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Web hosting
Web hosting is a service of providing online space for storage of web pages. These web
pages are made available via World Wide Web.
Types of web hosting or hosting packages
There are 3 types of web hosting
1. Free Hosting This is a free non-paid web hosting service. This type of hosting is
available with many prominent sites that offer to host some web pages for no cost
Advantages:
 Free of cost
 Use websites to place advertisements. banners and other forms of advertising
media
Disadvantages:
 Customer support is missing
 Low bandwidth and lesser data transfer
 No control over your website
2. Shared/Virtual Hosting It’s a web hosting service where many websites reside on
one web server connected to the internet. This type of hosting is provided under one’s
own domain name, www.yourname.com. With a hosting plan with the web hosting
company, one can present oneself as a fully independent identity to his/her web
audience.
Advantages:
 Easy and affordable
 Secured by hosting provider
 24/7 Technical support
Disadvantages:
 Shared resources can slow down the whole server
 Less flexible than dedicated hosting
3. Dedicated Hosting: Hosted on a dedicated server, this type of hosting is best suited
for large websites with high traffic. In this, the company wishing to go online rents an
entire web server from a hosting company. This is suitable for companies hosting
larger websites, maintaining others’ sites or managing a big online mall, etc like
Google Cloud.
Advantages:
 Ideal for large business
 Strong database support
 Unlimited software support
 Powerful e-mail solutions
 Complete root access to your servers
Disadvantages:
1
 It is very expensive
 Requires superior skill sets

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We can choose a hosting package based on their services in which some hosting packages
are-

Sr.no. feature Package

Economy Standard Unlimited
1. Website 1 Up to 10 Unlimited website
2. bandwidth Up to 15 GB Up to 1 TB Unlimited
3. Email Up to 15 emails Up to 100 Unlimited
4. database Up to 10 Up to 25 Unlimited
5. App Up to 3 Up to 10 Unlimited
6. cost Up to 2000 per year Up to 3000 per Up to 4000 per
year year

How to register domain: There are following steps to register a domain-

1. Choose a domain name: Choose a perfect domain name for your website. If it’s a
business website, then you may want to go with a domain name, which is the name of
your business.
2. Check for availability: check if your domain name is available for registration. If the
domain you selected has been already registered by someone, then you will have to
think of some other domain name. If your domain name is available to register, then
you can proceed further.
3. Choose domain name registrar: Choose a good domain registrar company having
good support infrastructure. For example, GoDaddy or BigRock
4. Provide Contact information: Provide your contact information and everything that
the registrar asked for. It is mandatory that you provide correct information while
registering a domain name, as it will be visible to everyone if the user looks
for WHOIS information
5. Purchase and register: Complete the purchase by paying the registration fees.
Domain name will be registered to you
Defining name servers using control panel: When you have purchased your
hosting, you will have to connect your domain with the hosting that you have purchased. If
you have purchased the domain and hosting from the same provider, then it is liable that
your Nameservers are already setup. If you have purchased your domain and hosting from
different providers, then you will have to manually add new Nameservers to your domain, so
that it can point your domain to the right server.
Nameservers are a part of Domain Name System. These DNS servers keep the records of 2
which domain is connected to which IP address. Nameservers allow us to use a domain
instead of IP address of the DNS server. When a visitor types the URL of your domain then

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the DNS server tells the browser that from which server it should load content from. In easy
words, Nameservers define the current DNS provider of your domain.
To change domain nameservers,
eservers, follow these steps:
1) Get the new nameserver values from hosting provider
2) For applying the new nameserver values
a) Log in to your domain registrar
registrar.. In other words, this is the place where you bought the
domain.
b) Look for the option to set the domain’s nameservers. Usually, you can find the needed
settings in Domain Management or Domain Overview sections. From there, look for a
button to Edit or Manage nameservers. You should see several fields, such
as Nameserver 1 and Nameserver 2, that will most like
likely
ly be filled with your current
hosting provider’s default nameservers.
c) Delete any existing old nameservers and enter the new settings into the appropriate
fields. For example, a nameserver that starts with ns1 should be filled into
the Nameserver 1 field.
Creating emails in Cpanel
Cpanel:
To create an email address for your domain, follow these steps –
1) Click on Email Accounts link found in your Emails section of the cPanel Home.

2) In Email Accounts, you will find Add Email Account on the Top.
3) Add Email name you want to create as it will be the text that comes before @.

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4) Choose a strong password and supply Mailbox Quota. It defines how much disk
space this account can use. You can provide specific amount of space in MB or
you can provide an unlimited quota for this.
5) Click on Create Account to create an Email address associated with your
domain.
FTP in Cpanel: File Transfer Protocol (FTP) allows you to manage your files with third
party applications like FileZilla, CoreFTP, etc. Using a FTP file manager to upload files is a
great practice when the number of files or size of the files is large. An FTP account
configures users who can upload, download or modify your files through FTP. Each FTP
user has his own username and home directory, only that certain directory the user will have
access to.
To create an FTP account, please follow these steps –
1) Open FTP accounts feature by clicking FTP accounts found under Files
Section.

2) Enter Log in name for your new user, it will be the user’s username, also
provide a strong password for this user. 4

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3) Enter Directory for your new user; you may also leave it with pre-filled
pre
directory name according to your user.
4) Provide FTP storage quota, you may provide unlimited quota or use some
value in Megabytes.
5) Click on Create FTP Account and Your FTP account will be created.
6) Configuring by downloading any pre-built
built configuration file by
clicking Configure FTP Account.

Maintaining a web site: cPanel File Manager gives you useful options to quickly
manage your files within the cPanel interface. You can create, upload, modify or remove
files from this interface. It also gives the feature of moving files to Trash before permanently
deleting them, from which it can be recovered later.

It will open a new tab and once you are in File Manager, you will see a Dashboard like this.

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Search engine optimization (SEO) (SEO): it is the process of improving the ranking
(visibility) of a website in search engines. The higher (or more frequently) a website is
displayed in a search engine list (like Google), the more visitors it is expected to receive.
SEO considers how search engines w work,
ork, what people search for, and which search terms
(words) are typed. Optimizing a website may involve editing the content to increase its
relevance to specific keywords. Promoting a site to increase the number of links is another
SEO tactic.
Effective search
arch engine optimization may require changes to the HTML source code of a
site and to the site content. SEO tactics should be incorporated into the website
development and especially into the menus and navigation structure.
Importance of SEO
1. To help gain more visitors: majority of users click on only the top 4 4--5 web pages
appearing in search results, so it’s very important for a website to appear in the top
results of a search engine.
2. Important for social promotion of a website: if a website appears in top results of a
search engine such as Google, Bing, etc. then it gains instant popularity and to some
extent trust of a user.
3. It plays an important role in improving the business of a commercial site: if two
websites are selling the same product, for example
example,, both Myntra and Koovs focus on
selling fashion clothing, and then the site having a better position in the search result of a
search engine has chances of getting more users as compared to the other.
4. Improving user experience: SEO doesn’t focus only on improvingmproving search results but
also on improving the user experience and usability of a website so that a website is
more appealing to a user.

On page optimization: refers to all measures taken by SEOs within the website to improve the
ranking of a site in search engine result pages. These measures are related to content and HTML source code
of a page, e.g., Meta tags, keyword placement, and keyword density including the technical set-up,
set the content, 6
and user-friendliness
friendliness of your site. So, on page seo optimization factors are linked with the elements of your
website.

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Some of the most important On-Page

Page seo factors are as follow
follows:
1. Keyword in the Title tag: Title tag tells the search engine and users about your content. It provides an
accurate description of the content, which makes it an important relevancy signal for a search engine. So, one
can incorporate relevant keywords in the title tag that represents your content and thus can assist search
engines and users in understanding what they are going to read and accordingly to improve its ranking.
2. Keyword in meta description tag: It is a summary or snippet of your page, which is displayed on
search engine result pages below the URL. You may include your keywords in this and make it make
more relevant, appealing, and informative to search engines and users and thus can get more click on
your link.
3. Keyword in the H1 tag: It is also a relevance factor that introduces your page or acts as a
description of your page. So, you may also include your main keywords in the H1 tag to improve its
ranking.
4. The length of the page: Today, the users don't get satisfied with basic inf
information;
ormation; instead, they
want to be educated by reading all the possible information about a topic. The search engine,
therefore, prefers lengthy pages to rank first as the longer pages can cover more aspects of your
topic.
5. Canonical Tag: You should use the canonical tag when you have two URLs with similar content.
This tag prevents the issue of duplicate content as it tells Google that one URL is equivalent to
another, so the two pages with the same content are not different pages and they belong to the
original page.
6. Image Optimization: Along with the text, images should also be optimized by using alt text,
caption and description, and more. Furthermore, don't name your image as 'image1.jpg' instead use
descriptive filenames, for example, 'woman
'woman-driving-car.jpg.' 7
7. Content Updates: A Search engine prefers freshly updated content. So, keep adding more
information to the site and update the old pages if required.

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8. Outbound Links: You can use outbound links to send users to another website if you want to
provide more information. So, it can be a trust factor for Google. However, using too many outbound
links many affect the rankings, so use them in moderation.
9. Internal Links: You can interlink your pages so that traffic from a one may be diverted to other
pages which are less clicked by the users.
10. Keyword in URL: The URL should contain the keywords as it is also a way to send a relevancy
signal to search engines.
11. Sitemap: You can create a Sitemap for your site. It helps search engines to index all pages on
your website, which is a part of SEO.
12. Google Search Console Integration: You can verify your site at Google Webmaster Tool. It
provides you valuable data to optimize your size.
13. Content of Page: The content of the page should be of good quality, relevant, and latest.
Furthermore, it should supply the largest demand, which means it should be related to highly
searched topics, keywords, etc.
14. Linkable Content: This type of content is crafted with the objective of attracting links generally
from other websites in your niche.
15. Content Formatting: The content should be readable and organized, which you can achieve
through different ways, such as:
o Highlight the important parts of a page using bold, underline and italics options
o Use a suitable font size at least 14 px
o Split the content into small paragraphs of 4-5 lines
o Maintain the required spacing between the paragraphs to make the post easy to read
o Use CSS to create sections that break the content into manageable parts and make it appealing
16. Images and Multimedia Elements: The images make your content more appealing and
presentable, so add images to your content if possible. However, do not add images unnecessarily or
too many as it may leave a bad impression. The images should not be very large as it may increase
the loading time of your page, which is not good for SEO.
17. URL Optimization: You can optimize a URL in two different ways: URL optimization and URL
structure.
The URL of a page, which is also known as a slug, is a permanent link. An optimized URL should be
less than 255 characters, and hyphens '-'should be used to separate the different parts of the URL.
Furthermore, it should be short, descriptive, and include your target keywords.
Some examples of SEO optimized URLs: https://www.abc.com/seo-on-page-optimization
18) URL Structure Optimization: The URL structure should reflect the actual structure of a website.
You can optimize it by making categories that help users and search engines find the content with
ease. A website without categories is like a warehouse with unorganized items, and with categories, it
looks like a warehouse where items divided into different categories. Although you can have sub- 8
categories, it is advised not to go over two levels:
Forexample:Homepage>SocialMedia>Twitter>Article(optimized)
Homepage>SocialMedia> Twitter> How to>Article (not optimized)
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19) Internal links: Interlinking the web pages of a website is very important for SEO. It allows you to
create your own web or network. A search engine spider follows the links found on a page, both
internal and external links. If a page lacks links, the spider will read your page and go. It also helps
keep users on your site for a long time.
20) External Links: External links can be used for SEO as they allow you to link your site to other
high-quality related websites, which makes your site more trustworthy, which is good for SEO.
21) Page Loading Speed: Search engines always keep putting efforts to make the web faster. It
prefers to include the fastest websites in its index, which is good for a site in terms of SEO. It also
helps with customer retention and conversions.
22) Mobile Friendliness: With the increase in mobile internet users, around 60% searches in Google
are generated through mobile devices. So, a website, which is not mobile-friendly, maybe losing half
of the potential traffic.

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