1 Find all angles of measu re a such
that L A, L A 's complement, and
4 gives
Reversing the digits in John's age
his father's age. The difference
5 and
A diagonal of a rectangle is JI3m
in their ages is twenty-seven years. If Lhe
sum of the digits in each age is 5, how
old are they'?
8 The mean of Lhree test grades is 74.
What must a fourth grade be to
increase the mean to 78?
12 Zulban Fweb's house is on a lot
that is a rectangle, 154 zulbs by
74 zulbs (a zulb is a Zulbanian linear
measure). What is the area of Fweb's lot
(see problem 11)?
2 !!.! is a randomly placed point on Represent the number 43 using
AB with midpoint C what is the seven 7s and any operations.
L A's supplement form a triangle. probability that AX, XB, and AC can be
moved to form a triangle'?
the area of the rectangle is
6 A store clerk has three quarters,
seven dimes, four nickels, and
7 Ato triangle is traced from (x, y)
(2x, y) to (2x, - y) and back to
6 m!. What are the dimensions of the seventeen pennies. Three customers are (x, y). What is its area (x =I= 0, y =I= 0)?
rectangle? in line, each with a one-dollar bill. If
their purchases in order are S0.2-8, SO. l6,
and $0.68, how can the clerk make
change for all three?
9 clock
One clock stops at 12:00. A second
begins at that time to lose five
1 0 What is the least number of coins 11 The Zulbanian culture uses base-
necessary to make any amount b numerals. Zulban Fweb makes
minutes per hour. Which clock will be from $0.01 to $0.99? a purchase of 526 Zulbanian dollars,
the first to have the correct time again, gives the clerk 700 Zulbanian dollars,
and when will that be? and receives 152 Zulbanian dollars in
change. What is base b?
13 ZuJban Fweb's daughter Fwebette 14 1\vo pumps can fill a pool in five
wants her allowance increased and six hours, respectively. At 15 In miles, what is 20 000 leagues
under the sea?
from 17 Zulbanian dollars per week to 10:00 A.M. the slower one is turned on,
31 Zulbanian dollars. What is the and at 11:00 A.M. the other is started. At
percentage of increase (see problem 11)? what time is the pool full?
 The product of two consecutive
odd positive integers added to
their sum is ll9. What are these two
integers?
20 The ratio of two integers is 5:2.
If 10 is added to each integer,
the ratio is 5:3. What are the two original
integers?
24 How many integers n in the
interval 1 ~ n ~ I 000 000 are
such that the equation
n = X11
has some solution in integers x andy
with x =I= n?
28 In a plane, two segments drawn
tangent to a circle from the
same outside point intersect the circle at
the endpoints of a chord of length 2x.
The distance from this chord to the
center of the circle is y. In terms of x and
y, find the length of one of the tangent
segments.
Five thousand furlongs per
fortnight is how many miles per
hour?
21 Four numbers have a mean of
27. If 7 is subtracted from each
original value, what is the mean of the
four new values?
25 Find all real numbers x > 0
that satisfy
3 sin x = 3x2 + 2x + 3.
2 9 Find all values of x that satisfy 30
6 three contain the same line. Find the
~
\ 'x - 8- 9
+ \ /x - 8- 4
7 12
+ J-x-8+4 + Jx-8 +9 =0.
If 5 is added to the numerator of
a certain fraction and 2 is added
19 aAcircle
square is circumscribed about
of radius r. What is the
to the denominator, the value of the area of the square?
fraction is tripled. What is the original
fraction ?
22 The price of a particular dress
is such that the profit is 20
23 A particular bike wheel makes
1056 revolutions in one mile.
percent of the price. Increasing the price What is the radius of the wheel in feet?
by $20 results in a profit of one-third of
the price. What was the original price of
the dress?
26 Determine the maximum 27 Find the ordered triple of
number of 3 X 5 rectangular nonzero digits (A, B, C) for
pieces of paper that can be cut from a which (MY = BBCC, where M and
17 X 22 rectangular piece of paper. BBCC are, respectively, two-digit and
four-digit base-ten numerals.
Four distinct planes pass
through a common point, but no
number of disjoint regions into which
three-dimensional space is partitioned
by these four planes.
 ANSWERS TO CALENDAR

This month's problems 1- 23 were provided by Geo~ge Bratton, Aus-

tin Peay State University, P.O. Box 4626, Clarksvtlle, TN 37044.
Problems 24-30 were selected from NYSML-ARML Contests 1973-
1985, edited by Harry D. Ruderman and published in 1987 by Mu
Alpha Theta, 601 Elm Avenue, Room 423, Norman, OK 73019.

r:f\ There are none. If a is the

\.!.../ meas ure of angle A , a +
(90 - a ) + (180 - a ) = 180 im-
® 3 and 2. If l and w are the
dimensions, lw = 6 and
l 2 + w 2 = 13. By substitution and
36
t= -
11
plies that a = 90. simplification we have w 4 - t (t - 1)
13w2 + 36 = 0, whose positive - + --= 1
6 5
® 1/2. The s um of the length
of any two sides must ex-
roots are 2, 3.
36/11 h = 3h, 43 min, 38.1 s.
ceed the length of the third: AX +
XB > AC, AX + AC > XB, AC +
XB > AX. AX and AC do not ex-
® She can't. Her change totals
$1.82 and the necessary
change is $1.88.
Therefore, the time at which the
pool is full is 1:43:38.1 P.M.

ceed X B when X lies between A

a nd the midpoint of AC. Likewise,
AC and XB do not exceed AX
when X lies between the midpoint
of CB and B . Since X is randomly
placed, each of these events has
probability 114.
~ Some of the many possible
\.:::.J solutions are the following:
7 x (7 - ~) + 7 7 - 7
r=i\ ~lxl · 21yl = lxy l. The base is @ 60is three
000 miles, since a league
statute miles
\.!../ length lxl and the altitude is
21yl.
@ X9 +and2 11. + 2) +
x(x x +
® 90. If three tests have mean
74, their sum is 3 · 74 =
222. Likewise, four tests have sum
= 119.
~ A furlong is one-eighth
4 · 78 = 312. Hence, 222 + x = ~ mile, and a fortnight is four-
312.
teen days and nights. Thus 5000
furlongs = 625 miles and 1 fort-
® The stopped clock will be
correct 12 hours later, at
midnight. The other clock must
night = 336 hours. 625/336 = 1.86
miles per hour (approximately).

7 lose 12 hours to be correct, which

7 + (7 X 7) - 7 + -
7
- 7 will require 144 hours elapsed
time.
@ 1/2. The simplified original
condition is 5 = 2n(l + 3/d).
The positive integral solutions are
(7 + 7 + 7)(7 + 7) + 7
7
@ Ten coins: four pennies, two
nickels, one dime, and three
n = 1 and d = 2.

quarters.
rA\ J ohn's age is fourteen. His
@ 8. 700eight - 526eight @ side 2•
4r The measure of the
of the square equals the
\:!.J father's age is forty-one. If u = 152eight· diameter of the circle (2r).
is the uni ts digit in J ohn's age and
t is the tens digit,
520 square zu~s.
(l Ou + t) - (101 + u ) = 27, @ 14154eight x 74eight -
@ 20 and 8. If Sx and 2x rep-
~ resent the original integers,
9u - 9t = 27, 14 520eight· then
u - I = 3, 5x + 10 = 5
u + t = 5, @ 31eighl - 17 eight= 12eight
2x + 10 = 3'
2u = 8, 17 e1ght 17 eight
II = 4, The increase is 66 2/3 percent, or and x = 4.
52 5/8 percent in a Zulban decimal
t = 1. (Continued on page 625)
sys tem.

T he E ditorial Panel of the Mathematics Teacher is now considering sets of problems submitted by individu-
als. classes of prospective teachers, and mathematics clubs for publication in the calendar during the 1991-92
academic year. P lease write to the editorial coordinator, 1906 A ssociation Drive, R eston, VA 22091, for
guidelines.
Two other sources of problems in calendar form are available from NCTM: "Calendars for the Calculating" (a
set of nine monthly calendars that originally appeared from September 1983 to May 1984; order number 344,
$5.75) and "A Year of Mathematics" (one annual calendar that originally appeared in S eptember 1982; order
number 311 . $2.50; set of five, order number 312, $5.00). Individual members receive a 20 percent d iscount off
these prices.

628 - - -- - - - - -- - - -- - - -- -- - -- - - -- - - - - Mathematics Teacher

 ANSWERS TO CALENDAR-Continued from page 628
(t)":t\ 20. Subtracting 7 from each achieved in several ways, the an-
'E..!/ reduces the average by 7. (AH)(AO)
swer is 24 (see diagram).
PA = HO
~ $100. If cis the cost of the
'E5J dress and p is the profit, p = ' xy0+7
0.2c and p + 20 = (c + 20)/3. By
y
substituting, we get the desired
result.
ft5"a\ Let y = v;-=g (noting that
~ ~0.8 feet. 5280 feet/mile -:- 't::J y is positive). Then
~ 1056 revolutions/mile =
5 feet/revolution. Thus the wheel
has a circumference of 5 feet and a
(y - 3)c2~ 8 + y2 ~ 16) = 0.
radius of 5/27T feet. Ify = 3, then x = 17. Ify f 3,
then 18(y 2 - 16) + 8(y 2 - 81) = 0.
(,)A\ Let N(xY ) represent the
167\ The most direct approach is The only positive solution of this
'C:JI number of integers x Y that 'tJ to calculate the2appropriate equation is y = 6, from which we
are perfect yth powers (y f 1) and 2 2
that satisfy four-digit squares: 33 , 44 , 55 , get x = 44.
66 2 , 77 2 , 88 2 , and 99 2 . Of these,
1 < x Y :$ 10 6• 88 2 = 7744, so (A, B, C) = (8, 7, f-lffi By change of variable, the
4). A longer approach that does ~ four planes can be taken to
By the inclusion-exclusion princi- not use trial and error can also be be x = 0, y
= 0, z = 0, and x +
ple, N (xY) = N(x 2 ) + N(x 3 ) + taken. y +z 0. Then the alternatives
=
N(x 5 ) + N(x 1 ) + N (x 11 ) + N (x 13) are as follows:
+ N(x 11 ) + N(x 19 ) - N(x 6 ) - t6Q\ See accompanying figure. y z x +y +z
N(x 10
) - N(x 14 ) - N(x 15 ) = 999 + V Let the center of the circle
X

99 + 14 + 6 + 2 + 1 + 1 + 1 - 9 be 0. Since triangles PAO and >0 >0 >0 >0

- 2 - 1 - 1 - 1 = 1110. For 1 :$ AHO are similar, PA!AO = (Possible)
xY :$ 10 6 , the answer is 1111. AHIHO ands >0 >0 >0 <0
(Impossible)
/5R. Since 3x 2
+ 2x + 3 = 3(x +
't:;J 1/3) 2 + 8/3 > 3, the number <0 <0 <0 >0
of intersection points on the (Impossible)
graphs of the two functions is 0 <0 <0 <0
and no solutions exist. p <0
(Possible)

~ It is clear that the maxi-

't:::::}J mum number is less than or There are 2 4 - 2 = 14 regions.
equal to 24. Since 24 can be (Solution by A. Schwartz)

mathelnatics Excellent guide for teachers and students. Just about

everything you need to know about mathematics
projects will be in this handbook. Use it for choosing and
projects developing mathematics projects, from simple
demonstrations of problems or principles to complex,
handbook sophisticated exhibits intended for entrance in fairs and
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(3d ed.) fractals; updated references; and reproducible student
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by adrien hess 55pp., #91, $5.00.
glenn ellinger National Council of Teachers of Mathematics
1906 Association Drive, Reston, VA 22091
and lyle andersen
See the NCTM Materials Order Form in this issue.

November1989 --------------------------------------------------------------- 625