Thư viện Đề thi - Trắc nghiệm - Tài liệu học tập miễn phí

PHRASES AND CLAUSES OF PURPOSE EXERCISES

1. He left home early _________ he could arrive at the station on time.

A. because of B. in order to C. although D. so that

2. He works hard_________ help his family.

A. so as that B. in order to C. in order that D. A and B are correct

3. She turned down the radio so that she wouldn’t disturb the neighbors.

A. She turned down the radio so as not to disturb the neighbors.

B. She turned down the radio in order not to disturb the neighbors.

C. She turned down the radio in order that she wouldn’t disturb the neighbors.

D. All are correct.

4. He gave me his address. He wanted me to visit him.

A. He gave me his address so as to visit him.

B. He gave me his address for me in order to visit him.

C. He gave me his address in order for me to visit him.

D. He gave me his address in order to for me visit him.

5. He studies hard. He doesn’t want to fail in the exam.

He studies hard _________fail in the exam.

A. not to B. so as not to C. in order to D. so that

6. Mary jogs everyday ________ lose weight.

A. so she can B. so that she can C. because she can D. so that to

7. You should look up the meaning of the new in the dictionary _______ misuse it

A. so as to B. to C. so as not to D. so that

8. He lighted the candle ________ he might read the note.

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A. so that B. and C. because D. as a result

9. He turned off the lights before going out _______ waste electricity.

A. so that not B. as not to C. in order that not D. so as not to

10. The school boys are in hurry ________ they will not be late for school.

A. so as to B. to C. in order that D. for

11. He hid that letter in a drawer _______ no one could read it.

A. so that B. because C. although D. than

12. The teacher was explaining the lesson slowly and clearly________.

A. to make his students to understand it

B. in order that his students can understand it

C. so as to that his students could understand it

D. so that his students could understand it

13. The boy always does his homework before class _______.

A. so as not to be punished by the teacher

B. so as to be punished by the teacher

C. so that not to be punished by the teacher

D. in order that not to be punished by the teacher

14. “I tried to study English well. I want to get a good job.” Means _________.

A. I tried to study English well so that I can get a good job

B. I tried to study English well in order that I can get a good job

C. I tried to study English well to get a good job

D. All are correct

15. “They whispered. They didn’t want anyone to hear them.” Means _______.
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A. They whispered in order to make anyone hear them

B. They whispered so that no one could hear them

C. They whispered to make everyone hear them

D. They whispered in order that make everyone hear them

16. “We preserve natural resources. We can use them in the future.” Means _____.

A. We preserve natural resources so that we can use them in the future

B. We preserve natural resources so as to we can use them in the future

C. We preserve natural resources for future use

D. A and C

17. The students study English ....................they can communicate with foreigners.

A. so that B. so / that C. in order to D. A & C

18. He left home early_________.

A. so that he could arrive at the station on time.

B. in order that he can arrive at the station on time.

C. so that he couldn’t arrive at the station on time.

D. A& C

19. The teacher explained the lesson again in order that_________.

A. all the students could understand the lesson.

B. all the students could drive to school.

C. all the students could pass the examination.

D. all the students could exchange the answers.

20. Peter studies hard _____pass the exam.

A. less B. so that C. to D. in order that

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21. A small fish needs camouflage to hide itself _______its enemies cannot find it.

A. so that B. because C. therefore D. due to

22. He felt ill, _______he went to bed early.

A. and B. But C.Or D. so

23. We decided to join the English speaking club ______ improve our English.

A. so that B. so to C. in order D. to

24. She worked hard ______ everything would be ready by 6 o’clock.

A. that B. for C. in order that D. so as to

25. He gave me his address __________me to visit.

A. so that B. in order for C. in order to D. in case

26. She got up early _________ miss the bus.

A. in order that B. so that C. not to D. for

27. Mr. Thompson is learning Vietnamese __________ to read Kim Van Kieu.

A. so that not B. so as to C. in order not to D. so as not to

28. They hurried _______ catch the train.

A. to not B. as not to C. in order that not D. To

29. We learn English _________ we will have better communication with other people.

A. so that B. in order for C. in order to D. in case

ĐÁP ÁN

1. D 2. B 3. D 4. C

5. B 6. B 7. C 8. A

9. D 10. C 11. A 12. D

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13. A 14. D 15. B 16. D

17. A 18. A 19. A 20. C

21. A 22. D 23. D 24. C

25. B 26. C 27. B 28. D

29. A

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ÔN TẬP NGỮ PHÁP TIẾNG ANH CƠ BẢN
RÚT GỌN MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ

A. Lý thuyết rút gọn mệnh đề quan hệ

Có 6 cách rút gọn câu dùng mệnh đề quan hệ trong tiếng Anh.

I. Rút gọn mệnh đề quan hệ bằng cách dùng participle phrases (V-ing phrase)

Nếu động từ trong mệnh đề quan hệ ở thể chủ động (active), ta dùng cụm hiện tại phân từ
(present participle phrase) thay cho mệnh đề đó. Thao tác: Bỏ đại từ quan hệ và trợ động từ, đưa
động từ chính về nguyên mẫu và thêm đuôi – ing.

Ex: The man who is standing there is my brother => The man standing there is my brother

Do you know the boy who broke the windows last night? => Do you know the boy breaking the
windows last night?

II. Rút gọn bằng cách dùng past participle phrase (V-ed phrase)

Nếu động từ trong mệnh đề quan hệ ở thể bị động (passive) ta dùng cụm quá khứ phân từ (past
participle phrase).

Ex: The books which were written by Nam Cao are interesting => The books written by Nam Cao
are interesting.

The students who were punished by teacher are lazy =>The students punished by teacher are lazy.

III. Rút gọn mệnh đề quan hệ bằng to infinitive

Dùng khi danh từ đứng trước có các chữ sau đây bổ nghĩa: the only, the first, the second,… the last,
so sánh nhất, mục đích.

Ex: Tom is the last person who enters the room = Tom is the last person to enter the room.

John is the youngest person who takes part in the race =>John is the youngest person to take part in
the race.
Động từ là HAVE/ HAD

Ex: I have much homework that I must do => I have many homework to do.

Đầu câu có HERE (BE), THERE (BE)

Ex: There are six letters which have to be written today => There are six letters to be written today.

IV. Rút gọn mệnh đề quan hệ dùng cụm danh từ (đồng cách danh từ)

Dùng khi mệnh đề quan hệ tình từ có dạng: S + BE + DANH TỪ /CỤM DANH TỪ/CỤM
GIỚI TỪ Cách làm: bỏ who ,which và be.

Ex: Football, which is a popular sport, is very good for health => Football, a popular sport, is very
good for health.

Do you like the book which is on the table? => Do you like the book on the table?

V. Mệnh đề rút gọn tính từ có dạng be và tính từ/cụm tính từ

Có 2 công thức rút gọn:

Công thức 1: Bỏ who, which…to be -> giữ nguyên tính từ phía sau.

Điều kiện 1: Nếu phía trước that là đại từ phiếm chỉ như something, anything, anybody…

Ex: There must be something that is wrong => There must be something wrong.

Điều kiện 2: Có dấu phẩy phía trước và phải có từ 2 tính từ trở lên.

Ex: My grandmother, who is old and sick, never goes out of the house => My grandmother, old and
sick, never goes out of the house.

Công thức 2: Những trường hợp còn lại ta đem tính từ lên trước danh từ.

Ex: My grandmother, who is sick, never goes out of the house => My sick grandmother never goes
out of the house.

I buy a hat which is very beautiful and fashionable => I buy a very beautiful and fashionable hat.
Tuy nhiên nếu cụm tính từ gồm cả danh từ ở trong nó thì ta chỉ còn cách dùng V-ing mà thôi.

Ex: I met a man who was very good at both English and French => I met a man being very good at
both English and French.

Tóm lại cách rút gọn loại này khá phức tạp vì nó tùy thuộc vào đến 3 yếu tố: có một hay nhiều tính
từ – danh từ đứng trước có phải là phiếm chỉ không có dấu phẩy hay không

VI. Mệnh đề tính từ thành tính từ ghép

Cách làm: Ta sẽ rút gọn mệnh đề thành một tính từ ghép bằng cách tìm trong mệnh đề một số đếm
và danh từ đi sau nó, sau đó ta để chúng kế nhau và thêm dấu gạch nối ở giữa. Đem tính từ ghép đó
ra trước danh từ đứng truớc who, which…- những phần còn lại bỏ hết.

Lưu ý:

+ Danh từ không được thêm “s”

+ Chỉ dùng được dạng này khi mệnh để tính từ có số đếm

+ Các cụm như tuổi thì sẽ viết lại cả 3 từ và gạch nối giữa chúng (two years old à two-year-old)

Ex: I have a car which has four seats => I have a four-seat car. I had a holiday which lasted two
days => I had a two-day holiday.

B. Bài tập Rút gọn mệnh đề quan hệ

Bài 1. REWRITE THE RELATIVE CLAUSES BY USING PHRASES

1. The man who’s talking to the policeman has just returned home from Paris.

2. The novel which was bought by my sister is very interesting.

3. The students who make noise in class will be punished.

4. Passengers who travelled on this bus bought their tickets in books.

5. Do you see the notice which warns people not to enter the military zone?
6. The stairs which lead to the cellar are rather slippery.

7. We had a river in which we could swim.

8. You are the last person who saw her alive.

9. The pilot was the only one who survived the air crash.

10. He was the second man who was killed in this way.

11. Neil Armstrong was the first man who walked on the moon.

12. Here are some accounts that you must check.

13. I’ve got a bottle of wine but I haven’t got anything that I could open it with.

14. I have some letters that I must write.

15. He simply loves parties. He is always the first who comes and the last who goes.

16. The Queen Elizabeth is the largest ship which has been built on the Clyde.

17. My grandmother, who is old and sick, never goes out of the house.

18. Kuala Lumpur, which is the capital city of Malaysia, is a major trade center in Southeast Asia.

19. Emma Thompson is the most famous actress who will appear on stage here.

20. We have some picture books that children can read.

21. I come from a city that is located in the southern part of the country.

Bài 2. Rút gọn mệnh đề quan hệ trong tiếng Anh

1.The man who is standing there is a clown.

2. The envelop which lies on the table has no stamp on it.

3. Benzene, which was discovered by Faraday, became the starting point in the manufacture of
many dyes, perfumes and explosives.
4. My grandmother, who is old and sick, never goes out of the house.

5. The student don't know how to do exercise which were given by the teacher yesterday.

6. The diagrams which were made by young Faraday were sent to Sir Humphry Davy at the end of
1812.

7. The gentleman who lives next door to me is a well-known orator.

8. All the astronauts who are orbiting the earth in space capsules are weightless.

9. All students don't hand in their papers will fail in the exam.

10. I saw many houses that were destroyed by the storm.

11. The street which leads to the school is very wide.

12. The system which is used here is very successful.

13. John, who teaches my son, is my neighbor.

14. Trains which leave from this station take an hour to get to London.

15. The candidates who are sitting for the exam are all from Vietnam.

16. We are driving on the road which was built in 1980.

17. Customers who complain about the service should see the manager.

18. The city which was destroyed during the war has now been rebuilt.

19. My brother, who met you yesterday, works for a big firm.

20. The vegetable which are sold in this shop are grown without chemicals.

Bài 3. Rewrite the following sentences by using reduced relative clauses if possible.

1. I need something that I can put out the fire with.

_________________________________________________________.
2. There’s a hurricane outside which is strong enough to rip trees from the ground.

_________________________________________________________.

3. The glacier which is next to the mainland is moving quickly.

_________________________________________________________.

4. The woman who is talking about climate change is a professor from the USA.

_________________________________________________________.

5. The man who fell down on the floor was a worker at the factory

_________________________________________________________.

6. The rain which was pouring down like tropical rain devastated the sports facilities

_________________________________________________________.