English Ahead 2 SB

ENGLISH
ENGLISH International Lower Secondary has been carefully

crafted to challenge second language English learners. With integrated
video, audio and authentic texts, the series exposes students to a range
of communication techniques and encourages them to reason and think
critically. ENGLISH
With structured guidance in reading, listening, speaking and writing, the
series builds language skills in a measured, holistic way and encourages
students to read and write with purpose.
The student-centred activities encourage collaboration as well as build

International
International Lower Secondary Student Book 2

students’ knowledge of the world around them.
Lower Secondary
ENGLISH
ENGLISH
ENGLISH
International
STUDENT BOOK
International International
Lower Secondary
International Lower Secondary Workbook 2
Lower Secondary Lower Secondary
International Lower Secondary Teacher’s Guide 2

STUDENT BOOK WORKBOOK TEACHER’S GUIDE
Marcus C. Thompson
Chin Lie Peng
Marcus C. Thompson Chin Lie Peng
Marcus C. Thompson
About Marshall Cavendish Education
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and skills through providing unique educational solutions, and we have been doing so for more
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Our materials are research-based, and our authors are subject experts and experienced educators. Our
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ISBN 978-981-48-2392-0
9 7 89 8 1 4 82 3 9 20
Marcus C. Thompson
(E)EngAhead_INT_SB2_Cvr.indd 2-4 6/12/18 6:28 PM

© 2019 Marshall Cavendish Education Pte Ltd
Published by Marshall Cavendish Education

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Marshall Cavendish is a registered trademark of Times Publishing Limited.
ISBN 978-981-48-2392-0
Printed in Malaysia

ENGLISH
International
Lower Secondary
STUDENT BOOK
Marcus C. Thompson
(E)EngAhead_INT_SB2_TP.indd 1 7/12/18 2:22 PM

English Ahead is a comprehensive, theme-based, three-level language and literacy programme.
It is based on the Cambridge Assessment International Education (CAIE) syllabus for lower
secondary (Stages 7, 8, and 9), and broadly reflects the B1 – C1 bands of the Common European
Framework of Reference (CEFR).
English Ahead aims to make English engaging and enjoyable for teens through age-appropriate
texts, appealing photographs, and stimulating audio and video clips. The content of the
programme is carefully designed to blend modern, global themes alongside Asia-specific
contexts, which Asian teens can relate to. This will encourage them to contribute their own ideas
and experiences, thereby building confidence.
For best results, the audio and video clips in the DVD-ROM should be transferred onto a desktop
to run the files.
Student Book sample pages:
Starter
Starter Unit
Present tenses
Present simple & present continuous
1 Read the interview. Complete the conversation with the present simple or present continuous
A short revision unit at the start of each level
enables teachers to gauge students’ prior
form of the words in brackets.
A: 1 (you have) a best friend, Ali?

B: Yes, I do. His name is Ahmed. He 2 (go) to the same
knowledge of English grammar.

school as me.
A: What 3 (you do) in your free time?
B: I 4 (spend) time with my family at home in the evenings.
We 5 (not go) out very often. On weekends, Ahmed and
I6 (play) football together, but we 7 (not play)) this weekend
because we 8 (study) for an exam next week.
A: What are your favourite school subjects?
B: I 9 (love) languages. At my school we can choose from three
different languages.
A: What language 10
(you study) in school at the moment?
B: I 11 (learn) Chinese right now. I 12 (not know) a lot of words yet, but I 13 (get) better.
Active & passive verb forms

2 Read the passage about smartphones. Choose the correct answers.
HOME ABOUT NEWS SMARTPHONE APPS SOCIAL CONTACT
When do you think the first smartphone 1made / was made? And who
do you think 2invented / was invented it?
The first smartphone 3made / was made by IBM in the 1990s.
It 4called / was called Simon and it went on sale in 1994. At over
20 centimetres long and weighing 500 grams, it was very big and
heavy. Also, the battery died after only one hour of use. It 5cost / was
cost $900, and 50,000 phones 6sold / were sold to customers around
the world. People 7used / were used Simon to send emails, write notes
and make phone calls, of course.
Today, smartphones have a lot more features, around 2.5 billion
people 8own / are owned one, and they have completely changed
how we live. We 9use / are used them to communicate with friends, to
shop, and to play the latest video games. It 10believed / is believed that
1.5 billion smartphones 11buy / are bought every year, and smartphone
companies 12make / are made billions of dollars.
3 Complete the sentences with the passive form.

1 Zara invited everyone in her class to her party.
Unit opener
Everyone in Zara’s class .
2 Sometimes, the teacher gives us extra homework for the weekend.
Sometimes, we .
3 Someone stole my bag last night.
My bag .
4 They don’t make smartphones locally.
Smartphones .
5 They didn’t find the ship The Titanic until 1985.
8
The ship The Titanic .
Each of the 10 theme-based units opens with
an authentic video clip or an audio track, to
kick-start class discussion.
Speaking activities 1 Vocabulary 1 Describing a good friend

Vocabulary 1
on the unit opener Anita
An engaging
Friends
forever
Age: 13 From: Jakarta, Indonesia
page introduce key

Interest: volunteering Future goal: to be a social worker
My friends are really important to me. I’m a very caring person and I always
reading text
help my friends when they have a problem or feel unhappy. I’m also honest and
I never lie to them!
vocabulary and Carl

Age: 13 From: Sheffield, United Kingdom
based on the
kick-start class
Interest: video games Future goal: to create my own video games
I’m very loyal to my friends. They’ll always be my friends. I will never give up on
theme of the unit

our friendship.
discussion. Probing
Best friends
enables students
1 Watch the video about Carla and Munah. Hassan
1.1 What are they doing? Age: 14 From: Karachi, Pakistan
Interest: football Future goal: to play football for an international team
and stimulating
a trekking in the forest near Chang Mai, Thailand I’m crazy about football, but I’m also a very hard-working student. I usually do
b rock climbing in northern Thailand a few hours of extra study after school because I want to be successful in life.
to encounter key
c sightseeing in Chang Mai, Thailand People say I’m quite ambitious.
1 Read and listen to the student
2 Watch the video again. Tick (✓)
( the 1.2 profiles. Discuss the questions.
questions encourage
sentences you hear. � Who has similar interests to you?
1 We’ve never done this before. � Who has a similar personality to you?
vocabulary in
2 I’m really nice so I’ll let you go first. � Who has similar future goals to you? Karen
3 Somewhere in the middle, you have to � Who would you like to be friends Age: 15 From: Adelaide, Australia
go really slow. with? Why? Interest: helping others Future goal: to be a nurse
students to think
4 If I fall, will you catch me? I’m very sympathetic to my friends. I listen to them and always try to
5 At the end of the day you are still 2 Read the profiles again. Match understand their problems and feelings.
context. A wide
my friend. the sentences to the adjectives in
bold in the student profiles.
3 Discuss the questions.
critically and bring

1 He never lies to me.
� Would you like to go travelling with a friend? 2 She always wants to help me. Sarawan
range of text types

� Which place or country would you visit? 3 She always listens and understands Age: 12 From: Bangkok, Thailand
� How do you spend time together with your how I feel. Interest: reading Future goal: to write a novel
friends? What do you do? 4 He remains my friend, even when I I’m quite a confident person because I know I’m good at lots of things. I don’t
their prior knowledge

do something wrong. change my opinions often, so my friends think I’m a little stubborn sometimes.
5 He feels certain about his skills
and engaging
and abilities.
6 She puts in lots of effort
when studying.
and opinions about

7 He wants to have lots of success in 3 Work in groups. Create a personal 4 Discuss the questions.
the future. profile to describe your personality.
photographs
• Who is your best friend? How long have you
8 She refuses to change her plans or Use the adjectives in the text. been friends?
ideas when she’s made a decision. Then introduce yourself to other • What do you like about your best friend?
group members.
the theme, to the

• What makes a good friend?
• Do you think you’re a good friend? Why?
generate students’
discussion.
Workbook p. 5
14 15
interest.
(E)ESL_SB2_WalkThrough.indd 2 6/12/18 1:55 PM

Reading
The theme-based reading texts become progressively more challenging through
each Student Book, and are specially chosen to be age-appropriate and engaging.
Pre-reading tasks stimulate thinking around the theme. An audio recording of the
text enables students to listen as they read, thereby enhancing understanding and
developing both reading and listening skills.
Reading Traditional clothes Learning skills

1 Look at the photos. Discuss the questions.
1
2
Which countries do these clothes come from?
Do you think these clothes are only worn by
8.3
2 Read and listen to the fact files about
traditional clothing. Check your answers
to exercise 1.
Subskill
Understand specific information
4 Scan the fact files. Which paragraph(s)
(A – D) mentions
1 how old the wearer is?
are highlighted,
so that students
men or women? Why? After we have read a text for the main ideas, it is 2 the climate?
usually necessary to understand specific details in 3 clothing that doesn’t cover the
order to answer a question. whole body?
Traditional clothing of First, find key words in the question. Then, search
the text for words with a similar meaning. Finally,
read that part of the text again carefully in order to
4
5
the origins of the clothes?
the differences between male and
female styles?
become more
Asia
understand it well.
effective learners.
� Have you worn any of these clothes?
3 Read the fact files again. Are the
Which ones? When?
sentences true (T), false (F) or � Which items of clothing would you like
not given (NG)? to try? Why?
A B � Why do you think people of different ages
1 People rarely wear kimonos as
everyday clothing. wear different colours or patterns?
Kimono Qipao
2 Only women wear kimonos at � Why do you think men sometimes dress in
The word kimono is Japanese for clothing The qipao is a traditional woman’s dress from Japanese tea ceremonies. less colourful clothes than women?
or ‘thing to wear’, but these days it refers China. Its origins go back to the 17th century, 3 The style of qipaos has changed � Do you think your fashion sense will
to a traditional style of clothing. Kimonos but it has changed significantly since that time. over the years. change as you get older? Why?
are T-shaped with wide sleeves. Most In those days, it was a loose item of clothing, 4 In the past, qipaos were tighter
people in Japan don’t wear them as usually made of silk, which covered the whole than they are today.
everyday clothing, but they continue to body. It was mainly worn by older women, 5 Sarongs are usually worn in warm
wear kimonos at formal celebrations, but these days, it is fashionable for women of countries in Asia.
such as weddings and Japanese tea all ages. Modern varieties of qipao started in 6 Traditionally, sarongs had
ceremonies. The style and colour of the Shanghai in the 1920s. Unlike the early styles, floral patterns.
kimono also depends on the person’s these were a tight fit. Gradually, different types 7 Áo dàis consist of two items
age and whether he or she is married or
single. Although it is more common to see women’s
kimonos, there are men’s kimonos, too. These are
usually plainer and less colourful than women’s.
of qipaos developed, often in bright colours and stylish
patterns. Today, qipaos are designed to be examples
of both traditional and modern fashion styles in China.
8
of clothing.
Áo dàis were first designed in
the 1700s. Comprehension
Sarong
C D
Áo dài
questions check
understanding.
The sarong is such a perfect design for hot, The áo dài is considered the national costume of
humid weather and for that reason, it is Vietnam. It is a long-sleeved robe that is worn
popular in many South and Southeast Asian over trousers. It is both practical and stylish
countries, such as Indonesia. This is a as it is designed to keep the wearer cool and
Discussion and
traditional item of clothing and in many of comfortable in the country’s tropical climate.
these countries it is mainly worn by men. Although created in the 18th century during
It is made from a piece of light material that the Nguyen Dynasty, the modern design that
the wearer wraps around the lower half of is seen today was developed in 1930 by the
personalisation
his or her body, then ties in place. Sarongs fashion designer Cat Tuong. These days, it is
are decorated in bright colours and patterns. usually worn by women, but men can also wear
Some of the typical traditional patterns are it, particularly on formal occasions. They come in
checked, but modern designs often have different colours, which represent the age of the
animals or floral patterns printed on them. person wearing it. For example, younger girls
Glossary
tight not loose
material the basic things used to make other things
wear plain white áo dài while older women wear
darker colours.
questions give
students the
wrap put something over or around another thing
robe a loose item of clothing that covers the top of
the body down to the knees
92
Finished? p. 131 Workbook pp. 62–63
93
opportunity to relate
the text to their own
experiences.
A glossary accompanies each
reading text, and contains
explanations to support
understanding of the more
challenging words.
Language focus 1 Modals of possibility Language focus 2 must and should
Affirmative Negative must We use must/mustn’t to give very strong advice,

mustn’t or when there is no choice.
subject + may/
may might/can/could + base verb subject + may not/might not + base verb I/You/He/She/It You mustn’t forget about eating a healthy diet.
+ base verb
We/You/They should You must get about eight hours of sleep every night.
We use may, might and could to talk about a We use may not and might not to say something shouldn’t
possibility in the present or the future. is possibly not true. We do not use couldn’t to talk We use should/shouldn’t to give advice.
Passengers may also see the Moon. about possible future events. You should write down the time you are going to
Some people might worry about safety. There might not be life on other planets. study.
We could change plans. You shouldn’t worry if you do things differently.
Tip box
We use can to talk about events that are generally
possible. We don’t use it for specific future events. To make questions with may, might or could for 1 Choose the correct answers.
You can enjoy it again with friends and family. possibility, we often use do you think.
1 If you’re late for the match, the coach won’t let you play. You mustn’t / shouldn’t be late.
Do you think it might rain later?
2 You look tired. I think you must / should go to bed earlier.
Y
Do you think people could live in space one day?
3 In basketball, you must / should bounce the ball when you move with it.
Language Focus
4 In football, you mustn’t / shouldn’t kick the other players. It’s against the rules.
5 We must / should do more sports and exercise at school.
1 Choose the correct answers. 2 Complete the text with must, mustn’t, should or shouldn’t.
1 and 2
1 We can / might use satellites to communicate 4 I’m not sure, but it can / might rain
with people around the world. this afternoon.
2 In the summer, the UK usually has warm
weather, but sometimes it can / could be
quite wet.
5
6
Even with modern technology, it can / may be
difficult to predict the weather.
I can / could be an astronaut one day.
Sepak Takraw
3 People can / may visit Mars in the near future. The sport of sepak takraw started around 500 years ago in Southeast Asia. It is sometimes called
‘kick volleyball’ because teams 1 pass the ball over a net, but unlike volleyball, players 2 use their
Grammar notes
2 Match the sentences (1–8) to the sentences (a–h) to form the correct sequence. hands. There 3 be three players in each team. They 4 kick the ball over the net, but they 5
touch the ball more than three times before they send it over to the other team.
1 It’s a big city. a The traf
traffic’s terrible today.
2 I’m also going to the cinema tonight. b You can easily get lost in it.
Y
If you want to learn how to play sepak takraw, here is some advice. You 6 join a club so you can learn from
3 Jake may not be in school today. c He was sick yesterday.
a coach and other players. Before you start playing in competitions, you 7 practise some basic kicking skills,
and examples
4 We may be late for school. d You could forget it if you don’t.
Y
but you 8 worry if you don’t make much progress at first. It takes time to become good at it.
5 I’m not sure where Lin is. e I don’t know it, though.
6 Nina might know the answer to your question. f However, she may be late this evening.
However
7 Please write it down. g I might see you there.
are presented in
8 Yasmin’s usually home by 6 pm.
Y h She could be in the library or the café.
3 Write sentences about things you might do next weekend with the words in the box.
tables for ease of

go shopping visit a friend do homework stay home sleep late have a pizza
I might go shopping for a new phone over the weekend.
understanding.
These are followed
by a range of practice 3 Write about a sport or exercise you know. Use must, mustn’t, should and shouldn’t to
describe the rules and how to play it.
116
Finished? p. 133 Workbook p. 80
and reinforcement 52
exercises.
(E)EngAhead_INT_SB2_WalkThrough.indd 3 19/12/18 3:53 PM

Vocabulary 2
This additional vocabulary section further builds students’ breadth and range of vocabulary,
as well as visual literacy skills through the use of attractive and stimulating photographs.
Vocabulary 2 Personality
1 Read the descriptions. Discuss the questions.

•
•
Which adjectives in bold have positive meanings?
Which adjectives in bold have negative meanings?
Listening Fashion opinions
Listening
Mai Ahmed Chen
The topic of the audio

My best friend’s usually an I am a few years older than my My dad has a really cheerful
easy-going person. She’s also brother, and we don’t always get personality. He usually has a little
quite sociable and she’s got lots of on well with each other. I think smile on his face, and he often
friends, but when she has to talk in I’m quite a polite and generous hums a tune. The only time this
track is introduced
front of the class she person with most people, but I’m isn’t true is early in the morning.
suddenly gets very often rude to my brother and I can Until he’s had breakfast and some
shy and nervous. be quite selfish. coffee, he can be quite moody.
through engaging
photographs so that
2 Choose negative adjectives in bold from
the descriptions that are opposite to the
6
7
Rami loves parties. He’s very .
Wei Lin never seems sad. She’s always .
1 Discuss the questions. 4 Now listen again. Complete the
sentences with words you hear.
students think and
speak before they listen.
8 Mark says things that upsets people. • In what ways is fashion good or bad
positive adjectives below. for society?
He’s . 1 I think people when I’m in a suit.
1 cheerful 9 Kwang spends a lot of time helping other • What are some of the problems that 2 When I wear more casual clothes,
2 easy-going people. She’s very . fashion creates? I immediately see a difference in .
3 generous 3 For example, a lot of runners injure themselves
3
4
5
sociable
polite
Choose the correct answers.

5 Work in pairs. Tell your friend about
somebody you know well. Discuss
the questions.
2
8.4
Listen to four speakers giving their
opinions about clothes and fashion.
Put the topics in the order you hear
them. There is one extra topic.
4
5
because .
One reason it became popular with
skateboarders like myself is .
In countries with large cotton farms, there
They also develop
their comprehension,
• Which adjectives do you think describe isn’t enough water .
1 My sister never lets me use her phone. a What other people think of me
his/her personality most of the time?
She can be very generous / selfish about it. b How clothes can hurt the environment
• Are there situations when the opposite is 5 Work in groups. Divide into two groups.
2 She’s very polite / rude. She will always say c How the wrong choice can lead to
true? When? Think of reasons to support your
‘please’ and ‘thank you’.
inferring and critical

personal injury
3 I like Sara because she’s very relaxed and group’s opinions below.
d Reasons why fashion is art
easy-going / nervous. e When street fashion becomes popular
4 Nick’s usually quite cheerful / moody, but he Group A: Group B:
looks sad today. It is fine to judge It is not fine to judge
3 Listen again. Answer the questions.
thinking skills by
5 I’m not very sociable / shy, so I find it easy to people by their people by their
meet new people. 1 What item of clothing does speaker 1 prefer appearance. appearance.
to wear?
4 Complete the sentences with the 2 Why does speaker 1 choose to wear 6 Work in groups. Have a debate on the
discussing the
adjectives in bold. this item? topic ‘It is fine to judge people by their
3 What kind of activity does speaker 2
1 Ming doesn’t like to be around large groups
appearance’. Which opinion do most
like doing?
of people. He’s . people agree with?
4 According to speaker 2, what is the
2 Daniel only thinks about himself. He’s . benefit of flat shoes?
follow-up questions.
3 Maya’s always worried about something. 5 Which two items of clothing does
She’s . speaker 3 say he likes to wear?
4 Haris’ emotions often change and he gets 6 What does speaker 3 feel
angry quickly. He’s . unhappy about?
5 Maria’s often calm, and she doesn’t get 7 Which two materials does
upset easily. She’s . speaker 4 mention?
8 What problems does speaker 4
Workbook p. 73 say the materials create?
107
97
Speaking
Students listen to a recorded speaking model to familiarise themselves with the target
language. They then engage in pair work and group work to develop their speaking skills.
Speaking Compliments
Writing Life as a pop star

Writing
A writing model and
scaffolded questions
1 Look at the photos. Discuss the
questions.
Tip box provide students with
Using commas
a guide for their own

• How do pop stars spend their day?
• Do you think famous people have an easy or When we begin a sentence with a time
difficult life? Why? phrase, such as ‘after that’ or ‘meanwhile’,
we add a comma after the phrase.
writing.
2 Read about how a pop star spends her
day. Complete the diary entry with the
1 Discuss the questions. 3 Listen again. Complete the sentences 3 Work in groups. Imagine you are
words and phrases in the box.
• When did you last give someone a with phrases in the Useful phrases box. pop stars for a day. Answer the questions.
compliment? Why did you give it? 1 winning the volleyball match. and then After By the end of 1 What interesting activities can you do as
• What was the last compliment that you 2 I think you . Later Meanwhile pop stars?
received? Why did you receive it? 3 I your hair. 2 What are some good and bad things that can
• How do you feel when you receive a 4 That style . It you. happen to you during your day?
compliment? 5 You’re Maths.
• What effect would giving compliments have
in your family and friendship group?
Life as We Know It! 4 Write about your day as a pop star using
4 Complete the table with your answers your notes in exercise 3.
Tip box
in exercise 3. I was up at 6 am and went for my morning Check your work. Have you included
2 Listen to Sara and Maria having a run. A few photographers were around taking
1.5 conversation. Choose what they Ability Appearance pictures, but I ignored them. • good, bad and interesting things that happened?
compliment each other on. 1
that, my personal chef, Henri, • correct punctuation and spelling?
Well done on winning I like your • correct grammar and vocabulary?
prepared a delicious breakfast for me,
the volleyball match! new shirt!
clothes volleyball skills hair 2
I rushed to the studio. A few fans
family phone shoes were outside so I spoke to them for a while.
Tips on punctuation
Maths knowledge You have to keep them happy! 3 ,
the rest of the band arrived, and we went
5 Work in pairs. Take turns to give and inside to record a new song. It sounded
Useful phrases receive compliments on each other’s amazing and we felt certain our fans would
are provided to help

love it. Then, we practised the dance moves
• abilities and skills.
Giving a compliment • personality.
for our next music video.
4
on, I visited the airport. My private
• Well done on ((passing the exam). • belongings.
plane is too small and I wanted to buy a bigger
• I think you did really well. one. It wasn’t hard to find the perfect plane and
•
•
•
I love / like your ((jacket
It looks great.
It really suits you.
jacket).
jacket). Your new glasses really
suit you, Imran.
it cost only $10 million.
5
the day, I was tired. I sat by the pool
and Henri made me my favourite food: pizza! students in their
writing tasks.
• You’re good at (tennis).
Receiving a compliment That’s kind of you to say.
• Thank you. / Thanks very much.

• That’s kind of you to say.
• Do you think so? Thanks!
22
Workbook p. 20
33
Useful phrases from the

recorded model are practised
in pairs or groups.
(E)ESL_SB2_WalkThrough.indd 4 6/12/18 1:56 PM

Self-Check Self-Check B
1 Read about four people and the activities they do. Match the people (1 — 4) to the 2 Choose the correct answers to complete the report.
A self-check section for

activities (A — D).
1 Jon wants to do some regular exercise at the weekends to help him keep fit. He’d like to do
Cycling Around the World in 79 Days

a competitive sport with some other people so it is more fun for him.
each unit allows students

2 Lucy already swims regularly to keep fit. She is looking for a different activity to do once or twice
a week in her town so that she has more variety. She enjoys working out in groups, but she also In 2017, Mark Beaumont cycled 1 the world in 78 days, 14 hours and 40 minutes. The 34-year-old
wants a good teacher. finished the 29,000 kilometre 2 after cycling 385 kilometres a day. He spent 16 to 17 hours on his
bicycle 3 day, and he had only five hours of sleep a night. His journey started in Paris. He cycled
to further revise what they

3 Wei Lin likes spending time outdoors, but she’s recently moved to a new city. She wants to find 4
Russia, Australia and North America and he took planes between
betwee 5 stage of the journey. He was
an activity that she can do with other people, so that she can make some new friends. not completely alone for the journey, 6 . A team of people, including a cook, doctor and mechanics,
followed him in cars. Before Beaumont’s attempt, the fastest time to complete the journey on a bicycle
some kind of exercise that does not take was 123 days.
have learnt, monitor their

a lot of time to do. He’d like to do an exercise that involves stretching, but he needs something he
1 a along b around c through d towards

2 a diversion b delay c jam d route
3 a all b both c every d any
own progress and identify Healthy

4
5
6
a
a
a
across
all
also
b
b
b
into
both
either
c
c
c
over
each
though
d
d
d
along
the
too
Hobbies
A City Hiking Club
areas of difficulty that

We are a group of people who meet 3 Write a 100-word article for a travel blog. You should write about
da once a week to go walking in the
okingtofin
Areyoulo � what your favourite way to travel is.
y that is both hills around the city. We are a very
new hobb are a � what you like about it.
fun? Here friendly group and new members
healthy and s! � when and how often you travel this way.
need further study.

few suggestion are always welcome. We meet every
� a journey you would like to take this way.
Saturday at 8 am, and each walk
takes between one and two hours. Come and join us!
4 Listen to an announcement on an aeroplane. Complete the information with the
correct answers.
The plane is Flight 503 , travelling from Hong Kong to Jakarta.
B Pilates C The Badminton Centre
1 The plane will take off minutes late.
Do you want Situated near 2 The plane has exits for passengers to use in an emergency.
to get stronger the river, this is 3 Passengers must not use mobile phones until the plane is in .
and improve a very popular 4 Today’s weather is .
your health place to play 5 The arrival time in Jakarta is .
at the same badminton. 6 After take-off, will be served to the passengers.
time? Then We are usually
you should full most evenings
join our pilates classes! Our classes are during the week, so you should come at
taught by experienced, friendly instructors. other times. If you already know how to play,
Classes are every Tuesday and Thursday, you will find lots of people of different levels
from 6.30-7.30 pm. Beginners are welcome. to compete against. The centre is open
every day from 10.30 am to 9 pm.
D Yoga Time
Many people find it difficult to find the time to keep

fit, but with Yoga Time, you can exercise anywhere,
any time. With over 100 videos available, you’ll find
a session that is fun and helps you get fit and healthy.
Download our app, and stream our 15-minute videos
from your phone, tablet or laptop.
56 57
Finished? Unit 2 Finished?

Reading
These exercises further

(pp. 26–27)
4 There are five sentences with mistakes.
1 Read the report again. Then answer Tick (✓) the correct sentences. Correct
the questions. the sentences with mistakes.
challenge and stretch

1 Why has K-pop become popular internationally? 1 Every mornings, I get up at 6 am.
2 How has social media helped increase the 2 I put both hands in my pockets.
popularity of K-pop?
3 All of friends were at the party.
3 How do K-pop fan clubs show that they are
dedicated to their bands? 4 I met Anam and both of us went
students once they have

4 According to the report, what qualities does to the concert.
a K-pop star need? 5 Have you read every books in the library?
5 How has K-pop changed in recent times? 6 Each student must show the teacher his
completed the unit.

or her homework.
2 Find words in the report to match
7 She sang all song on her latest album.
the definitions.
Paragraph A
1 another word for ‘fans’
Language focus 2 (p. 30)
2 an activity that you repeat regularly verb + -ing / to
Paragraph B
3 happen slowly 5 Write complete sentences with the
4 change how people behave and think present simple.
Paragraph C 1 Anna / can’t stand / tidy / her bedroom.
5 a special name for K-pop fan clubs 2 we / hope / visit / Italy / one day.
Paragraph D 3 I / hate / study / late at night.
6 to be included in a group 4 she / not mind / listen / hip hop.
5 I / would like / have / something to eat.
Language focus 1 (p. 28) 6 you / enjoy / be / a student?
7 he / not like / study / History.
Determiners 8 Alex and Khamal / dislike / shop.
3 Cancel the word or words that cannot
complete the sentence. 6 Match the first part of each sentence
(1 – 6) to its second part (a – f). Then
I feel happy all / each / every time I hear
complete the sentences with the correct
this song.
form of the verbs in brackets.
1 All / Both / Every of his classmates like
1 Don’t tell Jackie because I’d prefer
rock music.
2 Have you finished
2 All / Each / Every my friends enjoyed the show.
3 Amy plays the piano and she intends
3 Janet’s learned the sitar and tabla.
4 Would you like
All / Both / Each instrument is quite different.
5 I haven’t seen Ian yet, but we plan
4 The teacher gave all / both / every student in
6 If you don’t practise
the class a different task.
5 She loves spending time with all / both / every a (play) that video game yet?
her sisters. b (speak)
speak) English, you won’t improve.
speak
6 We’ve been to the beach all / both / every day c (go) to a concert this weekend?
this week. d (tell) her myself.
7 He’s wearing a different coloured sock on e (meet) later today.
both / each / every foot. f (learn) the violin, too.
125
Extended Reading Extended reading 2 A classic novel
Authentic fiction and non-fiction texts The Adventures of

of various genres encourage students
to read for pleasure and fluency,
Tom Sawyer by Mark Twain
which further supports language and Mark Twain (1835 –1910) is one of the best-known writers in American history.
He wrote several novels about the characters Tom Sawyer and Huckleberry Finn
which are considered to be classic novels today. The Adventures of Tom Sawyer
literacy development. Texts become

was published in 1876. It tells the story of Tom Sawyer, a young boy growing
up in a small town next to the Mississippi River in the USA. Tom lives with his
Aunt Polly. One day he gets into a fight with a new boy in the town. When his
aunt finds out, she decides to punish him. So the following Saturday, she makes
progressively more challenging, Tom paint the fence outside their home.
according to the Flesch-Kincaid

readability scale.
139
(E)ESL_SB2_WalkThrough.indd 5 18/10/18 4:13 pm

Contents
UNIT
Starter p. 8 Present tenses, Active & passive verb forms
p. 9 Past tenses, Present perfect tense
p. 10 Future tenses, Modals
p. 11 Conditionals, Adjectives
p. 12 Pronouns
p. 13 Articles, determiners, quantifiers, Prepositions
VOCABULARY LANGUAGE VOCABULARY

UNIT VIDEO/AUDIO READING
1 FOCUS 1 2
p. 14 Best friends pp. 14–15 pp. 16–17 Teen p. 18 Present p. 19 Friendships
1 Friends Describing a good problems perfect
forever
friend
p. 24 Music from pp. 24–25 What’s pp. 26–27 The rise p. 28 Determiners p. 29 My music
2 Making music the past in a song? of K–pop
pp. 34–35 Self-Check A

p. 36 City traffic pp. 36–37 City pp. 38–39 New p. 40 Prepositions p. 41 On the road
3 Move on up transport places of movement
p. 46 Exercise for pp. 46–47 Food pp. 48–49 Under p. 50 Quantity p. 51 Exercise
4 Healthy living life and diet stress expressions
pp. 56–57 Self-Check B

p. 58 Animal pp. 58–59 Animals pp. 60–61 Pet p. 62 must and p. 63 Animal
5 Animal magic friends in the wild therapy have to sounds
p. 68 Going to a pp. 68–69 pp. 70–71 Festivals p. 72 Relative p. 73 Unique

6 Let’s
festival Celebration pronouns celebrations
celebrate
pp. 78–79 Self-Check C

p. 80 Typhoon pp. 80–81 Types of pp. 82–83 The p. 84 Past p. 85 Describing
7 Extreme
Haiyan extreme weather Wizard of Oz continuous weather
weather
p. 90 What are pp. 90–91 Clothes pp. 92–93 p. 94 this, that, p. 95 Fashion
8 Fashion your favourite shopping Traditional clothes these, those styles
clothes?
pp. 100–101 Self-Check D
p. 102 Heart to pp. 102–103 pp. 104–105 p. 106 Reflexive p. 107 Personality
9 Heroes and
heart Appearance Detective Holmes pronouns
villains
p. 112 Life on pp. 112–113 Our pp. 114–115 A trip p. 116 Modals of p. 117 Scientific
10 Beyond Earth other planets solar system to the stars possibility discovery
pp. 122–123 Self-Check E

pp. 135–138 Extended reading 1 Hans in Luck
pp. 139–142 Extended reading 2 The Adventures of Tom Sawyer
(E)ESL_SB2_Contents_INTL.indd 6 17/10/18 6:09 pm

LANGUAGE
LISTENING SPEAKING WRITING FINISHED?
FOCUS 2
p. 20 Abstract nouns p. 21 Stories about p. 22 Compliments p. 23 What makes a p. 124 Reading,
friends good friend? Language focus 1,
Language focus 2
p. 30 Verb + ing or to p. 31 The life of p. 32 Talking to the p. 33 Life as a pop p. 125 Reading,
Beethoven stars star Language focus 1,
Language focus 2
p. 42 Sentence p. 43 Attention p. 44 A group tour p. 45 Traffic p. 126 Reading,

adverbs please! problems Language focus 1,
Language focus 2
p. 52 must and p. 53 Sleep and p. 54 Get fit! p. 55 A new sports p. 127 Reading,
should health club Language focus 1,
Language focus 2
p. 64 The passive p. 65 Unusual pets p. 66 Keeping pets p. 67 A fable p. 128 Reading,

Language focus 1,
Language focus 2
p. 74 Conjunctions of p. 75 The fire festival p. 76 Create a p. 77 A day at a p. 129 Reading,
purpose festival festival Language focus 1,
Language focus 2
p. 86 Reported p. 87 A weather p. 88 What was the p. 89 Explaining p. 130 Reading,

speech report storm like? weather Language focus 1,
Language focus 2
p. 96 Noun phrases p. 97 Fashion p. 98 What to wear? p. 99 Is fashion p. 131 Reading,
opinions important? Language focus 1,
Language focus 2
p. 108 Contrast p. 109 Superheroes p. 110 What makes p. 111 A film review p. 132 Reading,
words and supervillains a hero or a villain? Language focus 1,
Language focus 2
p. 118 Second p. 119 Sci–fi stories p. 120 Living in p. 121 Space p. 133 Reading,
conditional space exploration Language focus 1,
Language focus 2
(E)ESL_SB2_Contents_INTL.indd 7 11/10/18 2:33 pm

Starter
Present tenses
Present simple & present continuous
1 Read the interview. Complete the conversation with the present simple or present continuous
form of the words in brackets.
A: 1 (you have) a best friend, Ali?

B: Yes, I do. His name is Ahmed. He 2 (go) to the same
school as me.
A: What 3 (you do) in your free time?
B: I 4 (spend) time with my family at home in the evenings.
We 5 (not go) out very often. On weekends, Ahmed and
I6 (play) football together, but we 7 (not play) this weekend
because we 8 (study) for an exam next week.
A: What are your favourite school subjects?
B: I 9 (love) languages. At my school we can choose from three
different languages.
A: What language 10 (you study) in school at the moment?
B: I 11 (learn) Chinese right now. I 12 (not know) a lot of words yet, but I 13 (get) better.
Active & passive verb forms

2 Read the passage about smartphones. Choose the correct answers.
HOME ABOUT NEWS SMARTPHONE APPS SOCIAL CONTACT
When do you think the first smartphone 1made / was made? And who
do you think 2invented / was invented it?
The first smartphone 3made / was made by IBM in the 1990s.
It 4called / was called Simon and it went on sale in 1994. At over
20 centimetres long and weighing 500 grams, it was very big and
heavy. Also, the battery died after only one hour of use. It 5cost / was
cost $900, and 50,000 phones 6sold / were sold to customers around
the world. People 7used / were used Simon to send emails, write notes
and make phone calls, of course.
Today, smartphones have a lot more features, around 2.5 billion
people 8own / are owned one, and they have completely changed
how we live. We 9use / are used them to communicate with friends, to
shop, and to play the latest video games. It 10believed / is believed that
1.5 billion smartphones 11buy / are bought every year, and smartphone
companies 12make / are made billions of dollars.
3 Complete the sentences with the passive form.

1 Zara invited everyone in her class to her party.
Everyone in Zara’s class .
2 Sometimes, the teacher gives us extra homework for the weekend.
Sometimes, we .
3 Someone stole my bag last night.
My bag .
4 They don’t make smartphones locally.
Smartphones .
5 They didn’t find the ship The Titanic until 1985.
The ship The Titanic .
(E)ESL_SB2_starter.indd 8 18/10/18 10:28 am

Past tenses
Past simple & past continuous
4 Some of the sentences contain mistakes. Correct them.
1 We were having breakfast when my phone was ringing.
2 I watched the film last night when my doorbell rang.
3 Jack was swimming in the sea when he saw a large fish.
4 What were you doing when you were seeing the accident?
5 We got ready to go out when the rain started.
6 She was looking at her phone when the teacher asked her a question.
5 Write complete sentences with the past simple or past continuous.

1 The teacher / check my homework / when / she / find a mistake
2 When / we / go / outside / the sun / shine
3 I / not hear / the storm last night / because / I sleep
4 While / I / tidy my room / find / some money
5 Sonia / study / so / miss / the cricket match
Present perfect tense

Present perfect
6 Nick and Mariam just finished a family holiday in Egypt. Complete the summary with the
present perfect and the information from the table.
Nick Mariam
make an Egyptian friend ✓ ✗
learn some Arabic ✓ ✓
visit the Khan el-Khalili bazaar in Cairo ✗ ✓
see the Sahara desert ✓ ✓
go on a boat on the Nile ✗ ✗
had a great time ✓ ✓
Nick has made an Egyptian friend at the hotel and he 1

some Arabic. He 2 the Sahara desert but he 3
the Khan el-Khalili bazaar in Cairo.
Mariam 4 any friends so far but she 5 some

Arabic. She 6
the Khan el-Khalili bazaar in Cairo and she
7
the Sahara.
They 8 on a boat on the Nile but they 9 a great

time in Egypt.

a a
Future tenses
be going to, will
7 Complete the dialogues with the words and phrases in the box and either be going
to or will. Use each word or phrase only once.
get like not be not watch open stay play do visit
A: Do you have any plans for the weekend?

B: Yes. I will be playing cricket with my friends.
1 A: What you for your holiday?
B: I’m not sure yet.
2 A: It’s very hot in the classroom.
B: I a window.
3 A: What do you plan to do for your holidays?
B: I don’t know. I think I at home.
4 A: you the cinema
this evening?
B: No. I have to take care of my little sister.
5 A: Why are you so happy?
B: My brother married.
6 A: I haven’t read this book.
B: I’m sure you it.
7 A: I didn’t pass the test.
B: The teacher happy with you.
8 A: There’s a great film on TV tonight.
B: I it. I have other plans.
Modals
can, could, can’t, couldn’t
8 Complete the fact files with can, could, can’t or couldn’t..
Famous Firsts
Aeroplanes Before December 1903, people 1 only dream of flying, but on
a winter morning, Orville and Wilbur Wright flew for the first time. Their aeroplane 2 stay in the air for
long and the flight only lasted 12 seconds. These days, the largest modern passenger planes 3 carry
over 600 people, and they 4 fly over 20 hours and more than 15,000 kilometres without stopping.
The fastest jet planes 5 fly at the speed of sound.
Submarines We 6 be certain who invented the submarine or when, but there are stories that
go back more than 2,000 years. The first working submarines we know of were made in the 1620s.
They weren’t very successful, but people 7 explore the underwater world for the first time. But today,
modern submarines 8 stay underwater for a few months and some 9
go hundreds of metres deep. Most submarines 10 even travel to the deepest
parts of the ocean.
Bicycles There were many strange designs for the first bicycles, such as the
Penny Farthing. It had a huge front wheel with the seat on top. Cyclists 11
ride at fast speeds, but they 12 stop very quickly. Today you 13 choose
from a range of designs, from racing bikes to electric bikes. The fastest electric
bikes 14 go more than 80 kilometres per hour!
10
(E)ESL_SB2_starter.indd 10 11/10/18 5:26 pm

a
Conditionals
First and second conditionals
9 Match the first part of each conditional (1 – 8) to its second part (a – h).
1 If it rains tomorrow, a if I’m late for school again.
2 If you moved far away, b I’d miss you.
3 I’ll get in trouble c if the bus doesn’t arrive?
4 I’d buy a sports car d we won’t go out.
5 If we didn’t have school tomorrow, e if I didn’t come to your party?
6 I’ll buy a new phone f I’d invite you to my house.
7 Would you be angry g if it isn’t very expensive.
8 How will you get to school h if I were rich.
10 Complete the conditionals with will, would, or do.

1 If he’s late, he phone us.
2 I tell you if I knew the answer.
3 You’ll feel tired tomorrow if you not go to bed soon.
4 If I knew Mia’s phone number, I send her a message.
5 If you eat now, you not want your dinner this evening.
6 It not be so cheap if there wasn’t a sale on.
Adjectives
Comparatives
Lions Tigers
Females: 130 kg Females: 170 kg
Weight Weight
Males: 190 kg Males: 300 kg
Length up to 2.5 metres Length up to 3 metres
Speed 80 km/h Speed 49-65 km/h
Population in wild 20,000 Population in wild 3,900
Characteristic social Characteristic solitary*
Glossary
* solitary = likes spending time alone
11 Complete the sentences with the
comparative form of the adjectives
12 Complete the sentences with not as ... as
in brackets.
and the adjectives in brackets.
1 Male tigers are than male lions. (heavy) 1 Female lions and tigers are male
2 Lions are usually than tigers. (short) lions and tigers. (heavy)
3 Lions are than tigers. (fast) 2 Lions are usually tigers. (long)
4 The wild tiger population is than the 3 Tigers are lions. (fast)
lion population. (small) 4 The wild tiger population is the
5 Lions enjoy spending time with other lions, lion population. (large)
but tigers are . (solitary) 5 Tigers are lions. (social)
11

a
13 Choose the correct answers to complete the compound adjectives.
1 a creamy / dark white cake 2 a deep / pale yellow flower 3 a light / navy blue suit
4 a light / lime pink handbag 5 dark / navy brown shoes
6 a bright / pale orange sky 7 a deep / light red jacket 8 a deep / lime green car
Pronouns
Indefinite pronouns: some, any, every, no
14 Complete the pronouns in the sentences with some, any, every, or no.
1 It’s really dark outside. I can’t see thing. 5 Why are you so angry with me? I didn’t do
2 I sometimes make mistakes. body thing wrong.
is perfect. 6 I’m not hungry. I got thing to eat at the
3 It’s so dirty. There is litter where on café earlier.
the floor. 7 The whole school is empty. one has
4 I stayed at home all day yesterday and gone home.
did thing.
12
(E)EngAhead_INT_SB2_starter.indd 12 19/12/18 3:47 PM

Articles, determiners, quantifiers
15 Read Atif’s travel blog on the Dali Museum. Complete the blog with the words in
the box. The words may be used more than once.
a the many much a little a few a lot of an
This week, I’m in the town of Figueres in Spain. Not 1 people have heard of it, but if you like art,
it has 2 amazing museum – The Dali Museum. Salvador Dali was 3 famous artist in 4
20 century. Dali was a surrealist, which means his art was often unusual and similar to a dream. There are
th
5
very strange paintings and sculptures in 6 museum, but they are really interesting and clever.
You should arrive early in 7 morning when there are only 8 visitors, because it gets very
crowded later on in the day. I don’t speak 9 Spanish, but the museum staff speak 10 English
and they are very helpful. I’m not usually 11 art fan, but this is 12 best museum I’ve ever visited.
You should definitely go!
Prepositions
Prepositions of position
16 Match the first part of each sentence (1 – 6) to its second part (a – f). Then complete
the sentences with the prepositions in the box.
as at between by in on
1 He’s got a new job in a school. He works a Jon and Maya.

2 Jon sits to my left and Maya to my right. I sit b the sea.
3 The teacher spoke to me c the supermarket.
4 Jana’s shopping. She’s d a mountain.
5 We went to a fish restaurant e a friendly voice.
6 They went skiing f a teacher.
13
(E)ESL_SB2_starter.indd 13 11/10/18 5:26 pm

1
Friends
forever
Best friends
1 Watch the video about Carla and Munah.
1.1 What are they doing?
a trekking in the forest near Chang Mai, Thailand
b rock climbing in northern Thailand
c sightseeing in Chang Mai, Thailand
1 Read and listen to the student
2 Watch the video again. Tick (✓) the 1.2 profiles. Discuss the questions.
sentences you hear. • Who has similar interests to you?
1 We’ve never done this before. • Who has a similar personality to you?
2 I’m really nice so I’ll let you go first. • Who has similar future goals to you?
3 Somewhere in the middle, you have to • Who would you like to be friends with?
go really slow. Why?
4 If I fall, will you catch me?
5 At the end of the day you are still 2 Read the profiles again. Match
my friend. the sentences to the adjectives in
bold in the student profiles.
1 He never lies to me.
• Would you like to go travelling with a friend? 2 She always wants to help me.
• Which place or country would you visit? 3 She always listens and understands
• How do you spend time together with your how I feel.
friends? What do you do? 4 He remains my friend, even when I do
something wrong.
5 He feels certain about his skills
and abilities.
6 She puts in lots of effort when studying.
7 He wants to have lots of success in
the future.
8 She refuses to change her plans or
ideas when she’s made a decision.
14
(E)ESL_SB2_U01.indd 14 11/10/18 5:27 pm

Vocabulary 1 Describing a good friend
Anita
Age: 13 From: Jakarta, Indonesia
Interest: volunteering Future goal: to be a social worker
My friends are really important to me. I’m a very caring person and I always
help my friends when they have a problem or feel unhappy. I’m also honest and
I never lie to them!
Carl
Age: 13 From: Sheffield, United Kingdom
Interest: video games Future goal: to create my own video games
I’m very loyal to my friends. They’ll always be my friends. I will never give up on
our friendship.
Hassan
Age: 14 From: Karachi, Pakistan
Interest: football Future goal: to play football for an international team
I’m crazy about football, but I’m also a very hard-working student. I usually do
a few hours of extra study after school because I want to be successful in life.
People say I’m quite ambitious.
Karen
Age: 15 From: Adelaide, Australia
Interest: helping others Future goal: to be a nurse
I’m very sympathetic to my friends. I listen to them and always try to
understand their problems and feelings.
Sarawan
Age: 12 From: Bangkok, Thailand
Interest: reading Future goal: to write a novel
I’m quite a confident person because I know I’m good at lots of things. I don’t
change my opinions often, so my friends think I’m a little stubborn sometimes.
3 Work in groups. Create a personal 4 Discuss the questions.

profile to describe your personality. • Who is your best friend? How long have you
Use the adjectives in the text. been friends?
Then introduce yourself to other • What do you like about your best friend?
group members. • What makes a good friend?
• Do you think you’re a good friend? Why?
Workbook p. 5
15
(E)ESL_SB2_U01.indd 15 4/12/18 5:15 PM

Reading Teen problems

• How do you think these teenagers are feeling? Why?
• What other problems do teenagers face?
www.teen-to-teen.blog.social/html
ABOUT BLOG PRESS CAREERS CONTACT US
Teen to teen
It’s not easy to be a teenager. This website lets teenagers get advice from one another.
Like | Reply Like | Reply

A C
I’m the captain of the school football team. My best My friend did something really bad the other day.
friend is also in the team, but he’s terrible! We haven’t He said he found the answers to next week’s Science
won a match for ages and the other players are test and he wrote them down when the teacher wasn’t
annoyed with him. They think I should tell him to looking. He’s ambitious, but he’s never been very
leave the team. I haven’t told him yet, but we have an good at Science. I don’t want him to get into trouble,
important match next week and we really need to win but he’s cheating. I don’t think it’s fair on the other
it. I don’t want to upset my friend. Should I be honest students. Can anyone help me?
and tell him? Or should I be a loyal friend and keep
him in the team?
Like | Reply
D
Like | Reply My parents have been strict with me all my life!
B After school, I have to go home and study. My friends
A new student has started at my school. Everyone go out together in the evenings, but I can’t. Also,
really likes her but I don’t understand the reason for I can only use the Internet for 30 minutes each day.
her popularity. Now my best friend Katie wants to I know my parents are very caring but I think they are
spend all her time with the new girl and I hardly ever being quite stubborn about this. I feel like I’m missing
see her. I sent Katie messages last week but she out on the fun things my friends do. I’m hard-working,
didn’t reply. When we met again, Katie said she was but I just want to have a little enjoyment in my life
at the shopping mall with our new classmate, but why sometimes. Please give me some advice!
didn’t she respond to my messages? I’ve known Katie
since we were two years old, but I think I’m losing her
friendship. What should I do?
Post
Glossary
to upset to make somebody feel unhappy or angry
cheating doing something against the rules; not being honest
missing out on failing to enjoy something
16
(E)ESL_SB2_U01.indd 16 11/10/18 5:28 pm

2 Read the website quickly. Choose the 4 A few teenagers responded to the
correct answers. website with advice. Match the advice
(1 – 4) to the paragraphs (A – D) in
1 What kind of text is it?
a a magazine article the website.
b an information leaflet www.teen-to-teen.blog.social/html
c a website forum
2 Who is it for?
a parents
Advice
1 Mariam
b teenagers I think you should be patient. If she is a good friend,
c children she’ll come back to you. If she isn’t, I’m sure you’ll
find a better friend. Maybe she isn’t even going to
3 What is its purpose? leave you.
a for experts to explain teenage problems
2 Faisal
b for teenagers to get and give advice If he isn’t helping the team, then you should tell
d for parents to find out about their him the truth. Remember that you’re the captain.
children’s problems You must do what is good for the team.
3 Read and listen to the text carefully. 3 Karen

It isn’t fair on the other students! Tell him it’s wrong
1.3 Which teenager (A – D) has this to use the answers. It’s more important to be
problem? honest than to get good marks. Maybe you can
help him study better.
1 telling the truth to a friend
2 very strict parents 4 George
3 a friend who did something wrong Life can be difficult when they are teaching you
discipline. You’ll have more freedom when you are
4 feeling jealous older. Maybe then you’ll thank your parents.
Post

• Which problem is most difficult? Why?
• Do you think the four teenagers gave
good advice?
• What other advice can you think of for
each of them?
• Who do you ask for advice when you
have a problem?

17
(E)ESL_SB2_U01.indd 17 4/12/18 5:17 PM

Language focus 1 Present perfect
1 Complete the sentences with the present

Affirmative & negative sentences perfect form of the verbs in brackets.
I/You/We/They have/haven’t Then choose the correct time adverbial.
+ past
participle 1 Sorry, I (not phone) you lately / so far. I
He/She/It has/hasn’t
(be) really busy.
2 We (be) football fans all our lives / so far.
Questions 3 The weather (not be) very nice lately / so far.
4 She (know) her best friends all her life / lately.
Have + I/you/we/they 5 It’s a good book. I (read) the first hundred
+ past participle
Has + he/she/it pages lately / so far.
2 Sara has moved to a new country. Read her

Short answers blog. Complete it with for, since or a suitable
Affirmative Negative time adverbial.
I/You/We/ I/You/ www.mypersonaltravels.blog.social/html
have haven’t
Yes, They No, We/They
He/She/It has He/She/It hasn’t Login Sign up
We use the present perfect with for and since to New Friends and a New Country
talk about something that began in the past and I haven’t updated my blog 1 . That’s because my
has lasted up to the present time. family and I moved to Australia in February! My father
We haven’t won a match for ages. (The action got a new job here. He’s been working for the same
began in the past and continues up to the present company 2 five years, but they’ve just opened
time.) some new offices here so we decided to move.
I’ve known Katie since we were two years old. It’s so hot here! They say it hasn’t rained 3
January. We’ve been to the beach every day 4
We also use the present perfect with these time we got here. It’s the only place that has cooler weather
adverbials: because of the sea breeze.
• so far – to talk about something that has or
hasn’t happened from the start and carries on The animals here are amazing. I’ve seen lots of kangaroos,
but I haven’t seen any koalas 5 . I’ve wanted to see
until now.
a koala 6 ! I really hope to see one soon.
I haven’t told him so far.
I’m working on the project. I’ve finished writing I’ve been attending a new school 7
six pages so far. one week and I’ve made two new friends
8
. They’ve lived here 9 ,
• lately – to talk about repeated actions that so they know the place really well.
happened in the near past, or something that I haven’t known them 10 very
has not happened for some time. long, but they’ve been really friendly.
I’ve seen Ali a lot lately. (a repeated action in
the near past)
I haven’t seen my cousins lately.
(something that has not happened for
some time)
• all my life – (or all her life, all their lives, etc.) to
talk about things that have always been true
and still are now.
My parents have been strict with me 3 Write sentences on these topics with
all my life! the present perfect.
1 Something you have learned lately
Tip box 2 Something you’ve wanted to do all your life
We use for with an amount of time 3 A friend you haven’t seen lately
from when a state began, and since 4 Countries you have visited so far
with the point in time a state began. 5 The happiest life events so far

18
(E)ESL_SB2_U01.indd 18 18/10/18 10:34 am

Vocabulary 2 Friendships
1 Read about Abi’s best friend. Then complete the sentences with the words and phrases
in bold.
My Older Brother
My older brother is my best friend because we get on well. He always stands up for me and
doesn’t let anyone harm me. I often share secrets with him and he won’t tell anyone. I can
always depend on him. Of course we sometimes argue and fall out. Then we stop talking to
one another. But we don’t stay angry at each other for long and we quickly make up. He’s leaving
home to go to university soon. I’ll miss him, but he’ll call home regularly so we can keep in touch.
Sometimes he’ll visit so we can hang out together again.
1 You two haven’t spoken to each other for ages, so it is good to with him and to find out
about his life.
2 If she says she’s going to do something, she’ll definitely do it. You can her.
3 You can tell Huang anything. He doesn’t with other people carelessly.
4 I am really angry with Tony, but if he apologises we’ll .
5 I have a good relationship with Min. We always with each other.
6 Sometimes, Lee and Hafiz argue and then stop being friends. They with each other.
7 My friends spend time at each other’s houses, but sometimes we at the shopping centre.
8 Kim often agrees with me, but we sometimes about which football team is the best.
9 The team blames me for losing the match, but the captain always me.
2 Read about how four people feel about 3 Complete the questions with the
their friends. Choose the correct answers. phrases in the box.
keep in touch fall out get on

hang out make up stood up for
depend on argue share secrets
1 Do you prefer to with friends online

or face to face? Why?
2 Why do you think you well with
your best friend?
3 If you with a friend, who usually
tries to first?
A My best friend, Sarah, is great because I can
4 Have you ever a friend who was
1
argue / share my secrets with her and I know
bullied? What happened?
she won’t tell anyone. Also, I can 2depend on /
5 Where do you usually with your
get on well her when I have a problem.
friends at the weekend?
6 Who do you trust the most? Who do you
B Hasan is my best friend. He always helps
with?
when I’m having trouble with my school work.
7 Who do you when you don’t
Sometimes we 3fall out / hang out, because
understand what the teacher said?
we have very different personalities, but I
8 Who do you fight with the most? Who do you
always say sorry and we 4make up /
with?
stand up for soon afterwards.
4 Discuss the questions in exercise 3.
C I haven’t seen my best friend Eshal since
she moved to another town. I used to
5
get on well / hang out with her every day after
school and at the weekends, so I feel quite
lonely now. We still 6keep in touch / stand up for
online occasionally but it’s not the same.
D My best friend is really funny and makes

me laugh a lot, but sometimes he doesn’t
7
argue / get on well with other students in the
school. I always 8fall out with / stand up for
him because he’s a good friend. Workbook p. 9
19
(E)ESL_SB2_U01.indd 19 11/10/18 5:28 pm

Language focus 2 Abstract nouns
Abstract nouns describe ideas rather than things 4 Wei’s funny, kind and interesting to talk to.
we can see, hear or touch. Many abstract nouns He’s got a great .
are made with the suffixes -ship, -hood, -ment, 5 I went bungee jumping on my last holiday.
-ity and -ness. It’s a fun .
6 Sam passed the test. It was a great .
Noun Suffix Abstract Noun 3 Choose the correct answers.

friend + ship = friendship
child + hood = childhood
Verb Suffix Abstract Noun

enjoy + ment = Enjoyment
Adjective Suffix Abstract Noun

popular ity
+ ness
popularity
= happiness
Best Friends Forever
happy
Tip box
Some words need spelling
changes. (e.g. happy → happiness).
I think I’m losing his friendship.

I just want to have a little enjoyment in my life.
I don’t understand the reason for his popularity.
1 Make abstract nouns with the suffixes

in the box. Use a dictionary to help you.
I really 1enjoy / enjoyment hanging out with my
-hood -ship -ment -ity -ness best 2friend / friendship Kate. I’ve known her
since 3children / childhood. Actually, everyone
1 active likes her. She’s really 4popular / popularity!
2 adult She’s so cool and I think that’s the reason
3 argue for her 5popular / popularity. But I like Kate
4 achieve because of her 6kind / kindness. She’s caring
5 kind and sympathetic. I think our 7friend / friendship
6 member will last forever.
7 neighbour
8 lonely
9 personal 4 Complete the words with suitable
10 relation suffixes. Finish the sentences with
ideas of your own.
1 My favourite kind of entertain
abstract nouns in exercise 1. is .
1 I have a difficult with my brother. 2 The most important quality of friend
We don’t get on well. is .
2 I always spend time with friends because I 3 I have feelings of sad when I .
hate the feeling of . 4 I get a lot of enjoy from .
3 They had a bad but they’ve made up 5 One active that I really enjoy is .
with each other now.

20
(E)EngAhead_INT_SB2_U01.indd 20 19/12/18 3:47 PM

Listening Stories about friends
1 Look at the photos. Imagine you are in

these places. Discuss the questions.
• How would you feel?
• How would you spend your time?
2 Read the descriptions of three novels.

Match the descriptions (1 – 3) to the
photos (a – c).
1 A group of boys must learn to live together
on a small island without any adults.
2 Two teenagers have adventures in a small
town in the USA.
3 After a storm at sea, a boy and a tiger find
themselves in a small boat in the middle of
the Pacific Ocean.
a
3 Listen to three friends discussing their
1.4 favourite novels. Match the descriptions
(1 – 3) in exercise 2 to their titles.
The Adventures of Tom Sawyer
Life of Pi
Lord of the Flies
4 Listen again. What are the characters

like? Choose the correct answers.
1 Tom is creative / stubborn.
2 Huckleberry is careful / clever.
3 Ralph is clever / popular.
4 Richard Parker is dangerous / lonely.
5 Pi is clever / friendly.
5 Now listen again. Answer the questions.

1 What do Tom and Huckleberry have b
in common?
2 Why does Amy like Ralph’s character?
3 Why do you think Richard Parker needs Pi?
4 Which of these books would you like to
read? Why?
6 Discuss a book you have enjoyed.

• What is the book title?
• Who are the main characters?
• How are their relationships with one another?
• What happens in the story?
• Why do you like it?
• How did the story affect or influence you?
21
(E)ESL_SB2_U01.indd 21 18/10/18 10:37 am

Speaking Compliments
1 Discuss the questions. 3 Listen again. Complete the sentences

• When did you last give someone a with phrases in the Useful phrases box.
compliment? Why did you give it? 1 winning the volleyball match.
• What was the last compliment that you 2 I think you .
received? Why did you receive it? 3 I your hair.
• How do you feel when you receive a 4 That style . It you.
compliment? 5 You’re Maths.
• What effect would giving compliments have
in your family and friendship group? 4 Complete the table with your answers
in exercise 3.
2 Listen to Sara and Maria having a
1.5 conversation. Choose what they Ability Appearance
compliment each other on. Well done on winning I like your
the volleyball match! new shirt!
clothes volleyball skills hair
family phone shoes
Maths knowledge
5 Work in pairs. Take turns to give and
Useful phrases receive compliments on each other’s
• abilities and skills.
Giving a compliment • personality.
• Well done on (passing the exam). • belongings.
• I think you did really well.
• I love / like your (jacket). Your new glasses really
• It looks great. suit you, Imran.
• It really suits you.
• You’re good at (tennis).
Receiving a compliment That’s kind of you to say.
• Thank you. / Thanks very much.

• That’s kind of you to say.
• Do you think so? Thanks!
22
(E)ESL_SB2_U01.indd 22 18/10/18 10:10 am

Writing What makes a good friend?
3 Read the second part of Adnan’s essay.

Add the examples and explanations
(1 – 2) to the correct paragraphs (a – b).
1 Jane, for instance, regularly comes over to
our home to watch television with my sister.
2 This means we always have something
to talk about and we enjoy one another’s
company.
Good friends, moreover, should make effort

to spend quality time with one another. a
As a result, my sister and Jane have become
close friends.
• What does it mean to be a good friend?
• Do you think good friends need to share the Finally, I think friends need to like the same things.
same interests? Why? Why not? For example, my best friend and I love cricket.
We never miss a match when Pakistan are playing.
Subskill b
Developing an argument In conclusion, a good friend should be ...

Introduction
Introduce the essay topic. Explain what you are
going to write about in the essay. 4 Write an essay on this topic ‘What makes
Main paragraphs a good friend?’
For each paragraph, write one opinion in a topic
sentence to answer the essay’s question. Then use • Make notes. Write down three opinions.
examples and explanations to support your opinion. Use a few explanations and examples to
support these opinions.
Conclusion
• Think of a suitable introduction.
Repeat the reasons you have mentioned in the
• Write the essay using your notes.
essay using fewer words.
Paragraph 1: Introduction (explain what the essay is

2 Read the first part of Adnan’s essay on about)
what makes a good friend. Complete
the topic sentences (a – b) with the
Paragraph 2: (first opinion + supporting details)
opinions (1 – 2).
1 a true friend should never lie to you
2 a good friend tries to understand Paragraph 3: (second opinion + supporting details)
your feelings
Paragraph 4: (third opinion + supporting details)

What Makes a Good Friend?
... In this essay, I will give my opinion about what
makes a good friend. Paragraph 5: Conclusion (repeat ideas from
paragraphs 2 – 4)
In my opinion, a . For example, everybody in
my class passed a test except me last month.
They were very excited, but my friend understood
that I was sad. He tried to make me feel happy 5 Check your essay in exercise 4.
again. He is an example of a good friend because Have you used
he doesn’t just think about himself.
• a suitable introduction?
In addition, b
. Some people only say nice things, • clear topic sentences and supporting details?
but a real friend tells the truth even when it is difficult • correct punctuation and spelling?
to hear. For example, my best friend is always honest • correct grammar and vocabulary?
with me. For this reason, I always trust him.
Workbook p. 12
23
(E)ESL_SB2_U01.indd 23 11/10/18 5:28 pm

2 1
2.2
Listen to five pieces of music.
Match the pieces of music
(1 – 5) to the photos (a – e).
Making
music Classical
a
Music from the past

1 Listen to five people talking about music
2.1 from the 1990s. Which question do they b
answer? Tick (✓) the correct answer.
1 What is your favourite band from Pop
the 90s?
2 What do you think about music from
the 90s?
3 How often do you listen to music from
the 90s?
2 Listen again. Match the opinions (1 – 5) to

the speakers (a – e). c
1 Speaker feels embarrassed about
90s fashion. Rock
2 Speaker dislikes music with real
musical instruments.
3 Speaker thinks some of the music from
that time have important messages.
4 Speaker believes some 90s music will
continue to be popular in the future.
5 Speaker enjoys dancing to 90s music.

d
• Do you ever listen to music from the past?
Which songs do you listen to? Hip hop
• How different is your taste in music from
your parents’?
• How has music changed since the 1990s?
Is it better or worse? Why?
• How do you think music will change in the future?
Reggae
24
(E)ESL_SB2_U02.indd 24 11/10/18 5:29 pm

Vocabulary 1 What’s in a song?
2 Read and listen to the forum thread. Complete the definitions with the words in bold.
2.3
Search
Music Industry Musicians Music
Who is the most talented musician or composer of all time?

Answer Request
4 Answers
Abi
I think it’s Bruno Mars because he knows how to have fun with his songs. Hits like
Uptown Funk have a catchy tune that is easy to remember. I often laugh when I listen
to the lyrics.
Lee
JS Bach! You can listen to his work many times and always hear something new
because each instrument plays a different rhythm. Don’t listen to recorded music,
though. Go to a concert and hear it live. It’s a completely different experience to have a
large orchestra in front of you.
Ibrahim
Michael Jackson songs have a beat that you just want to dance to. His album Thriller
sold nearly 30 million copies so you know he’s good!
Zara
Queen are an old rock band but they’re brilliant. I love We Are The Champions.
The verses tell a simple story, but the main message in the chorus is really positive.
It makes me feel happy about the world.
1 The words in a song are the . 6 Songs often have several that tell the
2 music is made in a studio, so you can story of the song.
listen to it whenever you want. 7 The is repeated after each verse and
3 If you hear music, the musicians are contains the main message of the song.
playing in front of you. 8 The is made up of the musical sounds
4 A is a regular pattern of sounds that in a song, which we sing along to.
you hear in a song.
5 The is the basic, regular sound that is
often played on the drums.
3 Complete the table with the names of bands or musicians in each column.
LL L K J JJ
I can’t stand … I don’t like … I don’t mind … I like … I love …
4 Discuss the questions with your answers in exercise 3.

� Who do you think is the most talented band or � Is there a type of music that you dislike?
musician ever? Why? What do you dislike about it?
� Do you have a favourite song? What do you � How important is music in your life?
like about it?
Workbook p. 13
25
(E)ESL_SB2_U02.indd 25 18/10/18 10:39 am

Reading The rise of K-pop

• What is K-pop and where does K-pop come from?
• Do you know the name of any K-pop bands? Which ones?
• Why do you think K-pop became popular around the world?
2 Read and listen to the report about K-pop. Then check your answers in exercise 1.
2.4
A
D
In South Korea today, K-pop is a billion-dollar
success story. There are millions of fans from For K-pop stars, however, the road to success
all over the world, and each group has its loyal is not easy but this doesn’t stop hundreds of
followers. Fans know all the words to their favourite teenagers trying to become the next big star.
groups’ songs, practise the dance routines and First, these artists must have the right look: cute
dress in the same fashion. At times, K-pop stars faces with big eyes. Then, they must sing and
have been more famous than some of the biggest dance well. After that, they must get an audition
American pop stars. with a music company, but only a handful are
accepted. The music companies choose the band
B members to create the band after the auditions.
The new group must live together and they spend
K-pop started in South Korea in the 1990s and its
every day studying music, dance and foreign
international popularity grew gradually at first.
languages. They train for years before they make a
Both Korean and American music styles influenced
song, but despite their hard work, most bands fail.
the first K-pop artists. The first songs were sung in
Korean but groups like H.O.T. also wanted to record
songs in other languages. The mix of different E
languages and cultures began to attract a lot of
foreign fans, and when YouTube started in 2005, Today, K-pop’s style is changing. For a long time,
artists found they could increase their popularity by it was about good looks and simple pop tunes.
uploading music videos. The lyrics didn’t have a lot of meaning. However,
more recent K-pop songs have important social
C messages. In their song Just Right, GOT7 sing
about how we think too much about appearance
Another big part of K-pop’s success is its and not what someone is like on the inside.
dedicated fan clubs. Every group has at least
one club which follows their band’s every move.
At concerts, fans like wearing the same outfit to
show their club membership. These clubs, called
‘fandoms’, share photos and videos online to
increase their band’s fame.
26
(E)ESL_SB2_U02.indd 26 11/10/18 5:29 pm

Subskill
4 Now read the report again. Complete
Understanding main points the sentences with words or phrases in
A main point of a paragraph tells us what it the report.
is about. Often, we find the main point in the
first sentence of a paragraph. The rest of the 1 K-pop started to become famous around the
paragraph gives details to support the main point. world in .
To find the main point of a paragraph, look for 2 K-pop first became popular in other countries
when groups sang songs in different .
• key words in the first sentence.
3 Fans show their club by dressing in
• specific ideas that suggest a main idea.
similar clothes.
4 create new bands after auditions.
5 Today the of K-pop is different from
3 Read the report again. Match the main the past.
points (1 – 5) to the paragraphs (A – E).
1 It is difficult to become a K-pop star. 5 Discuss the questions.
2 K-pop is very popular around the world. • How famous is K-pop in your country?
3 K-pop today is not the same as it used • What do you think of K-pop? Do you have a
to be. favourite K-pop artist? Who is it?
4 K-pop’s international success happened • Would you like to be a singer or dancer?
slowly. Why? Why not?
5 K-pop fans have been important in its • How do you think social media influences
success. what music is popular today?
Glossary
influence to have an effect on something
dedicated loyal
outfit a set of clothes someone wears
audition a short performance given by a singer or actor
to see if he is good enough to be part of a band or film

27
(E)ESL_SB2_U02.indd 27 4/12/18 5:20 PM

Language focus 1 Determiners
determiner (the/my/his/etc.) + plural noun all (of) the students

all (of) +
pronoun (you/us/them/etc.) all of them
All means everything in a group (three or more). We usually use all or all of before noun phrases.
Fans know all the words to their favourite groups’ songs.
All (of ) the people at the party had a good time.
both + plural noun both brothers

both (of) + determiner (the/my/his/etc.) + plural noun both (of) her brothers
pronoun (you/us/them/etc.) both of them
Both refers to two people or things. We use both before a plural noun. We can use both and both of
before noun phrases.
Both Korean and American music styles influenced the first K-pop artistes.
Students thought both (of ) the exams were difficult.
Tip box
We must use all of and both of before object pronouns (us/you/them).
each + singular noun each song
Each refers to a single member of a group. We use each with singular nouns only.
Each person in the band sings well.
every + singular noun every person
Every refers to all members of a group. It has a similar meaning to all, but we use every with
singular nouns.
Every page on this book has a number.
1 Complete the text with all, both, each 4 I’m in a basketball team with my two cousins.
or every. are in a basketball team with me. (both)
5 She plays video games at the weekends.
1
of the people in my family love music. She plays video games . (every)
I think it’s because 2 my parents are music 6 Mariam knows everyone in the club.
teachers and so my house is full of music Mariam knows of the club. (members)
3
the time. I play the guitar and the piano. 7 There aren’t any cheap phones in the shop.
I love playing 4 of them but I think the guitar in the shop are expensive. (all)
is my favourite instrument. It is difficult because
5
hand has to do something very different 3 Complete the sentences with all, both,
from the other. Next month, I have to play in a each or every. Finish each sentence
school concert so I’m practising 6 day.
with an idea of your own.
I hope 7 my friends enjoy the show!
verytimeIhearTaylorSwift’ssad
E
2 Complete the second sentence with the songs,Ifeellikecrying.
words in brackets and all, both, each 1 I love the music by .
or every. Make sure it has the same 2 time I hear , I want
meaning as the first. to .
3 my parents listen to .
1 Everyone in my class likes pop music.
4 song on my phone is .
in my class like pop music. (students)
5 my friends enjoy listening to .
2 I’ve bought the complete set of his albums.
I’ve bought he’s ever made. (album)
3 I always cry when I hear this song.
I cry I hear this song. (time)

28
(E)ESL_SB2_U02.indd 28 4/12/18 5:21 PM

Vocabulary 2 My music

• What are the people doing?
• Have you ever participated in these activities?
2 Read the text. Match the definitions to

be really into follow perform live
the words and phrases in bold. release stream
Music’s important to me. I often hum a tune when
I’m doing my homework. It helps me concentrate. A: Do you 4 Somi online?
I’m really into Khalid’s new song at the moment. B: Yes, I do. She’s my favourite artist. I saw her
It is so interesting! I know the lyrics by heart. 5
last year at a concert, and I 6
I’m able to recall the words with no mistakes when her videos regularly.
I sing his song. I’ve never seen him perform live A: Did you know she’s going to 7 a new
in front an audience, but I follow him online so album soon?
when he releases his next song I can download B: No, I didn’t.
it. It usually costs $1.99. I create playlists on my
smartphone for different times of the day.
For example, in the morning I listen to dance 4 Listen and check your answers
music because it wakes me up, but I have
2.5 to exercise 3.
playlists of relaxing music for the evenings so I
can fall asleep easily. Also, I often stream music 5 Choose the correct answers.
videos on the Internet and I try to copy the dance 1 Which bands do you follow / release online?
moves. Sometimes, I sing along but I can’t sing 2 Have you ever seen your favourite artist
in tune so I only do it when I’m alone. stream / perform live? What was he or she like?
1 to make lists of songs that you play on 3 How good at singing are you? Can you sing
a phone along / in tune?
2 to remember the lyrics correctly 4 Which songs do you know by heart /
3 to watch music videos online sing in tune?
4 to sing the tune of a song correctly 5 Which types of music are you follow / really into?
5 to sing together with the song as it is played
6 to sing a tune without any words, keeping 6 Discuss the questions in exercise 5.
your mouth closed
7 to find out about a singer online
8 to play music or sing to a crowd
9 to start to sell a new song
10 to be very interested in something
3 Complete the dialogues with the

phrases in the box. There is one extra
phrase in each box.
not really into know it by heart

sing in tune sing along
A: Do you like this song?

B: I love it! I always 1 when I hear it. How
about you?
A: No. I’m 2 this pop group. I don’t think
they can 3 to be honest.
Workbook p. 17
29
(E)ESL_SB2_U02.indd 29 16/10/18 10:46 am

Language focus 2 verb + -ing or to
want like
enjoy prefer love
hate hope start (verb) + -ing
finish + (verb) + -ing plan + to + infinitive begin + or
practise decide continue to + infinitive
be learn prefer
agree
Some verbs are followed by a second verb in the -ing form.

K-popfanslikewearingthesameoutfits.
Others are followed by to + infinitive.

TheK-popgroupH.O.T. wanted torecord songsinotherlanguages.
Some verbs are followed by both the -ing or to + infinitive.

Musicwill continue tochange astimegoesby.
Music continues changing astimegoesby.
1 Choose the correct answers. 3 Make sentences with the activities

1 Kim is learning playing / to play the piano. in the box. Say how much you like or
2 Would you like seeing / to see Girls’ Generation dislike doing them.
perform live?
3 Ollie and Sara plan going / to go to the do homework swim
music festival. play video games fall out with a friend
4 Ahmed can’t stand listening / to listen to eat ice cream listen to music
hip hop. be late for school go on holiday
5 Frank hopes learning / to learn the tabla tidy my room watch a horror film
one day.
6 I don’t mind getting up / to get up early in the
morning.
I can’t stand being late for
7 We enjoy being / to be students. school!
8 I like doing / to do my homework in the
morning when it’s quiet.
2 Complete the text with the correct form 4 Work in pairs. Compare your sentences
of the verbs in brackets. in exercise 3. What activities do you
When Yusuf was a child, he didn’t want 1 both like or dislike doing?
(be) a musician. At school, he never learned
2
(play) an instrument, but he enjoyed
3
(listen) to all kinds of music. At 11 years
old, he finally decided 4 (learn) the guitar.
He practised every day and now he’s a famous
guitarist. He loves 5 (perform) live in big
theatres or concert halls. He’s quite shy but he
doesn’t mind 6 (be) famous. He enjoys
7
(meet) his fans, but he can’t stand
8
(watch) his performances online.

30
(E)ESL_SB2_U02.indd 30 18/10/18 10:20 am

Listening The life of Beethoven
1 Look at the pictures. Discuss the questions.

• What musical instruments can you see?
• What type of music do you think the people are playing?
• What do you know about Beethoven?
2 Match the words (1 – 5) to the definitions (a – e). Use a dictionary to help you.
1 composer a cannot hear
2 deaf b person with strong natural skills, usually in art or science
3 genius c feelings such as happiness, love, anger
4 pianist d person who plays the piano
5 emotion e person who writes music
3 Listen to an introduction to Beethoven’s 6 Work in groups. Research the life

2.6 life. Answer the questions. of a famous musician or composer.
1 How many pieces of music did Present your report to your classmates.
PB PB
Beethoven write? Include

2 How did he change classical music? • his/her early life.
3 How long ago did he die? • his/her rise to fame.
• his/her famous works.
4 Listen to the rest of the commentary. • his/her later life.
2.7 Are the sentences true (T) or false (F)? • his/her importance today.
Correct the false sentences.
1770 Bonn Germany
Beethoven was born 1670 in Calais, France F
1 Beethoven had an easy childhood.
2 He started to go deaf in his 20s.
3 In later life, he didn’t worry about the clothes
he wore.
4 His life was full of happiness.
5 Listen again. Put the events of

Beethoven’s life in the order you
hear them.
a moved to Vienna
b born in 1770, in the city of Bonn
c died in 1827
d learned to play the piano
e started working as a pianist
f began to have problems with his hearing
g became almost completely deaf
h became a popular composer
31
(E)ESL_SB2_U02.indd 31 11/10/18 5:30 pm

Speaking Talking to the stars
1 Look at the photo. Discuss the questions.

• Who are the people?
• Where do you think they are?
• What are they doing?
2 Listen to an interview with Jason, 4 Work in pairs. Read the instructions below.
2.8 a successful pop star. Tick (✓) the Student A is an interviewer. Student B is a
questions that the interviewer asks. pop star. Interview each other.
What type of music do you listen to?
Student A
Why did you want to be a pop star?
Interview a famous pop star. Use five
What instruments do you play? questions from exercise 2 to conduct the
Who is your favourite singer or band interview. You may think of a few more
at the moment? questions of your own.
What’s the next step in your career?
What do you think is your biggest
achievement? Student B
What do you do in your free time? Imagine you are a famous pop star.
Think about how to answer the questions
What kind of person are you in private?
from exercise 2. Use phrases from the
Useful phrases box during the interview.
3 Listen again and complete Jason’s
answers to the questions.
1 Well, . I’m a really relaxed person 5 Work in pairs. Exchange roles with your
when I’m around friends and family. friend. Interview each other.
2 ... I don’t have much free time.
3 That’s .
4 Hmm, for a moment. Have you always wanted
to be a pop star?
Useful phrases
That’s an interesting
Give yourself time to think question. No, I haven’t.
When people ask us questions, sometimes At first, I wanted to be a
we need to think before answering. Here are film star.
some useful ways to give ourselves time.
• That’s an interesting question.
• Let me think ...
• Let’s see ...
• I need to think about that.
32
(E)ESL_SB2_U02.indd 32 18/10/18 9:26 am

Writing Life as a pop star
1 Look at the photos. Discuss the Tip box

questions.
• How do pop stars spend their day?
Using commas
• Do you think famous people have an easy or When we begin a sentence with a time
difficult life? Why? phrase, such as ‘after that’ or ‘meanwhile’,
we add a comma after the phrase.
2 Read about how a pop star spends her
day. Complete the diary entry with the
words and phrases in the box. 3 Work in groups. Imagine you are
pop stars for a day. Answer the questions.
and then After By the end of 1 What interesting activities can you do as
Later Meanwhile pop stars?
2 What are some good and bad things that could
happen to you during your day as a pop star?
Life as We Know It! 4 Write about your day as a pop star using
your notes in exercise 3.
I was up at 6 am and went for my morning Check your work. Have you included
run. A few photographers were around taking
pictures, but I ignored them. • good, bad and interesting things that happened?
1
that, my personal chef, Henri, • correct punctuation and spelling?
prepared a delicious breakfast for me, • correct grammar and vocabulary?
2
I rushed to the studio. A few fans
were outside so I spoke to them for a while.
You have to keep them happy! 3 ,
the rest of the band arrived, and we went
inside to record a new song. It sounded
amazing and we felt certain our fans would
love it. Then, we practised the dance moves
for our next music video.
4
on, I visited the airport. My private
plane is too small and I wanted to buy a bigger
one. It wasn’t hard to find the perfect plane and
it cost only $10 million.
5
the day, I was tired. I sat by the pool
and Henri made me my favourite food: pizza!
Workbook p. 20
33
(E)ESL_SB2_U02.indd 33 12/12/18 2:56 PM

Self-Check A
1 Complete the article with five of the sentences below. There are three extra sentences.
Do we really need a
best friend? a
Do you have a best friend? Some people have one person they trust and do everything together
a single
with, but a lot of us have several friendships. Research shows that it is normal not to have
a
best friend, but to have a small group of close friends.
in our
We usually make strong friendships during our childhood and teenage years. During this time
with other people. A best friend helps you learn
lives, we learn skills to communicate and get on well
these skills. 1
This is because they can help us learn how to get on with people with different
interests and personalities.
2
For example, perhaps you prefer playing a sport with one friend, but you like chatting with
another friend. As a result, we learn to enjoy the company of different people for different reasons.
move to
But it is also important to have friends who you are not very close to, especially when you
You can first try and get to know more people by joining a sports or social
another town or city. 3
when you already know a large group of

club. It will be easier for you to make new, close friends
people. You should then spend time getting to
know some of these
people better.
4
Firstly, it is helpful to be a good
listener, and to ask questions about
his or her life and interests. Secondly,
give a compliment. You should always
be honest, but always look for
something positive to say. 5
Social media is great for catching
up with lots of people, but if you
want to develop a close, real-life
relationship with someone, you will
have more success by hanging out
face to face.
a So if you do not have one person you call your ‘best friend’, you are not alone.
b It is useful to have a similar interest, but there are other things that can increase your chances of
developing a close friendship with someone new.
c We make a lot of friends during our lifetime.
d However, it is much easier when we have more than one good friend.
e If you feel you do not have a close friend you can trust, you need to meet more people.
f Lastly, do not spend all your time online.
g People experience greater happiness when they have more than one close friend, because each
relationship is different.
h For example, a person who is honest and sympathetic towards other people rarely feels lonely.
i This can be a difficult time, especially if you have a shy personality.
34
(E)ESL_SB2_U02.indd 34 16/10/18 10:47 am

2 Complete the profile with the correct answers.
HOME | ARCHIVE | AUTHOR PAGE
Hi, I’m Min-jun. I’m 13 years old and I’m from

Busan in South Korea. I’ve lived there all my life.
My favourite free-time activity is playing football.
I’m the goalkeeper for my school team. I’ve been
in the team 1 two years. We 2 not very
good when I started, but now we are quite good.
In fact, we’ve won 3 match this season.
My favourite subject 4 school is Science.
When I finish school, I’d like 5 be an
engineer. Both 6 my parents are engineers,
so I think they can help me.
3 Write a 100-word reply to the email below.
Hi Ahmad,
How are you? I’ve been really excited lately, because I’ve started learning the guitar. It’s my favourite
instrument, and I’ve wanted to learn to play it all my life. Of course, I’m not very good yet. Which instruments
do you play? Which instruments would you like to learn? Why?
I love listening to pop music, because it makes me want to dance. I can’t stand listening to classical music
because it makes me feel sleepy. What kinds of music do you like and dislike? Why do you like or dislike them?
I hope to hear from you soon.
Bye,
Bao
Send A
4 Listen and choose the correct answers.

1 What activity is Ali going to do this weekend? 4 What did Kim do on Saturday?
a watch a football match a went to the cinema
b hang out at a shopping mall b went to the shopping centre
c play a video game c went to a birthday party
2 What instrument has the speaker decided 5 Where does the boy think he left his phone?
to learn? a school library
a guitar b classroom
b piano c cafeteria
c drums
6 What type of music video is the speaker
3 What time do the friends plan to meet? watching?
a 5.45 pm a hip hop
b 6.00 pm b rock music
c 6.15 pm c classical music
35
(E)ESL_SB2_U02.indd 35 11/10/18 5:30 pm

3 1
3.2
Read and listen to the fact
files about different modes
of transport.
• Which mode of transport do you
Move
think would be the most enjoyable
on up
to use? Why?
2 Read the fact files again.

Complete the sentences with
the words in bold in the fact
files.
1 The looks like a bus, but it
runs on rails on the roads.
2 In London, the subway is called the
or .
3 The is a type of train that
runs on only one rail over a short
distance.
4 Talk with the driver about the
journey’s cost before getting into
City traffic a .
5 A is a boat used to carry
1 Watch the video. What is it about?
people or goods across a river or
3.1 Tick (✓) the correct answer. narrow sea.
1 How traffic jams are bad for a city 6 You can use a to cycle
2 How technology can be used to around London, but don’t forget to
manage traffic wear a helmet.
3 Why people should take public
transport rather than drive cars 3 Put the words in bold in the fact
files into the correct categories.
2 Watch the video again. Are the sentences
true (T), false (F) or not given (NG)? Roads Railway tracks Water
1 With a public transport system in place, there rickshaws

will be no car owners.
2 When limited land is available, expressways
should be built as they take up less space.
3 Expressways were built to move people away
from the city centre. • How do you travel to school?
4 The use of technology can help to stop traffic • What type of transport do you
jams due to accidents or breakdowns. dislike taking? Why?
5 An intelligent transport system requires only • Choose a type of transport in your
two things – surveillance cameras and speed city or town. What tip would you
detectors. suggest for it?
• What type of transport would you
3 Discuss the questions. suggest for a tourist who wants to
travel around your country? Why?
• Do you think it’s a good idea to have cameras
on expressways? Why?
• How does your hometown manage traffic?
36
(E)ESL_SB2_U03.indd 36 10/12/18 1:50 PM

Vocabulary 1 City transport
HONG KONG
Hop on a tram to do some sightseeing. Ride on the upper
deck for a better view.
Tip: Prepare the exact fare in cash.
Other Types of Transport: ferry, subway, bus, taxi, car
SYDNEY
Travelling by ferry is a relaxing way to get to the city’s
Central Business District.
Tip: Keep a lookout for interesting sea life – whales, penguins
and more!
Other Types of Transport: train, bus, taxi, car
KUALA LUMPUR
The city’s monorail is not very long, but it is the best way
to visit the city’s shopping and entertainment areas.
Tip: Take it during rush hour to save time.
Other Types of Transport: train, light rail, bus, taxi, car
KARACHI
Rickshaws are a popular and cheap way of getting
around, especially for short distances.
Tip: Agree on the price before you get in.
Other Types of Transport: minibus, bus, motorbike,
train, boat, car
LONDON
The Tube, or underground, goes under the city and is a
convenient way to visit all the main tourist sites.
Tip: Save time and money by buying a pre-paid travel card.
Other Types of Transport: train, bus, taxi, bicycle, car
Workbook p. 21
37
(E)ESL_SB2_U03.indd 37 11/10/18 5:32 pm

Reading New places
a b c
d e
1 Look at the photos. Discuss the 5 Jack posted some messages on social
questions. media while travelling. Where was
• Where are these places? he when he posted them?
• Would you enjoy visiting them? Why? 1 And I thought these creatures only lived in
the sea. Amazing!
2 Read and listen to Jack’s travel blog. 2 These buildings are great. It’s hard to believe
3.3 Number (1 – 5) the photos (a – e) in the they were built 800 years ago.
order that Jack visited these places. 3 My feet hurt after all that walking today.
I’m glad I’ve got a comfortable bed to sleep
3 Read the blog again. Match the in tonight.
activities (1 – 5) to the places (a – e). 4 I’ve been nothing but hot and sweaty for the
last few months. It’s so nice to finally feel
1 diving a the Perhentian
some sea breeze!
Islands, Malaysia
5 After a hard day’s work, I feel satisfied that
2 kayaking b Tufi, Papua New
I’ve done my part to help these
Guinea
beautiful animals.
3 riding a scooter c the Mekong
River, Laos 6 Work in pairs. Imagine you are going
4 volunteering d Angkor, Cambodia
to travel the world for six months.
5 trekking e Kubah National
Park, Malaysia Plan your trip. Share your answers
with the class. Include
4 Answer the questions. • five places to visit.
1 Where does Jack live? • reasons for visiting them.
2 What kinds of places do you think Jack • what you will do there.
likes visiting? • what unique features you will see at each place.
3 Why did Jack have ‘mixed feelings’ when he • how you will get around each place.
arrived home?
4 How did Jack feel about each place?
38
(E)ESL_SB2_U03.indd 38 11/10/18 5:32 pm

Home About Us
Five months in Southeast Asia

The flight to Papua New Guinea took less than was a perfect place for scuba diving. At first I was
seven hours, but I felt like I was in a different world. nervous to try it, but I quickly relaxed when I saw my
They speak over 800 languages here but English first fish. In fact, there were hundreds of them and
isn’t widely spoken. They don’t speak Cantonese other sea creatures, too.
either. So I hired a guide to show me around.
We started in Tufi and spent three weeks trekking Next, I flew to Laos where I went kayaking along
through the jungle. The forest was full of insects and the Mekong River. The scenery was wonderful and
the sounds of exotic animals. At night, we stayed I saw lots of unusual wildlife as well. I was surprised
in different villages. The villagers wore amazing, to learn that there is even a species of dolphin that
colourful costumes made from local materials, lives in the river!
and they made us feel very welcome.
From Laos, I took a bus to Phnom Penh, Cambodia
My next stop was Kubah National Park in Borneo. where I caught a ferry up the river and across
It’s a place of spectacular natural beauty. This Tonle Sap Lake to Siem Reap. Then, I hired a
wasn’t a typical tourist visit, though. I worked as a scooter to get around the ancient temples of Angkor.
volunteer at an orangutan sanctuary for two months, I loved Angkor Wat, but I also thought Ta Prohm was
preparing the animals’ food and keeping the place beautiful with trees growing out of its ruins.
clean. It sounds boring but I loved being near these
fascinating creatures. The loss of natural habitat is Back in Hong Kong, I had mixed feelings. I was
a serious issue for orangutans and I was glad to do happy to be home but, immediately, I started to
something to help. plan my next adventure. I’ll write more about that
next time.
After that, it was time for something different so I
travelled to the Perhentian Islands off the northeast Glossary
coast of Malaysia. After weeks in the hot and humid
rainforest, it felt great to get to the seaside. And this exotic unusual and foreign
volunteer a person who agrees to work for no money
sanctuary a safe place
habitat an area where an animal lives
ruins the broken parts of a very old building

39
(E)ESL_SB2_U03.indd 39 18/10/18 10:42 am

Language focus 1 Prepositions of movement
We use prepositions of movement to talk about how somebody or something moves.

Common prepositions include:
into out of towards The Tube, or underground, goes under the city.
We started in Tufi and spent three weeks walking through
the jungle.
It felt great to get into the sea.
I went kayaking along the Mekong River.
along I took a bus towards my school.
I caught a ferry across Tonle Sap Lake.
Tip box
over under
around across We use prepositions at the beginning
of nouns or noun phrases.
to school across the street
through the park into the sea
through
1 Complete Murat’s postcard by choosing the correct prepositions.
Hello from Istanbul, this is an exciting city! Today, we

went 1across / out of from our hotel and took a tram
2
towards / across the city centre, but we got off early so we
could go 3along / into the Covered Market. It was so large
inside that we got completely lost! Eventually, we found an
exit on the wrong side of the market and we had to walk
4
around / above the market back to the main entrance.
After that, we went 5along / into the road to the Blue Mosque.
When we went 6into / through the entrance and 7into /
under the prayer hall, I was surprised at how peaceful it
was inside.
Then, we boarded a taxi 8into / to the waterfront and we took a ferry 9across / through the Bosphorus
channel to the Asian side of the city. We walked 10towards / along streets full of interesting shops and cafés
until we found a nice restaurant for dinner.
It was late by the time we finished our meal and the ferries had stopped, so we went on the underground
which goes 11under / through the Bosphorus, back to the European part of the city. When we came
12
across / out of the underground, we were right next to our hotel again.
See you soon,

Murat
2 Listen and check your answers to exercise 1.

3.4
3 Match the sentence halves.

1 a I cycled to the beach as it started to rain.
b I cycled towards the beach and went swimming.
2 a We went through the house and into the garden.
b We went into the house and turned on the TV.
3 a She walked across the classroom and watched all the students working.
b She walked around the classroom and opened the window.
4 Describe your journey to school using prepositions of movement.

First, I walk out of my house . . .
40
(E)ESL_SB2_U03.indd 40 4/12/18 5:57 PM

Vocabulary 2 On the road
1 Look at the road signs. What do you think they mean?
a b c d e
2 Match the sentences (1 – 5) to the road 5 Complete the traffic report with the
signs (a – e). words and phrases in the box.
1 There is flooding on the roads, so drive
with care. accidents delays diversions
2 There is a diversion ahead. You must flooding traffic jams reduce speed
take a different route for your journey. roadworks route with care
3 There are roadworks ahead so drivers
should reduce speed.
4 There is a traffic jam so you should There are 1 into the city this morning
expect a delay in your journey. due to planned 2 in the city centre,
5 There is a car accident ahead. especially along the motorway. Be prepared for
long 3 on your journey, and try to use
3 Match the definitions to the words in bold a different 4 if possible. There has also
in exercise 2. been 5 near the river because of last
night’s heavy rain. Some roads are closed, and
1 safely and without making mistakes police have created 6 to help drivers get
2 drive slower around this area. The bad weather means that
3 a situation where vehicles on the road must 7
are more likely to happen, so drive
slow down 8
and remember to 9 .
4 a situation where water covers an area
5 something bad that happens on the road by
mistake 6 Listen and check your answers to
6 a situation where you have to wait longer 3.5 exercise 5.
than expected
7 things that are done to repair or improve the 7 Discuss the questions.
road
8 one way to travel to another place • What causes traffic delays in your town
9 a different way to travel because a road is closed or city?
• How do you think people could reduce the
4 Work in pairs. Point at a picture in number of car crashes in your country?
• What do you think is the best way to
exercise 1 and ask your friend to read
improve the roads in your town or city?
the matching sentence from exercise 2.
Workbook p. 25
41
(E)ESL_SB2_U03.indd 41 11/10/18 5:32 pm

Language focus 2 Sentence adverbs
Use Where? Example

Winnie works in Singapore. She also lives there.
before the main verb
also I visited Tokyo last year. I also visited Africa.
to connect two ideas in but after the verb be I’m feeling hungry after visiting Disneyland. I’m also tired.
separate sentences James and John took the ferry across Sydney harbour.
as well at the end of the They went to Chinatown as well.
sentence
too She took a plane to Karachi. He was on the plane too.
to connect two ideas
She didn’t take the bus.
either in different negative
at the end of the She didn’t walk either.
sentences
sentence
to show a contrast He went by bus.
though
between two ideas We went by train, though.
Tip box
A comma is placed before though when we use it at the end of a sentence.
1 Read the messages from an online 2 Rewrite the sentences with suitable
travel forum. Complete the messages adverbs.
with the adverbs in the box. I ride my bike to school. My sister rides her bike
to school.
also as well too either though I ride my bike to school. My sister also
rides her bike to school.
1 Aisha doesn’t like taking the underground.
She doesn’t like taking the bus.
Search 2 We like travelling by train. We like travelling
by boat.
Dewi 3 The bus is quite cheap. The train is
I’m travelling in Cambodia. What’s the fastest way quite cheap.
to go from Phnom Penh to Siem Reap? 4 It rained yesterday. It isn’t raining today.
5 Kim hasn’t done her homework. Hassan
Reply
hasn’t done his homework.
TravellingKat 3 Find out about a friend using these

Take the bus or ferry. You can 1 go by plane. topics. Write sentences about you and
It’s quite expensive, 2 . your friend with suitable adverbs.
WaterBaby
Take the ferry. It’s very relaxing. It’s cheap 3 . video games football books
The bus is boring. It’s crowded so you can’t relax travelling food shopping
4
. pop music animals
RoadRunner I can‛t stand video games. Ali loves them,

Go by bus because the roads are good. though.
There are lots of different departure times 5 .

42

Listening Attention please!
1 Look at the photos. Subskill

Discuss the questions.
• What are these people’s jobs?
Understand meaning from context
• What announcements would they make? Sometimes we cannot hear everything a
speaker says. However, it is possible to
understand the important information if we
• know who is speaking.
• know why they are speaking.
• listen for key words and phrases.
2 Listen to five announcements.

3.6 Choose the correct answers.
1 a weather report / a traffic report
2 a school trip / a city tour
3 on a plane / on a train
4 at an airport / at a train station
5 on a tram / on a ferry
3 Listen again. List the key words

that helped you in each of the five
announcements.
4 Listen again. Complete the sentences with

words and phrases you hear.
1 Drivers should leave the motorway at
to avoid the .
2 After the museum, the bus will leave at
and visit .
3 If you have nowhere to put your ,
speak to a .
4 Departure is at to New York. There
aren’t any served on board, but you
can bring of your own.
5 For safety, everyone must . Arrival is in
minutes.
5 Now listen again. Can you guess

the meaning of the words below?
1 speed limit 4 porters
2 distract 5 handrails
3 fastened 6 docking
6 Work in pairs. Choose any two situations

below. Write an announcement for
each one.
• train station – delays because of accident
• shopping centre – special 1-day sale today!
• airport – keep your belongings with you
• theatre – no using of smartphones or cameras
• museum – closing soon
7 Read your announcements to the class.

Can your classmates guess where the
announcements are made?
43
(E)ESL_SB2_U03.indd 43 18/10/18 10:45 am

Speaking A group tour
1 Look at the photo. Discuss the

questions.
• Who are these people?
• Where are they?
• What do you think they are doing?
2 Listen to a few teenagers suggesting

3.7 where to bring a group of foreign
students. Choose the places
they suggest.
train station outdoor market 4 Work in groups. Choose a tour group (a – c).
bird park theme park
water park shopping centres
museum
A football team
Useful phrases from overseas
Giving opinions a
• I believe ...
• I think ...
• In my opinion, ...
• If you ask me, ...
Exchange students
Agreeing from Singapore bargain!
What a
• Right.
• I couldn’t agree more. b
• Me too.
• I agree.
• Great idea.
• Absolutely.
Tourists from England
Disagreeing
c
• I’m sorry, but I don’t agree.
• I’m not sure about that.
• I’m afraid I disagree. 5 Work in groups. Plan a three-day tour
• Definitely not. of your city or country for your chosen
tour group. Give your opinions about
3 Listen again. Tick (✓) the phrases that • what places they should visit.
you hear in the Useful phrases box. • what they should do.
• how they can get around.
I think they should visit the

biggest shopping centre in town.
In my opinion, they will

enjoy taking a tuk-tuk.
I’m not sure about that. I don’t

think it’s a good idea to take a
tuk-tuk at rush hour.
44
(E)ESL_SB2_U03.indd 44 11/12/18 1:49 PM

Writing Traffic problems
1 Look at the photos. Discuss the questions. 3 Read the conclusion again. Underline
• How often do you use public transport? the main ideas that you think are
• What are the most annoying habits of drivers? from the missing paragraphs.
• What traffic problems does your country face? Then circle the recommendation.
• What are the reasons for these problems?
• How can roads be made safer? 4 Match the supporting details below to
the main ideas. There is one detail that
2 Read part of an essay about traffic you do not need.
problems in Jakarta. Which question in 1 Cars cost a lot of money so many people
exercise 1 does it answer? can’t buy one.
2 For example, buses are often too crowded.
Introduction They are impossible to get on.
In the city of Jakarta, traffic is a serious 3 The problem is getting worse because cars
problem. The city’s population is increasing are being increasingly sold at more places.
and there is not enough public transport for
everybody. This means people like to use 5 Work in pairs. Discuss ideas to answer
private vehicles and it causes heavy traffic on the question using the table below.
the roads. This essay will discuss some of the
main transport issues in my city. How do traffic problems affect people’s lives in
your country?
Paragraph 1: Introduction (explain what the essay
is about)
Conclusion
In conclusion, there are two important issues
with traffic in Jakarta. The main problem
Paragraph 2 (first main idea + supporting details)
is that people prefer to use their private
vehicles. As a result, there are usually traffic
jams and journeys are very slow. Also, public
Paragraph 3 (second main idea + supporting details)
transport is improving, but it is not always
reliable or easy for people to use. I personally
believe we should develop the public transport Paragraph 4 (third main idea + supporting details)
system because it will fix many of the traffic
problems that we face.
Paragraph 5: Conclusion (repeat main ideas and
give a recommendation)
Subskill
Writing conclusions
A conclusion should repeat the main ideas in each 6 Write your essay using your ideas in
paragraph of your essay. In an exposition, you exercise 5. Then check your work.
should also finish by giving a recommendation.
Workbook p. 28
45
(E)ESL_SB2_U03.indd 45 18/10/18 10:51 am

4 1 Complete the survey about
your diet. Choose how much
of each type of food you eat in
a day.
Healthy
living
How much of these do you eat:
bread, rice or pasta?
none a little some a lot
milk, cheese or yogurt?
none a little some a lot
fruits and vegetables?

Exercise for life none a little some a lot
1 Listen to the radio advertisement.
4.1 Tick (✓) what it is promoting.
meat and fish?
1 a gym membership
2 a phone app none a little some a lot
3 a sports watch
2 Listen again. Are the sentences true (T), beans, nuts and seeds?
false (F), or not given (NG) in the
advertisement? none a little some a lot
The AirFit
1 is expensive.
snacks?
2 can help plan a personal exercise routine.
3 mustn’t get wet. none a little some a lot
4 can tell you how well you are sleeping.
5 lets you listen to music while you exercise.

• How often do you exercise? What exercises do
you do?
• How important is a healthy lifestyle to you?
• Do you think technology can help you to keep
fit and stay healthy?
46
(E)ESL_SB2_U04.indd 46 11/10/18 5:33 pm

Vocabulary 1 Food and diet
2 Read and listen to the article. Compare your answers in exercise 1 with the information
4.2 in the article. Do you have a balanced diet?
Do you have a balanced diet?
Carbohydrates - 45-65% of your diet Protein - 10-35% of your diet

Foods such as rice, pasta and bread provide the body Protein helps to repair the muscles in our body.
with most of the carbohydrates it needs. They are Meat and fish are full of protein, but there is also protein
like fuel for the body. We also get some carbohydrates in beans, lentils, nuts and seeds. Red meat has a lot
from fruits and vegetables. of protein but it also has some unhealthy fat, so it’s
best to eat it in small amounts, or as part of a dish with
Fats - 20-35% of your diet healthier ingredients.
Fats are the body’s way of storing energy. Types of
food that include fats are red meat, nuts and dairy Other nutrients
products, such as yogurt. However, some fats are There are also lots of other nutrients, such as vitamin C
unhealthy. We should avoid too much junk food like and iron, that our bodies need in small amounts to
burgers because they can create serious problems protect us from disease. Most of these come from
such as heart disease. eating fruits and vegetables, but we also need calcium
from tofu and dairy products to keep our bones strong.
3 Match the definitions to the words in 4 Work in pairs. Add three more things to
bold in the article. each food group.
1 the things in food our body needs to stay Carbohydrates potatoes, pasta
alive and healthy
Meat and fish burgers, chicken
2 something in food that gives the body energy
3 something in food that helps us keep energy Dairy products milk, yoghurt
and stay warm Fruits and vegetables apples, carrots
4 something in food that helps us build muscle
and grow
5 food that is quick to prepare but is unhealthy
6 a group of food made from the milk of
animals like cows or goats • What type of foods do you get your
7 eating the right amount of each food group carbohydrates, proteins and fats from?
8 foods that are used to make a dish • What food do you eat to get other
nutrients from?
• Do you think you have a healthy diet? Why?
Workbook p. 29
47
(E)ESL_SB2_U04.indd 47 18/10/18 10:52 am

Reading Under stress
1 Rate the activities below from not stressful (1) to extremely stressful (5).
1 1 1 2 1 2 1 2 3 2 3 2 3 4 3 4 3 4 5 4 5 4 5 5 5
1 2 3 4 5
a being late for school e taking an exam

b watching TV f speaking English
c travelling to school g talking to the headteacher
d losing your phone h giving a presentation in front of your class
2 Work in pairs. Compare your answers in exercise 1 with a friend. Who gets
more stressed?
Dealing with
exam stress
When exam time comes around you need to be able
to perform at your best. But while a little stress can
help you focus on exams, too much can affect your
memory and even your health. It’s natural to be under
stress during exams but there are things you can do to
manage stress well.
What does stress look like? prepare for exams, so choose one that works for you.
The symptoms of stress include - You mustn’t forget about what you eat, either. Research
has shown that a balanced diet can have huge benefits
- forgetfulness.
on your ability to think as well as your levels of stress.
- tiredness during the day.
Start each day with a good breakfast and eat plenty of
- difficulties with sleep.
fresh fruits and vegetables during the day. It’s wise to
- headaches and a poor appetite.
keep a bottle of water with you to stay hydrated, but
- a lack of interest in things you normally enjoy doing.
avoid too much tea or coffee, which contain caffeine
If you feel any of these symptoms, then you need to and may make you anxious or stressed.
do something to deal with it.
- A little physical exercise is an excellent way to get
rid of stress. You should do a bit of exercise every
What can I do? day for about 30 minutes. Include it in your daily
timetable and you’ll feel more awake.
The good news is that there are many ways
to manage exam stress. Here are a few of the - Don’t forget to get plenty of sleep. You must get at
best ways. least eight hours of sleep every night for your mind to
work well.
- One of the most useful things you can do is to
organise your time in a weekly schedule. You should One important piece of advice is to remember that life
write down the time you are going to study and for continues when exams are over. It’s not the end of the
how long. Include a variety of activities to keep you world, whatever the results.
motivated and some fun things as a reward.
- It is quite normal to want to compare yourself with Glossary
your friends, but you shouldn’t worry if you do things symptom a feeling that tells you that you are not well
differently. Remember that there are a lot of ways to appetite a feeling that you want to eat
motivated feeling like you want to do something
hydrated having enough water in your body
caffeine a drug found in coffee and tea that makes you
more active
48
(E)ESL_SB2_U04.indd 48 11/10/18 5:33 pm

3 Read and listen to the text. What type of text is it?
4.3
a a newspaper article
b an information leaflet
c an opinion essay
d a student’s blog
4 Read the text again. Tick (✓) the ideas the text mentions.
1 A little stress is a good thing.
2 People often cry a lot when they are under stress.
3 Some people don’t want to eat when they are stressed.
4 Feelings of loneliness are a symptom of stress.
5 Organised people feel less stress.
6 If you feel too much stress, you should get advice from a doctor.
7 Drink plenty of coffee to help you study.
8 You should exercise daily.
5 Work in pairs. Ming Hao has an exam next week and he’s feeling stressed.
Read his questions. Use information from the text to give him some advice.
1 What is one of the most useful things

I can do to manage my stress levels?
2 My friend isn’t going to revise until

the day before the exam. Should I
do the same?
3 What kinds of food should I eat?
4 What’s a good way to get rid

of my stress?
5 Do you think I should stay up late

revising for the exam?

• How do you prepare for an exam? How does your friend do things differently?
• What situations make you feel stressed?
• Does your personality change when you are stressed? How?
• Do you think stress can be dangerous for your health? Why?
• What situations can you think of where a little stress is a good thing?

49
(E)ESL_SB2_U04.indd 49 11/10/18 5:33 pm

Language focus 1 Quantity expressions
Common quantity expressions

Food a bowl of soup, a slice of bread, a bar of chocolate, a piece of fruit
Drink a glass of milk/water, a cup of tea/coffee, a bottle of water, a carton of
juice/milk
Measurements a litre of water, an hour of exercise, a kilogram of sugar/rice
Other an item of clothing, a game of football
a piece of advice/furniture/technology
We cannot use numbers before uncountable nouns, but we can use quantity expressions such
as a bottle of or a piece of.
A piece of fruit is a healthy snack.

It’s wise to keep a bottle of water with you.
You must get about eight hours of sleep every night.
One important piece of advice is to remember that life continues when exams are over.
Tip box
We also use a bit of. It usually means a small amount.

You should do a bit of exercise every day.
1 Complete the table with the uncountable nouns in the box. Some nouns can go in more
than one group.
cake cheese information luggage pizza noodles

rice tennis water work
A game of A piece of A slice of A bowl of An hour of
2 Read some tips on staying happy and 3 Complete the dialogues with the phrases in
healthy. Choose the correct answers. the box. Some phrases can be used more
than once.
Staying healthy and happy bar of bowl of cup of

game of piece of slice of
It’s easy to have a healthy lifestyle with a little
1
bit / piece of knowledge about diet and exercise. 1 A: Would you like to play a badminton?
Include 30 2minutes / times of exercise each day. B: Sure, but I’m not very good.
Eat a healthy breakfast, such as 3an item / a piece of 2 A: What did you have for lunch?
fruit and a 4bowl / piece of yogurt. You also need to B: A bread and a soup.
exercise your brain, too. For example, a 5bar / game 3 A: Do you like my new phone?
of chess with friends is a fun way to do this and B: Yes. It’s an amazing technology.
it’s social as well. During the day, drink about two 4 A: What would you like to drink?
6
litres / slices of water. That sounds like a lot but it will B: A coffee, please.
stop you from feeling tired and keep you hydrated. 5 A: How many bags do you have?
It’s OK to have a 7piece / glass of juice, but don’t B: I’ve got two luggage.
drink too much because it has a lot of sugar. 6 A: What did you have for lunch?
B: Just a chocolate.

50
(E)ESL_SB2_U04.indd 50 18/10/18 10:53 am

Vocabulary 2 Exercise

• What do you like to do for exercise?
• What types of exercises would you like to try?
• Do you think it’s important to exercise? Why or why not?
2 Read and listen to the types of exercises three people like to do. Match the exercises in
4.4 the box to the correct person.
going to the gym athletics playing football
Andy
is a great sport for overall fitness, because it involves different activities such as running, jumping
and throwing. I go to the track five times a week to practise. I jog around the track first to warm up.
Then I sprint 100 metres a few times to improve my speed. I’m trying to put on more muscle at the
moment because it will make me faster.
Sonia
I enjoy because I can work out on the exercise machines or go to a yoga class, which I love.
For yoga, you must stretch your body and focus on breathing in and out. I always feel calm and relaxed
after a class.
Faisal
I’ve recently started , and it’s a great sport. I train three times a week with my team to improve my
skills. We always cool down after a hard session so we don’t hurt ourselves. On Saturdays, we compete
against other teams, but I mainly do it to keep fit.
3 Match the underlined parts of the sentences to the words in bold in the boxes.
1 It’s important to prepare for exercise by doing gentle physical activities first.
2 After hard exercise, you should do gentle exercise because it will help you recover.
3 The train is going to leave. You’ll have to run very fast to catch it.
4 If I do exercise to help me add more muscle, I’ll become faster and stronger.
5 I enjoy sports where you try to win against other people. Competition makes it more fun.
6 I do some exercise to get fit at least three times a week.
7 When you feel stressed, try moving air in and out of your body slowly to help you relax.
8 I sometimes run slowly along the beach because it’s a gentle exercise.
9 I always make parts of my body as long as possible at the end of a race so I don’t injure myself.
10 If you want to be good at a sport, you need to practise to improve your skills regularly.
4 Read a fitness expert’s advice about getting in shape. Complete the text with the words
in the box. There is one extra word.
compete jog put on stretch train warm up work out
Everybody needs a good reason to do exercise. People who like to 1 will enjoy playing sports like
football, but they have to 2 regularly in order to win. However, many people choose an exercise that
is fun and social. When you first start a new activity, don’t 3 for more than 30 minutes at a time.
Before you start, you should 4 for around 15 minutes with some simple exercises. For example, you
can gently 5 around a park. After exercise, you should also 6 your muscles as you cool down to
help your body recover.
5 Work in pairs. Describe a sport or physical activity you do. Include

• where, when and who you do it with.
• why you do it (e.g. for fun, fitness or competition).
• how often you train and how often you compete.
• what you do to warm up and cool down.
Workbook p. 33
51
(E)ESL_SB2_U04.indd 51 11/10/18 5:34 pm

Language focus 2 must and should
must We use must/mustn’t to give very strong advice,

mustn’t or when there is no choice.
I/You/He/She/It You mustn’t forget about eating a healthy diet.
+ base verb
We/You/They should You must get about eight hours of sleep every night.
shouldn’t
We use should/shouldn’t to give advice.
You should write down the time you are going to
study.
You shouldn’t worry if you do things differently.
1 Choose the correct answers.

1 If you’re late for the match, the coach won’t let you play. You mustn’t / shouldn’t be late.
2 You look tired. I think you must / should go to bed earlier.
3 In basketball, you must / should bounce the ball when you move with it.
4 In football, you mustn’t / shouldn’t kick the other players. It’s against the rules.
5 We must / should do more sports and exercise at school.
2 Complete the text with must, mustn’t, should or shouldn’t.
Sepak Takraw
The sport of sepak takraw started around 500 years ago in Southeast Asia. It is sometimes called
‘kick volleyball’ because teams 1 pass the ball over a net, but unlike volleyball, players 2 use their
hands. There 3
be three players in each team. They 4 kick the ball over the net, but they 5
touch the ball more than three times before they send it over to the other team.
If you want to learn how to play sepak takraw, here is some advice. You 6 join a club so you can learn from
a coach and other players. Before you start playing in competitions, you 7 practise some basic kicking skills,
but you 8 worry if you don’t make much progress at first. It takes time to become good at it.
3 Write about a sport or exercise you know. Use must, mustn’t, should and shouldn’t to
describe the rules and how to play it.

52
(E)ESL_SB2_U04.indd 52 18/10/18 10:54 am

Listening Sleep and health
1 Discuss the questions. 5 Now listen again. Complete the notes

How many hours of sleep do you think you need with words from the talk.
when you are
• a baby?
• a teenager?
• an adult? - When you sleep, your brain organises the
1
into your long-term memory.
2 Listen to the first part of a talk about - Lack of sleep causes unhappiness and makes it
4.5 sleep. Check your answers to exercise 1. difficult to 2 .
- You should go to bed and get up at the same
time every day because your body 3 .
3 Listen to the full talk. Put the topics in - It’s not a good idea to 4 in the
4.6 the order you hear them. evenings because it can keep you awake.
a What to do if you wake up in the night - By focusing on your 5 , you can relax
b How much sleep people need each night and lower your heart rate.
c What happens when you don’t get
enough sleep
d How to fall asleep more easily 6 Discuss the questions.
e Why people aren’t getting enough sleep
• In your experience, how many hours of
4 sleep do you think you need? Is it the
Listen again. Answer the questions.
same or different from the speaker’s
1 What are two ways that technology stops recommendation?
people from falling asleep? • Why do you think people need less sleep as
2 How does sleep influence learning? they get older?
3 What happens to sick people if they don’t get • How do you feel if you don’t get
enough sleep? enough sleep?
4 What are three suggestions to improve • Do you have any techniques to help you fall
sleep quality? asleep? What are they?
5 What is the reason people have problems
sleeping all night?
53
(E)ESL_SB2_U04.indd 53 11/10/18 5:34 pm

Speaking Get fit!
1 Discuss the questions. 2 Read the information leaflet below

• How much exercise do you do every day? about creating an exercise schedule.
• What exercise do you do? Do you think you do enough exercise?
Creating your own exercise schedule

To get in shape you must follow a weekly schedule with a variety of exercise types.
This should include
- some cardio exercises which make your heart stronger and help burn fat.
Football, running or swimming are excellent cardio exercises.
- some strength and conditioning exercises, such as push ups. This will keep your
muscles strong and healthy. Yoga and pilates classes are good examples of this.
- warm up and cool down exercises – these can stop you getting injured.
For example, try walking or jogging to warm up, and stretching the muscles you have
used to cool down.
Finally, don’t do too much! It is enough to exercise for between 30 minutes and one
hour on most days, and be sure to have at least two rest days each week.
Subskill 5 Listen again. Tick the phrases that

you hear.
Using subject-specific language
When we talk about a specific subject, some Useful phrases
words and phrases can have a special meaning,
which help us to talk about particular ideas. Managing the discussion
For example, when we discuss the subject of • I think we should talk about (cardio
sports and exercise, ‘warm up’ and ‘cool down’ exercises) first.
refer to specific types of exercises. In contrast, • Next, let’s talk about (Sunday).
when the topic is the weather, they mean that the
• Could I say something?
general temperature is going up or down.
• Could I just add something?
• Before we talk about (Sunday), I’d like
3 Match the definitions (1 – 4) to the to (add something about Saturday).
subject-specific words and phrases
in the information leaflet (a – d).
6 Work in groups. Create an exercise
1 activities that are good for the heart schedule for a week. You should
2 time for the body to relax and recover
from exercise • include a variety of exercise and rest days.
3 activities that improve muscle health • think of a good reason for each activity.
4 use something as fuel for the body • use phrases from the Useful phrases box in
your discussion.
a burn
b conditioning exercise 7 Present your schedule to the class.
c cardio exercise Explain your reasons for each exercise.
d rest days
4 Listen to a discussion about what to
• Which group’s schedule will be the most
4.7 include in a week’s exercise schedule. difficult to do?
Answer the questions. • Which schedule do you think is right for you?
1 What activities do they decide to do? Why?
2 What reasons do they give for each activity? • Do you think having an exercise schedule
is a good way to get in shape? Why?
54
(E)ESL_SB2_U04.indd 54 6/12/18 9:03 AM

Writing A new sports club
1 Read the formal email and answer the questions.
Reply Forward
Dear Mr Darmawan,
I am writing to ask permission to start a football club at the school because there is growing interest
among the school’s students about it.
Currently, we do not have a place to play football regularly. A school club would solve these problems for
us because we could play it in the school’s sports field.
Furthermore, other students are interested in the sport and would like to try it. A club would give
everyone an opportunity to see if they like it.
A football club also means serious players can practise regularly in order to improve their skills. Perhaps
in the future, we can compete against other schools. This will be very good for the school’s reputation.
Finally, football does not need a lot of expensive equipment, so it will be very cheap to start the club.
I look forward to your reply.
Best regards,
Agung
1 Who is the email written to? 4 You are going to write a formal email
2 Why is Agung writing the email? to your school principal asking
permission to start a sports club.
2 Put the ideas in the correct order. Make notes using the table below.
a the situation at the moment
b a request for a new club Part 1
c reasons a new club is good for students • address the person you are writing to
d reasons a new club is good for the school • say why you’re writing (to start a club)
e the main reason why we need a new club • explain the main reason for your new club
3 Match the formal phrases in the email Part 2

(1 – 7) to the less formal ones (a – g). • give more reasons for starting the club
1 Dear • say what the benefits are for the students
2 I am writing to ask permission to and school
3 Currently,
4 Furthermore, Part 3
5 Finally,
• give more reasons for starting the club
6 I look forward to your reply
• say what the benefits are for the students
7 Best regards
and school
a Goodbye
b At the moment, ...
c Hello 5 Write an email to your school principal
d I hope to hear from you soon. asking permission to start a sports
e Can we ...? club. Use your notes in exercise 4,
f Another thing ...
the example email and the formal
g The last thing I want to say ...
phrases in exercise 3.
Workbook p. 36
55
(E)ESL_SB2_U04.indd 55 29/10/18 5:20 PM

Self-Check B
1 Read about four people and the activities they do. Match the people (1 – 4) to the
activities (A – D).
1 Jon wants to do some regular exercise at the weekends to help him keep fit. He’d like to do
a competitive sport with some other people so it is more fun for him.
2 Lucy already swims regularly to keep fit. She is looking for a different activity to do once or twice
a week in her town so that she has more variety. She enjoys working out in groups, but she also
wants a good teacher.
3 Wei Lin likes spending time outdoors, but she’s recently moved to a new city. She wants to find
an activity that she can do with other people, so that she can make some new friends.
4 Rashid has a very busy lifestyle, so he would like to find some kind of exercise that does not take
a lot of time to do. He’d like to do an exercise that involves stretching, but he needs something he
can do at different times of the day.
Healthy
Hobbies
A City Hiking Club
We are a group of people who meet
nd a once a week to go walking in the
oking to ﬁ
Are you lo oth
y that is b hills around the city. We are a very
new hobb e are a
d fun? H er friendly group and new members
healthy an ti o n s!
few sugg es are always welcome. We meet every
Saturday at 8 am, and each walk
takes between one and two hours. Come and join us!
B Pilates C The Badminton Centre
Do you want Situated near

to get stronger the river, this is
and improve a very popular
your health place to play
at the same badminton.
time? Then We are usually
you should full most evenings
join our pilates classes! Our classes are during the week, so you should come at
taught by experienced, friendly instructors. other times. If you already know how to play,
Classes are every Tuesday and Thursday, you will find lots of people of different levels
from 6.30-7.30 pm. Beginners are welcome. to compete against. The centre is open
every day from 10.30 am to 9 pm.
D Yoga Time
Many people find it difficult to find the time to keep

fit, but with Yoga Time, you can exercise anywhere,
any time. With over 100 videos available, you’ll find
a session that is fun and helps you get fit and healthy.
Download our app, and stream our 15-minute videos
from your phone, tablet or laptop.
56
(E)ESL_SB2_U04.indd 56 10/12/18 2:03 PM

2 Choose the correct answers to complete the report.
Cycling Around the World in 79 Days

In 2017, Mark Beaumont cycled 1 the world in 78 days, 14 hours and 40 minutes. The 34-year-old
finished the 29,000 kilometre 2 after cycling 385 kilometres a day. He spent 16 to 17 hours on his
bicycle 3 day, and he had only five hours of sleep a night. His journey started in Paris. He cycled
4
Russia, Australia and North America and he took planes between 5 stage of the journey. He was
not completely alone for the journey, 6 . A team of people, including a cook, doctor and mechanics,
followed him in cars. Before Beaumont’s attempt, the fastest time to complete the journey on a bicycle
was 123 days.
1 a along b around c through d towards

2 a diversion b delay c jam d route
3 a all b both c every d any
4 a across b into c over d along
5 a all b both c each d the
6 a also b either c though d too
3 Write a 100-word article for a travel blog. You should write about
• what your favourite way to travel is.
• what you like about it.
• when and how often you travel this way.
• a journey you would like to take this way.
4 Listen to an announcement on an aeroplane. Complete the information with the

correct answers.
The plane is Flight 503 , travelling from Hong Kong to Jakarta.
1 The plane will take off minutes late.

2 The plane has exits for passengers to use in an emergency.
3 Passengers must not use mobile phones until the plane is in .
4 Today’s weather is .
5 The arrival time in Jakarta is .
6 After take-off, will be served to the passengers.
57
(E)ESL_SB2_U04.indd 57 11/10/18 5:34 pm

5
Animal
magic
1 Read and listen to the facts
5.2 about wild animals. Match the
descriptions (1 – 5) to the
photos (a – e).
1 New Zealand’s giant weta is one of
the largest insects in the world with a
body length of 100 mm and weight of
35 grams. It hides during the day,
then uses its long antennae to help it
move around at night.
2 The black widow is black and has a

shiny, round abdomen with a red mark
on it. It is a very poisonous spider.
Common in the USA, black widows eat
Animal friends insects and other spiders by biting into
1 Watch the video. Tick (✓) the activities their prey with their fangs.
5.1 Carla and Munah are doing with
3 Snow leopards live in the cold,
the elephants. high mountains of central Asia.
1 feeding Their thick fur keeps them warm,
2 hunting and large paws help them walk
on the snow. They sometimes
3 riding
travel hundreds of kilometres to
4 taking photographs find food.
5 washing
4 Humboldt squids live in deep
2 Watch the video again. Answer the water in the eastern Pacific Ocean.
questions. Very little is known about these
mysterious animals, but they hunt
1 Where are Carla and Munah? in groups, using their long tentacles
2 How much food do elephants eat every day? to hold their prey and sharp beaks
3 What does Munah say she is worried about? to feed on them.
4 What does Carla say is the most important point?
5 How do they describe the baby elephant? 5 The bluefin tuna swims at speeds of
70 km/h through the open ocean. It has
3 Discuss the questions. smooth scales over its skin and it can
• Do you think the elephants have a good life at close its fins flat to help it move fast.
the elephant park? Why? All fish breathe through their gills,
• Have you ever met a large animal like an but the bluefin’s gills are 30 times
elephant? What was it like? larger so they can get enough oxygen
to swim fast.
Glossary
prey an animal that other animals eat
58
(E)ESL_SB2_U05.indd 58 16/10/18 10:52 am

Vocabulary 1 Animals in the wild
a b
c d e
2 Match the definitions to the words 4 Work in pairs. Write a definition for each
in bold. of the animal categories below.
1 the hard, pointed part of the mouth of a bird
or squid Bird Fish Insect Mammal Spider Reptile
2 the feet of animals such as cats Lays
3 the parts of a fish that it uses for swimming eggs,
4 the soft hair that covers some animals has
5 long thin parts on the heads of some insects feathers
6 the hard things that cover the skin of fish and and a
some reptiles beak,
7 the parts of a fish that it uses to breathe can
8 the two long thin parts animals such as usually
squids use to feel things fly
9 two long sharp teeth
10 the lower part of an animal’s body owl
3 Work in pairs. Choose an animal below

but do not tell your friend. Describe it
using the words in bold. Can your friend 5 Put the animals from the text and from
guess the animal? exercise 3 into the correct categories
using the table above.
beetle tiger owl tarantula
snake bee shark crocodile 6 Discuss the questions.
mouse crow • What kinds of wild animals are common in
your country?
• How often do you see wild animals where
you live?
• What kinds of wild animals are interesting to
you? Why are you interested in them?
• What do you think humans can do to protect
animals in the wild?
Workbook p. 37
59
(E)ESL_SB2_U05.indd 59 6/12/18 11:42 AM

Reading Pet therapy

• What are the people doing?
• Why do you think they are doing it?
• How does spending time with animals make you feel?
60
(E)ESL_SB2_U05.indd 60 18/10/18 11:00 am

2 Read and listen to the article about 4 Now read the article again. Answer
5.3 pets. Tick (✓) the main idea of the article. the questions.
1 Pets are a lot of responsibility. 1 What are the main benefits of spending time
with animals?
2 Pets can be good for our health.
2 How do pets help people with heart disease?
3 Animals can make us sick. 3 What health risks are there for people in
contact with animals?
3 Read the article again. Choose the 4 What does the article say birds need if
correct answers. they are kept as pets?
5 What kinds of problems are there with
1 Old people / Teenagers improve their social owning a wild animal?
skills when they have a pet.
2 Pets can help old people to improve their
emotional / physical health.
3 Animals can make their owners feel • If you were sick, would you like to have an
less stressed / more active. animal to help you get better? Why?
4 Rabbits are used to improve the health of • How important do you think it is to consider
pet owners / sick people. the needs of our pets?
5 Most / Some microbes found on pets can be • What do you think about keeping wild
dangerous for human health. animals as pets?
6 Some birds need / don’t need to spend time
with people or other animals.
It’s clear that pets make us feel good but scientists However, before you go out and buy a pet, there are
have also found they do more than bring a smile to some things to consider. Sometimes, animals
our faces. People with pets have less risk of heart can make you sick. All animals carry millions of
disease, lower stress levels and fewer emotional microbes. Most of these are harmless but a few
problems than people who don’t. can cause serious health issues for humans.
Even common pets such as cats can make you
Research by the Institute of Animal Behaviour in very ill, so you must make sure you wash your
2013 has shown that spending time with animals hands after you touch your pet.
has benefits for our well-being. It can reduce
feelings of loneliness and increase confidence. You also have to consider your pet’s needs.
For instance, one study found teenagers who had Some birds, for example, like to be social and also
a strong relationship with an animal also felt they need space to exercise. If you live in a small flat and
had better friendships with their peers. are out all day, a social animal won’t be very happy
or healthy. Sadly, some wild animals are kept as
Regular interactions with an animal seem to give pets. This might be nice for the owner but it is very
us a more positive view of the world. For example, stressful for the animals. For example, dolphins
a group of people above the age of 65 were given suffer when people put them in swimming pools for
some insects to care for. They said they felt happier entertainment. They need the open ocean to live
and had more of a sense of purpose as a result. a healthy life. If we really love animals, we should
understand that most animals do not want to be
Evidence also suggests pets can help people with pets. They want to live free and in the wild.
illnesses such as heart disease. This could be
because people with pets often have more active
lifestyles and the calming effects of animals can
reduce stress. What’s more, the emotional benefits
Glossary
of pet ownership seem to be connected to better peers people who you know who are the same age as you
physical health as well. As a result, some animals, interactions contact and communication with someone
or something
such as rabbits, are being brought into hospitals to
evidence facts that help you know if something is true or not
help patients feel happier and get well faster. physical related to the body
microbes living things that you can’t see without a microscope
suffer to feel pain

61
(E)ESL_SB2_U05.indd 61 18/10/18 11:00 am

Language focus 1 must and have to
2 Complete the text with mustn’t, have to

Affirmative & negative sentences or don’t have to.
I/You/He /She/It must
is h care
We/You/They
I/We/You /They
mustn’t
have to
F
+ base form
don’t have to
He/She/It has to
doesn’t have to
Questions
Do I /we/you/they
have to + base form
Does he/she/it
We use both must and have to when there is an

obligation to do something. We use must to give
strong advice, or when the speaker feels there is
an obligation.
You must make sure you wash your hands after
you touch your pet.
Fish make great pets. You 1 take them for
It is more natural to use have to when the walks or spend much time with them, but there
obligation comes from a situation or a person, are a few things you 2 do to make sure
such as a parent or teacher. your pets are healthy. At least once a week,
You also have to consider your pet’s needs. you 3 change the water. You 4
change all of the water – about 50% is fine.
Don’t have to and mustn’t have different You 5 feed them every day, but you
meanings. We use mustn’t when there is an 6
give them too much food because
obligation not to do something, and don’t have uneaten food can pollute the water.
to when there is no obligation.
You mustn’t be late for the party.
He doesn’t have to get up early at the weekend.
3 Read the information about keeping
Tip box rabbits. Write sentences about things
you must, mustn’t, have to and don’t
We do not use must in the past tense. have to do to look after them.
We use had to to talk about past obligation.
We had to take our cat to the vet yesterday. Not
✓ ✗
necessary to
– give them – give them – take them
clean water too much for walks
1 Choose the best answers. – keep their food – give them lots
1 I must / have to study harder. I really want to cage clean – leave them of attention if
pass the test. – give them alone for a there are two
2 I must / have to write this essay by tomorrow. toys long time or more
The teacher told me to.
3 I must / have to buy some eggs because You must give them clean water.
I want to make a cake tonight.
4 The restaurant was closed, so we
must / had to find a different one.
5 You must / have to be kinder to your sister.
6 The doctor said I’m not very fit, so I
must / have to exercise more.

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(E)ESL_SB2_U05.indd 62 18/10/18 11:02 am

Vocabulary 2 Animal sounds
1 Listen to the animal sounds. Match the sounds (1 – 10) to the animals (a – j) in the photos.
5.4
c
g
e
h i j
2 Match the animal sounds to the names 4 What sounds do we make when we
of the animals in exercise 1. do the following activities? Match the
1 baa 6 buzz activities to the words in the box.
2 tweet 7 cluck
3 croak 8 hiss atchoo bang groan ouch
4 miaow 9 moo screech smash splash whoosh
5 neigh 10 squeak
1 jump into a swimming pool
3 Do you have words for sounds in your 2 break a window
language? Are the words similar or 3 stop a car suddenly
different to the English words? 4 sneeze
5 hit a drum
Tip box 6 hear a bad joke
7 hurt your finger
8 run past something very fast
Onomatopoeia
Some words sound similar to the noises 5 Work in pairs. Here are some more
they refer to. These words are sometimes examples of onomatopoeia. Can you
the same in other languages and sometimes find things that make these noises?
different. For example, the English word for
a small bird’s sound is tweet, in Japanese, pitter patter ding dong clip clop tick tock
chun-chun and in Taiwanese, ju-ju.
6 Write a sentence with each of the
sounds in exercise 5.
Workbook p. 41
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(E)ESL_SB2_U05.indd 63 11/10/18 5:35 pm

Language focus 2 The passive

We often use the passive verb form when we passive form of the verbs in brackets.
do not know or are not interested in the people
or things that did the action, or when the thing 1 When I was five years old, I (give)
we are talking about is not doing the action. a kitten.
In a passive sentence, the object of the verb 2 Cat food (sell) at the pet shop.
becomes the subject. 3 The desk (build) by my dad last year.
4 Our cats (keep) indoors when
Active: People keep some wild animals as pets. there’s a storm.
5 The bridge (repair) at the moment.
6 When we got home, dinner (make)
Passive: Some wild animals are kept as pets. by my brother.
2 Complete the second sentence with the

Present am/is/are + The Giant Weta
passive form. Make sure it has the same
simple past participle is found in
New Zealand. meaning as the first.
Past A group of 1 I bought my bird at a pet shop.

was/were +
simple people were My bird .
past participle
given some 2 When I woke up, someone was breaking
insects. into my car.
When I woke up, .
Present am/is/are + Some animals 3 Was Jack riding the horse?
continuous being + past are being by Jack?
participle brought into 4 I didn’t feed the fish this morning.
hospitals. The fish .
Past was/were + Our car was 5 Mark is carrying Zoe’s bags.
continuous being + past being repaired Zoe’s bags Mark.
participle at the garage. 6 Lee looked after my pets.
My pets Lee.
Tip box 3 Complete the sentences so that they

are true about you. Use the passive
If we want to say who or what does
the action (known as the ‘agent’),
we add a phrase beginning with by. 1 When I was a baby, I (look after)
The research was done by the by .
Institute of Animal Behaviour. 2 On my last birthday, I (give) a
by .
3 My favourite book (write)
by . It (call) .
4 In my country, official language(s)
(speak).

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(E)ESL_SB2_U05.indd 64 18/10/18 11:02 am

Listening Unusual pets

• What do you think are the advantages or
disadvantages of keeping these animals
as pets?
• Which of these animals would you like to keep
as a pet? Why?
2 Listen to four people talking about

5.5 their pets. Match speakers (1 – 4) to a
the animals in the photos (a – d).
Speaker 1
Speaker 2
Speaker 3
Speaker 4
3 Listen again. Which speaker(s) (1 – 4)

thinks his or her pet
1 doesn’t need very much?
2 probably had a previous owner?
3 isn’t very happy?
4 is still a wild animal?
b
5 is similar to having a fish as a pet?
6 is lonely?
7 can’t normally be kept as a pet?
4 Now listen again. Answer the questions.

1 Why did speaker 1 bring his animal home?
2 Why can speaker 1 keep his animal as a pet?
3 What does speaker 2’s animal usually eat?
4 Why does speaker 3’s animal live inside?
5 Where does speaker 4’s animal come from?
6 Why does speaker 4 think her animal is a lot
of responsibility? c

• Do you think these animals are happier as pets
or as wild animals? Why?
• Why do you think some people like to have
dangerous animals as pets?
• Do you think it is cruel to keep some kinds of
animals as pets? Why?
• Which animal do you think makes the best
pet? Why?
65
(E)ESL_SB2_U05.indd 65 11/10/18 5:35 pm

Speaking Keeping pets
3 that’s a problem is that most

people are really busy.
4 , animals teach us a lot,
how to look after them.
5 Animals cats can be really happy.
6 is many pets cannot survive in
the wild.
4 Think of three more reasons for and

against keeping a pet. Make notes
using the table.
1 Ali and Sara are discussing the question
5.6 ‘Should people keep animals as pets?’ Should people keep animals as pets?
Listen to the debate. What are their For Against
opinions?
Subskill
Justifying your opinions
It is important when you give your opinion
that you can explain your reasons. Before you 5 Work in groups. Prepare for the debate.
give your opinion, think about the reasons
and examples to support your point of view. • Decide which group will argue for and which
If you have good supporting reasons, you will argue against the question ‘Should
can change other people’s opinions. people keep animals as pets?’
• In your group, choose the best reasons
from exercise 4 and think of three or four
2 Listen again. What reasons does examples to support them.
each speaker give to justify his or • Choose one person to speak for your group.
• Use the expressions in the Useful phrases
her opinion?
box to help you.
Ali Sara
6 Have the debate. Follow the chart below.
Animals are dirty. Animals teach us
a lot.
For Against
Present your most

Useful phrases important reason first
and give an example
Giving reasons to support it. Listen carefully to
• The main reason why ... is that ... their argument.
• What’s more, ... Then present your
• What I mean to say ... most important reason
• For one thing ... and give an example to
• So, ... Listen carefully to support it.
• because their argument.
Then reply with
Giving examples more reasons and
• For example, examples. Listen carefully to their
• like
argument. Then reply
• such as
with more reasons and
examples.
3 Complete the sentences from the
debate with phrases in the Useful
phrases box. Then listen again and 7 As a class, vote for or against keeping
check your answers. animals as pets.
1 , if you have an animal in the house

it can make you ill.
2 , pets are a big responsibility.
66
(E)ESL_SB2_U05.indd 66 18/10/18 11:07 am

Writing A fable
1 Discuss the questions. Tip box

1 What fables do you know?
2 What animals do they include? Hyphens and compounds
3 How would you describe the animals’ Compounds are two words that have
characters? one meaning. We use a hyphen ‘-’
between the two words when we use
2 Read and listen to a fable. them as an adjective before a noun.
5.7 a hard-working farmer
the delicious-looking sheep
a family-owned restaurant
The wolf in sheep’s clothing
We often use adjective compounds with
There once was a hungry wolf. He lived near quantities such as age, time or money.
a flock of sheep, but it was impossible to eat a twenty-year-old man
them because the hard-working farmer always a thirty-minute journey
watched carefully for signs of wolves. When he a thousand-dollar holiday
saw the wolf, he would chase him away before
he could get near the sheep. One day, the wolf 4 Rewrite the sentences using a
found a sheepskin on the ground. He put it on compound adjective and hyphen.
so that he looked like a sheep. The next day,
The teacher looked friendly.
he approached the delicious-looking sheep.
She was a friendly-looking teacher.
The flock was not worried because they thought
the wolf was also a sheep. As the wolf got 1 The girl was thirteen years old.
closer, he saw the farmer, but the farmer did not She was a .
see him. After that, the wolf hid in the middle of 2 The people worked hard.
They were .
the flock of sheep. That night, the wolf ate the
3 The bag looked expensive.
sheep while the farmer was sleeping.
It was an .
4 The journey took two hours.
Glossary It was a .
flock a group of sheep 5 The tree was five metres tall.
It was a .
3 What is the ‘moral’ of the fable? Tick the 5 Read these morals and choose one to
correct answer. write a fable about.
1 Do not trust appearances. 1 It’s important to plan for the future.
2 Everybody needs someone to look 2 If you’re kind to others, they will be kind
after them. to you.
3 If you try to hurt other people, 3 Don’t give up hope when life is hard.
you will be hurt yourself. 4 Be happy with what you’ve got.
5 Get to know somebody before you form an
opinion of them.
Workbook p. 44
67
(E)ESL_SB2_U05.indd 67 18/10/18 11:07 am

6
Let’s
celebrate
Going to a festival
1 Listen to four speakers at four different
6.1 festivals. Match the speakers (1 – 4) to
the topics (a – d)
a clothing
b dance
c music
d things for sale
2 Listen again. Choose the correct answers.

1 The band Phoenix is performing this
afternoon / evening.
2 The festival food is / isn’t delicious.
3 It took a long / short time to organise the festival.
4 The dancing was very original / traditional.

� Do you have any favourite festivals?
� What things can you do at festivals in
your country?
� What do you enjoy the most at festivals?
68
(E)ESL_SB2_U06.indd 68 18/10/18 11:09 am

Vocabulary 1 Celebration
1 Read and listen to the article. Underline the different ways to celebrate the New Year.
6.2 Which do you find the most unusual?
Celebrating the New Year

New Year’s Eve celebrations are held in every country around the world. People are
often attracted to major cities such as Karachi, Hong Kong and New York where
large public events are organised.
People dress up and go out to big outdoor events where there’s music, food and
fireworks displays. But others prefer to celebrate the New Year in smaller ways,
perhaps by getting together with friends and family for a large meal.
In some countries, people take part in some unusual local customs to

welcome the New Year. For example, South Africans throw out old furniture
into the streets. In Denmark, a strange custom takes place where people
break dishes on their friends’ doors. They believe it is good luck when
somebody smashes a dish on their door. In the UK, just after midnight,
people stand in a circle, join hands and sing a traditional Scottish
song called Auld Lang Syne. In Spain, eating 12 grapes at
midnight means you will be lucky for each month of the year.
2 Match the first part of each sentence (1– 8) to its second part (a – h).
1 We had to dress a place in the park every year.
2 The festival takes b a surprise party for my brother.
3 I usually get c the food festival in the city hall last year.
4 I’m organising d part in the Olympic Games.
5 Seven athletes from our country took e together with friends at the weekend.
6 My parents always celebrate f up for the wedding.
7 They held g crowds of music lovers from around the world.
8 The festival attracts h their wedding anniversary by going to a restaurant.
3 Complete the questions with the words 4 Discuss the questions in exercise 3.
and phrases in the box.
5 Describe a local celebration that you
attract celebrate dress up
hold take part take place enjoy. Talk about
� where and when it takes place.
� why you celebrate it.
1 How do you New Year’s Eve? � things to do there.
2 What other kinds of celebrations in � what you like about it.
your region?
3 Are there any festivals where you
in traditional clothes?
4 Do you ever in the activities held
at festivals?
5 What festivals in your country
people from other countries?
6 What do you know about festivals that
people in other parts of your
country?
Workbook p. 45
69
(E)ESL_SB2_U06.indd 69 18/10/18 11:09 am

Reading Festivals
1 Look at the photos. Discuss the B The Cherry Blossom Festival

questions. When and where: Between March and May,
1 Where do the festivals take place? across Japan
2 When do you think they take place? What is it: In spring, the flowers on the cherry trees
3 What do you think happens at the festivals? bloom. The festival, which is also called Hanami,
celebrates their beauty.
Origin: It dates back to over 1,000 years ago.
A Notting Hill Carnival
Main attraction: The pink blossoms (the flowers) on
When and where: Three days in August, in London, UK the cherry trees
What is it: The Notting Hill Carnival is a huge street Things to do: Bring along food and drinks so you can
party to celebrate the culture of the Caribbean enjoy a picnic under a tree. The flowers appear on the
communities in London. trees at different times across Japan so if you travel,
Origin: It was started in the early 1960s by Caribbean you can experience the event in several places.
migrants who lived in London. Now, about one million
people from different countries attend every year.
Main attraction: The decorated floats with dancers
and loud music
Things to do: Watch the parade of floats and dance
to reggae or hip hop music at one of the music
stages. Also try the Caribbean food that’s sold at stalls
at the festival.
2 Read and listen to the fact files. 3 The Cherry Blossom Festival is more than
6.3 Which festival (A – D) is about 1,000 years old.
4 You will be able to buy food and drinks at the
1 music and dance? Cherry Blossom Festival.
2 works of art? 5 The Harbin Ice Festival takes place in the
3 nature? middle of winter.
4 a type of food? 6 It’s not a good idea to go to the Harbin Ice
Festival at night because of the freezing
3 Read the fact files again. Are the temperatures.
sentences true (T), false (F) or 7 Pizzas in Naples have been made the same
not given (NG)? way for 300 years.
8 Pizzaioli are a group of locals who make
1 The Notting Hill Carnival started in
pizza.
the Caribbean.
2 The Notting Hill Carnival attracts people from
all over the world.
70
(E)ESL_SB2_U06.indd 70 18/10/18 11:09 am

C Harbin Ice Festival D Pizzafest
When and where: From early January until the end of When and where: Ten days in September,
winter, in Harbin, northern China in Naples, Italy
What is it: International artists take ice from the What is it: It’s basically a pizza party where people
Songhua river so that they can create buildings and can celebrate the city’s most famous dish.
sculptures from it. Origin: The pizza was first created in Naples
Origin: Locals used to make simple lanterns from 300 years ago. The Pizzafest festival began in 1995.
the ice. Later, they made more complicated things. Main attraction: Pizzaioli (people who make pizza)
In 1963, this became a festival and soon became come from all over the world in order to take part in an
internationally famous. international pizza-making competition. Visitors can try
Main attraction: The buildings at night. The buildings, their pizzas and help choose the winner.
which are snow-white in the day, are lit up in a variety Things to do: Try the simple, but world-famous
of bright colours. It’s magical. Margherita pizza made from local, fresh ingredients.
Things to do: Tour the ice buildings, then enjoy some You can also join a workshop to learn how to make
winter activities, such as ice skating and skiing. traditional pizza. While you’re in the city, make sure
Locals also go swimming but the water is very cold. you visit the museums, historic buildings, and the
beautiful Mount Vesuvius, a volcano next to the city.
Glossary
community a group of people who live in the same
area or share a culture
migrant a person who moves to another country to live
float a vehicle used in a festival parade
bloom when a flower opens
4 Now read the fact files again. Which 5 Discuss the questions.
festival (A – D) is most suitable for each • Why do you think these festivals have
person? become popular?
1 ‘I love dancing.’ • Which festival would you like to visit? Why?
2 ‘I enjoy festivals with large crowds and • How do you feel about going to
loud music.’ crowded festivals?
3 ‘I’d like to do some outdoor sports • Are there any festivals you wouldn’t enjoy?
and exercise.’ Why?
4 ‘I want to learn some new skills while I’m
at the festival.’
5 ‘I like peaceful places but I don’t like
cold weather.’
6 ‘I enjoy history and looking at ancient
buildings.’

71
(E)ESL_SB2_U06.indd 71 18/10/18 11:09 am

Language focus 1 Relative pronouns
Relative pronoun For Example

who people
Caribbean migrants who lived in London …
where places
… the streets, where people throw tomatoes …
that/which things
… Caribbean cuisine that is sold at stalls …
We use relative pronouns to introduce relative clauses. Relative clauses give more information about the
thing the relative pronoun refers to.
It was started ... by Caribbean migrants who lived in London.
It’s a festival that happens every summer.
The festival, which is also called Hanami, celebrates their beauty.
It’s basically a pizza party where people can celebrate the city’s most famous dish.
Tip box
We use where to say what we do in a place and we can use that/which to refer to the place.
That’s the café where I had my lunch.
Mario’s is a café that sells the best coffee.
1 Complete the email with relative pronouns.
Reply Forward
Hi Tariq,
I’m in Glastonbury, England, 1 a famous music festival is happening. In fact, it’s probably the biggest
music attraction in the country with 175,000 visitors. I’m here with a friend 2 lives near here. There are
some really famous bands 3 I’ve only ever seen on TV.
So far, I’ve visited the main stage, 4 some of the most famous
bands perform in front of an audience of thousands. But there are lots
of other things 5 you can do here, such as visiting the stalls
6
sell food from all over the world. Tomorrow, I’ll see some of
the less well-known artists 7 play at some of the smaller stages
at the festival. My friend says he thinks they’re often the best, but the
bands 8 I’ve seen so far have been incredible, too.
See you later!
Ahmed
2 Match the definitions to the words in 3 Write five sentences about things that are
the box. Then complete the definitions true for you. Use the words in the table.
with relative pronouns. The Harbin Ice Festival is a festival
artist attraction audience which I’d like to go to.

band stage stall
makes me laugh.
book
1 A is a group of people plays gives me bad dreams.
festival
music together. I met my best friend.
film who
2 A is a place you see a band I’d like to meet.
food that
perform live. is a I enjoy a lot.
game where
3 An is a thing makes people I’ve never tried.
person which
want to visit a place. but I’d like to.
place
4 A is a place you buy food at a I can’t stand.
thing
festival or market. makes me feel ill.
5 An is a group of people
watches a form of entertainment.
6 An is a person creates works
of art.
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(E)ESL_SB2_U06.indd 72 18/10/18 11:11 am

Vocabulary 2 Unique celebrations
1 Look at the photos. Which event looks more fun to you? Why?
Nancy - 13 years old Rico - 14 years old

Each winter on New Year’s Day, there is a At the end of summer each year, there’s a
custom across North America to dress up in carnival in my hometown New Orleans.
costumes and jump into freezing cold lakes and The main attraction is the parade of musicians
seas. The origins of this tradition go back over and dancers that goes through the city centre.
100 years, and thousands of people take part. On Monday evening of the carnival, spectators
It probably sounds strange but everybody’s in a can also watch a free fireworks display over the
good mood so the atmosphere is really friendly. river. It’s a great occasion where we can forget
It’s a great way to start the new year. about our everyday concerns.
2 Read the texts. Complete the sentences 3 Children usually dress up in fancy .
with the words in bold. a costumes b displays
c occasions
1 A is a kind of festival that takes place 4 The city organised a large to celebrate
in the streets with dance and music. the New Year. It took place over the river
2 are clothing that people wear to look at midnight.
like something or someone else. a spectator b fireworks display
3 A is a traditional way of c occasion
doing something. 5 Our town has an annual with loud
4 A involves a group of people or music and amazing costumes.
vehicles who travel through the streets as a carnival b fireworks display
part of a celebration. c origin
5 The of something are the details,
including the time and place, of when
something first started.
6 An is a time when something 1 Which special atmosphere / occasion do you
special happens. most look forward to each year?
7 are the people who watch something 2 What carnivals / customs do you have to
for entertainment. celebrate the New Year?
8 The is how a place or event makes 3 How would you describe the
people feel. atmosphere / carnival of your favourite
9 A is a public event at night involving holiday?
lots of impressive effects and explosions. 4 What are the occasions / origins of your
favourite holiday?
3 Choose the correct answers. 5 Would you prefer to take part
in a display / parade, or to be a
1 The of this festival date back custom / spectator? Why?
thousands of years.
a atmosphere b occasion
5 Discuss the questions in exercise 4.
c origins
2 It is when people celebrate the
spring season.
a a custom b an occasion
c a spectator
Workbook p. 49
73
(E)ESL_SB2_U06.indd 73 18/10/18 11:11 am

Language focus 2 Conjunctions of purpose
3 Listen and check your answers to

so (that) + clause (subject + verb) 6.4 exercise 2.
in order to + base form
to + base form 4 Think of five things you did or are
going to do this week. Write sentences
We use so (that) and (in order) to to talk about the including so (that) or (in order) to to
reason why somebody does something. give a reason.
In order to is more common in formal situations.
Bring along food and drink so you can enjoy a I stayed up late on Saturday so I could
picnic under a tree. watch basketball on TV.
Pizzaioli come ... in order to take part in an
international pizza-making competition.
It’s a huge street party to celebrate the culture of
the Caribbean communities in London.
Tip box
We usually follow so (that) with a modal verb

such as can, could or will.
Artists take ice from the Songhua river so that
they can create buildings and sculptures.

1 She’s saving her money so that / in order to
she can go to the festival.
2 Mia talked to Ali so / in order to he wouldn’t
feel lonely.
3 I went to the library so that / to study.
4 Mariam spent a year in Beijing so that /
in order to learn Chinese.
5 We visited the museum so / to we could see
the works of art.
6 I’m going to leave now so that / in order to I’m
not late.
7 You must study so / to pass the test.
2 Complete the dialogues. Use so (that) or

(in order) to and the words in the box.
buy catch find get not be
A: Why did you go to the festival?

B: So / my favourite band.
So that I could see my favourite band.
1 A: Why are you going to the gym?
B: To / in shape
2 A: Why are you going to bed so early?
B: So / tired tomorrow
3 A: Why are you going shopping?
B: To / a birthday present for Karen
4 A: Why are you learning English?

B: So / a good job
5 A: Why are you running?
B: To / my train

74
(E)ESL_SB2_U06.indd 74 11/10/18 5:37 pm

Listening The fire festival
NORWAY
Shetland Islands
Lerwick
SCOTLAND
b
1 Look at the pictures. Discuss the

questions.
• What do you know about the Vikings?
• Which part of the world do you think this
festival takes place in?
2 Look at the pictures. Which picture (a-c)

shows c
1 a Viking longship?
2 a parade?
3 a group of islands?
3 Listen to the beginning of a news report 1 How many people take part in the parade?
6.5 about the Up Helly Aa fire festival. 2 What is different about each group in
Choose the correct answers. the parade?
3 Why does the reporter describe the parade
1 Where does the festival take place? as a ‘snake of fire’?
a England b Scotland 4 Who are the ‘Jarl squad’? What are they
c Norway doing in the parade?
2 When is the festival held? 5 What kind of costumes are they wearing?
a summer b spring 6 What does the reporter say is the highlight of
c winter the festival?
3 What does the festival celebrate?
a the season b the country 6 Discuss the questions.
c Viking culture
• Would you like to see the Up Helly Aa fire
4 Listen to the full report. Put the events festival? Why or why not?
• What festivals are there to celebrate the
6.6 in the order you hear them.
history and traditions of your country?
a The groups perform a song and dance.
b They dress up in costumes.
c They burn a Viking longship.
d There is a parade through the streets.
e The groups visit different parties in
the town.
75
(E)ESL_SB2_U06.indd 75 18/10/18 11:12 am

Speaking Create a festival
1 Discuss the questions. 4 Complete the dialogues with words in

• If you could create your own festival, the Useful phrases box.
what would it celebrate and when would it 1 A: We could decorate the house.
be held? B: That’s a great . I’ll get some
• What would happen at your festival? balloons.
2 A: Why don’t we buy some video games?
2 Listen to a group of friends talking B: Mm, I’m not . They’re expensive.
6.7 about starting a new festival. What 3 A: I thought your idea was really good.
kind of festival do they decide to start? B: OK. Let’s that.
Tick (✓) the correct answer. 4 A: Why don’t we have a party at the beach?
B: I don’t . It will probably rain.
1 a bicycle festival 5 A: What do you think of my idea?
2 a sleep festival B: I think it great.
3 a video games festival
5 Work in pairs. Brainstorm ideas for
Useful phrases a festival that celebrates something
important to you.
Responding to suggestions
Agreement Festival name: _____________________
• All right. Purpose: _____________________
• That’s a great idea. Location: _____________________
• That could be fun.
Activities: _____________________
• I like it!
• It sounds great.
• Let’s go with that.
6 Work in groups. Present your ideas from
exercise 5 to the group and agree on a
Disagreement
festival. Use phrases from the Useful
• Sorry, but I don’t think ...
phrases box to respond to suggestions.
• I don’t think so.
• I’m not sure.
7 Present your festival to the class.
Which group has the most original idea?
3 Listen again. Tick (✓) the phrases that
you hear in the Useful phrases box.
76
(E)ESL_SB2_U06.indd 76 18/10/18 11:16 am

Writing A day at a festival
1 Imagine you are going to a festival. Subskill

Discuss the questions.
• What kind of festival is it?
Spelling high-frequency words
• What will you see and do there? Some of the most common English words are
pronounced differently from the way they are
2 Read part of a student’s diary entry spelled. For example, some common English
words have the spelling pattern ‘-gh’.
about a festival. Which festival from
the Reading section (pp. 70–71) do you In order to spell them correctly we need to
think it refers to? memorise the words by sight. One way to learn
the spelling is to keep a list of common words with
difficult
dif spelling. Use it to check your spelling when
you have finished writing.
I met Mona at the carnival at about eight
o’clock before it got really busy so that we
could explore the area. We were hungry 3 Read the information in the box.
so we bought some jerk chicken, which is a Find six words in the diary entry with
traditional Caribbean dish. It was delicious
and spicy.
‘gh’ in the spelling. Cover the entry, write
them down, then check your answers.
Mona thought it would get really busy later
and she was right. By 11 o’clock, the streets 4 Look at some examples of writing that
were so crowded and it was difficult to you have done. Make a list of common
move. Fortunately, we found a place to words that you use that you have
stand so that we could watch the parade difficulty spelling.
as it went past.
I’m glad we did because it was an amazing 5 Remember or imagine a day you spent
sight. Each group of dancers wore different at a festival or celebration. Make some
styles of colourful and interesting outfits. notes about it.
The music was loud and energetic, so we
started to dance. Soon everyone around us Introduction
was dancing too. • the festival (name, purpose)
I was tired when I got home that night, What happened?
but I felt really happy. We had a great
• what you saw
time there.
• what you did
Conclusion
• how you felt
6 Write your diary entry with your notes in

exercise 5. Then check your work using
your list in exercise 4.
Workbook p. 52
77
(E)ESL_SB2_U06.indd 77 18/10/18 3:59 pm

Self-Check C
1 Read the texts. Choose the correct answers.
Culture
1 2
Rachel
of
Smallton’s Festival
Adults: $15
I was given an extra ticket for
Buy your ticket through our
tonight’s concert. Do you want to
come with me? website and get Under 16s: $10
15% off
the normal price.
Rachel
a wants to sell her friend a ticket to a concert.
b is performing at a concert. a You must buy a ticket online.
c is inviting her friend to a concert. b To save money, you should buy tickets online.
c All teenagers have to pay the full price.
3 4
Thanks for feeding our

cats. Half a tin every
morning, and the other
half every evening.
Also, please change
a The pool is closed this weekend.
their water daily. b The pool’s opening hours are different this week.
c Nobody can swim in the pool after 3.30 pm.
a You must feed the cats twice a day.

b The cats are usually fed half a tin a day.
c You must change the water twice a day.
To: Jun
From: Andy
Hi Jun,
Thanks for inviting me to your party, but I have to study tonight. There’s a big exam tomorrow and
I want to do well. Sorry!
Andy
Send A
a Andy is going to Jun’s party.
b Andy needs Jun to help him pass an exam.
c Andy is telling Jun that he can’t go to his party.
78
(E)ESL_SB2_U06.indd 78 11/10/18 5:37 pm

2 Complete the report with the correct answers.
Saving Salmon
Salmon are well known as a delicious fish to eat, but they are also
very beautiful animals. They are a group of fish 1 start life in
rivers inland. They then travel down the river to the sea, 2
they spend their adult lives. Many years later, they return to the
same river so 3 they can leave their eggs and produce the
next generation. But the number of fish that successfully make the
journey has fallen lately. Many of them are caught 4 fishermen
because they are a popular food item. Other human activities have an
effect 5 well. For example, farms are often a problem because they
can pollute rivers, and the salmon need very clean water. Lots of money is
spent every year in 6 to clean up the rivers and protect these animals.
3 Write a story in about 100 words. 4 Listen to an interview with Han who
Your story must begin with the works at different festivals. Choose the
sentence below. correct answers.
As Kim was walking through the forest, 1 In the past, Han didn’t use to go to many
she heard the sound of cats miaowing festivals because
coming from a bush. a he had to do a lot of travelling.
b they were expensive.
c they were very crowded.
2 What attracted Han to start working

at festivals?
a He could make a lot of money.
b They were more interesting and fun than
other jobs.
c Lots of his friends were doing it.
3 What does Han spend most of his

time doing?
a studying
b working in a supermarket
c working at music festivals
4 Han’s job at festivals is to

a pick up rubbish after the festival.
b set up the stage before bands perform.
c sell food to customers.
5 What is his favourite thing about festivals?

a the people that he meets
b the friendly atmosphere
c the live music
6 What does Han want to do in the future?

a find a completely different job
b organise his own festival
c travel to festivals in other countries
79
(E)ESL_SB2_U06.indd 79 11/10/18 5:37 pm

7 1
7.2
Read and listen to the information
about extreme weather. Discuss
the question.
• Have you experienced any of these types
Extreme
of extreme weather in your town or city?
weather
2 Match the pieces of advice to the
words in bold in the text.
1 Go inside so you cannot get hit by
lightning.
2 Stay away from the beach. Move to high
ground to be safe. and
3 If you must go outside, wear lots of
warm clothes.
4 Hide under a heavy piece of furniture that
will not get blown away.
and
5 Use as little water as possible.
6 Drink plenty of water even if you do not
feel thirsty.
Typhoon Haiyan
1 Watch the video. Answer the questions. 3 Choose the correct answers.
7.1
1 What does the reporter say about the strength
of Typhoon Haiyan? Rains during monsoon / tsunami
2 What is the main problem the people have? season cause major floods in city
3 How are they solving the problem?
Typhoon / Tornado with 200 km/h winds
2 Watch the video again. What do the expected to reach land tomorrow
numbers refer to?
Temperatures reach 40°C as
1 100
heatwave / snowstorms continues
2 3
3 60,000
4 3,000 Tornado / Typhoon with 300 km/h winds
5 50 touches down next to school, destroys
trees, then disappears
• What do you think people can do to prepare 100-year-old tree struck by
for typhoons? lightning / thunderstorm during storm
• How does your daily routine change when the
weather changes? 4 Discuss the questions.
• How has the weather in your country changed
over the last five years? • What other kinds of extreme weather
happen in your region?
• Has anyone you know experienced
extreme weather? Where, when and
what happened?
• Which part of your country do you think
has the best climate? Why?
80
(E)ESL_SB2_U07.indd 80 11/10/18 6:15 pm

Vocabulary 1 Types of extreme weather
Wild
Weather
Typhoons (also known as cyclones and
hurricanes) are powerful storms that cover
hundreds of kilometres. Typhoons start out at sea,
and by the time they reach land, they can have
very strong winds of up to 300 km/h.
Droughts happen during very dry weather. They

can be particularly bad when there is a heatwave.
Floods can happen as a result of typhoons,
or when a tsunami hits the coast. They happen
more frequently during the monsoon season
when there is heavy rainfall.
Snowstorms are caused by cold, winter weather,

when the temperature gets so low that snow falls
Tornadoes have powerful winds. Unlike typhoons, instead of rain.
they are quite small (up to a few kilometres in
diameter). They usually occur on land, and they
only last for a short time.
Thunderstorms happen because of a particular

kind of cloud. This cloud produces thunder,
lightning and heavy rain. Tornadoes can also
sometimes occur during thunderstorms.
Workbook p. 53
81
(E)ESL_SB2_U07.indd 81 11/10/18 6:15 pm

Reading The Wizard of Oz
1 What do you know about the story The Wizard of Oz? Discuss the questions.
1 Where does the story take place?
2 What happens in the story?
3 Who is the main character?
The Tornado
Then he ran towards the building where the cows and
horses were kept.
‘Quick, Dorothy!’ Aunt Em said, ‘Run for the cellar!’
Aunt Em dropped her work and went down into the

cellar herself. Dorothy started towards the cellar door,
but when she was walking across the room, the wind
suddenly became stronger and the house shook so
hard that she fell on the floor.
A strange thing then happened.
Uncle Henry was sitting outside the house looking The house turned around two or three times and rose
worried. Dorothy was standing in the doorway. slowly through the air. The north and south winds met
They were looking at the sky, which was greyer than where the house stood, and made it the exact centre
usual. Aunt Em was washing the dishes. From the of the tornado. In the middle of a tornado the air is
far north they heard the wind approaching, and now generally still, but the great pressure of the wind on
came a similar noise from the south. every side of the house raised it up higher and higher,
until it was at the very top; and there it remained and
Uncle Henry stood up. ‘There’s a tornado coming, was carried miles and miles away as easily as you
Em’ he told his wife. ‘I’ll look after the animals.’ could carry a feather.
2 Read and listen to the beginning of 3 Answer the questions.

7.3 the story. Put the events in the 1 Why was Uncle Henry worried?
order you hear them. 2 Why did Aunt Em and Dorothy go towards
a Dorothy jumps out of bed. the cellar?
b Aunt Em goes into the cellar. 3 What stopped Dorothy from going into
c The tornado lifts up the house. the cellar?
d Dorothy falls asleep. 4 What happened to the house when the
e Uncle Henry goes to help the animals. tornado hit?
f The house spins around. 5 Why did Dorothy give ‘a cry of amazement’?
g Dorothy finds that the house has landed
in a new country.
h Dorothy falls over.
i A storm comes near the house.
82
(E)ESL_SB2_U07.indd 82 11/10/18 6:15 pm

It was very dark, and the wind howled horribly around
her. Dorothy sat quite still on the floor and waited to
see what would happen. She felt like she was being
rocked gently, like a baby in a cradle. She made her
way carefully over the swaying floor to her bed and
lay down. In spite of the movement of the house and
the noise of the wind, Dorothy soon closed her eyes
and fell fast asleep.
When Dorothy woke up, she noticed that the house

was not moving; nor was it dark, for the sun was
shining through the window into the little room.
She sprang from her bed and opened the door.
She gave a cry of amazement and looked about her,

her eyes growing bigger and bigger at the wonderful
sights she saw.
The tornado had set the house down, very gently—

for a tornado—in a country of marvellous beauty.
Glossary
cellar a room under a house
pressure the physical force
that pushes against something
4 Read the story again. Match the 5 Work in pairs. Create the next part of
definitions to the words in bold in the story. Discuss where Dorothy is and
the story. what happens next. Present your ideas
1 moved from side to side to the class.
2 a small bed to keep a baby in
3 made a long, loud noise
4 jumped up
5 put something down
6 moved in different directions quickly and
suddenly

83
(E)ESL_SB2_U07.indd 83 11/10/18 6:15 pm

Language focus 1 Past continuous

Positive and negative sentences 1 I played / was playing football with my friends
I/She/He/It was/wasn’t + verb + -ing when it started / was starting to snow.
2 The storm struck / was striking while we
We/You/They were/weren’t + verb + -ing travelled / were travelling on the ferry.
3 When we left / were leaving school, the sun
Questions shone / was shining.
4 They played / were playing a game on their
Was/Wasn’t I/she/he/it verb + -ing ? phones when the bus arrived / was arriving.
Were/Weren’t we/you/they verb + -ing ? 5 He learned / was learning Italian while he
lived / was living in Rome.
6 When the teacher asked / was asking Hassan
We use the past continuous to describe actions
a question, he listen / wasn’t listening.
that are in progress at a particular time in
7 Everyone had / was having dinner when I
the past.
got / was getting home.
They were looking at the sky.
Aunt Em was washing the dishes.
2 Complete the dialogues with the past
In order to tell a story, we often use the simple or past continuous form of the
past continuous to describe background details words in brackets.
and the past simple to describe the main events 1 A: Why were you and Sara at the library last
in a story. We often use the past continuous and weekend?
past simple together with when or while. B: We for an exam. (study)
She was walking across the room, when the 2 A: What did you do after school yesterday?
wind suddenly became stronger. B: I very much. I just home
My phone rang, while we were having dinner. and I a book. (not / do, go, read)
I was watching TV when the storm hit. 3 A: Where were you at 8.30 on Saturday
the storm hit morning?
The past I was watching TV Now B: I was with Julie. We for the
bus. (wait)
4 A: it when you this
morning? (rain, leave)
B: No, it wasn’t. It was sunny.
5 A: When you Adnan? (see)
B: I to school when I him.
(go, see)
6 A: How did the accident happen?
B: I did not see where I . (go)
3 Write five sentences to describe

something you did last week. Include
Tip box
• the main actions in the past simple.
We do not use the past continuous with • background details using past continuous.
state verbs such as want, like or know.
I went to the mall. While I was
We use the past simple.
shopping there, I met Fatima.

84
(E)ESL_SB2_U07.indd 84 18/10/18 11:24 am

Vocabulary 2 Describing weather
1 Read and listen to the weather report. 4 Write a sentence to describe the weather
7.4 Answer the questions. in each photo. Use the words in bold in
the weather report.
Last night’s storm

caused damage to
trees and buildings
after lightning
struck them.
This morning,
however, the sun
is shining and a
we can expect a
bright day. The wind is
blowing gently, and the
temperature will be quite mild
– not too hot or too cold. Unfortunately, it won’t last.
By the evening, it will start to pour down again,
and in the early morning we will experience
freezing temperatures – well below 0°C. The good
news is that next week things will improve again.
The weather will get much warmer and we’ll start to
see the first hot and humid weather of the season.
b
1 What is the weather like at the moment?

2 What will the weather be like for the rest of
the day and week?
3 What will the weather be like next week?

1 There’s a flood in the streets.
It’s blowing / pouring down.
2 It was very dark this morning but it’s quite
bright / mild now. c
3 Strong winds have blown / struck all night.
4 You won’t need a jacket today. The weather
is quite humid / mild and not too cold.
5 It’s a bit freezing / humid today, but
it’s comfortable.
6 They think the storm will strike / shine
this afternoon.
3 Complete the sentences with the words

in bold in the weather report.
1 The air feels quite wet. It’s . d
2 The weather’s improving. The sun is
beginning to through the clouds.
3 The temperature hasn’t dropped as low as
expected. It’s been a pretty winter.
4 If you want to go sailing, you’ll need to 5 Write sentences describing the
choose a day when the wind is .
weather in your town or city.
5 I’ve never seen so much rain. It has
Describe the weather
all day.
6 There’s nothing but blue sky. It’s a beautiful, • at the moment.
day. • for the rest of the day and week.
7 I’m so cold. It’s today. • for next week.
8 Lightning our house last night.
Workbook p. 57
85
(E)ESL_SB2_U07.indd 85 11/10/18 6:15 pm

Language focus 2 Reported speech
Direct speech Reported speech

Present simple Past simple
‘There is a tornado coming.’ He told his wife there was a tornado coming.
Past simple Past perfect
‘I saw the storm yesterday.’ He said he had seen the storm the day before.
Present continuous Past continuous
‘We’re going shopping tomorrow.’ They said they were going shopping the following day.
Present perfect Past perfect
‘I’ve never seen a cyclone.’ She said she had never seen a cyclone.
will/can/must would/could/had to
‘I will look after the animals.’ He said he would look after the animals.
‘We can come this evening.’ She said they could come that evening.
‘I must hurry to catch the bus.’ She told me she had to hurry to catch the bus.
We use reported speech to tell somebody what another person said. We can use say and tell when we
do this. We usually change the tense in reported speech, but we sometimes need to change pronouns
and time adverbials, too.
‘We can come this evening.’
She said they could come that evening.
Tip box
The tense change only happens when we use said and told, not say and tell.
‘I won’t be at the party.’
He says he won’t be at the party. He said he wouldn’t be at the party.
1 Complete the sentences with 3 Then, she said on Tuesday.

reported speech. 4 She also said in the afternoon.
5 Then, she said and the wind
1 ‘It’s nice to see you!’ he said. .
He said . 6 She told me the next day, either.
2 ‘We aren’t watching a film tonight,’ she said. 7 She said that she that she
She said they . .
3 ‘George finished the homework yesterday,’ 8 Finally, she told me that her friend ,
she told me. and they a film.
She told me George .
4 ‘I’ve had my bike for two months,’ he told me.
4 Work in pairs. Answer the questions.
He told me he .
5 ‘I’ll see you later,’ he said. Then write down what your friend said
He said he . with reported speech.
• something you did yesterday
2 Listen and check your answers to • something you are doing now
7.5 exercise 1. • something you are going to do this week
Noor said that she had been shopping the
3 Listen to Jane talking about the weather day before.
7.6 and make notes about what she says.
Then complete the sentences with
reported speech.
1 Jane said all week.
2 She told me .

86

Listening A weather report
1 Check the meaning of the words. 3 Listen to the weather report. What is
Match them to the photos (a – c). 7.7 the weather like at the moment?
1 ski slope
2 ski resort
3 snow machine
a b
c d

1 What is unusual about the temperature
this year?
2 What is the effect of the current dry weather
c
over the ski areas?
3 What are some ski resorts doing to
stay open?
2 Discuss the questions. 4 How many people typically visit the area to
• Have you ever been skiing? go skiing or snowboarding?
• What kind of weather conditions do you 5 What are some different kinds of activities
need to ski? people can do in the mountains?
6 When is the weather likely to change
according to the speaker?
Subskill
Understanding the main points 5 Now listen again. Complete the
We don’t always need to understand sentences with words you hear.
everything a speaker says, but we do need 1 The temperature is going to be
to understand the main points. To identify the throughout the country.
main points the listener can 2 Because of the to the season,
• predict possible main points before the number of visitors has fallen.
listening by reading the question carefully 3 It is normal for hotels in the area to be
and underlining key words in the questions. in the winter.
• listen to everything the speaker says before 4 Businesses think visitors can still enjoy other
deciding what a main point is, but it is not activities and the of the area.
necessary to remember details such as 5 It is expected to snow heavily towards .
numbers or names.
To make the main point clear, the speaker 6 Discuss the questions.
• often repeats the main point.
• uses key words and phrases (‘First …,’ • What is your favourite season? Why?
‘here’s what you need to know’, ‘what’s • Do you prefer hot or cold weather? Why?
important is ...’, ‘the thing is ...’). • Where do you usually find information about
local weather?
87
(E)ESL_SB2_U07.indd 87 18/10/18 11:26 am

Speaking What was the storm like?
1 Listen to the interview with a person 3 Work in pairs. You are going to role play
7.8 who survived a weather event. an interview with a person who has
Answer the questions. experienced extreme weather. Choose
1 What was the extreme weather event? your roles and complete the information
2 Where was he when the weather with your own ideas.
event happened?
3 What did he do during the weather event? Student A
4 What is he going to do now?
You are the interviewer. Use the helping words
to make questions you can ask student B.
Useful phrases
• Where / when / it / took place?
• What / it / like?
Describing an event
• What / do / when it happened?
• I was at (home) when ... • How / feel?
• We were ... so ...
• I didn’t see ... but I heard ...
• The sound of ... was so ...
• It happened (at night) so ... Student B
• It was so (loud) that I ... You have survived an extreme weather event.
• I’ve never experienced anything like it. Think about
• I felt … • the place and time it happened.
• what the weather was like.
• things you did or were doing when
2 Complete the sentences with phrases in it happened.
the Useful phrases box. • how you felt.
1 a friend’s house there was a
huge thunderstorm. 4 Work in pairs. Role play the interview.
2 in the evening when the lights
Then exchange roles. Use some of the
went out, we couldn’t see.
3 having dinner at the time we phrases in the Useful phrases box to
couldn’t see our food. describe what happened.
4 I any lightning but I the
5 Report to the class what your friend
thunder.
5 the thunder loud that said using reported speech.
everybody was frightened. Ali told me the wind was blowing very
hard, so he was very scared.
88
(E)ESL_SB2_U07.indd 88 18/10/18 11:28 am

Writing Explaining weather
1 Look at the diagram. Discuss the questions.

• What is the diagram describing?
• What do you think is happening at each step (1 – 5)?
Cloud
Sun 4
3
5
Sea Land
2 Read the explanation about how clouds 3 Read the explanation again. Complete
are formed. Underline and number the the sentences (a – e) with the words and
sentences that describe the steps (1–5) phrases in the box.
in the diagram.
As a result Eventually First Meanwhile
How are clouds so which then causes
formed? 4 Choose a type of extreme weather

from the box below. Find out how it
is formed. Then make some notes to
Clouds are often the first sign of more extreme answer the questions.
weather such as thunderstorms or heavy rain.
But how do clouds form?
monsoon snowstorm thunderstorm
tornado typhoon
a
, the sun plays an important part. The
sun warms the land and the sea, b the
• What type of weather is it?
air to get warmer. The warm air evaporates the
• Where does it happen?
water on the ground and in the sea. It stays in the
• What things make it happen?
air as water vapour.
• How do they make it happen?
c
, the warm air rises, and as it get further
from the warm ground, it cools down. d of 5 Write an explanation about how your
the cooler air, the water vapour begins to condense. chosen extreme weather is formed.
e
, the vapour collects in large amounts Use your notes in exercise 4 and the
and it becomes a cloud that we can see. phrases in exercise 3.
When a cloud becomes too cold, it cannot carry all

its water, f some of it falls back to the ground
as rain or snow depending on the temperature.
Glossary
water vapour water in the form of a gas
condense change from a gas into a liquid
evaporate change from a liquid into a gas
Workbook p. 60
89
(E)ESL_SB2_U07.indd 89 18/10/18 11:28 am

8 1 Work in pairs. Look at the clothes
on the website. Describe each
item of clothing to your friend.
Fashion
2 Read and listen to what seven
8.2 people say about the clothes they
want to buy. Match the clothes
(1 – 7) to the people.
Adnan
I’m looking for a short-sleeved top to
wear to cricket matches so I won’t feel
so warm when I play.
Bushra
I’d like to buy my mum a new sweater
for her birthday. She loves checked
patterns on her clothes.
What are your favourite clothes?
1 Listen to five people talking about their
8.1 favourite clothes. Match the speakers Sara
(1 – 5) to the clothes (a – e). I want to buy a cotton T-shirt, perhaps
with a printed picture of something
a dress cool, such as my favourite animal.
b jacket and shirt
c shirt and trousers
d dress and scarf
e jeans and T-shirt Dan
I need some all-purpose trousers,
2 Listen again. Choose the correct answers. so I’m looking for a good pair of denim
jeans. They should be a loose fit,
1 Speaker 1 wears / doesn’t wear her favourite though, because tight jeans can be
clothes often. uncomfortable to wear.
2 Speaker 2 likes clothes that have a lot of /
a little colour.
3 Speaker 3 bought the top last year / recently.
4 Speaker 4 is / isn’t worried about what people Farhad
think about his clothes. I need a plain shalwar kameez for my
5 Speaker 5 thinks her clothes are / aren’t collection. I’d like something made
fashionable. from silk.

• How important is your appearance to you? Aliya
• How do you decide what kinds of fashion I’m looking for a new top, maybe a
you like? blue and white striped blouse or
• Do you ever have opinions about people shirt.
because of the clothes they wear? Why?
Carol
I want to find a long-sleeved dress with
a floral pattern; something that looks
nice and is of a lightweight material.
90
(E)ESL_SB2_U08.indd 90 11/10/18 6:18 pm

Vocabulary 1 Clothes shopping
www.Fashion4all.com
Fashion 4 All HOME SHOP WATCHES SHOES BLOG CONTACT US
SHOP NOW
1. $14.99 2. $105 3. $125
4. $75.95 5. $45 6. $39.99 7. $25
3 Put the adjectives in bold into the correct categories.
Styles Materials Patterns

short-sleeved
4 Work in pairs. Describe some of the clothes that you own to your friend. Use the
adjectives in exercise 3.

• What is your favourite item of clothing? What does it look like?
• What kinds of clothes do you wear every day? Are they fashionable?
• What clothes do you wear for special occasions? How are they different from your everyday clothes?
Workbook p. 61
91
(E)ESL_SB2_U08.indd 91 18/10/18 11:30 am

Reading Traditional clothes
1 Look at the photos. Discuss the questions. 2 Read and listen to the fact files about
1 Which countries do these clothes come from?
8.3 traditional clothing. Check your answers
2 Do you think these clothes are only worn by to exercise 1.
men or women? Why?
Traditional clothing of
Kimono
A Asia B
Qipao
The word kimono is Japanese for clothing The qipao is a traditional woman’s dress from
or ‘thing to wear’, but these days it refers China. Its origins go back to the 17th century,
to a traditional style of clothing. Kimonos but it has changed significantly since that time.
are T-shaped with wide sleeves. Most In those days, it was a loose item of clothing,
people in Japan don’t wear them as usually made of silk, which covered the whole
everyday clothing, but they continue to body. It was mainly worn by older women,
wear kimonos at formal celebrations, but these days, it is fashionable for women of
such as weddings and Japanese tea all ages. Modern varieties of qipao started in
ceremonies. The style and colour of the Shanghai in the 1920s. Unlike the early styles,
kimono also depends on the person’s these were a tight fit. Gradually, different types
age and whether he or she is married or of qipaos developed, often in bright colours and stylish
single. Although it is more common to see women’s patterns. Today, qipaos are designed to be examples
kimonos, there are men’s kimonos, too. These are of both traditional and modern fashion styles in China.
usually plainer and less colourful than women’s.
C D
Sarong Áo dài
The sarong is such a perfect design for hot, The áo dài is considered the national costume of
humid weather and for that reason, it is Vietnam. It is a long-sleeved robe that is worn
popular in many South and Southeast Asian over trousers. It is both practical and stylish
countries, such as Indonesia. This is a as it is designed to keep the wearer cool and
traditional item of clothing and in many of comfortable in the country’s tropical climate.
these countries it is mainly worn by men. Although created in the 18th century during
It is made from a piece of light material that the Nguyen Dynasty, the modern design that
the wearer wraps around the lower half of is seen today was developed in 1930 by the
his or her body, then ties in place. Sarongs fashion designer Cat Tuong. These days, it is
are decorated in bright colours and patterns. usually worn by women, but men can also wear
Some of the typical traditional patterns are it, particularly on formal occasions. They come in
checked, but modern designs often have different colours, which represent the age of the
animals or floral patterns printed on them. person wearing it. For example, younger girls
wear plain white áo dài while older women wear
Glossary darker colours.
tight not loose
material the basic things used to make other things
wrap put something over or around another thing
robe a loose item of clothing that covers the top of
the body down to the knees
92
(E)ESL_SB2_U08.indd 92 11/10/18 6:19 pm

Subskill 4 Scan the fact files. Which paragraph(s)
(A – D) mentions
Understand speciﬁc information 1 how old the wearer is?
After we have read a text for the main ideas, it is 2 the climate?
usually necessary to understand specific details in 3 clothing that doesn’t cover the
order to answer a question. whole body?
First, find key words in the question. Then, search 4 the origins of the clothes?
the text for words with a similar meaning. Finally, 5 the differences between male and
read that part of the text again carefully in order to female styles?
understand it well.
• Have you worn any of these clothes?
3 Read the fact files again. Are the
Which ones? When?
sentences true (T), false (F) or • Which items of clothing would you like
not given (NG)? to try? Why?
1 People rarely wear kimonos as • Why do you think people of different ages
everyday clothing. wear different colours or patterns?
2 Only women wear kimonos at • Why do you think men sometimes dress in
Japanese tea ceremonies. less colourful clothes than women?
3 The style of qipaos has changed • Do you think your fashion sense will
over the years. change as you get older? Why?
4 In the past, qipaos were tighter
than they are today.
5 Sarongs are usually worn in warm
countries in Asia.
6 Traditionally, sarongs had
floral patterns.
7 Áo dàis consist of two items
of clothing.
8 Áo dàis were first designed in
the 1700s.

93
(E)ESL_SB2_U08.indd 93 11/10/18 6:19 pm

Language focus 1 this, that, these, those
We can use this, that, these and those without

a noun when it is clear what it refers to.
These are usually plainer and less colourful
than women’s.
Unlike the early styles, these were a tight fit.
We can also use them to talk about things in the

present time (this or these) and the past time
this that these those (that or those).
We use this and these to show things near us. It has changed significantly since that time.
How much is this jacket? In those days, it was a loose item of clothing.
I like these shoes. These days, it is fashionable for women of all ages.
We use that and those to show things further away.

How much is that jacket over there?
I like those shoes over there.
1 Choose the correct answers. 5 I want to buy one of dresses over there.
6 buses here don’t go to the town centre.
1 A: I like that / those trousers that
You need to catch bus on the other side
you’re wearing.
of the road.
B: Thanks. I bought them from this / that
7 It’s a beautiful day morning.
clothes shop in the city centre.
8 I loved paintings we saw at the
2 A: Could you pass me this / that handbag on
museum yesterday.
the table over there, please?
B: Do you mean the bag on this / that
3 Match the underlined words to the words in
table here?
A: No. This / That table. the box. There are four extra words.
3 A: Is this / that Duncan over there?
B: No. This / That is Mark. Duncan’s over apples belt bicycle bungee jumping
there talking to these / those boys. chocolate horses lightning phone
4 A: What’s that / those you’re listening to? song socks
B: They’re a new band called Generation 17.
This / These is their first single. 1 Did you hear that? I think there’s a storm coming.
5 A: Did you answer all the questions in 2 This isn’t working. I think the battery is dead.
this / that exam yesterday? 3 Let’s get some of those. They’re delicious.
B: I couldn’t answer the last two. 4 That was amazing. I’d like to do it again.
That / Those were very hard. 5 These are too small. I need a larger size.
6 A: Do you live near that / those park? 6 I’m surprised I haven’t heard this before.
B: Yes. This / That is right. They’re my favourite band.
7 A: Did you say you’ve already eaten
this / that evening? 4 Write sentences about people or things in
B: No. This / That wasn’t what I said. your school. Include
Actually, I’m quite hungry.
• a group of things near you.
2 Complete the sentences with this, that, • a group of things far away from you.
these or those. • one thing near you.
• one thing far away from you.
1 Look at book here.
2 Is your phone over there? These are my friends sitting next to me.
3 is my brother with me, and
girls over there are my sisters.
4 was a great holiday. I’m sad it’s over.

94
(E)ESL_SB2_U08.indd 94 11/10/18 6:19 pm

Vocabulary 2 Fashion styles
1 Look at the photos. Discuss the question.

• Which of these outfits do you like best? Why?
This smart suit is perfect This vintage, 1950s-style

for special occasions dress still looks elegant in
such as weddings. It’s a the 21st century.
classic look that will
always be fashionable.
These clothes are

This casual look is great stylish, but they
for relaxing with friends, are also practical
but wearing a baseball cap like enough to wear
that is a bit dated now. every day.
2 Match the underlined parts of the sentences to the adjectives in bold in the text.
1 I don’t like wearing that jacket these days 5 He wore a neat and tidy suit and tie to the
because it’s not modern and fashionable now. wedding.
2 This dress is not for formal occasions but it’s 6 Those boots are ugly, but they are useful for
quite comfortable. many situations.
3 That watch that he’s wearing is a style that 7 That is a traditional and timeless hat.
was fashionable in the past. 8 Suhana’s a really graceful and attractive
4 Her dresses always look modern and in line dresser.
with current trends.
3 Match the sentences (1 – 6) to the sentences (a – f) to form the correct sequence.

1 Those shoes are very dated. a It doesn’t look great, but it’s practical.
2 I like your new suit. b It has always been fashionable.
3 That’s a classic black dress. c It makes you look very elegant.
4 These trousers are quite casual. d I’ve always been interested in things from the past.
5 I like to cut my hair very short. e Nobody wears shoes like that these days.
6 I love buying vintage clothing. f They’re not suitable for special occasions.
Yoko doesn’t worry about the latest fashions but she always looks
1
elegant / vintage. She always wears 2casual / smart clothes.
Peter doesn’t have much fashion sense but his clothes are very 3classic / practical.
He always wears 4casual / elegant clothes because they’re comfortable to wear
every day, but Peter’s clothes are not very 5vintage / stylish.
Kim loves wearing 6dated / vintage clothes from the 60s. Some people think
it might look a little 7casual / dated, but I think it’s a 8classic / practical style
that will always be fashionable.
5 Work in pairs. Think about a friend or family member. Use the adjectives in bold in the
text to describe their taste in clothes to your friend.
Workbook p. 65
95
(E)ESL_SB2_U08.indd 95 11/10/18 6:19 pm

Language focus 2 Noun phrases
2 Complete the dialogues with the phrases

none in the box.
countable and
some
the uncountable a little of the many of the quite a difficult
most
this/that nouns quite a nice some of my such a stylish
all
these/those
of my/your/his/
a few countable 1 A: That’s dress! I love it! Where
her
many nouns did you get it?
its/our
B: Thanks. My mum gave it to me for
their
a little uncountable my birthday.
much nouns 2 A: I always listen to the same bands. I need
something new to listen to.
We use these phrases to describe quantities B: I can send you a list of
of nouns. favourite music. You might like it.
In many of these countries it is mainly worn by men. 3 A: How was the exam?
None of my friends wears a sarong to school. B: It was exam, but I think I
passed it.
such 4 A: Did everybody enjoy the party?
quite a / an adjective noun
B: No, they didn’t. people left
Such and quite have different meanings but early.
follow the same pattern. Such has a similar 5 A: Did you enjoy your holiday?
meaning to ‘very’ or ‘a lot’. Quite can mean B: We had time but I’m happy to
‘a little, not very’. be home now.
The sarong is such a perfect piece of clothing for 6 A: Did you watch that film last night?
hot, humid weather. B: I watched film, but then I
fell asleep.
3 Choose the answers that are true for you.

1 Complete the text by putting the words
in brackets in the correct order. 1 I prefer to wear casual / stylish clothes.
2 I have more than one / two / three pairs
of shoes.
3 I like / don’t mind / dislike shopping for
new clothes.
4 I always / sometimes / never think that I don’t
have enough clothes.
5 I think my clothes say a lot / a little / nothing
about who I am.
6 I care / don’t care if the clothes I wear
are fashionable.
4 Work in groups. Write sentences that
My Wardrobe are true for your class with the phrases

in the box. Use your answers in exercise
3 to help you.
I keep 1 (clothes / my / all / of) in a wardrobe none of a few of some of
in my bedroom. I have 2 (pairs / few / a / most of all of
quite) of shoes, but I don’t wear 3
(of / these / some / shoes) anymore because
they’re not very fashionable. 4 A few of the people in class think fashion
(my / clothes / of / most) are new, but when I can’t find is a little important.
anything to wear, I borrow something from my older
sister. She’s got 5 (collection / a / large / such)
of clothes, so she doesn’t mind me wearing
6
(her /few /things / old / of / a).

96
(E)ESL_SB2_U08.indd 96 18/10/18 11:32 am

Listening Fashion opinions
1 Discuss the questions. 4 Now listen again. Complete the

• In what ways is fashion good or bad sentences with words you hear.
for society? 1 I think people when I’m in a suit.
• What are some of the problems that 2 When I wear more casual clothes,
fashion creates? I immediately see a difference in .
3 For example, a lot of runners injure themselves
2 Listen to four speakers giving their because .
8.4 opinions about clothes and fashion. 4 One reason it became popular with
Put the topics in the order you hear skateboarders like myself is .
them. There is one extra topic. 5 In countries with large cotton farms, there
isn’t enough water .
a What other people think of me
b How clothes can hurt the environment 5 Work in groups. Divide into two groups.
c How the wrong choice can lead to
Think of reasons to support your
personal injury
group’s opinions below.
d Reasons why fashion is art
e When street fashion becomes popular
Group A: Group B:
It is fine to judge It is not fine to judge
3 Listen again. Answer the questions. people by their people by their
1 What item of clothing does speaker 1 prefer appearance. appearance.
to wear?
2 Why does speaker 1 choose to wear 6 Work in groups. Have a debate on the
this item? topic ‘It is fine to judge people by their
3 What kind of activity does speaker 2
appearance’. Which opinion do most
like doing?
4 According to speaker 2, what is the
people agree with?
benefit of flat shoes?
5 Which two items of clothing does
speaker 3 say he likes to wear?
6 What does speaker 3 feel
unhappy about?
7 Which two materials does
speaker 4 mention?
8 What problems does speaker 4
say the materials create?
97
(E)ESL_SB2_U08.indd 97 18/10/18 11:32 am

Speaking What to wear?
1 Look at the photos. Where do you think 4 Read the invitation below. What kinds of
it is appropriate to wear these clothes? clothing are appropriate for this party?
Make some notes about
• the main items of clothing.
• shoes.
• accessories (e.g. jewellery, hat, glasses, bag).
You are invited to the

school barbecue to
a b
celebrate the end of the
school year.
Saturday 6.30 pm
Dress smartly – but remember
that you will be outside and
it might get cold later in the
evening, so bring something
warm that you can put on.
5 Work in pairs. Read the instructions

c
below. Have a conversation with your
friend using your ideas from exercise 4.
2 Qistina is helping Anna choose some Student A

8.5 clothes to wear for an event. Listen to Imagine you are going to choose clothes for the
their conversation. Choose the school barbecue. Ask your friend for suggestions.
outfit (a – c) Anna decides to wear.
Useful phrases
Student B
Making suggestions
• How about / What about (that dress)? Help your friend choose clothes for the school
• I suggest you (buy a new hat). barbecue. Make suggestions for two items of
• I recommend (wearing these trousers). clothing, shoes, and one accessory
• Maybe you should (try it on).
• You could always (wear those shoes).
• Why don’t you (take off your jacket)?
What do you think I should

3 Listen again. Complete the sentences wear to the barbecue?
and questions with phrases in the
Useful phrases box.
What about ...
1 this top?
2 wear it with a nice pair of jeans.
3 wear a smart dress.
4 try it on?
5 get some flat shoes. 6 Work in pairs. Exchange roles with
6 wearing a pair like these. your friend.
98
(E)ESL_SB2_U08.indd 98 18/10/18 11:33 am

Writing Is fashion important?
1 Discuss the question. 4 Read the essay again. Complete it with

• How important are your clothes to you? Why? the linking phrases in the box.
2 Look at a student’s notes below. First of all For these reasons In addition
In conclusion In this essay Finally
How many of his reasons did you think
of? What other reasons did you discuss?
Subskill
Reasons why fashion is important Commas for a list of ideas
– first impressions are important We use commas to separate words or phrases
of a list. We do not usually use a comma
– makes you feel happy
between the last two items in the list.
– some clothes reflect your culture It tells us about a person’s lifestyle, personality
and traditions and culture.
– makes you feel more confident It says a lot about who we are, our culture
– expresses who you are and beliefs.
The shalwar is smart, colourful, comfortable
– you can find people with similar tastes
and elegant.
and interests
3 Read parts of the student’s essay 5 Add commas and ‘and’ to the sentences.
below. Tick (✓) the reasons from his 1 The company designs skirts dresses
notes in exercise 2 that he includes. blouses trousers.
2 The national anthem represents our country
its people culture.
Why is fashion 3 I bought the shirt because it looks good it’s

comfortable it was cheap.
important? 6 Work in pairs. You are going to write an
Fashion is an important part of everyone’s life.
essay titled ‘Why is fashion important
It tells us about a person’s lifestyle, personality
and culture. 1 , I will discuss the reasons to people?’ Discuss three reasons to
why fashion is so important. include in your essay.
2
, we often decide what to think about 7 Write your essay using your notes in
someone when we first meet them based exercise 6 and the linking phrases
on what clothes they are wearing. If they are
in exercise 4. Use the table below.
wearing clothes that are casual or not
very fashionable ... Then check your work.
3
, fashion is an opportunity for Introduction
us to express our personal identity.
It is an important way for us to be
creative and ...
cr Reason 1
4
, fashion also lets us
celebrate the traditions and Reason 2
values of where we come from.
For example, the shalwar
kameez is ... Reason 3
5
, our taste in fashion is
Conclusion
important for a number of reasons.
It helps people get an impression of
us when we meet them. It also says a
lot about who we are, our culture and
beliefs. 6 , I believe fashion is
very important in our lives.
Workbook p. 68
99
(E)ESL_SB2_U08.indd 99 6/12/18 9:56 AM

Self-Check D
1 Complete the article with five of the sentences below. There are three extra sentences.
Working at the
South Pole
The continent of Antarctica around the southern pole of the planet is such a cold environment that most of its
land is covered in snow and ice. 1 Sea animals such as penguins and seals are seen there, but very little
life exists inland – except for the handful of people who live and work at the Amundsen-Scott South
Pole Station.
The station, which was built in 1956, has at least 50 people who work there all of the time. Most of these
are scientists who study the land and the environment. 2 The station is located at 2,835 metres above
sea level on top of a large sheet of ice, around 2,700 metres thick. It is not exactly at the South Pole,
because the ice that the centre is built on is moving very slowly. Temperatures range from -13° C in summer
to -73° C in winter, so conditions outside are harsh and it can be difficult to keep warm. 3
The normal population in summer is 150, but this drops to around 50 in winter. Snowstorms, freezing
temperatures and strong winds mean that nobody travels to or from the station in winter. 4 The people
who stay there must find ways to keep themselves entertained. There is a gym and these days it is possible
to get on the Internet. There is even a greenhouse where fresh vegetables are grown.
The station is named after the leaders of two teams who first attempted to travel to the South Pole
in the early part of the 20th century: Roald Amundsen from Norway and Robert Scott from England.
5
Amundsen was successful and all of his team returned safely. Sadly, Scott’s team was not as lucky.
They managed to get to the pole about one month after Amundsen, but all of them died during the long and
difficult journey back to the coast of Antarctica.
a The other people who work there are support staff, such as doctors and chefs.
b What’s more, the sun does not rise above the horizon for six months.
c Planes fly to the station during summer, bringing all the food and water the staff need.
d As a result, people spend most of their time indoors.
e Occasionally, a sea bird is blown to the South Pole by a storm.
f There are few signs of life along the Antarctic coast.
g Both of them wanted to be the first to reach the South Pole.
h Antarctica is very cold, but most of it is also very dry.
100
(E)ESL_SB2_U08.indd 100 11/10/18 6:19 pm

2 Complete the diary entry with the correct answers.
Last weekend, I went mountain biking with a few of my friends around a lake near our town.
It was quite 1 warm morning, so we were only wearing T-shirts and shorts. After a few
kilometres, we agreed 2 stop for a break. It was a beautiful place, so I enjoyed the view.
3
I was looking, I noticed that there were some dark clouds moving towards us. I 4 my
friends about them, and we continued our trip. It started to pour 5 a few minutes later. By the
time we got back to our town, we were totally wet and very cold.
3 Write a 100-word reply to the email below.
Hi Sita,
I have some interesting news. I’m going to visit your country next month for a few weeks. I’m so excited!
I have a few questions. First of all, what is the weather usually like at that time of year? What kinds of clothes
do you recommend I bring with me?
What activities do you think I should do while I’m there? Are there any special kinds of clothes that
I should wear? Also, I’d like to buy some traditional items of clothing from your country. What do you think
I should buy?
See you next month!
Ayesha
Send A
4 Listen and choose the correct answers.

1 You will hear two friends talking about the weather. What is the weather forecast for tomorrow?
a sunny and dry
b freezing and wet
c very hot
2 You will hear two friends talking about a new student at school. They agree that he is
a shy.
b friendly.
c smart.
3 You will hear a girl telling a friend about her holiday. What was the main problem with her holiday?
a There was a heatwave.
b She was lonely.
c There was nothing to do.
4 You will hear two friends talking about a football match. What do they say about the match?
a It was an exciting match.
b Their team played well.
c Many of the spectators left before it ended.
5 You will hear a girl talking to a friend about her shoes. What activity does she do in these shoes?
a going to school
b going to parties
c playing sport
101
(E)ESL_SB2_U08.indd 101 11/10/18 6:19 pm

9
Heroes and
villains
a
Wahab Riaz
From street to school

1 Watch the video about Eve Saosarin and
9.1 the organisation he co-founded,
M’lop Tapang. Answer the questions.
1 Why did he start M’lop Tapang?
2 How did M’lop Tapang get its name? 1 Look at the photos. Discuss the
3 Where did he grow up? questions.
2 Watch the video again. Choose the • Do you know who these people are?
• How would you describe what they
correct answers.
look like?
1 Many of the children at M’lop Tapang are • What do you think their personalities
former street kids who had been given some are like?
education / no education of any kind.
2 Many street kids dream of going to school when 2 Read and listen to the
they see other children doing it / they are 9.2 descriptions. Match the
told that that is what’s good for them.
descriptions (1 – 5) to the
3 M’lop Tapang was started in 2003 / 2005.
4 Eve Saosarin experienced a difficult / relaxed photos (a – e).
childhood.
5 Eve Saosarin stopped going to school to work 1 He’s quite tall and handsome.
as a fisherman / when he lost his hand. He’s very well-built but not
overweight. He’s bald and he
looks like he’s in his mid 40s.
• Do you think Eve Saosarin is a hero? Why? 2 He’s medium height and he’s
• What kinds of things do heroes do? got short hair. He’s probably quite
• Why do we need heroes? fit but he isn’t very muscular.
He looks quite young, perhaps in
his early 30s.
102
(E)ESL_SB2_U09.indd 102 11/12/18 2:20 PM

Vocabulary 1 Appearance
a b c d e
Maggie Smith Dwayne Johnson Chloe Moretz Peter Dinklage
3 She’s got medium-length hair and blue eyes. She’s got a slim build and she’s quite an elderly
woman. She might be in her late 70s.
4 She’s an attractive, young woman. Her clothes are smart and she’s got long hair.
5 He’s got dark, curly hair and a beard. He looks middle-aged and a little scruffy.
3 Add the adjectives in bold to the table.
General Age Hair Build Height

appearance
handsome
4 Now add the adjectives in the box to the table in exercise 3. The adjective ‘short’ can
be put in two categories.
mature short smart straight tall thin blonde ugly young wavy

• Do you have a personal hero? What does he/she look like?
• Do you think you can know if a person is good or bad from their appearance? Why?
• Do you think actors and musicians should be considered heroes? Why?
• Who are heroes in your country? Why are they heroes?
Workbook p. 69
103
(E)ESL_SB2_U09.indd 103 18/10/18 11:34 am

Reading Detective Holmes
1 Discuss the questions. 2 Listen to some information about

1 Who is Sherlock Holmes? What does he do?
9.3 Sherlock Holmes. Check your answers
2 Where does he live? to exercise 1.
3 Who is Dr Watson?
4 What special or unusual abilities does 3 Read and listen to an excerpt from
Sherlock Holmes have? 9.4 a story about Sherlock Holmes.
5 Who is Moriarty?
1 Why does Moriarty visit Sherlock Holmes?
a To try to murder Holmes
b To steal something from Holmes
c To give Holmes a warning
2 What is Moriarty’s opinion of Holmes?

a He admires Holmes.
b He thinks Holmes makes a lot of
mistakes.
c He thinks Holmes is arrogant.
4 Read the excerpt again. Answer the

questions.
1 Why does Holmes think he wasn’t ‘in any
personal danger’ (line 13)?
2 Why does Moriarty take out a notebook
(line 22)?
3 Why does Moriarty say, ‘The situation is
becoming impossible’ (line 25)?
4 What do you think is the ‘one result’ that
Moriarty is talking about (line 29)?
5 What do you think is the ‘extreme measure’
(line 31) Moriarty will take?
6 What ‘result’ is Holmes happy to accept
(line 44)?

• What do you think is similar between
Moriarty and Holmes?
• What do you think is different between them?
• Why do you think some intelligent people
choose a life of crime?
104
(E)ESL_SB2_U09.indd 104 27/9/18 9:50 am

Sherlockand
Holmes
Professor Moriarty
For years, Professor Moriarty was behind the worst ‘You must stop, Mr Holmes,’ he said. ‘A man of
crimes in London. The man was everywhere but no your intelligence will see that there can be only
one had heard of him. I could not rest, not when one result. Although I have enjoyed watching you
such a man was walking the streets. 30 work, it would make me very sad if I had to take
any extreme measure to stop you. You smile,
5 One morning, I was sitting in my room, when the sir, but I promise that it really would.’
door opened and Moriarty himself stood before
me. It was a surprise to see the man who had been ‘Danger is part of my job,’ I replied.
so much in my thoughts lately. His appearance was
quite familiar to me. He was tall and thin, and he ‘That is not danger,’ he said. ‘It is certain
10 looked something like a professor. 35 destruction. You must stand clear, Mr Holmes.’
He stared at me with great interest. Even though ‘Well, I am afraid you must leave now. I have
I knew this man was a dangerous criminal, I also important business elsewhere,’ I said.
felt quite sure that I was not in any personal danger
at that moment. Moriarty did little himself. He only He rose and looked at me in silence, shaking his head.
15 planned while other people completed his crimes.
‘You know very little about me, Mr Holmes, whereas
‘Take a chair,’ I said. ‘I can give you five minutes.’ 40 I know every move of your game,’ he said at last.
‘It has been a duel between you and me, Mr Holmes.
‘I’m sure you already know everything that I have You hope to beat me. However, if that happens you
to say,’ he said as he sat himself opposite me. will destroy yourself, too.’
‘Then possibly you know my answer,’ I replied. ‘I would happily accept that result in the interest
45 of the public,’ I said, and so he turned around and
20 He smiled, but there was something about his eyes went out of the room.
which made me feel uncomfortable. He put his
hand into his pocket and took out a notebook.
Glossary
‘We first met each other in January. Then in
measure a way of fixing a problem
February, you stopped my plans, and again in March destruction the activity of destroying something
25 and April. The situation is becoming impossible.’ duel a fight between two people
result an event that happens because of an earlier event
‘Do you have any suggestions?’ I asked.

105
(E)ESL_SB2_U09.indd 105 18/10/18 11:35 am

Language focus 1 Reflexive pronouns
2 Complete the sentences with the reflexive

Subject Object Reflexive pronouns in the box.
pronoun pronoun pronoun
himself itself myself ourselves
I me myself themselves yourself yourselves
you (singular) you yourself
1 I failed the exam so I felt sorry for .
he him himself
2 He looked at in the mirror.
she her herself 3 You should introduce to Minh.
4 Faisal and Ali, have you already made
it it itself
something to eat?
we us ourselves 5 If you leave the TV on, it will turn off after
you (plural) you yourselves a few hours.
6 My dad and I painted my bedroom .
they them themselves 7 Are they old enough to look after ?
We use reflexive pronouns after verbs to refer to 3 Rewrite the sentences with a reflexive
the subject of the sentence. pronoun in the correct position.
He sat himself opposite me. Did you paint the picture? Or did somebody help you?
Did you paint the picture yourself? Or did
You will destroy yourself.
somebody help you?
1 They wanted something to drink, so they made
We also use them after the noun or pronoun in
some tea.
order to add emphasis.
2 Rio didn’t have a music teacher so he taught
Professor Moriarty himself stood before me. the piano.
3 We cleaned the house. We didn’t ask anybody
to help us clean it.
4 Cindy didn’t speak to the teacher, but I did.
1 Choose the correct answers. I spoke to the teacher.
5 Aisha bought that shirt because she needed
1 A: Should we ask for help?
some new clothes.
B: No. We can do it us / ourselves.
6 We made the cake. We didn’t buy it.
2 A: Did you like the film?
B: Yes, I enjoyed it / itself.
3 A: Who’s going to teach the class this afternoon? 4 Complete the sentences so they are true
B: The headteacher she / herself is going for you. Use a reflexive pronoun.
to teach the class. I often buy myself an ice cream at the weekend.
4 A: Amir gave me / myself a present.
B: That was nice of him / himself. 1 When I look at in the mirror, I think I look
5 A: Have you / yourself read the book? like .
B: I / Myself haven’t read it me / myself, 2 My family always enjoy at .
but I want to. 3 A question I sometimes ask
6 A: Can you take a picture of us / ourselves? is .
B: Certainly. 4 I often buy .
5 If we practise, we can teach
to .

106
(E)ESL_SB2_U09.indd 106 6/12/18 11:26 AM

Vocabulary 2 Personality
1 Read the descriptions. Discuss the questions.

• Which adjectives in bold have positive meanings?
• Which adjectives in bold have negative meanings?
Mai Ahmed Chen

My best friend’s usually an I am a few years older than my My dad has a really cheerful
easy-going person. She’s also brother, and we don’t always get personality. He usually has a little
quite sociable and she’s got lots of on well with each other. I think smile on his face, and he often
friends, but when she has to talk in I’m quite a polite and generous hums a tune. The only time this
front of the class she person with most people, but I’m isn’t true is early in the morning.
suddenly gets very often rude to my brother and I can Until he’s had breakfast and some
shy and nervous. be quite selfish. coffee, he can be quite moody.
2 Choose negative adjectives in bold from 6 Rami loves parties. He’s very .
the descriptions that are opposite to the 7 Wei Lin never seems sad. She’s always .
positive adjectives below. 8 Mark says things that upsets people.
He’s .
1 cheerful 9 Kwang spends a lot of time helping other
2 easy-going people. She’s very .
3 generous
4 sociable 5 Work in pairs. Tell your friend about
5 polite
somebody you know well. Discuss
the questions.
• Which adjectives do you think describe
1 My sister never lets me use her phone.
his/her personality most of the time?
She can be very generous / selfish about it.
• Are there situations when the opposite is
2 She’s very polite / rude. She will always say
true? When?
‘please’ and ‘thank you’.
3 I like Sara because she’s very relaxed and
easy-going / nervous.
4 Nick’s usually quite cheerful / moody, but he
looks sad today.
5 I’m not very sociable / shy, so I find it easy to
meet new people.

adjectives in bold.
1 Ming doesn’t like to be around large groups
of people. He’s .
2 Daniel only thinks about himself. He’s .
3 Maya’s always worried about something.
She’s .
4 Haris’ emotions often change and he gets
angry quickly. He’s .
5 Maria’s often calm, and she doesn’t get
upset easily. She’s .
Workbook p. 73
107
(E)ESL_SB2_U09.indd 107 27/9/18 9:50 am

Language focus 2 Contrast words
2 Rewrite the sentences with the words in

Contrasting words connect ideas that are very brackets.
different. We can use but, while and whereas
between contrasting ideas in the same sentence. 1 Yusuf is quite honest. I don’t trust him.
(although)
but 2 They like talking to new people. We’re quite
second shy. (whereas)
first idea + while +
idea 3 Boon was upset. Tariq stayed calm.
whereas
(even though)
It’s raining now but it was sunny this morning. 4 Henry is well-built. He doesn’t do any
He only plans while other people complete exercise. (but)
his crimes. 5 Rafi and Amelia are usually very talkative.
You know very little about me whereas I know They weren’t last night. (however)
every move of your game. 6 I was late. Jie Min was early as usual. (while)
We can use while, whereas, although and even 3 Compare yourself to a friend.
though to start a sentence. Here, we use a comma Write some notes in each category
between the contrasting idea and main idea. to describe you and your friend.
While You A friend
Whereas contrasting
+ + main idea Personality outgoing shy
Although idea,
Even though
Appearance
While it is raining now, it was sunny this morning.

Likes
Although it’s raining now, it wasn’t this morning
We also use however to contrast ideas in two Dislikes

sentences. We usually start the second sentence
with however and a comma.
4 Work in pairs. Look at the table in
first second
sentence
However, +
sentence
exercise 3 and describe the differences
between you and your friend using
It is raining now. However, it was sunny contrast words.
this morning. ’mquiteoutgoing,whilemyfriend’sabit
I
shy.

1 John’s quite brave. Even though / However,
he isn’t very smart.
2 Sonia’s always generous, but / however
Ning can be quite selfish sometimes.
3 But / Even though Kim and Fatima are smart,
they aren’t very hardworking.
4 However / While I’m usually very talkative,
I’m actually quite shy in large groups.
5 Adnan’s quite serious, however / whereas
his brother Bahar is really funny.
6 Although / However Emma’s usually friendly,
she was really rude to me yesterday.
7 Rashid is quite short. However / Whereas,
he’s very strong.
8 Grace is always cheerful, however / while
Vina’s often moody.

108
(E)ESL_SB2_U09.indd 108 18/10/18 11:38 am

Listening Superheroes and supervillains
1 Discuss the questions. 5 changes appearance when he/she

feels stressed?
• What superheroes and supervillains do
6 can make himself/herself look like a
you know?
different person?
• Which is your favourite superhero? Why?
7 are scientists?
• Which is your favourite supervillain? Why?
8 is also a leader of a country?
2 Listen to a podcast about Stacy’s top 4 Work in pairs. Which superhero/
9.5 five superheroes and supervillains. supervillain said these things?
1 ‘I really don’t want to talk to you!’
1 Spider Man 2 ‘I must make sure the people of my country
a hero b villain c both are safe.’
2 Dr Doom 3 ‘Be careful. I’m feeling a bit emotional today.’
a hero b villain c both 4 ‘I just want to be a normal teenager.’
3 The Black Panther 5 ‘One day, I’ll rule the world.’
a hero b villain c both
4 Mystique
5 Imagine you are a superhero.
a hero b villain c both
5 The Hulk
a hero b villain c both • your appearance and costume.
• your personality.
3 Listen again. Which character(s) • special things that help you (super powers or
unusual technology).
1 goes to school?
2 do people know very little about?
6 Work in groups. Tell each other about
3 is in his/her teens?
4 wears a black costume? your superhero character. Who is the
best superhero?
109
(E)ESL_SB2_U09.indd 109 27/9/18 9:51 am

Speaking What makes a hero or a villain?
1 Write down three adjectives that you

think describe a hero. Then write three
more that you think describe a villain.
2 Work in pairs. Compare your adjectives
with your friend. How many of the same
adjectives have you got?
3 Listen to part of a discussion about
9.6 heroes and villains. Which subject are
the speakers discussing?
a physical appearance
b personality
c the things heroes/villains do
Useful phrases
Starting the discussion 4 Listen again and tick (✓) the phrases in
the Useful phrases box that you hear.
• Shall I start?
• Go ahead.
5 What makes a hero or a villain?
• You go first
• Let’s discuss (heroes) first.
• his/her physical appearance.
Interrupting politely • his/her personality.
• the things he/she does.
• Sorry to interrupt, but (I’m not sure
that’s true). 6 Work in groups. Discuss your ideas
• Sorry, but (I don’t agree). from exercise 5 and add them to the
• Could I just say something? mind map below.
• Take turns to explain your ideas to the group.
Asking for other people’s opinion • Make sure everybody has a turn to talk about
• What do you think? each category.
• Right? • Find similarities between heroes and villains.
• Do you agree (with that)? • Use the phrases in the Useful phrases box to
carry out your discussion.
• How about you?
physical personality
appearance
What makes a hero or a viilain?
things they do
7 Share your ideas with your class. Discuss the questions.

• What do all heroes have in common?
• What do all villains have in common?
• What things do both heroes and villains have in common?
110
(E)ESL_SB2_U09.indd 110 18/10/18 11:42 am

Writing A film review

• What was the last film you saw?
• What type of film was it?
• Who was the main hero? Who was the
main villain?
• Would you recommend it? Why or why not?
2 Read Malik’s film review. Which things

does he mention in his review?
the ending the general plot

the main hero the music
the special effects the writer’s opinion
My film review of Yasmine

★★★★ 2
The story is quite basic, but there are many
1
good thing about the film, too. For example,
This is a story of Yasmine, a talented teenager
the performance by the actor Liyana Yus is
who wants learning the martial art silat so
excellent. Most of the action scenes takes place
that she can win a tournament. Unfortunately,
when Yasmine competes in the tournament.
the school sports coach is useless, so Yasmine
These scenes are the most exciting parts of
searches for another teacher. Eventually, she
the film.
finds a silat master called Jamal who agrees to
train her. Although she is ambitious, she must
3
learn to behave responsibly with her new skills.
This is being an entertaining film overall and I
I think this is a positive lesson for everybody.
definitely recommend it. You‛ll enjoy the action
scenes and it‛s great to see the film about
silat.
3 Which paragraph (1 – 3) in the review 4 Look at the review again. There are
discusses five grammar mistakes. Find and
1 what the film is about? match them with the types of mistakes
2 good and bad things about the film? mentioned in the Subskill box, then
3 general opinion and recommendations? correct them.
4 the film’s main message? articles a the
Subskill 5 You are going to write a review of a film

you have watched. Decide on a film.
Checking for grammar mistakes Then make notes about it using the
It is good practice to check your writing for questions in exercise 3.
grammar mistakes. There are different types
of mistakes to look for. Here are some of the 6 Write your review using your notes in
most common mistakes. exercise 5. Then check your work using
Articles - a, an, the or no article? the Subskill box.
Nouns - countable or uncountable?
Subject and verb - does the subject (I,
you, it) match the verb (go, goes)?
Verb tense - is the tense correct (past
simple, present continuous)?
Verb patterns - when there is a second verb,
do we use infinitive or -ing form (remember to
do, hate doing)?
Workbook p. 76
111
(E)ESL_SB2_U09.indd 111 11/12/18 2:16 PM

10
Beyond
Earth
Life on other planets
1 Listen to five speakers answering a 1 Read and listen to the information
10.1 question about living on other planets 10.2 report. Answer the questions.
in the future. Tick (✓) the speakers who 1 How old is the solar system?
believe humans will live on other planets 2 What objects travel around the Sun?
in the future. 3 How many solar systems are there?
Speaker 1 4 How many galaxies are there?
Speaker 2
Speaker 3
Speaker 4
Our solar system is made up of the Sun
Speaker 5 and other objects such as planets, moons
2 Listen again. Match the speakers (1 – 5) to and asteroids. It is believed to be four billion
their opinions (a – e). years old. Planets and asteroids travel in
orbits around the Sun, while moons
Speaker 1 a is excited about humans have orbits around planets. Earth is special
travelling to other solar because it contains things that are
systems. necessary for life, such as water and a thick
Speaker 2 b doesn’t think it will happen atmosphere with oxygen. In the
while she is alive. 20th century, we started to build
Speaker 3 c thinks there are more spacecraft in order to send satellites
important problems to deal into orbit around Earth and to explore
with. space. Since then, we have found signs
Speaker 4 d says technology must get of water on Mars and the moons of Saturn
better first. and Jupiter, which suggests we may
Speaker 5 e thinks it would be too discover life in another part of the solar
difficult to live on another system one day. Although our solar system
planet. is huge, there may be around 200 billion solar
3 Discuss the questions. systems in our galaxy. And there are at least
� Do you think humans will live on other planets 100 billion galaxies in the universe!
one day? Why?
� How important is space exploration?
112
(E)ESL_SB2_U10.indd 112 27/9/18 10:09 am

Vocabulary 1 Our solar system
2 Match the definitions to the words in bold in the information report. Use a dictionary to
help you.
1 the air around Earth 6 a large rock that travels around a sun
2 a vehicle that travels in space 7 a manmade object that travels around Earth
3 a large, round object that travels around a 8 a circular route around a planet, moon or sun
sun, such as Earth 9 a group of solar systems
4 a sun and the area around it 10 the area outside Earth’s atmosphere
5 everything, including all space and the objects in it
3 Work in pairs. Choose the correct answers.
What do you know about the solar system?

1 How many planets are in orbit around the sun?
a seven b eight c nine
2 What is the largest planet in the solar system?

a Neptune b Saturn c Jupiter
3 Which planet is closest to the Sun?

a Mars b Mercury c Venus
4 How many moons does Mars have?

a one b two c three
5 What is Earth’s atmosphere made of?

a mostly nitrogen b mostly oxygen c mostly carbon dioxide
6 When did the first person go into space?

a 1959 b 1961 c 1969
7 How many satellites are in orbit around Earth?

a less than 1,000 b about 2,000 c more than 3,000
4 Listen and check your answers to exercise 3.

10.3
5 Work in groups. Find information about one of the planets in our solar system.
• size
• distance from the Sun
• number of moons
• spacecraft that have visited it
• other interesting facts that you learn
6 Present the information to the class.
Workbook p. 77
113
(E)ESL_SB2_U10.indd 113 11/10/18 4:02 pm

Reading A trip to the stars

• Would you like to go into space? Why?
• How dangerous do you think it is?
• How much do you think it costs to send
someone into space?
2 Read and listen to the leaflet. What is the

10.4 purpose of the leaflet?
a To give an opinion about space travel
b To advertise a space travel business
c To give facts about space travel
3 Read the leaflet again. Answer the

questions.
1 Who does the company want to take into space?
2 What kind of training do you get for the flight?
3 Why is the flight sometimes delayed?
4 How fast does the spacecraft go?
5 How much does the journey cost?
4 Now read the leaflet again. Are the

sentences true (T) false (F) or not
given (NG)?
1 SpaceExpress has made space flight
completely safe.
2 The spacecraft can carry up to six passengers.
3 When its rockets are fired, the spacecraft will
leave Earth’s atmosphere.
4 The spacecraft will spend two hours in space.
5 The crew will fly SpaceExpress back into
Earth’s atmosphere.
6 SpaceExpress flights are less expensive than
traditional space rockets.

• Why do you think people want to go
into space?
• Can you think of three problems
with sending tourists to space?
• Do you think you will go into
space in your lifetime? Why?
• Do you think space travel is
really for everyone?
114
(E)ESL_SB2_U10.indd 114 18/10/18 11:44 am

Space
Express
If you had the chance to go into space, would you 15,000 metres, where we do a final safety check.
go? There have only been around 560 humans Then the pilots fire its rockets which carry the
in space but millions more would like to have this spacecraft beyond Earth’s atmosphere. In a few
experience. SpaceExpress wants to help everyone seconds the speed increases from 800 km/h to over
realise his or her dream. Our goal is to make three times the speed of sound (3,700 km/h)!
it possible for anyone to travel outside Earth’s
atmosphere and into outer space. After you leave Earth’s atmosphere, more than
100 kilometres above its surface, the rockets turn
Some people might worry about their safety. off and you can leave your seats and float around
Of course, there is always some danger involved in the cabin to experience zero gravity. Through the
space flight. However, we do everything we can to windows, you can admire Earth, its colours and
reduce the risk through our pre-flight training and textures, and you can stare into the blackness of
use of the most up-to-date technology available. space. On some trips, passengers
All passengers on our flights receive three full days of may see the moon,
training before their actual trip into space, including or they might
completing the flight in virtual reality. This makes sure even spot a
that everyone is prepared for the journey and satellite in orbit.
gets to enjoy the trip to the fullest. After five minutes
of weightlessness, you go
On the day of your flight, back to your seats for the
you take return journey. Gravity gently pulls the
part in the spacecraft back towards Earth. At this point,
briefing you are actually falling rather than flying, but at
where the crew 20 kilometres the atmosphere becomes thick
goes over each part of enough so that you can glide back the rest of
the trip. We could change plans depending on the the way down.
weather, such as when we take off. You then get into
your spacesuit and board the spacecraft. The entire journey takes just over two hours, and the
$175,000 price tag might sound expensive, but this is
Once safely on board, SpaceExpress takes off like a once-in-a-lifetime experience that you’ll never forget.
an ordinary aeroplane and ascends to just over
Glossary
rocket a large, powerful engine used for space travel
float move without rising or falling (usually in water or air)
gravity the force that keeps things on the ground
glide fly without using engines or power

115
(E)ESL_SB2_U10.indd 115 18/10/18 11:43 am

Language focus 1 Modals of possibility
Affirmative Negative
subject + may/might/can/could + base verb subject + may not/might not + base verb
We use may, might and could to talk about a We use may not and might not to say something
possibility in the present or the future. is possibly not true. We do not use couldn’t to talk
Passengers may also see the Moon. about possible future events.
Some people might worry about safety. There might not be life on other planets.
We could change plans.
Tip box
We use can to talk about events that are generally
possible. We don’t use it for specific future events. To make questions with may, might or could for
You can enjoy it again with friends and family. possibility, we often use do you think.
Do you think it might rain later?
Do you think people could live in space one day?

1 We can / might use satellites to communicate 4 I’m not sure, but it can / might rain
with people around the world. this afternoon.
2 In the summer, the UK usually has warm 5 Even with modern technology, it can / may be
weather, but sometimes it can / could be difficult to predict the weather.
quite wet. 6 I can / could be an astronaut one day.
3 People can / may visit Mars in the near future.
2 Match the sentences (1–8) to the sentences (a–h) to form the correct sequence.
1 It’s a big city. a The traffic’s terrible today.
2 I’m also going to the cinema tonight. b You can easily get lost in it.
3 Jake may not be in school today. c He was sick yesterday.
4 We may be late for school. d You could forget it if you don’t.
5 I’m not sure where Lin is. e I don’t know it, though.
6 Nina might know the answer to your question. f However, she may be late this evening.
7 Please write it down. g I might see you there.
8 Yasmin’s usually home by 6 pm. h She could be in the library or the café.
3 Write sentences about things you might do next weekend with the words in the box.
go shopping visit a friend do homework stay home sleep late have a pizza
I might go shopping for a new phone over the weekend.

116

telescope]
Vocabulary 2 Scientific discovery
1 Work in pairs. Read the situation below and discuss it with your friend.
Imagine you have two balls. One ball weighs 1 kg and the other 10 kg. You drop both balls from the same
height at the same time. Which one do you think will reach the ground first?
2 Read the information about Galileo Galilei. What is the answer to exercise 1?
Galileo Galilei Galileo Galilei was a 16th century scientist.

His research of the planets gave us much of our
knowledge about the solar system. Unlike earlier
scientists, Galileo used careful observations to
collect his data. He then used this information as
evidence to show that his theories were correct.
Galileo also did experiments on gravity. People had
always believed that a heavy object falls faster than
For Designer a light object, but Galileo did not think this was
[start facs: design as an correct. He made a prediction that both heavy and
article in a science magazine] light objects will fall at the same speed. To prove
this, he carried two balls to the top of a tower.
One ball was much heavier than the other. He then
dropped the balls from the tower at the same time,
and he watched them reach the ground also at the
same time. As a result, we now know for a fact that
gravity has the same effect on all objects.

1 I read many scientific books to increase my 4 500 years ago, the most popular
data / knowledge of the subject. evidence / theory was that the Sun was in
2 Scientists are doing data / research into the orbit around the Earth. Today, we know for a
effects of technology on society. fact / theory that the Earth goes round the Sun.
3 Although we have made millions of 5 We need to collect more data / research before
experiments / observations about space, we can be certain of the truth.
we have found no evidence / prediction of life 6 The scientists’ facts / predictions did not match
on other planets. the results of the experiment / knowledge.
4 Choose the correct words in the box to form phrases related to scientific discovery.
predictions data experiments observations evidence research
collect 1 2
do 3 4
make 5 6
5 Work in groups. Find information about a famous scientist in the box. Make notes for
each point below.
Albert Einstein Ian Fleming Isaac Newton Jane Goodall

Marie Curie Rosalind Franklin Stephen Hawking
� subject(s) (biology, physics, astronomy, etc.)

� research, experiments and observation
� theories that he/she developed
� evidence that he/she found to support his/her theories
6 Present the scientist of your choice to the class.

Workbook p. 81
117
(E)ESL_SB2_U10.indd 117 27/9/18 10:09 am

Language focus 2 Second conditional
If + past simple, subject + would + base form

subject + would + base form + if + past simple
We use the second conditional to talk about imaginary or impossible situations in the present or future.
When the if clause starts the sentence, we use a comma between it and the main clause.
If you had the chance to go into space, would you take it?
We wouldn’t go if we weren’t certain it was safe.
wish/if only + could/would + base form

wish/if only + past simple/continuous
We use wish and if only to talk about an imaginary situation we would like to be true.
Most of us wish we could have this experience.
Tip box
We often use if I were and I wish I were instead of was. It is more formal to use were.
1 Rewrite the sentences using wish or if only.

I’m not an astronaut, but I’d like to be. (wish)
I wish I were an astronaut.
1 I don’t understand space science. (wish) 4 I want to be taller. (wish)
2 We don’t have the technology to send people 5 Joe isn’t here. (if only)
to Mars. (if only)
3 I can’t live on the Moon. (wish)
2 Complete the dialogues with the second conditional and the correct form of the verbs
in brackets.
1 A: What (you spend) your time on if 4 A: If you (become) a famous film star,
you (be) a millionaire? where (you live)?
B: I think I (visit) every country in B: I (probably buy) a big house in
the world. Los Angeles.
2 A: If you (have) an opportunity to go 5 A: If you (live) in another country,
into space, (you go)? what (you miss) about your home?
B: No. I (be) too scared. B: I (miss) my family, of course.
3 A: If you (go) back in time, what year
(you like) to visit?
B: I (go) back millions of years to see
the dinosaurs.
3 Work in pairs. Tell your friend your answers to the questions in exercise 2. Were any of
your answers the same?
4 What would you do in these situations? Write sentences with the second conditional.
you win a lot of money you speak perfect English you don’t have to go to school
you are your country’s leader you live in another country you win a ticket to go into space
If I won a lot of money, I‛d have a party for my friends and family.

118

Listening Sci-fi stories
1 Discuss the questions. 3 Listen again. What does Adam

• What famous sci-fi stories do you know? say that seems to be opposite to
• Why do you think people enjoy these statements?
science fiction? 1 ‘I’ve always written since I was about
• Do you think you need to know a lot about 14 years old.’
science to be a sci-fi writer? 2 ‘My first novel was called Voyage to Saturn
and I was really pleased with it.’
2 Listen to the interview with a sci-fi 3 ‘The setting for my stories isn’t important.’
10.5 writer, Adam Marsh. Choose the 4 ‘They want to escape their everyday problems.’
correct answers. 5 ‘It doesn’t really matter if my predictions
are right.’
1 Adam became a full-time writer
a when he was 14 years old.
b when he was 25 years old. 4 Now listen again. Complete the
c after his third novel. summary with words you hear.
2 Adam finds ideas for his stories in

a science magazines.
b other sci-fi stories.
c his dreams and imagination. Adam became a sci-fi writer because
he was interested in both 1
3 Adam thinks good sci-fi stories and 2 . He worked as a 3
a must be set in space. and wrote novels in his 4 . He
b should seem possible to readers. published his first novel Voyage to
c have interesting characters. Saturn when he was 5 years
old. It wasn’t very successful, but his
4 In his novels, Adam has made true third novel Life on Titan was a 6 .
predictions about Adam gets ideas for his novels by
a credit cards. reading 7 and then he sets his
b video chat. stories on other 8 in the solar
c nothing yet. system. Although his stories are set in
space, he thinks they are also about
5 Adam says he’s made predictions that problems we face on Earth. Finally,
a are true now. he thinks sci-fi writers’ predictions
b we now know are wrong. often don’t 9 , but that they
c may be true in the future. sometimes get 10 .
Subskill
Noticing problems with an argument
Sometimes a speaker gives two opposite
pieces of information, but it is only possible 5 Work in pairs. Read the predictions from
for one of these ideas to be correct. When we some sci-fi novels. Which do you think
listen, we must make sure that we understand will and won’t happen? Why?
a speaker’s message correctly. To notice these • We will find life on other planets.
kinds of problems we should • Machines will become more intelligent
• first listen for the main idea about a than humans.
particular topic. • We will cure all human illnesses.
• listen for specific details that support the • Aliens will attack Earth.
speaker’s main idea. • We will be able to travel at the speed of light.
• compare details and make sure that they • We will be able to travel through time.
support the main idea.
119
(E)ESL_SB2_U10.indd 119 18/10/18 11:50 am

Speaking Living in space
1 If you went to live on a space station for 4 Imagine you are going to live in space
a year, which of these would you want to for a year. Read the information below.
take with you? Why? Then decide on five things that you’d
like to take with you.
books clock
family photos food and water
football friend
gym equipment musical instrument CONGRATULATIONS!
oxygen pet
You have been chosen to live on our new
phone spacesuit
space station for the next year. We already
video games
have food, water and oxygen on board,
but you can also bring a few other things.
Remember you cannot take anything very
2 Listen to a conversation about space heavy or big. There isn’t a lot of space!
10.6 travel. Choose the items in exercise 1
that the speakers mention.
5 Work in groups. Discuss your ideas in

3 Listen again. Complete the sentences exercise 4. As a group, decide on five
with phrases in the Useful phrases box. things you would take with you into
1 Well, , I’d definitely miss my family. space. Use phrases in the Useful phrases
2 Alright, . box in your discussion.
3 , we have to think about our
happiness as well.
4 Well, , I’d like to take my guitar with me. So what things would you
5 that would be a good idea. take ... ?
6 I think it would be very good ...
7 OK. you’re right.
Well, for me, I’d take ...
Useful phrases because ...
Having a discussion
Giving opinions OK, that’s true, but what
• For me, ... about ...
• If you ask me, ...
• Personally, ...
Disagreeing politely
• I’m not sure ... 6 Write the things you have decided on
• Sorry, but I don’t agree ...
bringing and reasons for bringing them.
• That’s a good point, but
Changing your opinion We would take ... because ...
• I see your point.
• I suppose ...
7 Present your ideas to the class.
120
(E)ESL_SB2_U10.indd 120 18/10/18 11:54 am

Writing Space exploration
1 Read the essay question below. Do you agree or disagree? Why?
Space exploration is very expensive. Governments should spend the money on other things
to help people on Earth instead.
2 Read the reasons for and against spending money on space exploration.
Put the reasons into the table.
1 It is very dangerous to send people

into space. Reasons for space Reasons against
2 There are not many immediate benefits to us exploration space exploration
exploring space.
3 We may discover life on other planets.
4 It is not as expensive as people think.
5 Knowledge has more value than money.
3 Read part of a student’s opinion essay below. Complete the sentence in paragraph A
with the correct answer.
a governments should continue to spend money on space exploration
b I think we could help humanity more by using the money to solve problems here on Earth
c there are good reasons for and against space exploration
A
It is true that space exploration costs a lot of money. Some people believe that this
money could be spent on better things, such as helping people out of poverty, or improving
medical technology. However, what these people fail to realise is that there are many
benefits to space exploration that outweigh the costs. In my opinion, . In this essay,
I will give three main reasons to support my opinion.
B
The main reason for this point of view is that a lot of the technology we have today has
been developed because of space exploration. For example, we wouldn’t have the Internet
if there weren’t any satellites ...
C
Secondly, we might need to move to other planets because of climate change and the
growing population. Research has shown that the damage we are doing to our planet ...
D
Furthermore, we may discover life on other planets. Spacecraft have already found signs
that life might exist in other parts of the solar system ...
E
In conclusion, there are several advantages for humans to go into space. The three
reasons that I discussed in this essay are ...
4 The sentences below are part of the 5 Work in groups. Brainstorm three
essay. Match them to the correct more reasons for and against space
paragraphs (A – E). exploration. Which do you think are the
1 Overall, I think it is a good idea to spend best reasons?
money on space exploration. 6 Write your essay. Use your notes in
2 However, it seems to me that we probably exercise 5. Then check your work.
won’t solve all these problems.
3 As a result, human lives are better because
of space exploration.
4 If we did, it would be one of the most exciting
moments in human history.
Workbook p. 84
121
(E)ESL_SB2_U10.indd 121 18/10/18 11:54 am

Self-Check E
1 Read the article. Choose the correct answers.
Astronomy
.
Reena Malik talks about her hobby:
Astronomy is the study of the universe and the objects that exist in space, such as planets,
moons and stars. There is so much we do not know about the universe and I have always found
it very interesting to spend my evenings looking at the stars and planets, thinking about all that
we can learn from them. When I look up at the night sky, I realise that the universe is so big, and I
think about my everyday problems differently.
Since I started astronomy, I have made thousands of observations of the stars, planets and
galaxies in our universe. I still love looking at the planets, such as Mars, and I also spend a lot
of time looking at the moon. I have a telescope, which makes objects that are far away appear
much closer, so that you can see a lot of details. I still remember the excitement I felt the first
time I looked through a telescope and saw the planet Saturn with the rings around it. From that
moment, I knew this was the hobby for me.
It is possible to spend a lot of money on good equipment to look at the stars. Many astronomers
would say that you must have a good telescope, but these are very expensive. I do not think they
are necessary for beginners. Actually, you do not need to buy any equipment but I do recommend
getting a star chart, which is a map of all of the stars in the sky. Star charts are available online for
free, and they help you learn the basics. Then go out at night and learn where some of the planets
and stars are in the sky.
In order to see some of the stars in the sky, you

must have a clear, dark sky to make observations.
This is a problem for most of us because we
live in cities where there is a lot of light from cars
and buildings, but we can still see some of the
brightest objects in the sky. Also, there are a lot of
astronomy clubs which always welcome people
new to the hobby. Beginners can learn a lot from
more experienced members, who often want to
share their knowledge and are happy to let you
use their telescopes.
1 Reena is interested in astronomy because 4 Reena thinks people who live in cities
a it is relaxing. a can see a few things in the night sky.
b she can learn new things about the universe. b cannot see anything in the night sky.
c she can forget about her everyday problems. c should not try astronomy.
d she has seen many new things. d must join a club.
2 What was the first thing Reena looked at 5 What would be a good introduction to
through a telescope? this article?
a other galaxies a In this article, Reena Malik talks about the
b the moon things that you can see with a telescope.
c Saturn b Here, Reena Malik explains how
d Mars telescopes work and the best places to go
in order to see the stars.
3 What advice does Reena have for people c Reena Malik explains her interest in the
who want to try astronomy? stars, and gives some advice for beginners.
a You should talk to other astronomers first. d Astronomy has become a popular hobby
b You should use a star chart. for many people. Here, Reena Malik
c You have to have a telescope. explains the reasons for its popularity.
d You must study astronomy at school.
122
(E)ESL_SB2_SelfCheck_E.indd 122 11/10/18 5:25 pm

2 Choose the correct answers to complete the blog post.
Posts Comments Settings View blog
My neighbour Ali is my best friend. He’s the same age as me, and because he lives next door, we have
basically grown up together. Even 1 we are good friends, our personalities are different. He is a very
cheerful person, 2 I can be quite moody sometimes. Many of our interests are quite different,
3
. For example, he loves competing in sports, while I can’t stand them. 4 , we always have
lots of fun with each other. The important thing is that we laugh at similar things. We 5 not always
share the same opinions, but we never get angry and fall out. If he didn’t live next door to me, I 6
miss him a lot.
PUBLISH POST SHARE LIKE
1 a although b but c however d though

2 a whereas b though c however d although
3 a also b either c though d too
4 a Although b While c However d Whereas
5 a can b might c have d would
6 a can b might c will d would
3 Write a 100-word article for a blog about a popular character from a book, game or film.
You should write about
• his/her appearance and personality.
• what happens to him/her in the book, game or film.
• the reason for his/her popularity.
4 Listen to a radio presenter called Dita talk about a trip to the Space Centre Houston
in the USA. Complete the summary with the correct answers.
e Centre
Dita’s Trip to Spac
Houston, USA
m has over
• The space museu
1 objects to see.
llery, Dita saw
• In the Starship2 Ga
, which took
the Apollo 17
oo n in 1972.
astronauts to the m
ve lled on a
• On the tour, Dita tra
3 around the NA SA
nt re.
Johnson Space Ce
• The main tour is
4
minutes long.
ould visit the
• Dita thinks you sh
centre on
5 .
rec om mends wearing
• Dita
if you visit.
comfortable
6
123
(E)EngAhead_INT_SB2_SelfCheck_E.indd 123 20/12/18 3:24 PM

Finished? Unit 1
B: I’ve was away on holiday in Hong Kong.

Reading (pp. 16 –17)
I’ve only been back 2 Monday.
1 Read the website again. Which teenager A: I’ve wanted to visit Hong Kong 3 ,
but I haven’t had the chance 4 .
(A–D) do you think said this?
1 You’re a good friend, but I think what you did
was wrong. all my life for lately since
2 I’m not sure I want to be your friend anymore.
3 I need to be honest with you about
A: Have you known Nicole 5 a long time?
the match.
B: Yes. I’ve known her 6 , actually.
4 Sorry, I can’t come out. Maybe during
A: We’ve only been friends 7 April.
the weekend?
2 Complete the sentences with phrases in all your life for since so far
the website. Then read and check your
answers.
A: Have you lived here 8 ?
1 We haven’t won a match for ages and the B: No. We’ve been in this apartment 9
other players are him. less than a year, but we’ve lived in the town
2 Everyone really likes her but I don’t 10
I was 5 years old.
understand the her popularity.
3 He’s ambitious, but he’s never been very
Science.
4 I don’t want him to get into trouble, but I Abstract nouns
don’t think it’s the other students.
5 My parents have been me all my life! 5 Write the abstract noun that matches
the definitions.
Language focus 1 (p. 18) 1 being part of a group or a club
2 the time in someone’s life when they
Present perfect are not a child
bargain!
What a
3 Complete the sentences with the 3 an area of a town or city around

present perfect. Add for, since or a someone’s home
4 without light
suitable time adverbial.
5 the way two people know each other
1 I (attend) two classes 6 true things that exist, not imaginary
this morning. 7 a sad feeling when someone is
2 It (not / rain) . The ground is without friends
really dry. 8 art, films, music, etc. that people use
3 I (study) hard years. for enjoyment
4 Jenny (be) good at maths
young, but she still wants to improve. 6 Complete the sentences with the
5 They are best friends and they
(know) each other . correct form of the words in brackets.
6 My dad (work) as a doctor Luke and I get on well.
he finished university. Luke and I have a good relationship. (relation)
7 I (buy) two of their albums ,
but I’d like to buy their latest album as well. 1 Khaled’s known Emir since they were five
8 you (see) Bao ? I don’t years old.
think he (be) in class a few Khaled’s known Emir since . (child)
days. 2 Jack’s fallen out with Ahmed.
Jack and Ahmed had an . (argue)
4 Complete the dialogues with the words 3 Thank you for being so kind to me.
and phrases in the boxes. There is one Thank you for your . (kind)
extra word or phrase in each box. 4 They won the match against a very good
team. It was a great for the team.
all my life for lately since so far (achieve)
5 I’ve never understood why everyone likes
shopping. I’ve never understood its .
A: I haven’t seen you around 1 . (popular)
Where have you been?
124

Finished? Unit 2
Reading (pp. 26–27)

4 There are five sentences with mistakes.
1 Read the report again. Then answer Tick (✓) the correct sentences. Correct
the questions. the sentences with mistakes.
1 Why has K-pop become popular internationally? 1 Every mornings, I get up at 6 am.
2 How has social media helped increase the 2 I put both hands in my pockets.
popularity of K-pop?
3 All of friends were at the party.
3 How do K-pop fan clubs show that they are
dedicated to their bands? 4 I met Anam and both of us went
4 According to the report, what qualities does to the concert.
a K-pop star need? 5 Have you read every books in the library?
5 How has K-pop changed in recent times? 6 Each student must show the teacher his
or her homework.
2 Find words in the report to match
7 She sang all song on her latest album.
the definitions.
Paragraph A
1 another word for ‘fans’
2 an activity that you repeat regularly verb + -ing / to
Paragraph B
3 happen slowly 5 Write complete sentences with the
4 change how people behave and think present simple.
Paragraph C 1 Anna / can’t stand / tidy / her bedroom.
5 a special name for K-pop fan clubs 2 we / hope / visit / Italy / one day.
Paragraph D 3 I / hate / study / late at night.
6 to be included in a group 4 she / not mind / listen / hip hop.
5 I / would like / have / something to eat.
Language focus 1 (p. 28) 6 you / enjoy / be / a student?
7 he / not like / study / History.
bargain!
What a
Determiners 8 Alex and Khamal / dislike / shop.

3 Cancel the word or words that cannot
complete the sentence. 6 Match the first part of each sentence
(1 – 6) to its second part (a – f). Then
I feel happy all / each / every time I hear
complete the sentences with the correct
this song.
1 All / Both / Every of his classmates like
1 Don’t tell Jackie because I’d prefer
rock music.
2 Have you finished
2 All / Each / Every my friends enjoyed the show.
3 Amy plays the piano and she intends
3 Janet’s learned the sitar and tabla.
4 Would you like
All / Both / Each instrument is quite different.
5 I haven’t seen Ian yet, but we plan
4 The teacher gave all / both / every student in
6 If you don’t practise
the class a different task.
5 She loves spending time with all / both / every a (play) that video game yet?
her sisters. b (speak) English, you won’t improve.
6 We’ve been to the beach all / both / every day c (go) to a concert this weekend?
this week. d (tell) her myself.
7 He’s wearing a different coloured sock on e (meet) later today.
both / each / every foot. f (learn) the violin, too.
125

Finished? Unit 3
Reading (pp. 38 – 39) Language focus 2 (p. 42)
1 What do these numbers refer to in Sentence adverbs

the blog? 5 Choose the correct answers.
1 I’ve been to Australia. I haven’t been to
2 3 5 7 800 New Zealand, .
a as well b either c though
2 Work in pairs. Without referring to 2 Faiza sings. She dances.
Jack’s blog, tell your friend what a also b as well c too
3 John enjoyed the journey. May enjoyed
you remember about each place.
it .
Check your answers by reading the a as well b either c though
blog again. 4 Ali can run fast. He can swim fast .
a either b though c too
Language focus 1 (pp. 40) 5 Matthew hasn’t been to Japan. Greg hasn’t
been there .
Prepositions of movement a as well b either c too
3 Complete the sentences with the 6 Write complete sentences with the
prepositions in the box. given words. Use the information in
the timetables.
across along around into
through to towards
Tram
1 The light turned green so we walked Departure: every 10 minutes
the road. Travel time: 20 minutes
2 We went the shopping centre but we Tickets: $1.50
didn’t buy anything.
3 I ran the train doors before they closed.
4 She didn’t go school today. Ferry
5 The rain is moving slowly the city.
6 We went for a bike ride the river and Departure: 7:30 am, 8.30 am,
the lake. 9.30 am, 10.30 am
Travel time: 35 minutes
4 Read the blog entry and choose the Tickets: $2.00
correct answers.
Taxi
Canada, May 19th Departure: any time
After a long, difficult journey, my family and Travel time: 10 minutes
I have finally arrived in Canada. We nearly Tickets: $10 – 15
missed our flight because the taxi went
1
around / over / through the city centre and the take / taxi / any time tram / ferry / fixed times /
traffic was terrible. Then, when I was getting though
2
away from / along / out of the taxi, I dropped my
passport 3across / to / under the car! Luckily, the We can take a taxi at any time. We can
driver found it, so we ran 4across / into / over the only take a tram or ferry at fixed
airport and just managed to catch our flight. times, though.
Later, when we were flying 5along / over / 1 tram / fast taxi / fast / also
through the Pacific Ocean, the pilot said that a 2 ferry / cheap tram / cheap / too
huge storm was moving 6from / out of / towards taxi / expensive / though
us, so we had to change direction and fly 3 ferry / not frequent not fast / either
7
around / along / through it. It took ages! 4 ferry / relaxing quite cheap / as well
Anyway, we’re at the hotel now. We’re going to

have dinner in a restaurant 8around / across / over
the street, then I’m going to walk 9into / along /
through the river for some fresh air.
126
(E)ESL_SB2_SelfCheck_E.indd 126 6/12/18 11:31 AM

Finished? Unit 4
3 How many do you have in your

bedroom? (piece / furniture)
1 Read the article again. Complete the 4 What is your favourite ?
(item / clothing)
questions with words or phrases in
5 What is the best that somebody
the article. has given you? (piece / advice)
1 Why is a little good before an exam?
Because it helps you focus Language focus 2 (p. 52)
2 What should you write down in a ?
The time you study and for how long Modals of obligation
3 Why is a important?
It helps your ability to think 5 Complete the sentences with must,
4 How can you during the day? mustn’t, should or shouldn’t and
By drinking water suitable verbs.
5 How much should you do a day? 1 It’s a good idea to sleep eight hours every night.
About 30 minutes You eight hours every night.
6 How much must you have 2 Students can’t take the exam if they are late.
? You late for the exam.
About eight hours 3 I don’t think it’s a good idea to eat a lot of
7 What happens when ? chocolate.
Life continues We a lot of chocolate.
4 The teacher told us to finish our homework
2 Match the definitions to words in the before tomorrow.
article. The first letter is given. We our homework before tomorrow.
1 s signs that tell you that you are not 5 Don’t use your phone in class, Dan.
well Dan his phone in class.
2 h a painful feeling in the head
3 a a feeling that you want food 6 Some of the sentences contain mistakes.
bargain!
What a
4 m a feeling that you want to do Correct them.

something 1 Polly doesn’t look well today. She should see
5 r the activity of looking for new a doctor.
scientific knowledge 2 The bus leaves at 8.30 am. It won’t wait for
6 r the marks you get after an exam you so you must be late.
3 I think you must join the football team.
Language focus 1 (p. 50) I’m sure you’d like it.
4 Students mustn’t use their phones during
Quantity expressions the exam, and they must leave them in
3 Complete the sentences with the words their bags.
5 You should buy your ticket online. That’s the
in brackets and a quantity expression.
only place they sell them.
1 I don’t want to play with you 6 It’s raining today. We should take our
because you always win. (chess) umbrellas with us.
2 I didn’t know that before. That’s an interesting 7 People should drive private cars in the city
. (information) because they create too many problems.
3 Everyone had after lunch. They should use public transport instead.
(Ahmed’s birthday cake) 8 You must be late for school again.
4 It’s a new . I’ve never worn it You’ve already been late three times
before. (clothing) this week.
5 We had at lunchtime, but not
much because we weren’t very hungry. (food)
4 Complete the questions with the

words in brackets. Then answer
the questions.
1 How many do you usually get
each night? (hour / sleep)
2 How many do you drink a day?
(litre / water)
127

Finished? Unit 5
4 Complete the second sentence with

Reading (pp. 60 – 61)
the words in brackets. Make sure it has
1 Read the article again. Are the the same meaning as the first.
sentences true (T) or false (F)? It is necessary for me to go to the dentist
Correct the false sentences. tomorrow.
Teenagers have fewer friends when they I have to go to the dentist tomorrow. (to)
have a pet. F
1 You cannot enter without a ticket.
Teenagers have more friends when You to enter. (must)
they have a pet. 2 Do not swim in the lake.
1 Old people can feel happier if they in the lake. (you)
are given a pet insect. 3 It isn’t necessary for him to get up
2 People with pets are often more early tomorrow.
physically active. He . (have)
3 Animals carry microbes and they 4 It’s very important that we remember
always make humans sick. Kate’s birthday.
4 Popular pets like cats cannot make We . (forget)
you sick. 5 Is it necessary for us to wait for Ali?
5 Animals such as dolphins feel stress for Ali? (have)
if they are kept in a swimming pool.
2 Match the definitions to phrases in
the article. The passive
1 spending time with an animal as a routine 5 Rewrite the sentences with the passive
r i
form. Use by if we know the agent.
2 the feeling that life has meaning 1 They were washing the elephants.
s o p 2 Naomi invited me to the zoo.
3 the act of owning an animal 3 They aren’t riding their bikes today.
4 You don’t usually see large animals in the city.
p o
5 Someone is taking your photograph.
4 animals that do not belong with humans
6 The company designs exciting video games.
w a 7 It feels like someone is watching us!
5 a body of water that is not near land
o o 6 Write complete sentences with the
passive form.
Language focus 1 (p. 62) 1 the animals / feed / twice a day
must and have to 2 my cat / looked at / the vet / at the moment
3 my parrot / teach / to say a few words /
3 Choose the correct answers. when we got him
1 You have a passport to visit another 4 I / give / a new pair of shoes / my dad
country. 5 the students were on holiday / while /
a don’t have to b must c mustn’t the school / paint
2 You talk loudly in the library. It’s a rule.
a don’t have to b have to c mustn’t
3 We watch the film if we don’t want to.
It’s our choice.
4 You wash your hands after touching
the animals. You could get sick.
a don’t have to b must c mustn’t
5 I tidy my room. My mum told me.
128
(E)ESL_SB2_SelfCheck_E.indd 128 18/10/18 11:56 am

Finished? Unit 6
4 Complete the second sentence using

Reading (pp. 70 –71)
a relative pronoun and other words.
1 Complete the summaries with Make sure it has the same meaning as
information from the fact files. the first.
London’s Notting Hill Carnival takes place over 1 I went swimming at that beach yesterday.
1
in August, and it attracts around That’s the swimming yesterday.
2
festival-goers. 2 He’s a world famous actor.
He’s an actor around the world.
The Cherry Blossom Festival of Japan is over
3 I listen to that song every day.
3
years old. It celebrates the 4
It’s a song every day.
of the cherry blossom trees that bloom in the
4 Sonia gave Ruth a really nice hat.
spring.
The hat is really nice.
The Harbin Ice Festival has happened every 5 Do you know the boy in the red jacket?
winter since 5 . Visitors should visit the Do you know wearing the
buildings 6 when they are lit up in bright red jacket?
colours.
Pizzafest began in Naples, Italy in 7 to Language focus 2 (p. 74)
celebrate local pizza. Visitors can take part in a
8
where they can learn about making Conjunctions of purpose
pizza the traditional way. 5 Rewrite the sentences with the
conjunctions in brackets.
2 Read the fact files again. Answer the
I turned the light on. I could see. (so that)
questions.
I turned the light on so that I could see.
1 What kind of music do they play at the
Notting Hill Carnival? 1 He woke up early. He caught the bus.
2 What kind of food can you eat at the (in order to)
Notting Hill Carnival? 2 We went swimming. We cooled down. (to)
3 What is the purpose of the Cherry Blossom 3 My mum does yoga. She can relax. (so)
Festival? 4 She’s started a garden. She can grow her
4 When is the best time of day to go to the own vegetables. (so that)
Harbin Ice Festival? Why? 5 I’ll call Helen. I’ll invite her to my party.
5 How are the buildings and sculptures at the (in order to)
Harbin Ice Festival created?
6 How can visitors to Pizzafest take part in the 6 Correct the mistakes in the sentences.
pizza-making competition?
1 I waited at the station in order to I could
take the train home.
Language focus 1 (p. 72) 2 We left early so we wouldn’t be late.
3 She listens to music in order to she
Relative pronouns can relax.
3 Match the first part of each sentence 4 He’s gone to the festival to he can see his
(1 – 6) to its second part (a – f). Then favourite band.
complete the sentences with relative 5 I went to the shop in order to find you a
pronouns. birthday present.
1 The museum’s near the building

2 We tried some food
3 Kate’s a friend
4 I saw a horror movie
5 That’s the hospital
6 He’s a musician
a I would like to meet.

b I was born.
c my dad works.
d gave me nightmares.
e was delicious.
f I’ve known since I was 10.
129

Finished? Unit 7
4 Write complete sentences with the

past simple and past continuous.
1 Read the story again. Are the sentences 1 Feng / dance / when / the music / stop
true (T), false (F) or not given (NG)? 2 I / not see / Hyun / while / go / to school
1 Dorothy lived on a farm. 3 while / watch the film / I / fall asleep
2 She lived with her uncle and aunt. 4 Sonia / see an accident / while / cycle home
3 Tornados often happened where 5 we / walk around the city / when /
she lived. the rain / start
4 The tornado destroyed the house.
5 Dorothy fell asleep because it was quiet in Language focus 2 (p. 86)
the centre of the tornado.
6 The house travelled very far before it Reported speech
landed again. 5 Complete the second sentence with
reported speech. Make sure it has the
2 Match the definitions to words in
same meaning as the first.
the story.
1 ‘The wind is blowing very hard.’
1 an entrance to a room or a building He told us .
2 moving towards something 2 ‘He doesn’t usually take the bus.’
3 a strong wind that goes round fast She said .
in circles 3 ‘I’ve lost my phone!’
4 a room of a house that’s below ground level He told me .
5 a soft, light thing on a bird that helps 4 ‘I’ll call you this evening.’
it to fly She said .
6 a feeling of great surprise 5 ‘I slept really well last night.’
He said .
6 Complete the second sentence with
Past continuous reported speech. Make sure it has the
3 Complete the story with the words same meaning as the first.
in the box. Use the past simple or 1 I said I was feeling sick.
past continuous. ‘ ,’ I said.
2 The driver said that was the last stop.
answer arrive cycle decide ‘ ,’ the driver said.
get have rain remember 3 They said they had known each other
ring shine start wait since childhood.
‘ ,’ they said.
4 Cho told us she wouldn’t go on the school
Last Saturday was beautiful. The sun 1
trip the next day.
and the sky was blue, so I 2 to visit my
‘ ,’ Cho told us.
friend on my bicycle. But as I 3 down
5 Abdul told me he hadn’t done the homework.
the road, it 4 to rain. By the time
‘ ,’ Abdul told me.
I5 at my friend’s house, it 6
really hard. I 7 the doorbell of his home
and I 8 for him to answer it. I 9
wetter and wetter, but nobody 10 the
door. Then I 11 that my friend had gone
away for the weekend! I 12 no choice
but to turn round and go home again.
130

Finished? Unit 8
4 Correct the mistakes in the dialogues.

1 A: Are you a new student?
1 Read the fact files again. Answer B: Yes, I am. That is my first day.
the questions. 2 A: Are this your shoes?
1 When are kimonos usually worn today? B: No. Those are Harry’s.
2 Why do kimonos come in different styles 3 A: What lessons do we have in this classroom?
and colours? B: We only have English here. Our other
3 When did modern styles of qipao begin lessons are in these classrooms over there.
to appear? 4 A: Who’s the man over there?
4 According to the fact files, what are the B: This is the teacher.
differences between qipaos in the 5 A: I like this dress you wore to the party yesterday.
17th century and today? B: Thanks. That was a fun party.
5 Why are sarongs popular?
6 What are sarongs made from? Language focus 2 (p. 96)
7 When did people begin wearing the modern
style of áo dàis? Noun phrases
8 Why do people wear áo dàis of 5 Complete the sentences with the words in
different colours? the box.
2 Match the definitions to words in the all ... our a few ... my a little ... the
fact files. The first letter of each word none ... his quite ... interesting some ... her
is given. such ... beautiful
1 t part of the past beliefs and culture
of a group of people She spent some of her holiday at the museum.
2 s to a large extent 1 I understood lesson, but it
3 g slowly was difficult.
4 p a design on clothing with repeated 2 That was film, but I’ve seen better.
lines, shapes or colours 3 friends called him on his birthday.
5 w a person who wears an item He was very upset.
of clothing 4 We have to finish homework tonight.
6 c the typical weather of a region 5 It’s blouse. I think I’ll buy it.
7 r to be a symbol for something else 6 I visited cousins at the weekend.
Language focus 1 (p. 94) 6 Complete the second sentence with

this, that, these, those the words in brackets and a noun phrase.
Make sure it has the same meaning as
3 Choose the correct answers to match the first.
the meaning of the given sentences.
1 It was a bit cold today.
1 This is my friend, Luke. It was . (quite)
a Luke is here. 2 He usually dresses in very smart clothes.
b Luke isn’t here. are very smart. (most)
2 I’d like to buy these shirts. 3 Everybody in Saad’s class went on the
a I’m in a shop. school trip.
b I was in a shop. went on the school trip. (classmates)
3 I’d like to buy those shirts. 4 I only liked two or three of their songs.
a I have the shirts with me. Only were good. (few)
b I don’t have the shirts with me. 5 Fatima is very reliable.
4 That film was really good. Fatima is . (person)
a I’m watching it now.
b I’ve seen the film.
5 This exam is really difficult.
a I’m taking the exam now.
b I’ve finished the exam.
131

Finished? Unit 9
4 Complete the dialogues with a reflexive

pronoun and any other words you need.
1 Read the excerpt again. Put 1 A: Who fixed your bike?
the events in the correct order. B: I .
There are two extra events. 2 A: Should we ask for help to move the table?
a Holmes warns Moriarty to stop his B: No. We can .
dangerous acts. 3 A: Did you tidy Sonia’s room?
b Moriarty claims to know all about B: No. She .
Holmes’s plans. 4 A: Did you at the festival?
c Holmes tells Moriarty to leave his home. B: Yes. We enjoyed it a lot.
d Moriarty suggests that he will hurt or 5 A: Did they copy the homework?
kill Holmes. B: No. They .
e Holmes tells his friend Dr Watson about 6 A: Who bought Dan that jacket?
his visit from Moriarty. B: He .
f Moriarty appears suddenly at
Holmes’ home. Language focus 2 (p. 108)
g Holmes tells Moriarty to sit down.
Contrasting words
2 Match the definitions to words or 5 Match the first part of each sentence
phrases in the excerpt. The first letter is (1 – 5) to its second part (a – e). Then
given. complete the sentences with the
1 r relax contrasting words in the box.
2 f well known, easy to recognize
Although However though while but
3 c a person who commits a crime
4 n a small book for writing information
in 1 Wei is intelligent,
5 s c move away so that you 2 Even Phil is well-built,
are safe 3 I like badminton,
bargain!
What a
6 s moving from side to side 4 She’s slim

5 Jan’s usually easy-going.
Language focus 1 (p. 106) a she isn’t very tall.

b he’s always nervous in exams.
Reflexive pronouns c he doesn’t play any sports.
3 Write sentences with the words in d , she can be moody sometimes.
brackets and a reflexive pronoun. e my brother prefers football.
I was hungry. I bought myself something to
6 Correct the mistakes in the sentences.
eat. (I / buy / something to eat)
1 Be careful with the knife. (you / not 1 Today is hot and humid. Whereas, yesterday
want / cut). was cool and dry.
2 (we / enjoy / at the concert). It was 2 Although, Ollie is very cheerful, his brother is
so much fun. quite moody.
3 In the future, we won’t need to drive. 3 But we got up early, we were still late
(cars / drive). for school.
4 (Emily / introduce / me / at the party). 4 Even although she’s very friendly, she’s quite
That’s how I met her. shy, too.
5 Don’t worry about me. (I / can 5 While my dad listens to classical music, but I
look after). prefer pop.
6 However, I didn’t sleep well last night. I’m not
tired this morning.
132

Finished? Unit 10
4 Write sentences with modals of possibility.

1 Lee / be / at the shops / or / he / at home
1 Read the leaflet again. What do the 2 it / take / an hour / travel to school at rush hour
numbers refer to? 3 the flight / not arrive / on time
a 2 e 800 4 you / think / we / win / the match tomorrow?
b 5 f 3,700 5 doctors say too much exercise / make / you sick
c 20 g 15,000 6 we / visit / Jia / next weekend
d 560 h 175,000
2 Complete the sentences with words or
phrases from the leaflet. The first letter
Second conditional
is given. 5 Complete the sentences with the correct
1 There is always some risk involved in form of the verbs in the box.
spaceflights, so it is very important to think
be can travel will buy
about s .
know can swim not have
2 V is a way to practise the journey
before you actually go into space.
3 Before the spacecraft takes off, there is a 1 I wish I more about space exploration.
b to make sure everybody knows what 2 I wish I to the Moon.
will happen. 3 If only I on holiday right now.
4 The spacecraft then a to just over 4 If only my parents me a new phone.
150 kilometres. 5 I wish I an exam tomorrow.
5 You will be able to look down and see the 6 If only I , but I never learned how.
s of Earth below.
6 You will only experience w for a few 6 Write sentences with the second conditional.
minutes before the spacecraft falls back into I / be sad / we / not friends
Earth’s a .
bargain!
What a
I‛d be sad if we weren‛t friends.

Language focus 1 (p. 116) 1 have more free time / I / play more football
2 I / go to the beach / not be / raining
Modals of possibility 3 you / be / happy / you / be / famous
3 Complete the second sentence using 4 you / not feel tired / exercise regularly
5 you / go into space / how / feel?
the words in brackets. Make sure it has
the same meaning as the first sentence.
1 I’m not sure, but perhaps there is life on
other planets.
There life on other planets. (may)
2 Maybe John knows the answer.
John the answer. (could)
3 It is dangerous to send people to Mars but it
is possible.
Even though it is dangerous, we
people to Mars. (can)
4 It’s possible it will rain later.
It later. (might)
5 December is usually warm and dry.
It in December. (can)
133

134

Extended reading 1 A folk tale
Hans in Luck
by the Brothers Grimm
Jacob Grimm (1785 –1863) and Wilhelm Grimm (1786 –1859) were German
university professors who collected common folk tales and were the first people to
write them down. They published a collection of 200 stories in 1812, and it quickly
became a best-seller. Tales such as Cinderella and Snow White are known around
the world today because of the Brothers Grimm. Hans in Luck tells the story of Hans
as he returns to his mother’s village. Along the way he has a number of experiences,
which he always manages to see as examples of his good luck.
135
(E)ESL_SB2_Extended_Reading_1.indd 135 11/10/18 5:22 pm

S ome men are born to good luck. All they
do or try to do comes right – they will
always, like a cat, land on their feet. One of
these lucky people was Hans.
Hans got up, and said to the farmer,
‘This riding is no joke. I like your cow a lot
better than this dangerous animal. One can walk
along behind that cow, and have milk, butter,
and cheese, every day.’
For seven long years he worked hard for his boss.
At last he said, ‘I must go home and see my poor ‘Well,’ said the farmer, ‘if you are so fond of
mother, so please pay me my wages and let me go.’ her, I will give you my cow for your horse. I like
to do good to my neighbours, even though you
And the boss said, ‘You have been a faithful and get the better bargain.’
good worker, Hans, so I will pay you well.’ Then he
gave him a large piece of silver as big as his head. ‘Done!’ said Hans, happily. ‘What a kind heart that
man has!’ he thought. Then the farmer jumped on
Hans took the piece of silver, and started on his the horse, and he rode away.
road homewards. While he was walking, a man
appeared on a beautiful horse. ‘Ah!’ said Hans Hans rested a while, and then started with
aloud, ‘what a fine thing it is to ride on the back his cow towards his mother’s village. Soon he
of a horse! There the rider sits as easy and happy became very thirsty. ‘Now I will milk my cow,’
as if he was at home.’ he thought. Hans tried, but the cow did not
produce any milk. While he was trying to milk
Hans did not speak very quietly, so the horseman her, the cow became annoyed by his clumsy
heard him, and said, ‘Well, friend, why do you go efforts and at last she kicked him on the head
on foot then?’ and knocked him down.
‘I have this heavy lump of silver to carry. It is so Luckily a butcher passed by with a fine-looking
heavy that I can’t hold up my head, and it hurts goat. ‘What happened to you?’ asked the butcher,
my shoulders.’ as he helped him up. Hans told him what had
happened. Then the butcher gave him a bottle of
‘How about an exchange?’ said the horseman. water, saying, ‘There, have a drink. Your cow will
‘I will give you my horse, and you will give me give you no milk. She is old, and she’s only good
the silver.’ as meat now.’
‘Very well,’ said Hans, ‘but because you are so kind

to me, I must tell you one thing – you will have a
difficult task to carry that silver about with you.’
However, the horseman got off, took the silver,

helped Hans up, and said, ‘When you want to go
very fast, cry “Jip!” ’
Hans was very pleased as he sat on the horse,

and rode happily away. Soon he decided to go a
little faster, so he cried ‘Jip!’ The horse took off
at full speed, and before Hans knew it, he had
fallen off. Fortunately, a farmer who was
passing by with a cow, stopped the horse.
136

‘Alas!’ said Hans, ‘I hate beef. If it were a goat Meanwhile, the countryman began to look
now – like the animal you have – I would eat well.’ serious, and shook his head. ‘You seem a good
man,’ he said, ‘so I must warn you. In the village
‘Well,’ said the butcher, ‘I don’t like to say no, I have just come from, a goat like this one was
when one is asked to do a kind thing. To please stolen recently. I was afraid when I saw that you
you, I will give you my fine goat for the cow.’ had got this goat. If you have, you will be in
terrible trouble!’
‘Thank you so much for your kindness!’
said Hans, as he gave the butcher the cow. Poor Hans was frightened. ‘I know nothing about
And taking the goat, he continued towards where the goat came from. Good man,’ he cried,
home once again. ‘will you take my goat and give me the goose?
All seemed now to go right with him. He had met ‘I should have something into the bargain,’
with some bad luck, but he was now well repaid said the countryman, ‘give a fat goose for a goat,
for all. How could it be otherwise with such a indeed! Not everyone would be so generous.
travelling companion as he had at last got? However, I will not be hard on you, as you are
in trouble.’ Then he took the goat and went
The next man he met was a countryman carrying away by a side path, while Hans went on the way
a fine white goose. home free from care.
The countryman stopped ‘I don’t care whose goat it is,’ he thought,

‘but wherever it came from it has been a good
to chat and Hans told him friend to me. I have had the best of the bargain.
First there will be a delicious roast, and then there
all his luck, how he had are all the beautiful white feathers. I will put them
into my pillow, and then I am sure I shall sleep well.
so many good bargains, How happy my mother will be! A goat, indeed!
Give me a fine fat goose.’
and how all the world
went happily and smiling As he came to the next village, he saw a man who
was using a stone wheel to make an old pair of
with him. scissors sharp again. While he worked, he sang,
‘Over hill and over dale

So happy I roam,
Work light and live well,
All the world is my home;
Then who so happy, so merry as I?’
Hans stood looking on for a while, and at last

said, ‘You must be well off! You seem so happy at
your work.’
‘Yes,’ said the other man, ‘my job is a golden

occupation; I never put my hand into my pocket
without finding money in it – but where did you
get that beautiful goose?’
137

‘I did not buy it, I gave someone a goat for it.’ Hans took the stone and went his way with a light
heart, his eyes full of joy, and he said to himself,
‘And where did you get the goat?’ ‘Surely I must have been born in a lucky hour;
everything I could want or wish for comes true.
‘I gave a cow for it.’ People are so kind. They really seem to think I do
them a favour in letting them make me rich, by giving
‘And the cow?’ me good bargains.’
‘I gave a horse for it.’ Soon, he began to feel tired and hungry. At last
he could go no farther, because the heavy stone
‘And the horse?’ had made him exhausted. He dragged himself to
the side of a river, so that he could take a drink of
‘I gave a piece of silver as big as my head for it.’ water and rest. He put the stone carefully by his side
on the riverbank, but, as he drank, he accidentally
‘And the silver?’ knocked it into the stream.
‘Oh! I worked hard for seven long years.’ He watched it sink in the deep water.
‘You have done well in the world,’ said the man,

‘now if you could find money in your pocket Then he jumped up and
whenever you put your hand in it, your fortune
would be made.’ danced for joy, grateful
‘Very true, but how can I do that?’
for losing his only trouble,
‘How? Why, you must have a job like myself,’
the ugly, heavy stone.
said the other; ‘you only need a stone like this.
‘Nobody was ever as lucky as I,’ he cried. Then he
Here is one that is not very old. I would not ask
got up with a light heart, free from all his troubles.
more than the value of your goose for it –
He walked to his mother’s house, and told her how
will you buy?’
very easy the road to good luck was.
‘I would be the happiest man in the world,’ said Hans,
‘if I had money whenever I put my hand in my
pocket. What could I want more? Here’s the goose.’
138

Extended reading 2 A classic novel
The Adventures of
Tom Sawyer by Mark Twain
Mark Twain (1835 –1910) is one of the best-known writers in American history.
He wrote several novels about the characters Tom Sawyer and Huckleberry Finn
which are considered to be classic novels today. The Adventures of Tom Sawyer
was published in 1876. It tells the story of Tom Sawyer, a young boy growing
up in a small town next to the Mississippi River in the USA. Tom lives with his
Aunt Polly. One day he gets into a fight with a new boy in the town. When his
aunt finds out, she decides to punish him. So the following Saturday, she makes
Tom paint the fence outside their home.
139

S aturday morning came, and all the summer
world was bright and fresh, and full of life.
There was a song in every heart, joy in every
face and a spring in every step. The trees were
green and the smell of the flowers filled the air.
Tom went on painting – he paid no attention
to the boat. Ben stared for a moment and then
said, ‘Hi! You’re not having much fun today,
are you!’
No answer. Tom looked at his paintwork with the

Tom appeared on the sidewalk with a bucket of eye of an artist, then he gave his brush another
paint and a long brush. He looked at the fence, gentle sweep and looked at the result carefully,
and all happiness left him: 30 yards of fence as before. Ben stopped next to him. Tom saw
nine feet high. Life to him seemed hard and the apple and he immediately felt hungry, but he
without meaning. Sighing, he put his brush in the continued with his work. Ben said,
paint pot and passed it along the fence; he repeated
the action, then he did it again. He stopped to ‘Hello, Tom, you have to work today, do you?’
compare his work with the area of unpainted
fence, and then sat down on a box discouraged. Tom turned suddenly and said,
He began to think of the fun he had planned ‘Why, it’s you, Ben! I didn’t notice.’
for this day, and he became sadder. Soon his
friends from town would pass by on their way to ‘Say – I’m going swimming, I am. Don’t you
all kinds of exciting adventures, and they would wish you could come? But of course you’d rather
laugh at him for having to work on a Saturday. work – wouldn’t you? Of course you would!’
The thought of it burnt him like fire. He got out Tom looked at Ben for a bit, and said,
his possessions and examined them – bits of toys,
marbles, and rubbish. This might be enough to ‘What do you call work?’
pay another boy to do a few minutes work, but not
enough to buy even half an hour of freedom. So he ‘Why, that’s work, isn’t it?’
returned his things to his pockets. At this dark and
hopeless moment an idea came to him! Nothing less Tom continued his painting, and answered
than a great, magnificent inspiration. carelessly,
He took up his brush and went quietly to work. ‘Well, some people might call it work, and some
Soon after, Ben Rogers came walking by the fence people might not. All I know is that it suits
with a delicious apple in his hand. He was playing Tom Sawyer.’
a game, imagining himself as the Big Missouri,
the large riverboat that went up and down the ‘Oh come, now, are you telling me that you like
Mississippi River next to the town. Ben was painting fences?’
playing at being both the ‘boat’ and the captain.
The brush continued to move.
‘Like it? Well, I don’t see why I shouldn’t like it.

How often does a boy get the chance to paint a
fence? Not very often, I’d say.’
Ben had not thought about it like that before.

He stopped eating his apple. Tom kept
painting – he stepped back to notice the
effect – then he added a little more paint here
and there. Ben was watching every move and he
was getting more and more interested. Eventually,
he said,
140

‘Hey, Tom, let me paint a little.’ He had besides the things mentioned before,
12 marbles, part of a musical instrument, a piece
Tom considered this and he was about to agree, of blue glass to look through, a child’s toy,
but he changed his mind, a key that didn’t unlock anything, a bit of chalk,
the top from a glass bottle, a tin soldier, a couple
‘No – no – I don’t think I can, Ben. You see, of tadpoles, six small fireworks, a kitten with
Aunt Polly’s very particular about this fence – only one eye, a brass door-knob, the handle of a
right here on the street, you know – if it was the knife, and four pieces of orange. He had had a
back fence I wouldn’t mind and she wouldn’t. nice, good, restful time all the while – plenty of
Yes, she’s very particular about this fence; it’s got company – and the fence had three coats of paint
to be done very carefully. I don’t think there is one on it!
boy in a thousand, maybe two thousand, that can
do it the way Aunt Polly wants it to be done.’ Tom said to himself that it was not such a sad
world, after all. He had discovered a great law of
‘Really? Oh come, now – let me just try. Only just human action, without knowing it: in order to make
a little – I’d let you, if you were me, Tom.’ a man or a boy want something, it is only necessary
to make the thing difficult to achieve.
‘Ben, I’d like to, honestly, but Aunt Polly –
well, Jim wanted to do it, but she wouldn’t let him;
Sid wanted to do it, and she wouldn’t let Sid. In that moment,
Now do you see my situation? If you were to start
painting this fence and anything happened to it – ’
Tom Sawyer
‘Oh, I’ll be careful. Now let me try. I’ll give you
understood that Work
the core of my apple.’ is the thing a person
‘Ben, I’m really not sure I can do that. has to do, and that
If Aunt Polly – ’
Play is the thing a
‘I’ll give you all of it!’
person does not
Tom hesitated, then he gave Ben the brush with
a look of uncertainty in his face, but happiness in
have to do.
his heart. And while Ben worked and sweated in
the sun, Tom sat on a barrel in the shade close by,
dangled his legs, ate his apple, and planned his next
steps. There were plenty of boys who passed by
the fence; they came to laugh at the worker,
but they remained to paint. By the time Ben was
tired out, Tom had sold the next chance to Billy
Fisher for a kite, in good condition; and when
he gave up, Johnny Miller paid for his work with
a dead rat he had found – and so on, and so on,
hour after hour.
And when the middle of the afternoon came,

from being a poor boy in the morning, Tom was
the richest boy in the town.
141

The boy spent a moment to consider how his luck ‘Tom, don’t lie to me – I can’t stand it.’
had changed, and then he returned home to report
to Aunt Polly. ‘I’m not, aunt. It is all done.’
Tom went to see Aunt Polly, who was sitting by Aunt Polly did not believe him. She went out to
an open window in a pleasant room at the back see for herself. When she found the whole fence
of the house. The warm summer air, the restful painted white, and not only painted but carefully
quiet, the smell of the flowers, and the sleepy painted and repainted, and even a line added to
buzz of the bees had had their effect, and she the ground, she could hardly believe what she saw.
was falling asleep in her seat – because she had She said,
no company but the cat, and it was asleep in
her lap. She had thought that of course Tom ‘Well, I never! There’s no getting round it, you can
had run away from his work long ago, so she work when you feel like it, Tom.’ And then she
was surprised to see him standing confidently reduced the compliment by adding, ‘But it’s not
in front of her. He said, ‘May I go and play often that you feel like it, I must say.’
now, aunt?’
She was so pleased with his achievement that she
‘What, already? How much have you done?’ took him into the kitchen and selected a fresh
apple and gave it to him. She then told him about
‘It’s all done, aunt.’ the added value and flavour that something has
when it comes as a result of hard work. And
while Aunt Polly was telling him this and looking
the other way, he also took a doughnut.
142

SB2 - PAK - p1
Acknowledgements
The publisher would like to acknowledge the following who have kindly given permission for the use of copyright materials:
Starter p.8 High school soccer player © Cathy Yeulet/123rf.com, The IBM Simon Personal Communicator by Bcos47. In the Public Domain, via Wikimedia
Commons, ID 48018269 © Neirfy | Dreamstime.com; p.9 ID 30761695 © Patryk Kosmider | Dreamstime.com, Camel caravan © Andrii Vergeles/123rf.
com; p.10 Cricket batsman © Chris Van Lennep/123rf.com, ID 60552191 © Photosbyjam | Dreamstime.com, ID 7443420 © Marc Slingerland | Dreamstime.
com, Penny Farthing by MoBikeFed (originally posted to Flickr as IMG_3019) [CC BY 2.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0)], via Wikimedia
Commons; p.11 ID 13120392 © Luca Santilli | Dreamstime.com, ID 67243511 © Faizan Khan | Dreamstime.com; p.12 ID 29916943 © Danelle Mccollum |
Dreamstime.com, ID 98342060 © Lenaw605 | Dreamstime.com, ID 60402553 © Vladimir Grigorev | Dreamstime.com, ID 84030179 © Siraphol | Dreams-
time.com, ID 71492120 © Tanwa Na Thalang | Dreamstime.com, Dawn by Jessie Eastland [CC BY-SA 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0)
or GFDL (http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html)], from Wikimedia Commons, ID 59570031 © Rosevite2000 | Dreamstime.com, ID 14557525 © Contender1
| Dreamstime.com, ID 113654777 © Luis Molina | Dreamstime.com; p.13 ID 26108440 © Nanisimova | Dreamstime.com, ID 40270008 © Lornet | Dream-
stime.com, ID 33464240 © Fedor Kondratenko | Dreamstime.com. Unit 1 p. 14 Film reel © Yuriy Kirsanov/123rf.com, ID 80322131 © Rawpixelimages |
Dreamstime.com; p.15 ID 42747204 © Odua | Dreamstime.com, ID 94020306 © Milkos | Dreamstime.com, ID 33739391 © Dragonimages | Dreamstime.
com, ID 18035288 © Monkey Business Images | Dreamstime.com, ID 65342916 © Wong Sze Yuen | Dreamstime.com; p.16 Group of students sitting on steps
© Nonwarit Pruetisirirot/123rf.com, Two young women sitting at table © iStock.com | Tirachard, Asian student under pressure © Prasit Rodphan/123rf.
com, ID 73084577 © Ian Allenden | Dreamstime.com, ID 96750883 © Pleprakaymas | Dreamstime.com; p.18 ID 89843865 © Thoron | Dreamstime.com,
ID 31695491 © Zstockphotos | Dreamstime.com; p.19 Two girls hugging in school © iStock.com/monkeybusinessimages, Two boys comparing homework
© iStock.com/lisafx, Sad schoolgirl sitting alone © Wavebreak Media Ltd/123rf.com, Male high school students eating © iStock.com/paylessimages; p.20
Asian girls best friends © iStock.com/interstid; p.21 Rural Vermont © iStock.com/Sean Pavone Photo, Island © Richard Whitcombe/123rf.com, ID 59253681
© Mikolaj64 | Dreamstime.com; p.22 Two Asian females walking © ferli/123rf.com; p.23 ID 69382484 © Odua | Dreamstime.com. Unit 2 p.24 Headphones
© ProstoSvet/Shutterstock.com, ID 29927848 © Andrey Popov | Dreamstime.com, ID 46731443 © Christian Bertrand |Dreamstime.com, ID 93487085 ©
Lightfieldstudiosprod | Dreamstime.com, ID 32561997 © Szefei | Dreamstime.com, Keyboard frame © Thomas Hartwig Laschon/Shutterstock.com; p.26
K-pop contest by Korea.net / Korean Culture and Information Service [CC BY-SA 2.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0)], via Wikimedia
Commons, Psy by Eva Rinaldi [CC BY-SA 2.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0)], via Wikimedia Commons, Concert background with raised
hands © Anna Om/123rf.com; p.29 ID 79323497 © Armen Bogush | Dreamstime.com, Boy and girl listen to music on phones © Narit Bualuang/123rf.com,
ID 105519927 © Tom Wang | Dreamstime.com, Teenager listening to music © iStock.com/nspimages; p.30 ID 66030465 © Pop Nukoonrat | Dreamstime.
com; p.31 Beethoven by Joseph Karl Stieler [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons, Young Asian boy playing piano © iStock.com/Hung_Chung_Chih, Cel-
list and violinist © iStock.com/cyano66, Keyboard and musical notes © Dimales/Shutterstock.com; p.32 Celebrity talk show © iStock.com/simonkr; p.33 Ce-
lebrity emerging from limousine © iStock.com/Robert Daly, ID 58911286 © Arne9001 | Dreamstime.com, Private jet © iStock.com/RichLegg, ID 44240004
© Anna Om | Dreamstime.com. Self-Check A p.34 ID 62913178 © Freddy Cahyono | Dreamstime.com; p.35 ID 24327415 © Yobro10 | Dreamstime.com. Unit
3 p.36 Film reel © Yuriy Kirsanov/123rf.com, ID 43901708 © Truecapture | Dreamstime.com; p.37 Hong Kong tram by Marius Hoch (Own Work) [CC BY-SA
3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0)], from Wikimedia Commons, ID 20196396 © Nigel Spiers | Dreamstime.com, ID 37034495 © Joyfull
| Dreamstime.com, ID 22263813 © Owaisphotography | Dreamstime.com, ID 119614150 © Claudiodivizia | Dreamstime.com; p.38 National park background
© Galyna Andrushko/Shutterstock.com, ID 107599067 © Odua | Dreamstime.com, Coral reef © iStock.com/TheWebCo, Hull wigman by Nomadtales [GFDL
(http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html), CC-BY-SA-3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/) or CC BY 2.1 au (https://creativecommons.
org/licenses/by/2.1/au/deed.en)], via Wikimedia Commons, Kayaking © iStock.com/Vitalalp, Tha Prom Temple Photo by CEphoto, Uwe Aranas (Own
Work) / CC-BY-SA-3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.en), via Wikimedia Commons, Orang Utan by Lionel Leo (Lionel Leo) [CC
BY-SA 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0) or GFDL (http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html)], via Wikimedia Commons; p.40 Istanbul ©
iStock.com/Seqoya; p.41 Collision road sign by Government of Slovenia (Highway Code) [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons, Floodway road sign by
Standards Australia (Standards Australia) [CC BY 3.0 au (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/au/deed.en) or Public domain], via Wikimedia Com-
mons, Diversion road sign by Fry1989 (Brunei Darussalam Road Safety Council) [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons, Construction road sign by F l a n k
e r [CC BY-SA 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0)], via Wikimedia Commons, Jam road sign by M Stankie [Public Domain], via Wikimedia
Commons, ID 103029609 © Shahid Khan | Dreamstime.com; p.43 Asian male pilot © Blend Images/123rf.com, ID 94585458 © Lochpalm | Dreamstime.
com, ID 91916513 © Plej92 | Dreamstime.com; p.44 ID 38810238 © Cowardlion | Dreamstime.com; p.45 ID 94993494 © Imelda Litania | Dreamstime.com,
ID 48478011 © Danielal | Dreamstime.com. Unit 4 p.46 Headphones © ProstoSvet/Shutterstock.com, ID 14523656 © Okea | Dreamstime.com; p.47 Lassi
seller © Aliaksandr Mazurkevich/123rf.com, Kebabs © Alexander Raths/123rf.com, ID 109904611 © Karick | Dreamstime.com, Burger © Andrey Armya-
gov/123rf.com, Types of rice grains © Krzysztof Slusarczyk/123rf.com; p.48 Blue background © phochi/Shutterstock, Young woman doing yoga © Prasit
Rodphan/123rf.com; p.49 ID 34586923 © Woraphon Banchobdi | Dreamstime.com; p.52 ID 17594342 © Sippakorn Yamkasikorn | Dreamstime.com; p.53
Bored boy with laptop © Danilo Jr. Pinzon/123rf.com; p.54 ID 97043921 © Vyacheslav Kharkin | Dreamstime.com, ID 80144655 © Chakrapong Worathat |
Dreamstime.com; p.55 ID 15892269 © Kadokarci | Dreamstime.com. Self-Check B p.56 ID 16271656 © Ljupco | Dreamstime.com, Hiking © thamkc/123rf.
com, ID 87430351 © Wavebreakmedia Ltd | Dreamstime.com, Boy holding badminton racket © wckiw/123rf.com, ID 90007778 © Ekaterina Molchanova
| Dreamstime.com. Unit 5 p.58 Film reel © Yuriy Kirsanov/123rf.com, Bluefin tuna © Antonio Balaguer Soler, Weta © Rudmer Zwerver/123rf.com; p.59 ID
64052974 © Walter Arce | Dreamstime.com, ID 39488731 © Feathercollector | Dreamstime.com, Spider © peterwaters/123rf.com; p.60 Man with dolphin ©
Dzmitry Kliapitski/123rf.com, Old man with rabbit © iStock.com/Fred Froese, ID 97483207 © Olena Yakobchuk | Dreamstime.com, ID 32592098 © Eugenio
Marongiu | Dreamstime.com; p.62 Goldfish © Satit Srihin/123rf.com; p.63 Bee © Apinan Tangsriwong/123rf.com, Bird © prensis/123rf.com, Cat © pren-
sis/123rf.com, Chicken © Ivan Spirko/123rf.com, Cows © Sara Winter/123rf.com, ID 45407554 © Hotshotsworldwide | Dreamstime.com, ID 15640157 ©
Anastasia Shapochkina | Dreamstime.com, Mouse © Rudmer Zwerver/123rf.com,
143
(E)EngAhead_SB2_Ack_Int.indd 143 10/12/18 2:43 PM

SB2 - PAK - p2
ID 4888581 © Rui Matos | Dreamstime.com, ID 98463238 © Raúl Rodríguez Arias |Dreamstime.com; p.64 Girl holding kitten © Ronnachai Palas/123rf.
com; p.65 Goat © swisska/123rf.com, ID 100433531 © Patamaporn Jansuebsri | Dreamstime.com, ID 6992213 © Pac | Dreamstime.com, ID 90440715 ©
Montserrat Sabat Borras | Dreamstime.com; p.66 Parrot © Marcel Derweduwen/123rf.com, Girl kissing cat © Anurak Ponapatimet/123rf.com. Unit 6 p.68
Headphones © ProstoSvet/Shutterstock.com, ID 42877309 © Ixuskmitl |Dreamstime.com, ID 23971769 © Piero Cruciatti | Dreamstime.com, ID 98287478
© Wernerimages | Dreamstime.com, New Year’s Eve Time Square © iStock.com/ChristopheLedent; p.70 Notting Hill Carnival dancer © kipgodi/123rf.com,
Cherry Blossom festival © Sean Pavone/123rf.com; p.71 Harbin Ice Festival © Chitsanupong Chuenthananont/123rf.com, Pizza chefs © enzodeber/123rf.
com; p.72 ID 42632093 © Superjolly | Dreamstime.com; p.73 ID 29263848 © Tamara Lee Harding | Dreamstime.com, ID 92262647 © Imagecom | Dream-
stime.com; p.74 ID 110695458 © Alkan2011 | Dreamstime.com; p.75 Viking longship burning © iStock.com/HelenL100, Vikings © iStock.com/Andrew
J Shearer; p.76 ID 62334596 © Suryo | Dreamstime.com; p.77 ID 75558741 © Miko Bagus | Dreamstime.com. Self-Check C p.79 Salmon © Amka Artist/
Shutterstock.com, ID 14583503 © Jarenwicklund | Dreamstime.com. Unit 7 p.80 Film reel © Yuriy Kirsanov/123rf.com; p.81 ID 91326494 © Tomas Griger |
Dreamstime.com, Typhoon © iStock.com/© Placebo365, ID 18670084 © Zoran Mijatov | Dreamstime.com, Tornado © Fernando Gregory Milan/123rf.com,
Thunderstorm and lightning © Anna Om/123rf.com, Withered tree in desert landscape © dracozlat/123rf.com, ID 83337506 © Marc Bruxelle | Dreamstime.
com; p.84 ID 115361148 © Rawpixelimages |Dreamstime.com; p.85 Globe and sun icon © Pixel Embargo/Shutterstock.com, Palm trees in the wind © Jim-
my Lopes/123rf.com, Summer storm © iStock.com/Visual Communications, ID 6211175 © Traffictax | Dreamstime.com, ID 6830707 © Radli | Dreamstime.
com; p.87 Skier © Sergey Novikov/123rf.com, ID 103008982 © Djedzura | Dreamstime.com, Chalet and ski slopes © Janos Gaspar/123rf.com, Weather icons
© Martina Vaculikova/123rf.com; p.88 Reporter interviewing flood victim © 2p2play/Shutterstock.com. Unit 8 p.90 Headphones © ProstoSvet/Shutterstock.
com, Soft chiffon background © Sofiaworld/Shutterstock.com; p.91 Woman carrying shopping bags © iStock.com/© People Images, Raccoon T-shirt ©
leedsn/123rf.com, Woman in floral dress, © Svyatoslava Vladzimirska/123rf.com, Man in traditional wear © Awais Khan/123rf.com, Women’s blue shirt ©
progressman/123rf.com, ID 36577979 © Manav Lohia | Dreamstime.com, Woman in sweater © iStock.com/Sanne Berg, Jeans © heinteh/123rf.com; p.92
Blue silk background © Takashi Honma/123rf.com, Woman in kimono holding umbrella © PaylessImages/123rf.com, Chinese woman in qipao © iStock.
com/zenstock, Man in sarong © 123RF Limited/123rf.com, Woman in ao dai © I AM NIKOM/Shutterstock.com; p.95 Asian man in suit © Wang Tom/123rf.
com, Woman in blue dress © Petrochenko Vadym/123rf.com , ID 53974048 © Woraphon Banchobdi | Dreamstime.com, Young woman in sunglasses and
jacket © lithian/123rf.com, Asian woman standing © Audtakorn Sutarmjam/123rf.com, Asian man in T-shirt © Dmitry Chapurin/123rf.com, Woman in dress
sitting down © Dmitry Chapurin/123rf.com; p.96 Messy wardrobe © iStock.com/Christin Lola; p.97 Man in blue suit © Viorel Sima/123rf.com, Breakdancers
posing © Scott Griessel/123rf.com, Diverse group of friends sitting © rawpixel/123rf.com; p.98 Woman in jeans © Nonwarit Pruetisirirot/123rf.com, Wom-
an in fur coat © Viorel Sima/123rf.com, ID 50752137 © Anatmari | Dreamstime.com; p.99 Fashion illustration of woman in coat © Millena/Shutterstock.
com, Cheerful girls © Iulia Iun/123rf.com. Self-Check D p.100 ID 12519342 © Darryn Schneider | Dreamstime.com. Unit 9 p.102 Film reel © Yuriy Kirsa-
nov/123rf.com, ID 56975905 © Mitchell Gunn |Dreamstime.com; p.103 ID 27526030 © Featureflash | Dreamstime.com, Dwayne Johnson © buzzfuss/123rf.
com, Chloe Grace Moretz by Georges Biard (Own Work) [CC BY-SA 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0)], from Wikimedia Commons,
Peter Dinklage by Peter_Dinklage_@_69th_Annual_Golden_Globes_Awards.jpg: jdeeringdavisderivative work: Mazel (cropped), RanZag (improved) [CC
BY 2.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0)], via Wikimedia Commons; p.104 Brick wall background © weedezign/Shutterstock.com, Sherlock
Holmes museum © Chon Kit Leong/123rf.com, Sherlock Holmes stamp © gors4730/123rf.com, Detective tools concept © Alexei Novikov/123rf.com; p.106
ID 40513878 © Tom Wang | Dreamstime.com; p.107 Group of diverse teenagers © iStock.com/Rawpixel, Brothers fighting © Glenda Powers/123rf.com,
Father and daughter © Wang Tom/123rf.com, Collage of teenage girl with different emotions © Patrick Foto/Shutterstock.com; p.109 Superhero and ninja
battle © David Grigg/123rf.com; p.110 ID 56356315 © Hai Huy Ton That | Dreamstime.com; p.111 Family watching movie © Hemant Mehta/123rf.com.
Unit 10 p.112 Headphones © ProstoSvet/Shutterstock.com, Hanging solar system © Red monkey/Shutterstock.com, ID 53972685 © Ttatty | Dreamstime.
com; p.114 Outer space background © NikoNomad/Shutterstock.com, ID 91215626 © Konstantin Shaklein | Dreamstime.com, ID 100801841 © Sdecoret -
Dreamstime.com; p.115 ID 30202458 © 1971yes | Dreamstime.com; p.116 Hand holding smartphone © Igor Kardasov/123rf.com; p.117 Galileo Galilei by
Giuseppe Bertini [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons; p.119 Notebook © Alexxndr/Shutterstock.com, ID 24318025 © Solarseven | Dreamstime.com;
p.120 ID 107547732 © Unlim3d | Dreamstime.com, Outer space background © NikoNomad/Shutterstock.com. Self-Check E p.122 ID 83022434 © Allexxan-
dar | Dreamstime.com; p.123 ID 22812450 © Wangkun Jia | Dreamstime.com. Extended Reading p.135 Hans in Luck by Buchhändler [GFDL (http://www.
gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html) or CC BY-SA 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0)], from Wikimedia Commons; p.136 ID 65305113 © Pfluegler
| Dreamstime.com; p.138 Summer sunrise on river © Andrew Mayovskyy/123rf.com; p.139 Young Tom Sawyer painting © Irina Barilo/Shutterstock.com;
p.140 Fence background © Irina Barilo/Shutterstock.com, ID 3749041 © Stepanov | Dreamstime.com; p.141 Paint bucket © sma1050/Shutterstock.com;
p.142 Tom Sawyer’s Fence © Nagel Photography/Shutterstock.com.
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copyright holders/owners involved.
144
(E)EngAhead_SB2_Ack_Int.indd 144 10/12/18 2:43 PM

ENGLISH
ENGLISH International Lower Secondary has been carefully
crafted to challenge second language English learners. With integrated
video, audio and authentic texts, the series exposes students to a range
of communication techniques and encourages them to reason and think
critically.
With structured guidance in reading, listening, speaking and writing, the

series builds language skills in a measured, holistic way and encourages
students to read and write with purpose.
The student-centred activities encourage collaboration as well as build

International

students’ knowledge of the world around them.
Lower Secondary
ENGLISH
ENGLISH
ENGLISH
STUDENT BOOK
ENGLISH ENGLISH ENGLISH
International International International

Lower Secondary
International Lower Secondary Workbook 2
Lower Secondary Lower Secondary
International Lower Secondary Teacher’s Guide 2

STUDENT BOOK WORKBOOK TEACHER’S GUIDE
Marcus C. Thompson
Chin Lie Peng
Marcus C. Thompson Chin Lie Peng
Marcus C. Thompson
About Marshall Cavendish Education
At Marshall Cavendish Education, we believe that high-quality educational content is vital for ensuring
effective teaching and learning. We strive to empower lives by transmitting knowledge, processes
and skills through providing unique educational solutions, and we have been doing so for more
than 60 years.
Our materials are research-based, and our authors are subject experts and experienced educators. Our
insistence on quality has enabled our materials to be approved by the Singapore Ministry of Education
since the 1980s. Over the years, our materials have also gained international recognition and are now
used in over 70 countries.
Headquartered in Singapore, we have offices in Thailand, Hong Kong, China, Chile, the United Kingdom
and the United States.
For more information, visit www.mceducation.com.

ISBN 978-981-48-2392-0
9 7 89 8 1 4 82 3 9 20
Marcus C. Thompson

English Ahead 2 SB

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English Ahead 2 SB

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ENGLISH

ENGLISH International Lower Secondary has been carefully

The student-centred activities encourage collaboration as well as build

International Lower Secondary Student Book 2

Lower Secondary Lower Secondary

International Lower Secondary Teacher’s Guide 2

Chin Lie Peng

Marcus C. Thompson Chin Lie Peng

For more information, visit www.mceducation.com.

(E)EngAhead_INT_SB2_Cvr.indd 2-4 6/12/18 6:28 PM

Published by Marshall Cavendish Education

First published 2019

All rights reserved.

No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system

Marshall Cavendish is a registered trademark of Times Publishing Limited.

(E)EngAhead_INT_SB2_Cvr.indd 5-7 6/12/18 6:28 PM

(E)EngAhead_INT_SB2_TP.indd 1 7/12/18 2:22 PM

Student Book sample pages:

A: 1 (you have) a best friend, Ali?

knowledge of English grammar.

Active & passive verb forms

HOME ABOUT NEWS SMARTPHONE APPS SOCIAL CONTACT

3 Complete the sentences with the passive form.

Speaking activities 1 Vocabulary 1 Describing a good friend

page introduce key

vocabulary and Carl

theme of the unit

critically and bring

range of text types

their prior knowledge

and opinions about

the theme, to the

(E)ESL_SB2_WalkThrough.indd 2 6/12/18 1:55 PM

Reading Traditional clothes Learning skills

Language focus 1 Modals of possibility Language focus 2 must and should

Affirmative Negative must We use must/mustn’t to give very strong advice,

tables for ease of

I might go shopping for a new phone over the weekend.

(E)EngAhead_INT_SB2_WalkThrough.indd 3 19/12/18 3:53 PM

1 Read the descriptions. Discuss the questions.

The topic of the audio

Choose the correct answers.

inferring and critical

Writing Life as a pop star

a guide for their own

are provided to help

Receiving a compliment That’s kind of you to say.

• Thank you. / Thanks very much.

Useful phrases from the

(E)ESL_SB2_WalkThrough.indd 4 6/12/18 1:56 PM

A self-check section for

Cycling Around the World in 79 Days

each unit allows students

to further revise what they

have learnt, monitor their

1 a along b around c through d towards

own progress and identify Healthy

areas of difficulty that

need further study.

Many people find it difficult to find the time to keep

Finished? Unit 2 Finished?

These exercises further

challenge and stretch

students once they have