25/12/13 Patente US2495456 - Purification of manganese solutions - Google Patentes

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Purification of manganese solutions Número de publicación US2495456 A

US 2495456 A Tipo de publicación Concesión
Fecha de publicación 24 Ene 1950
Fecha de presentación 13 Nov 1944
IMÁGENES (2)
Fecha de prioridad 13 Nov 1944
Inventores James H Jacobs
Cesionario original Crimora Res And Dev Corp
Exportar cita BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
Citas de patentes (9), Citada por (1), Clasificaciones (9)

Enlaces externos: USPTO, Cesión de USPTO, Espacenet

DESCRIPCIÓN (El texto procesado por OCR puede contener errores)

Patented Jan. 24, 1950 UNITED 3 STAT ES PATENT" OFFICE BURIFICATIOM F 7 ESE SOLUTIONS. James H. Jacobs,
Boulder City, New, assignor, by'

mcsne' assignments, to Crimora Research and Devel'opmentGorporation, Crimora, Va., :1 cor poration-of V-irginia
NolDrawing,

This invention relates; generally; to the-purification of" manganese' solutions and it has par ticular relationto removing
impurities theref'romqpreparatoryto electrolysis" for increasingthe efficiency and yieldi.

It is wellknown that such solutions can be purified by treating them" with sulfide ion in the form oihydrogen sulfide; ammonium
sulfide; or other-solublesulfide; The sulfide ion causes the precipitation of impurities such. asfnick'el, cobalt, and copper. The
precipitated sulfides of these impurities are removed from the solution by filtration.

It has been suggested (Ambrose Patent No. 2,847,451). thatv more complete: precipitation of these undesired metals with
less loss of man ganese canbe obtainedby adding finely divided material, such as infusorial'earth, silica gel, activated.
charcoal, etc., and allowing the solution to stand for anappreciable length of time; In other words; a batchprocess is used. I
For" the finely dividedmater-ial; it -has also been suggested (Wanamaker and Morgan Patent No. 2,325,723) that sludge from
a=-previousprecipitationmay be employed.-

The time required to'- effect the precipitation or the-sulfides, as-above-described; is somewhat critical. If too littlewtime'is
allowed, there is incomplete precipitation of the undesired metals and there is substantial loss of manganese; too" much time
is allowed; there-isre-solution of the sulfide precipitation, particularly copper sulfide. While the finely divided material, referred
to hereinbefore; makes the time'lesscriticalj it increases the amount of sulfide consumed in the process probably because of
adsorption of the precipitating sulfide by the finely divided material. Accordingly, one object of this invention is to improve
upon the Prior art processes of purifying manganese solutions preparatory to electrolyzing them.

A further object of the invention is to provide for continuously purifying the manganese solution preparatory to electrolyzing it,
thereby avoiding the loss of time "1nd the varying results of the batch method.

Another important object of the invention is to continuously introduce a precipitating sulfide into the manganese solution in
the absence of air, while the solution is being agitated or stirred.

Other objects of theinvention will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

For a more complete understanding of the.

nature and scope of the invention, reference can the hydrogen sulfide in it.

Application November 13,1944} SLeriaII No. 5635324:

col ims. (01. 2045105,

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25/12/13 Patente US2495456 - Purification of manganese solutions - Google Patentes
2 be had to the following description and to the appended claims.

In accordance with the invention, a precipitating sulfide; such ashydrogen sulfide, ammoniumsulfide, andbarium sulfide, is,
added-'to-thei manganese solution, 'which is maintained under pressure and while it is being stirred. 'At'the pH-' of
precipitation, usually 5L0" to 7.5, the sulfide ion concentration, at equilibrium, will be deter-- mined by thepressure of the
hydrogen sulfide" overthesolution; Therefore, the sulfide-ion can lie-added as agas or as a sulfidewhich will react" with" the
hydrogen ion of the solution to form hydrogen sulfide. It is" important to note'thatian increased-concentration of sulfide ion at
agiven pH isbrought about by' carrying: out I the precipi ,tation under a slight pressureof'hyd'rogen sulfide' and while-the-
solution is being stirred under this pressure.

It is highly-desirable that'air should be absent? from the atmosphere above" the solution because the concentration of the
sulfide ion inthe" s0lution is determined, no't'by-the'total pressure of such atmosphere, but by the partial pressure of
Furthermore; if air is stirredinto' the solution, it oxidizes the precipitate andi'nferiorresults are obtained.

When the precipitationis efiected; as just de scribed, there is no necessity for aging the solu tion, as in the batch'method
heretofore used; or tor adding any finelydivided material.

--"A decrease" in manganeseloss can be-obtain'ed by addingthe previous precipitate at the time of the precipitation and
stirring: However, this is not important; sincetheprecipitatesobtained by the use of the invention, contain an inconsequential
amount of manganese.

A typical analysis of the manganese solution before and after sulfide purification, using hydrogen sulfide, as herein specified,
is as follows:

Mn (NHQZSOI Fe Cu Ni Pb a./l. g./l. g./l. gJZ. g./Z. gJl. Before sulfiding. 34.5 136.5 .003 .177 .0014 .00125 Aiter sulfiding...
34.2 136.5 .002 .0002 .001 .0005

pressure broken up and mixed with the solution.

By way of example, hydrogen sulfide can be continuously introduced into the solution line or conduit, leading from the
storage tank containing the manganese solution to be purified, to a suitable enclosed mixer. The pressure of the gas is then
determined by the head in the receiving tank into which the mixer discharges. This may be the equivalent of from one to ten
feet of water. The discharge from the mixer contains the precipitated particles of the black sulfides of copper, nickel, lead,
and cobalt. They are separated out of the solution by a suitable filter press, thereby leaving the manganese solution
substantially free from impurities and ready for electrolysis.

By way of another example, the solution containing manganese sulfate, ammonium sulfatev and the heavy metal impurities,
is passed through a tank which is closed to the atmosphere.

mately four feet below the solution level. The bubbles of the gas are broken up and intimately mixed with the solution at or
slightly above the point of introduction. The sulfides of the undesired metals are rapidly precipitated and are separated out
when the solution passes through a filter press connected to the tank. From the foregoing description, it will be seen that the
improved method greatly reduces the tieup of purification equipment required for batch treatment, as heretofore practiced. It
also provides a continuous supply of electrolyte to a cell, which may be of the single compartment type, and makes it
possible to employ a re-circulating circuit for the spent electrolyte, including con tinuous leaching and purification equipment,
whereby the pH range is maintained. Continuous leaching equipment of the type wherein reduced ore is supplied and residue
is discharged, is well known. Thus, the invention provides a continuousmethod which permits the effective use of a simple
single compartment cell.

Since certain further changes can be made in the method and different steps can be followed withoutdeparting from the spirit
and scope of this invention, it will be understood that all matter set forth in the foregoing description shall be interpreted as
illustrative and not in a limiting sense. Y

What is claimed as new is: I

1. That method of purifying a solution of manganese and ammonium salts containing traces of nickel, copper and cobalt,
preparatory to electrolysis, which is characterized by continuously delivering the solution at a pH of from about 5 to Hydrogen
sulfide gas maybe introduced approxi- 7.5 to a closed container in the absence of air; in-

troducing sulfide ion into the solution under pressure and in an amount suificient to precipitate not more than about one
percent of the manga- 5 nese present in the solution and suflicient to convert the nickel, copper and cobalt into their sulfides;
subjecting the solution to stirring action to hasten the precipitation; and continuously withdrawing and simultaneously filtering
the solution to remove the precipitate.

2. The method, as set forth in claim 1, wherein the sulfide ion is introduced into and mixed with the solution before it enters
the container.

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25/12/13 Patente US2495456 - Purification of manganese solutions - Google Patentes
3. The method, as set forth in claim 1, where- 15 in the pH of the solution is about 7.5, and wherein the sulfide ion is
hydrogen sulfide, and wherein the hydrogen sulfide is introduced into the container below the solution level at a pressure
equivalent to one foot to ten feet, water column.

4. That process of removing traces of nickel and cobalt from a manganese electrolyte consisting of manganese and
ammonium sulphates containing these impurities, which is characterized by delivering the solution at a pH of about 7.5 to a
closed container in the absence of air; introducing and intimately mixing sulfide ion with the solution in a small amount
sufiicient to precipitate substantially all of, the nickel and cobalt present in the form of a black sulfide and immediately
withdrawing and simultaneously filtering the purified solution.

JAMES H. JACOBS..

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in th file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 0 1,047,825 McKetchnie Dec. 17, 1912 1,793,906 Christensen Feb. 24,
1931 2,020,325 Myren et al Nov. 12, 1935 2,325,723 Wanamaker Aug. 3, 1943 2,343,293 Hannay et al Mar. 7, 1944
2,347,451 Ambrose Apr. 25, 1944 2,376,433 Julien et al May 22, 1945 2,392,385 Hunter Jan. 8, 1946 FOREIGN PATENTS
Number Country Date 511,877 Great Britain Aug. 25, 1939 OTHER REFERENCES Steel, vol. 105, pp. 42-45, Oct. 30, 1939.

CITAS DE PATENTES

Patente citada Fecha de presentación Fecha de publicación Solicitante Título

US1047825 * 15 Abr 1912 17 Dic 1912 Alexander Mckechnie Method or process of treating nickel-copper mattes.
Process of precipitating metals from solutions as
US1793906 * 3 May 1926 24 Feb 1931 Christensen Niels C
sulphides
US2020325 * 15 Dic 1933 12 Nov 1935 New Jersey Zinc Co Method of producing precipitates
Electro Manganese
US2325723 * 27 Feb 1942 3 Ago 1943 Purification in electrowinning of manganese
Corp
Cons Mining & Process for the purification of manganous sulphate
US2343293 * 28 Feb 1942 7 Mar 1944
Smelting Co solutions
US2347451 * 31 May 1939 25 Abr 1944 Chicago Dev Co Electrolytic deposition of manganese
US2376433 * 17 Feb 1944 22 May 1945 Solvay Process Co Manufacture of sodium hydrosulphides
US2392385 * 1 Dic 1942 8 Ene 1946 Hunter John W Purification of manganese electrolytes
GB511877A * Título no disponible
* Citada por examinador

CITADA POR

Patente citante Fecha de presentación Fecha de publicación Solicitante Título

The United States Of America As Represented Recovery of metal values
US4231993 * 11 Jun 1979 4 Nov 1980
By The Secretary Of The Interior from lead smelter matte
* Citada por examinador

CLASIFICACIONES

Clasificación de EE.UU. 205/573, 423/50

Clasificación internacional C01G45/00, C25C1/10
Clasificación cooperativa C25C1/10, C01P2006/80, C01G45/00
Clasificación europea C01G45/00, C25C1/10

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