Kamla Nehru Institute of Technology, Sultanpur UP

Computer Science Department

B.Tech (Information Technology) 4th Semester

Second Year (2019-2020)

Sub: Web Designing (KIT-401) Assignment: 05

Date of Submission: 25/05/2020 Submitted by: Bhupendra Vaishnav

Teacher: Raushan Kumar Singh (Asst. Professor) Roll No: 18616

Q1. What is web hosting and its process?

Ans:
Web hosting is a service of providing online space for storage of web pages. These web pages are
made available via World Wide Web. The companies which offer website hosting are known as Web
hosts.

Web hosting refers to a service that makes your website available to your users. In general, most
websites are intended to be viewed by anyone on the Internet, at any time.

DN + Web Space = Web Hosting

Benefit of Web Hosting:

A good hosting companies will provide basic services like:

24/7 support

24/7 FTP access

Email accounts

Online control panel

Online traffic statics

Database management system, such as MySQL.

WEBSITE HOSTING PROCESS:

1ST STEP – REGISTERING A DOMAIN NAME

Selection and registration of Domain name is the first step of getting a website online. A domain
name is an online address of a business or website such as xyz.com that use to open a particular
website via a browser. Actually website domain names are pointers to a specific IP address (Internet
Protocol Address) and we make use of domain names instead of IP because they are very easy to
keep in mind as compare to a series of numbers

2ND STEP – WEBSITE HOSTING (HOSTING A WEBSITE)

Now you own your domain name. So what's next? You need a service which is known as website
hosting to get your website up and running. A web hosting is a service providing space on the web
for websites. This information contains login details such as passwords to sign into your hosting ac-
count, paths to directories where the files and data of your site should be uploaded, and above all,
what your DNS (domain name servers) are.
DNS (Domain name servers) create a connection between the website domain name (xyz.com) and
IP address (Internet Protocol).

3RD STEP – UPLOADING YOUR WEBSITE TO A SERVER

Once you are ready with your hosting and domain account you can start uploading your website to
server. One of the simplest way upload a website is to utilization File Transfer Protocol (FTP), A
standard network protocol mainly used for the transfer of computer files between a client and web
server on a computer network, but there are many other options to do this.
Your selected web host will guide you on how to associate to your website via FTP. There are various
software available on the web to associate to the FTP server such as FileZilla.
There are mainly two main folders in the each root directory of your server – public_html and www.
Data and file of your website must be uploaded to the public_html folder which is the root for a pri-
mary domain. Whereas the www folder is known as mirror folder which permits internet users to
access your site on the web

Q2. Explain the different types of packages used in web hosting with example.
Ans:
There are different types of Web Hosting:

Free Hosting:
Free web hosting can be a good choce when you just want to build a non-critical website for fun,
but on the other hand the website can be down at times some of the hostes ast customers to buy
domain name Some provide subdomain names and free banner ads can bee seen frequently.

Shared hosting:
Shared hosting is perfect for entry-level website hosting. This is where your website will be stored on
the same server as multiple other websites. With a shared hosting plan, all domains share the same
server resources, such as RAM (Random Access Memory) and CPU (Central Processing Unit). How-
ever, because all resources are shared, the cost of shared hosting plans is relatively low, making
them an excellent option for website owners in their beginning stages.
Virtual private server (VPS) hosting:
A VPS hosting plan is the ultimate middle ground between a shared server and a dedicated server.
It’s ideal for website owners that need more control, but don’t necessarily need a dedicated server.

VPS hosting is unique because each website is hosted within its own space on the server, though it
still shares a physical server with other users. While VPS hosting provides website owners with more
customization and storage space, they’re still not able to handle incredibly high traffic levels or
spikes in usage meaning that the site performance can still be affected by other sites on the server

Dedicated server hosting:

Dedicated hosting gives website owners the most control over the server that their website
is stored on. That’s because the server is exclusively rented by you and your website is the only one
stored on it. This means that you have full root and admin access, so you can control everything
from security to operating system that you run.

However, all that control comes with a price.

Dedicated servers costs are one of the most expensive web hosting options. Typically, they are used
by website owners with high levels of website traffic, and those who are in need of complete control
of their servers.

Cloud hosting:
Cloud hosting is the current buzzword of the technology industry. In regards to web hosting, it
means many computers working together, running applications using combined computing re-
sources. It’s a hosting solution that works via a network and enables companies to consume the
computing resource like a utility.

This allows users to employ as many resources as they need without having to build and maintain
their own computing infrastructure. The resources that are being used are spread across several
servers, reducing the chance of any downtime due to a server malfunction.

Managed hosting:
Most hosting packages you will find online are likely to be managed. Hosting companies provide
technical services such as hardware and software setup and configuration, maintenance, hardware
replacement, technical support, patching, updating and monitoring. With managed hosting, the pro-
vider looks after the day-to-day management of the hardware, operating systems and standardized
applications.

Colocation:
Instead of keeping servers in-house or at a private data centre, you may choose to ”‘co-locate” your
equipment by renting space in a colocation centre. The centre will provide the power, bandwidth, IP
address and cooling systems that your server requires. Space is rented out in racks and cabinets.

Colocation gives access to higher levels of bandwidth than a normal office server room at a much
lower cost. You’re left to your own devices (literally) and will be expected to take care of everything
including the hardware, software and services.
 Q3. What is the role of domain name in web hosting?

Ans:
Domain name is the address of your website that people type in the browser’s URL bar to
visit your website.
Basically a domain name system is like a massive address book that is constantly updated.
Behind each domain name, there is an address of the web hosting service storing the web-
site’s files.
Without domain names, it will not be possible for people to find your website and without
web hosting you cannot build a website.

Q4. Explain the process of create an email account using cpanel and FTP client.

Ans:
To publish a website online is an essential part of setting up the website. This includes uploading of
files to the server where the website will be located. You can do this quickly by accessing the server
via FTP. The users won’t be able to connect to the host server via the FTP client if they don’t have
the rights to access the server. These rights to access the server via FTP are assigned to the users in
the form of FTP accounts. Each FTP account comprises of a unique username and password with
which the users can access the files.

When you sign up for a hosting cPanel account or create an add on domain, an FTP account is auto-
matically created in cPanel. This means by default, there is already an FTP account in your cPanel.
You can use your cPanel username and password to log in to this account.

But it is also possible to create new FTP account for giving access to other users without giving them
the credentials for cPanel login. You can also assign each user with different levels of access by allo-
cating the user to a specific directory for each additional FTP account created.

Steps:

1. Log in to your cPanel account with your username and password.

2. Go to the Files section and click on the FTP Accounts menu:

3. You will need to fill the FTP account information in each field. Check below the details
description for each field:
 Login: Enter your username for the FTP account. It will be used in combination with your
main domain name for create a complete username. For example, if you enter miles web in
the Login field, you full username will be milesweb@faqs.info
 Password: You should enter a strong and secure password for your FTP account. Use
the Password Generator for created a unique password.
 Password (again): Enter the same password as above to confirm the spelling.
 Strength: Here you will get to know how secure your password is. The strength levels from
Very Weak to Very Strong will help you to determine this.
 Directory: Your FTP account will be limited to the directory you will mention in this field. An
assumed directory will be auto-filled by cPanel depending on the FTP username. You can
delete everything after public_html/ and mention the directory you want the user to access.
You can also type a single / with which the user will get access to your home directory (any-
thing outside of the public_html folder).
 Please Note: You can decide on the level of access for a user. With this the FTP user won’t
be able to navigate outside of the specified directory. But, the user will get an access to all
the files and subfolders within that folder.
 Quota: You can give a number for the disk space to be assigned for an FTP user or set it
to Unlimited.

Q5. What is SEO? Also define its importance.

Ans:

SEO stands for Search engine optimization. It is a set of rules for optimizing your website
so that it can achieve higher rankings in search engines’ organic results.

It is a great way to increase the quality of a web site by making it user-friendly, faster,
and easier to navigate.

SEO can be considered as a complete framework since the whole process has a number
of rules (or guidelines), a number of stages, and a set of controls.

Search engine optimization is important because:

 The majority of search engine users (more than 65% – see graph below) are more
likely to click on one of the top 5 suggestions in the search engine results pages
(SERPS). To take advantage of this and gain visitors to your web site or customers to
your online store, your website needs to appear in one of the top positions.
 SEO is not only about search engines but good SEO practices improve the user expe-
rience and usability of a web site.
 Users trust search engines and having a presence in the top positions for the key-
words the user is searching, increases the web site’s trust.
 SEO is good for the social promotion of your web site. People who find your web site
by searching Google or Yahoo are more likely to promote it on Facebook, Twitter, or
other social media channels.
 SEO is important for the smooth running of a big web site. Web sites with more than
one author can benefit from SEO in a direct and indirect way. Their direct benefit is an
increase in search engine traffic and their indirect benefit is having a common frame-
work (checklists) to use before publishing content on the site.
 SEO can put you ahead of the competition. If two web sites are selling the same
thing, the search engine optimized website is more likely to have more customers and
make more sales.
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