other end, a senior level
police officer (8+ years of experience) earns an average salary
of ₩64,467,313.

South-Korea National Police

Agency Korean National Police Agency (KPA)
Age requirements 18-38 Years Old
Retirement age 60 years Old
Lowest Rank Private Constable
 Highest Rank Commissioner General
Special Operation Korea National Police Special Operation
Units Units

POLICE MINIMUM QUALIFICATIONS:

South-Korea National Police
* A citizen of South Korea.
*A Graduate from Korea Central Police Academy,
National Police College, and Police Consolidated
Training School.

POLICE RECRUITMENT PROCESS:

South-Korea National Police
*Recruitment and training were done through the
Central Police Academy, the National Police
College, and the Police Consolidated Training
School.
*Recruits could request assignment to a particular
service and were assigned based on their
education, technical skills, and physical condition.

KOREA POLICE TRAINING

The Police Command Course Consist Of The Guardian

Program , Which Is A “ 6 Months ” Program To Train
Police Leaders Through Duties, Professional International
Skills, General Education, Foreign Language, IT
Education, Study Abroad , Country Pilgrimage, and Scene
Experience Study.

TYPES OF RETIREMENT IN SOUTH KOREA AND THE

AGE OF RETIREMENT IN THE POLICE FORCE:
1. Mandatory Retirement: Police officers in South Korea are
typically subject to mandatory retirement. The age at which
officers must retire varies, but it is often around 60 years old.
However, this age limit may be adjusted depending on the
specific circumstances or regulations in place at the time.

2. Early Retirement: Some police officers may choose to retire

early, usually before the mandatory retirement age. This could
be due to personal reasons, health concerns, or other factors.
The age for early retirement may vary.

3. Voluntary Retirement: Police officers who have served for a

certain number of years may choose to retire voluntarily. The
age at which they can do so may depend on their years of
service and the regulations in place.

4. Specialized Units: Some specialized units within the police

force may have different retirement ages based on the nature of
their work and the physical demands of their roles.

 South Koreans aged 60 or older may receive three types of

pension income: social welfare, a public pension, and a private
pension.

ORGANIZATION
The SMPA is organized under a commissioner, who works with the
chiefs of a public relations division and an inspections relations
division, as well as a deputy commissioner, to oversee the police
force. The force is split into two sections, one which contains all the
police officer corps, the Korean SWAT units, security guards and
air units, and the other which contains intelligence, public affairs,
security and traffic departments which in turn manage specialist
police divisions of their own.

THE STANDARD UNIFORM FOR THE SOUTH KOREA

NATIONAL POLICE AGENCY INCLUDES:
 THE TREATY OF SOUTH KOREA

Under the treaty, the U.S. committed to aiding South Korea in the
event of an attack and has maintained a continuous presence of
land, air and sea forces on the peninsula capable of responding to
North Korean aggression.

End of the topic big boy